1408:
124:
138:
1382:
1354:
inhabitants per square mile (400 inhabitants/ha) and peak levels as high as 135,000 inhabitants per square mile (520 inhabitants/ha), the highest density of any industrial city in the world, and with firefighting measures ludicrously inadequate to the task, 15.8 square miles (41 km) of Tokyo were destroyed on a night when fierce winds whipped the flames and walls of fire blocked tens of thousands fleeing for their lives. An estimated 1.5 million people lived in the burned out areas.
8579:
1122:
1136:, which had an operational range of 3,250 nautical miles (3,740 mi; 6,020 km) and was capable of attacking at high altitude above 30,000 feet (9,100 m), where enemy defenses were very weak. Almost 90% of the bombs dropped on the home islands of Japan were delivered by the B-29. Once Allied ground forces had captured islands sufficiently close to Japan, airfields were built on those islands (particularly
1195:
raid, LeMay ordered the B-29 bombers to attack again but at a relatively low altitude of 5,000 to 9,000 ft (1,500 to 2,700 m) and at night, because Japan's anti-aircraft artillery defenses were weakest in this altitude range, and the fighter defenses were ineffective at night. LeMay ordered all defensive guns but the tail gun removed from the B-29s so that the aircraft would be lighter and use less fuel.
1114:
71:
1345:
1311:
1283:
1210:
1641:, lost an engine, had the upper turret knocked out of action, and partially lost rudder control. Both bombers landed at Yontan Airfield just past ~1800 hrs. having survived the last air combat of the Pacific war. The following day, propellers were removed from Japanese aircraft as part of the surrender agreement. Marchione was buried on Okinawa on 19 August, his body being returned to his
1291:
among residential and commercial neighborhoods; firebombing cut the whole city's output in half. The destruction and damage were especially severe in the eastern areas of the city. The districts bombed were home to 1.2 million people. Tokyo police recorded 267,171 buildings destroyed, which left more than one million people homeless.
1462:
end the war earlier, and then failed to help the civilian victims of the raids while providing considerable support to former military personnel and their families. The plaintiffs' case was dismissed at the first judgement in
December 2009, and their appeal was rejected. The plaintiffs then appealed to the
1570:
fighters attacked Tokyo. Over two days, over 1,500 American planes and hundreds of
Japanese planes were in the air. "By the end of 17 February, more than five hundred Japanese planes, both on the ground and in the air, had been lost, and Japan's aircraft works had been badly hit. The Americans lost
1194:
on 4 February 1945. Tokyo was hit by incendiaries on 25 February 1945 when 174 B-29s flew a high altitude raid during daylight hours and destroyed around 643 acres (260 ha) (2.6 km) of the snow-covered city, using 453.7 tons of mostly incendiaries with some fragmentation bombs. After this
1461:
In 2007, 112 members of the
Association for the Bereaved Families of the Victims of the Tokyo Air Raids brought a class action against the Japanese government, demanding an apology and 1.232 billion yen in compensation. Their suit charged that the Japanese government invited the raid by failing to
1389:
After the war, Tokyo struggled to rebuild. In 1945 and 1946, the city received a share of the national reconstruction budget roughly proportional to its amount of bombing damage (26.6%), but in successive years Tokyo saw its share dwindle. By 1949, Tokyo was given only 10.9% of the budget; at the
1290:
Damage to Tokyo's heavy industry was slight until firebombing destroyed much of the light industry that was used as an integral source for small machine parts. Firebombing also killed or made homeless many workers. According to the victorious US report, over 50% of Tokyo's industry was spread out
1258:
but for prevailing winds gusting at 17 to 28 mph (27 to 45 km/h). Approximately 15.8 square miles (4,090 ha) of the city were destroyed and some 100,000 people are estimated to have died. A grand total of 282 of the 339 B-29s launched for "Meetinghouse" made it to the target, 27 of
1238:
were also dropped: the M-47 was a 100-pound (45 kg) jelled-gasoline and white phosphorus bomb which ignited upon impact. In the first two hours of the raid, 226 of the attacking aircraft unloaded their bombs to overwhelm the city's fire defenses. The first B-29s to arrive dropped bombs in a
1353:
The figure of roughly 100,000 deaths, provided by
Japanese and American authorities, both of whom may have had reasons of their own for minimizing the death toll, seems to be arguably low in light of population density, wind conditions, and survivors' accounts. With an average of 103,000
1438:. A memorial to the raids was opened in the park in March 2001. The park has a list of names of people who died due to the bombings is made based on applications from bereaved families; it had 81,273 names as of March 2020. Bereaved families can submit applications to the government of
1233:
at an altitude of 2,000–2,500 ft (610–760 m). The M-69s punched through thin roofing material or landed on the ground; in either case they ignited 3–5 seconds later, throwing out a jet of flaming napalm globs. A lesser number of
1697:
1945: In the single deadliest air raid of World War II, 330 American B-29s rain incendiary bombs on Tokyo, touching off a firestorm that kills upwards of 100,000 people, burns a quarter of the city to the ground, and leaves a million
1620:
were part of this attack. The B-32 piloted by 1st Lt. John R. Anderson, was hit at 20,000 feet; cannon fire knocked out the number two (port inner) engine, and three crew were injured, including Sgt. Anthony J. Marchione, 19, of the
8652:
1002:
was destroyed, leaving an estimated 100,000 civilians dead and over one million homeless. The atomic bombing of
Hiroshima in August 1945, by comparison, resulted in the immediate death of an estimated 70,000 to 150,000 people.
1322:
later estimated that nearly 88,000 people died in this one raid, 41,000 were injured, and over a million residents lost their homes. The Tokyo Fire
Department estimated a higher toll: 97,000 killed and 125,000 wounded. The
1645:
home on 18 March 1949. He was interred in St. Aloysius Old
Cemetery with full military honors. "Hobo Queen II" was dismantled at Yonton Airfield following a 9 September nosegear collapse and damage during lifting. B-32,
1398:
stepped in and drastically cut back on
Japanese government rebuilding programs, focusing instead on simply improving roads and transportation. Tokyo did not experience fast economic growth until the 1950s.
3629:
1105:
where the crew was interned, but then smuggled over the border into Iran on 11 May 1943. Two crews were captured by the
Japanese in occupied China. Three crewmen from these groups were later executed.
2563:
7143:
8657:
6489:
1093:. The raid did little damage to Japan's war capability but was a significant propaganda victory for the United States. Launched at longer range than planned when the task force encountered
8501:
6505:
6428:
6400:
5544:
6839:
8480:
7152:
5966:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5215:
856:
381:
7455:
6818:
6120:
5745:
5198:
1663:
1167:
was activated there. The high-altitude bombing attacks using general-purpose bombs were observed to be ineffective by USAAF leaders due to high winds—later discovered to be the
6461:
6407:
5593:
6925:
1477:, which is one of the foundations of international law", but also noted that it is difficult to argue whether the raids were illegal under the international laws of the time.
6414:
6030:
3622:
5440:
1221:
On the night of 9–10 March 1945, 334 B-29s took off to raid with 279 of them dropping 1,665 tons of bombs on Tokyo. The bombs were mostly the 500-pound (230 kg) E-46
6811:
6251:
6127:
5256:
4060:
443:
6104:
5484:
6541:
5853:
1995:
6360:
5662:
3615:
827:
347:
8373:
616:
7159:
7122:
7099:
6613:
5535:
5505:
7252:
6305:
7108:
7092:
7064:
6832:
5512:
3960:
1453:. The library contains documents and literature about the raid plus survivor accounts collected by Saotome and the Association to Record the Tokyo Air Raid.
8016:
7076:
6988:
6932:
6895:
6888:
6170:
5251:
4447:
839:
364:
173:
6981:
5706:
4341:
3975:
3709:
688:
538:
7028:
8494:
7115:
5498:
5456:
5048:
4953:
2571:
1271:
988:
832:
352:
307:
39:
8343:
2745:
652:
6148:
5922:
5685:
5551:
5362:
4180:
4125:
4045:
3839:
1450:
1407:
1172:
727:
579:
35:
7231:
6680:
6058:
5558:
5470:
5406:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4525:
7434:
6946:
5789:
5327:
4190:
3945:
3910:
3890:
1319:
8037:
7462:
7208:
7083:
6162:
5993:
5699:
5616:
5018:
4100:
4015:
4010:
3638:
3483:
3303:
3157:
3117:
2937:
2916:
2893:
2823:
2029:
1262:
The
Operation Meetinghouse firebombing of Tokyo on the night of 9 March 1945 was the single deadliest air raid of World War II, greater than
586:
499:
465:
436:
261:
8270:
7670:
5107:
742:
700:
7556:
6721:
6181:
6177:
6155:
5759:
5065:
4948:
4943:
4758:
4515:
4165:
4160:
4130:
4105:
3935:
3859:
3699:
1625:, who took a 20 mm hit to the chest and died 30 minutes later. Tail gunner Sgt. John Houston destroyed one attacker. The lead bomber,
1324:
533:
410:
322:
301:
296:
266:
8185:
7642:
4055:
6974:
6960:
6166:
5043:
5023:
4785:
4763:
4296:
4256:
4080:
3880:
3834:
2234:"A Forgotten Holocaust: US Bombing Strategy, the Destruction of Japanese Cities & the American Way of War from World War II to Iraq"
844:
509:
369:
337:
332:
317:
8613:
8263:
7712:
5936:
1331:
put deaths at over 100,000, injuries at a million and homeless residents at a million. These casualty and damage figures could be low;
8394:
8141:
7427:
7378:
7136:
6691:
5775:
5623:
5477:
5246:
5165:
4998:
4963:
4843:
4412:
4381:
4361:
4331:
4326:
4301:
4271:
4251:
4050:
4005:
3995:
3965:
3824:
3761:
1607:
1267:
1263:
1259:
which were lost due to being shot down by Japanese air defenses, mechanical failure, or being caught in updrafts caused by the fires.
504:
327:
276:
6435:
3524:
2116:
1362:
cited a figure of 125,000 deaths. Elise K. Tipton, professor of Japan studies, arrived at a rough range of 75,000 to 200,000 deaths.
1030:
8510:
7385:
7357:
7174:
6756:
6468:
4993:
4923:
4803:
4779:
4494:
4316:
4236:
4095:
4035:
3915:
3900:
3704:
3559:
Transcript of a radio documentary/commentary on the Tokyo firebombing with excerpts from interviews with participants and witnesses.
3502:
3459:
3421:
3398:
3362:
3341:
3322:
3281:
3242:
3221:
3195:
3176:
3136:
3096:
3068:
3049:
3028:
3001:
2863:
2844:
2593:
2529:
2495:
2461:
1634:
1626:
391:
286:
221:
7698:
2021:
1250:
on the water; later aircraft simply aimed near this flaming X. The individual fires caused by the bombs joined to create a general
8547:
7942:
7635:
6874:
6770:
6599:
6276:
5722:
5032:
4928:
4918:
4861:
4797:
4551:
4541:
4391:
4371:
4321:
4311:
4286:
4175:
4070:
4000:
3844:
3756:
3684:
3530:
2442:
2179:
1204:
995:
429:
281:
232:
7901:
6659:
1298:'s tour of the destroyed areas of Tokyo in March 1945 was the beginning of his involvement in the peace process, culminating in
8071:
7912:
7730:
7489:
7448:
7341:
7279:
5929:
5798:
5766:
4958:
4938:
4351:
4336:
1768:
1373:
The entire bombing campaign against Japan killed more than 300,000 people and injured an additional 400,000, mostly civilians.
771:
754:
291:
251:
166:
8307:
8100:
7330:
6446:
1743:"Firebombs Over Tokyo: America's 1945 attack on Japan's capital remains undeservedly obscure alongside Hiroshima and Nagasaki"
681:
671:
8672:
8662:
8457:
8429:
6781:
6496:
6136:
5867:
5586:
5491:
5376:
5177:
4170:
8401:
8332:
8157:
7364:
8517:
8450:
7656:
7607:
7371:
6967:
6728:
6512:
5565:
5261:
5058:
972:
871:
596:
396:
211:
2662:
2055:
2006:
477:
8591:
8487:
7862:
7816:
6735:
6563:
6548:
6475:
6454:
6272:
5950:
5736:
5729:
5713:
5424:
5383:
5355:
4746:
3538:
911:
621:
526:
1952:
998:, are the single most destructive bombing raid in human history. 16 square miles (41 km; 10,000 acres) of central
8554:
7878:
7823:
7441:
7413:
7266:
6881:
6860:
6374:
6037:
5433:
5102:
4452:
4442:
2089:
1575:
776:
256:
8352:
7549:
5943:
2687:
1742:
7841:
7760:
7705:
7593:
7199:
6825:
6749:
6644:
6521:
6393:
6386:
6346:
6319:
6051:
5984:
5651:
5579:
5390:
5320:
4838:
4751:
2786:
2341:
1622:
1579:
1007:
866:
695:
666:
550:
159:
8254:
8171:
7956:
7809:
7781:
7614:
7519:
7309:
6742:
5809:
5463:
2416:
766:
8667:
7993:
7970:
7215:
7016:
7009:
6666:
6326:
6298:
6291:
6014:
5678:
3654:
2121:
1574:
18 August 1945: The last U.S. air combat casualty of the Pacific War occurred during mission 230 A-8, when two
1160:
931:
712:
572:
1711:
The Army Air Forces in World War II, Volume Five, the Pacific: Matterhorn to Nagasaki June 1944 to August 1945
1381:
897:
1449:, a survivor of the 10 March 1945 firebombing, helped start a library about the raid in Koto Ward called the
8415:
8359:
8229:
8089:
7767:
7420:
7316:
7222:
6790:
6651:
6621:
6585:
6570:
6442:
6334:
6312:
6258:
6244:
6226:
5890:
5671:
5399:
5348:
5183:
4346:
4261:
4110:
3792:
2153:
2126:
1642:
1583:
1327:
established a figure of 83,793 dead and 40,918 wounded and 286,358 buildings and homes destroyed. Historian
717:
2005:(May 1965). Office of Civil Defense, Department of the Army, Washington D.C.: 39, 40, 53–54. Archived from
1595:
8107:
8000:
7795:
7746:
7649:
7542:
7512:
7295:
7183:
6909:
6700:
6284:
6265:
6235:
5782:
5752:
5275:
5149:
5144:
4871:
4065:
3659:
2753:
2348: (archived 2020-10-27) Approx. 80,000 deaths in down town Tokyo in one night on 10, March 1945. Book:
1559:
1463:
1247:
1176:
1171:—which carried the bombs off target. Between May and September 1943, bombing trials were conducted on the
1090:
984:
761:
472:
6763:
3296:
Among the Dead Cities: The History and Moral Legacy of the WWII Bombing of Civilians in Germany and Japan
1814:
8598:
8321:
8164:
8060:
8030:
7986:
7855:
7719:
7684:
7677:
7600:
7498:
6939:
6916:
6367:
5904:
5644:
5630:
5313:
5290:
4556:
1686:
1495:
916:
676:
519:
5959:
1037:. B-29 raids from those islands began on 17 November 1944, and lasted until 15 August 1945, the day of
8422:
8277:
7928:
7885:
7848:
7774:
7584:
7563:
6482:
5637:
4866:
4520:
4499:
4427:
4407:
4281:
2956:
1152:
861:
849:
737:
543:
386:
374:
1239:
large X pattern centered in Tokyo's densely populated working class district near the docks in both
8540:
8314:
8192:
8148:
7663:
6797:
6556:
6083:
5913:
5897:
5846:
5008:
4968:
4897:
4437:
3970:
3777:
1567:
1391:
1148:
732:
606:
2993:
1894:"The Japanese Village at Dugway Proving Ground: An Unexamined Context to the Firebombing of Japan"
1430:
Between 1948 and 1951 the ashes of 105,400 people killed in the attacks on Tokyo were interred in
8533:
8366:
8291:
8245:
8215:
8123:
7963:
7621:
7505:
7399:
7350:
7288:
7044:
6995:
6804:
6707:
6421:
6076:
6007:
5874:
5171:
5038:
4978:
4933:
4881:
4546:
4489:
3950:
3895:
3809:
3730:
3584:
2972:
2365:
1858:
1337:
1299:
1164:
1130:
1038:
1023:
968:
890:
883:
822:
812:
786:
638:
560:
402:
342:
312:
271:
216:
199:
58:
8578:
3374:
Airwar Outraged Skies/Wings of Fire. An Illustrated history of Air power in the Second World War
1769:"Tokyo WWII firebombing, the single most deadly bombing raid in history, remembered 70 years on"
17:
8524:
8408:
8298:
8238:
8199:
8132:
8114:
8080:
8023:
7977:
7921:
7739:
7477:
7469:
7406:
7259:
6853:
6378:
6023:
6000:
5839:
5818:
5528:
5128:
5053:
5013:
4988:
4983:
4902:
4876:
4791:
4720:
4635:
4600:
4468:
4432:
4376:
4276:
3782:
3669:
3498:
3479:
3455:
3438:
3417:
3394:
3377:
3358:
3337:
3318:
3299:
3277:
3257:
3238:
3217:
3191:
3172:
3153:
3147:
3132:
3113:
3107:
3092:
3064:
3045:
3024:
3020:
2997:
2933:
2927:
2912:
2889:
2883:
2859:
2840:
2819:
2353:
1852:
1446:
1244:
1180:
1156:
1094:
1075:
1015:
994:
The raids that were conducted by the U.S. military on the night of 9–10 March 1945, codenamed
923:
876:
781:
626:
611:
555:
241:
2834:
1370:, stated that there were "at least 100,000" Japanese deaths and "about one million" injured.
1044:
Over half of Tokyo's industry was spread out among residential and commercial neighborhoods;
8443:
8436:
8380:
8044:
7802:
7788:
7691:
7628:
7579:
7392:
7245:
7192:
7002:
6953:
6867:
6090:
6067:
5600:
5123:
5003:
4705:
4695:
4630:
4417:
4291:
4241:
4215:
3920:
3905:
3649:
3269:
2964:
2597:
2567:
2533:
2499:
2465:
1691:
1651:
1633:, "Hobo Queen II", piloted by 1st Lt. James Klein, was not seriously damaged but the second
1363:
1222:
1133:
1052:
due to the targeting of civilian infrastructure and the ensuing mass loss of civilian life.
645:
631:
601:
514:
494:
246:
2233:
1121:
8466:
8178:
8093:
8051:
7949:
7892:
7753:
7535:
7526:
7055:
6630:
6606:
6202:
5860:
4973:
4715:
4685:
4655:
4473:
3725:
3469:
2691:
2345:
2130:
1587:
1474:
1431:
1230:
1191:
1034:
747:
722:
591:
143:
3588:
2986:
2601:
2541:
2507:
2473:
1617:
1423:
3607:
2960:
2033:
1501:
29–30 November 1944: two incendiary raids on industrial areas, burning 2,773 structures.
8473:
8009:
7935:
5973:
5832:
5081:
4833:
4710:
4670:
4660:
4640:
4605:
4185:
4145:
4025:
3410:
3291:
1613:
1328:
1067:
1061:
1011:
805:
659:
567:
489:
206:
183:
2183:
8646:
8284:
6195:
6044:
5883:
4725:
4700:
4650:
4645:
4625:
3990:
3849:
3473:
3435:
United States air strategy and doctrine as employed in the strategic bombing of Japan
3352:
3254:
The cigar that brought the fire wind: Curtis LeMay and the strategic bombing of Japan
3232:
3039:
3013:
2976:
2968:
2905:
2856:
Collateral Damage: Atrocities, Noncombatant Immunity, and Atrocity after World War II
2798:
1516:
9 March 1945: 334 B-29s dropping incendiaries destroy 267,000 buildings; 25% of city
1470:
1435:
1359:
1251:
1071:
129:
1187:'s ordering the bombers to change tactics to utilize these munitions against Japan.
1113:
1048:
cut the city's output in half. Some modern post-war analysts have called the raid a
151:
70:
8583:
8387:
6673:
6578:
6209:
5572:
5336:
4665:
4615:
3885:
3564:
3169:
The Making of Urban Japan: Cities and Planning from Edo to the Twenty First Century
2564:"Japanese government says 1945 Tokyo bombing was 'against humanitarian principles'"
1591:
1536:
1419:
1395:
1184:
1102:
1019:
980:
796:
791:
705:
4115:
2419:[Bureau of Citizens and Cultural Affairs, Tokyo Metropolitan Government].
2390:
1526:
3 April 1945: 68 B-29s bomb the Koizumi aircraft factory and urban areas in Tokyo.
1344:
1310:
1282:
1101:
short of the airfields designated for landing. One aircraft landed in the neutral
1543:
nuclear bomb) through overcast. It was aimed at, but missed, the Imperial Palace.
8222:
8208:
7870:
6532:
6353:
6338:
5692:
4818:
4680:
4231:
4150:
3985:
2447:
1563:
1367:
1332:
1240:
1209:
1045:
976:
482:
453:
187:
79:
62:
31:
7570:
7323:
7302:
6188:
5521:
5449:
4675:
4620:
4090:
3930:
2537:
2503:
2469:
2357:
2063:
1610:
1214:
1168:
8628:
8615:
3546:
1960:
7833:
7238:
7035:
6846:
6637:
6592:
5609:
4690:
4610:
4246:
4120:
4075:
4030:
3674:
3664:
1473:'s second term, Abe's cabinet stated that the raids were "incompatible with
1255:
1049:
905:
6113:
3334:
I Saw Tokyo Burning: An Eyewitness Narrative from Pearl Harbor to Hiroshima
1510:
25 February 1945: 174 B-29s dropping incendiaries destroy 28,000 buildings.
1491:
24 November 1944: 111 B-29s hit an aircraft factory on the rim of the city.
3518:
2988:
The Politics of War: The World and United States Foreign Policy, 1943–1945
2680:
6097:
5825:
4422:
4210:
3925:
3829:
3740:
1603:
1411:
1295:
1235:
1098:
1082:
2875:
Bombs, Cities, and Civilians: American Airpower Strategy in World War II
4386:
4366:
4306:
4266:
4140:
4135:
3980:
3854:
3735:
3565:"Vol. V: The Pacific: Matterhorn to Nagasaki, June 1944 to August 1945"
3442:
3381:
3261:
1893:
1540:
2947:
Karacas, Cary (2010). "Place, Public Memory and the Tokyo Air Raids".
1594:. Both bombers were attacked by several Japanese fighters of both the
6714:
4155:
3940:
3875:
3819:
2929:
The Pacific War: The Strategy, Politics, and Players That Won the War
1599:
1226:
1141:
1137:
1026:
3452:
The Last Mission: The Secret History of World War II's Final Battle
2393:[Receptionist for registering Tokyo Air Raid Victim List].
1726:
6902:
4356:
4085:
4040:
3955:
3787:
1818:
1439:
1415:
1406:
1380:
1343:
1314:
Charred remains of Japanese civilians after Operation Meetinghouse
1309:
1281:
1208:
1120:
1112:
1086:
999:
948:
103:
8653:
World War II aerial operations and battles of the Pacific theatre
3061:
The Enola Gay: The B-29 That Dropped the Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima
3041:
The Man Who Flew The Memphis Belle: Memoir of a WWII Bomber Pilot
4020:
2349:
1529:
7 April 1945: 101 B-29s bomb the Nakajima aircraft factory again
1507:
24 February 1945: 229 B-29s plus over 1600 carrier-based planes.
1348:
The charred body of a woman who was carrying a child on her back
76:
5309:
5305:
3611:
1125:
Leaflet dropped over Tokyo, warning civilians to leave the city
425:
155:
3149:
A Century of Air Power: The Changing Face of Warfare 1912–2012
2787:
The Last to Die | Military Aviation | Air & Space Magazine
1956:
1546:
8 August 1945: 60 B-29s bomb the aircraft factory and arsenal.
1494:
27 November 1944: 81 B-29s hit the dock and urban area and 13
421:
3354:
Inferno: The Fire Bombing of Japan, March 9 – August 15, 1945
2633:
2631:
1385:
1947 U.S. military survey showing bomb-damaged areas of Tokyo
2694:
Air Force Historical Studies Office. Retrieved 3 March 2009.
2443:
Author sees parallels between prewar, nuclear indoctrination
1721:
1719:
3589:"The Strategic Air War Against Germany and Japan: A Memoir"
3531:
The Center of the Tokyo Raid and War Damages / Introduction
3391:
Superfortress: The Story of the B-29 and American Air Power
1680:
1678:
1523:
2 April 1945: 100 B-29s bomb the Nakajima aircraft factory.
1390:
same time there was runaway inflation devaluing the money.
1014:, a seaborne, small-scale air raid on Tokyo in April 1942.
2704:
2702:
2700:
3131:. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pp. 276–77.
3129:
The Rise of American Airpower: The Creation of Armageddon
2681:
U.S. Army Air Forces in World War II: Combat Chronology.
1286:
A bird's-eye view of Tokyo before and after the air raids
3416:. Brookfield, Connecticut: Twenty-First Century Books.
1713:. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953, page 558.
1159:, but these could not reach Tokyo. Operations from the
5967:
Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany
3234:
Iron Eagle: The Turbulent Life of General Curtis LeMay
27:
Air raids by the US Army Air Forces in the Pacific War
3545:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from
2115:
Technical Sergeant Steven Wilson (25 February 2010).
1994:
Rodden, Robert M.; John, Floyd I.; Laurino, Richard.
1664:
Evacuations of civilians in Japan during World War II
1129:
The key development for the bombing of Japan was the
2182:. CommonDreams.org. Associated Press. Archived from
2180:"1945 Tokyo Firebombing Left Legacy of Terror, Pain"
1504:
19 February 1945: 119 B-29s hit port and urban area.
1144:) and B-29s could reach Japan for bombing missions.
8342:
8070:
7911:
7729:
7488:
7340:
7278:
7182:
7173:
7054:
6780:
6690:
6531:
6234:
6225:
5983:
5808:
5661:
5423:
5416:
5283:
5274:
5239:
5208:
5197:
5158:
5137:
5116:
5095:
5074:
4911:
4890:
4854:
4826:
4817:
4772:
4736:
4591:
4565:
4534:
4508:
4482:
4461:
4400:
4224:
4203:
3868:
3808:
3801:
3770:
3749:
3718:
3692:
3683:
3372:Jablonski, Edward (1971). "Air War Against Japan".
2117:"This month in history: The firebombing of Dresden"
1687:"March 9, 1945: Burning the Heart Out of the Enemy"
3409:
3012:
3011:Miller, Donald L.; Commager, Henry Steele (2001).
2985:
2904:
2676:
2674:
2090:"9 March 1945: Burning the Heart Out of the Enemy"
1549:10 August 1945: 70 B-29s bomb the arsenal complex.
1418:citizen. Bombing of Tokyo during the Pacific War,
1183:against wood-and-paper buildings, and resulted in
1097:, all of the attacking aircraft either crashed or
8658:World War II strategic bombing by populated place
3274:Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire
2799:1942 USAAF Serial Numbers (42-91974 to 42-110188)
1179:. These trials demonstrated the effectiveness of
1606:Air Group that made 10 gunnery passes. Japanese
1213:A birds-eye view over the Ningyōchō district of
1089:. The raid was retaliation against the Japanese
3475:Whirlwind: The Air War Against Japan, 1942–1945
3109:Edokko: Growing Up a Foreigner in Wartime Japan
2746:"American missions against Tokyo and Tokyo Bay"
1709:Craven, Wesley Frank, and James Lea Cate, eds.
1590:, Okinawa, for a photo reconnaissance run over
1532:13 April 1945: 327 B-29s bomb the arsenal area.
1358:In his 1968 book, reprinted in 1990, historian
1351:
960:
51:
2789:. Airspacemag.com. Retrieved on 5 August 2010.
2293:
1938:
954:
5321:
3623:
3519:67 Japanese cities firebombed in World War II
3256:. JGSDF-U.S. Army Military History Exchange.
2801:. Joebaugher.com. Retrieved on 5 August 2010.
1854:Video: B-29s Rule Jap Skies,1944/12/18 (1944)
437:
167:
8:
3317:. Jacksonville, Arkansas: Greer Publishing.
3214:A Torch to the Enemy: The Fire Raid on Tokyo
3188:Modern Japan: A Social and Political History
2154:"Bombings Worse than Nagasaki and Hiroshima"
2076:
1953:"The War: Firebombing (Germany & Japan)"
1879:
1442:to have names of victims added to the list.
3298:. New York: Walker Publishing Company Inc.
2774:
2649:
2637:
2622:
2317:
1815:"Official Website of The Doolittle Raiders"
7179:
6231:
5420:
5328:
5314:
5306:
5280:
5205:
5071:
4823:
3805:
3689:
3630:
3616:
3608:
2877:. Lawrence,KS: University of Kansas Press.
1147:The initial raids were carried out by the
444:
430:
422:
174:
160:
152:
48:
4954:Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
3019:. New York: Simon and Schuster. pp.
2227:
2225:
1466:, which rejected their case in May 2013.
1085:and Tokyo, and then flew to airfields in
989:atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
40:1985 Narita International Airport bombing
3437:. U.S. Air University, Air War College.
2708:
2342:Approx. 80,000 deaths in down town Tokyo
2329:
1725:United States Strategic Bombing Survey,
1469:In 2013, during Japanese Prime Minister
1451:Center of the Tokyo Raids and War Damage
1254:, which would have been classified as a
36:1974 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries bombing
30:For other Tokyo bombings not related to
2885:B-29 Superfortress Units of World War 2
2377:
2216:
1981:
1926:
1914:
1789:
1674:
1513:4 March 1945: 159 B-29s hit urban area.
1070:on 18 April 1942. In the raid, sixteen
7160:Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union
3563:Craven, Wesley Frank; James Lea Cate.
3450:Smith, Jim; Malcolm Mcconnell (2002).
2732:
2281:
2257:
2204:
1839:
1117:Aerial view of Tokyo following the war
8038:Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign
7463:Japanese invasion of French Indochina
7109:Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union
7065:Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union
6163:Rape during the occupation of Germany
3639:Strategic bombing during World War II
3389:Lemay, Curtis E.; Bill Yenne (1988).
3315:Fire from the Sky: A Diary Over Japan
2305:
2269:
2152:Vance, Laurence M. (14 August 2009).
1163:commenced in November 1944 after the
1029:entered service, first deployed from
7:
7153:Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union
6178:Rape during the liberation of France
3038:Morgan, Robert; Powers, Ron (2001).
2882:Dorr, Robert F. (20 December 2012).
2720:
1996:"Exploratory Analysis of Firestorms"
1325:Tokyo Metropolitan Police Department
3569:The Army Air Forces in World War II
3091:. Simon & Schuster Paperbacks.
2600:. 共同通信社. 7 May 2013. Archived from
2056:"The night hell fell from the sky'"
2022:"Part I: A Failure of Intelligence"
2020:Dyson., Freeman (1 November 2006),
1801:
1151:operating out of mainland China in
1022:began in 1944 after the long-range
7379:German invasion of the Netherlands
5652:Weather events during World War II
3595:. U.S. Office of Air Force History
3571:. U.S. Office of Air Force History
2506:. 14 December 2009. Archived from
2096:. Condé Nast Digital. 9 March 2011
1539:(bomb with same ballistics as the
25:
8017:Northern Burma and Western Yunnan
3237:. Random House Value Publishing.
2178:Coleman, Joseph (10 March 2005).
1898:Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus
1635:Consolidated B-32-35-CF Dominator
1627:Consolidated B-32-20-CF Dominator
1175:set-piece target, located at the
8577:
3146:Sloggett, David (18 July 2013).
2969:10.1111/j.1931-0846.2010.00056.x
2158:The Future of Freedom Foundation
2054:McNeill, David (10 March 2005).
1767:Carney, Matthew (8 March 2015).
1217:following Operation Meetinghouse
1205:Bombing of Tokyo (10 March 1945)
1190:The first such raid was against
1066:The first raid on Tokyo was the
136:
122:
69:
18:Bombing of Tokyo in World War II
3525:Army Air Forces in World War II
3412:Air Raid!: The Bombing Campaign
3080:The Illustrated History of WWII
1445:After the war, Japanese author
8264:Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945
5960:Territorial changes of Germany
5868:Indonesian National Revolution
2472:. 9 March 2007. Archived from
2423:(in Japanese). 15 January 2013
1892:Plung, Dylan (15 April 2018).
1:
7657:Japanese invasion of Thailand
7608:Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran
7372:German invasion of Luxembourg
5746:Mediterranean and Middle East
3089:The Making of the Atomic Bomb
1535:20 July 1945: 1 B-29 drops a
973:United States Army Air Forces
7564:Invasion of the Soviet Union
7253:Occupation of Czechoslovakia
6564:Independent State of Croatia
3493:Werrell, Kenneth P. (1998).
3082:. Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
2926:Hopkins, William B. (2009).
2818:. New York: Back Bay Books.
2667:. 21st Bomber Command. 1945.
2570:. 7 May 2013. Archived from
2540:. 9 May 2013. Archived from
1728:Summary Report (Pacific War)
1623:20th Reconnaissance Squadron
1576:Consolidated B-32 Dominators
898:Manchuria and Northern Korea
8555:End of World War II in Asia
8395:Western invasion of Germany
7902:Chinese famine of 1942–1943
7879:Second Battle of El Alamein
7442:Hundred Regiments Offensive
7414:Battle of the Mediterranean
7267:Italian invasion of Albania
5434:Air warfare of World War II
3433:Shannon, Donald H. (1976).
3127:Sherry, Michael S. (1987).
2903:Hillenbrand, Laura (2010).
2395:都立横網町公園 （ Yokoamichō Park ）
2232:Selden, Mark (2 May 2007).
2003:Stanford Research Institute
1685:Long, Tony (9 March 2011).
1320:US Strategic Bombing Survey
961:
696:Dutch East Indies (1941–42)
653:Strategic bombing (1944–45)
8689:
8481:Naval bombardment of Japan
7842:First Battle of El Alamein
7761:Battle of Christmas Island
7706:Japanese invasion of Burma
7470:Italian invasion of Greece
7386:German invasion of Belgium
7358:German invasion of Denmark
7331:1939–1940 Winter Offensive
7200:Second Italo-Ethiopian War
5457:Comparative military ranks
3231:Coffey, Thomas M. (1987).
2911:. New York: Random House.
2854:Conway-Lanz, Sahr (2006).
2664:Tactical Mission Report 38
2496:"東京大空襲の賠償認めず 「救済対象者の選別困難」"
2294:Miller & Commager 2001
1939:Miller & Commager 2001
1202:
1059:
845:Volcano and Ryukyu Islands
370:Volcano and Ryukyu Islands
29:
8570:
8402:Bratislava–Brno offensive
8333:Dutch famine of 1944–1945
7957:Allied invasion of Sicily
7810:Aleutian Islands campaign
7782:Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign
7720:Greek famine of 1941–1944
7615:Second Battle of Changsha
7520:German invasion of Greece
7365:Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang
5700:North and Central Pacific
5343:
3645:
3393:. McGraw-Hill Companies.
3332:Guillian, Robert (1982).
3252:Crane, Conrad C. (1994).
3186:Tipton, Elise K. (2002).
3015:The Story of World War II
2888:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
2873:Crane, Conrad C. (1993).
2836:No Strategic Targets Left
2530:"東京大空襲で原告敗訴が確定 最高裁が上告退ける"
1457:Postwar Japanese politics
955:
461:
195:
115:
86:
68:
56:
7994:Allied invasion of Italy
7971:Solomon Islands campaign
7713:Third Battle of Changsha
7310:First Battle of Changsha
7216:Second Sino-Japanese War
6149:German military brothels
6015:United States war crimes
3655:Aerial bombing of cities
3585:Hansell, Jr., Haywood S.
3478:. Simon & Schuster.
3167:Sorensen, Andre (2004).
3087:Rhodes, Richard (1984).
2984:Kolko, Gabriel (1990) .
2462:"東京大空襲、国を提訴 遺族ら12億円賠償請求"
2368:) (一夜に東京の下町一帯で8万人にのぼる死者)
2122:Ellsworth Air Force Base
2077:Morgan & Powers 2001
1880:Morgan & Powers 2001
1518:(Operation Meetinghouse)
1481:Partial list of missions
1231:M-69 incendiary bomblets
1161:Northern Mariana Islands
983:in 1944–1945, after the
932:Second Sino-Japanese War
772:Estevan Point Lighthouse
527:Indian Ocean (1941–1945)
478:Marshalls–Gilberts raids
8416:Second Guangxi campaign
8271:Philippines (1944–1945)
7768:Battle of the Coral Sea
7671:Fall of the Philippines
7317:Battle of South Guangxi
7223:Battles of Khalkhin Gol
6622:Italian Social Republic
3593:Project Warrior Studies
3351:Hoyt, Edwin P. (2000).
3212:Caidin, Martin (1960).
3106:Shapiro, Isaac (2009).
3059:Polmar, Norman (2004).
2949:The Geographical Review
2858:. New York: Routledge.
2814:Beevor, Antony (2012).
2594:"東京大空襲で答弁書 「人道主義に合致せず」"
2451:, 20 March 2012, p. 12.
2391:"慰霊供養の方 東京空襲犠牲者名簿 登載受付"
2352:：4-00-415021-3 Writer:
2127:United States Air Force
1643:Pottstown, Pennsylvania
1074:were launched from the
534:Japanese merchant raids
8001:Armistice of Cassibile
7796:Battle of Dutch Harbor
7747:Battle of the Java Sea
7650:Attack on Pearl Harbor
7550:Syria–Lebanon campaign
7543:Battle of South Shanxi
7513:Invasion of Yugoslavia
7296:Battle of the Atlantic
6910:Korean Liberation Army
6616:(until September 1943)
6573:(until September 1944)
6551:(until September 1944)
3660:Area bombing directive
3537:Barrell, Tony (1997).
3078:Ray, Dr. John (2003).
2833:Bradley, F.J. (1999).
1560:carrier-based aircraft
1496:targets of opportunity
1427:
1392:Occupation authorities
1386:
1356:
1349:
1315:
1287:
1272:Hiroshima, or Nagasaki
1218:
1199:Operation Meetinghouse
1177:Dugway Proving Grounds
1126:
1118:
1095:a Japanese picket boat
1091:attack on Pearl Harbor
996:Operation Meetinghouse
985:attack on Pearl Harbor
833:Hiroshima and Nagasaki
677:Burma and India (1944)
500:Gilberts and Marshalls
353:Hiroshima and Nagasaki
8673:Firebombings in Japan
8663:Tokyo in World War II
8165:Second Battle of Guam
8061:Bengal famine of 1943
8031:Second Battle of Kiev
7987:Battle of the Dnieper
7856:Kokoda Track campaign
7685:Battle of Wake Island
7557:East African campaign
7499:Battle of South Henan
7144:atrocities by Germans
6917:Korean Volunteer Army
5891:Occupation of Germany
5645:Music in World War II
3408:McGowen, Tom (2001).
2839:. Turner Publishing.
1596:302nd Naval Air Group
1558:16–17 February 1945:
1520:killing some 100,000.
1410:
1384:
1347:
1313:
1285:
1212:
1124:
1116:
743:Philippines (1944–45)
701:Philippines (1941–42)
8451:Surrender of Germany
7929:Battle of West Hubei
7886:Guadalcanal campaign
7849:Battle of Stalingrad
7775:Battle of Madagascar
6542:Albania protectorate
6329:(formerly Swaziland)
6038:Wehrmacht war crimes
5854:Expulsion of Germans
5638:Art and World War II
5536:British contribution
5485:Governments in exile
4061:Ludwigshafen / Oppau
3793:Saint-Leu-d'Esserent
3216:. Ballantine Books.
2816:The Second World War
2566:. Japan Daily News.
2133:on 29 September 2011
1153:Operation Matterhorn
544:Homfreyganj massacre
411:Hokkaido (cancelled)
8625: /
8541:Potsdam Declaration
8430:Italy (Spring 1945)
8193:Liberation of Paris
7643:Siege of Sevastopol
6654:(until August 1944)
6557:Wang Jingwei regime
6379:from September 1943
6339:from September 1944
6277:from September 1944
6137:Romanian war crimes
6128:Persecution of Jews
6114:Croatian war crimes
6084:Japanese war crimes
5898:Occupation of Japan
5847:First Indochina War
5559:Military production
5471:Declarations of war
5209:Mandatory Palestine
3313:Greer, Ron (2005).
3171:. RoutledgeCurzon.
2961:2010GeoRv.100..521K
2777:, pp. 273–274.
2690:2 June 2013 at the
2625:, pp. 261–262.
2272:, pp. 539–540.
2207:, pp. 276–277.
2066:on 5 December 2008.
1941:, pp. 447–449.
1821:on 30 November 2017
1580:386th Bomb Squadron
1149:Twentieth Air Force
1033:and thereafter the
987:, and prior to the
8629:35.683°N 139.767°E
8534:Surrender of Japan
8367:Battle of Iwo Jima
8216:Belgrade offensive
7622:Siege of Leningrad
7506:Battle of Shanggao
7435:British Somaliland
7400:Dunkirk evacuation
7351:Norwegian campaign
7289:Invasion of Poland
7116:Japanese prisoners
6077:Italian war crimes
6008:British war crimes
5923:Soviet occupations
5707:South-West Pacific
5594:Allied cooperation
5552:Military equipment
4448:Rotterdam (Allied)
4413:Amsterdam (Allied)
2932:. Zenith Imprint.
2604:on 2 December 2013
2510:on 2 December 2013
2476:on 2 December 2013
2380:, pp. 521–523
2009:on 8 October 2012.
1859:Universal Newsreel
1650:, was scrapped at
1428:
1387:
1350:
1316:
1306:Casualty estimates
1302:six months later.
1288:
1274:as single events.
1225:which released 38
1219:
1165:XXI Bomber Command
1131:B-29 Superfortress
1127:
1119:
1039:Japanese surrender
1024:B-29 Superfortress
969:air raids on Japan
891:Japanese surrender
857:Naval bombardments
787:Fire balloon bombs
510:Volcano and Ryukyu
505:Marianas and Palau
382:Naval bombardments
75:Tokyo burns under
59:air raids on Japan
8608:
8607:
8566:
8565:
8409:Battle of Okinawa
8308:Burma (1944–1945)
8142:Mariana and Palau
7922:Tunisian campaign
7740:Fall of Singapore
7664:Fall of Hong Kong
7407:Battle of Britain
7260:Operation Himmler
7169:
7168:
6833:Dutch East Indies
6469:Southern Rhodesia
6221:
6220:
6121:Genocide of Serbs
6024:German war crimes
6001:Soviet war crimes
5994:Allied war crimes
5840:Division of Korea
5819:Chinese Civil War
5617:Strategic bombing
5529:Manhattan Project
5303:
5302:
5299:
5298:
5270:
5269:
5199:Mediterranean and
5193:
5192:
5091:
5090:
4813:
4812:
4616:Barrow-in-Furness
4601:Battle of Britain
4199:
4198:
3971:Freiburg (Allies)
3670:Strategic bombing
3539:"Tokyo's Burning"
3485:978-1-4165-8440-7
3357:. Madison Books.
3305:978-0-8027-1565-4
3270:Frank, Richard B.
3226:. D767.25.T6 C35.
3159:978-1-78159-192-5
3152:. Pen and Sword.
3119:978-1-4401-4124-9
3063:. Potomac Books.
2939:978-0-7603-3435-5
2918:978-1-4000-6416-8
2895:978-1-78200-835-4
2825:978-0-316-02375-7
2756:on 5 October 2023
2354:Katsumoto Saotome
2186:on 3 January 2015
2026:Technology Review
1984:, pp. 34–35.
1951:Crane, Conrad C.
1741:Rauch, Jonathan.
1447:Katsumoto Saotome
1300:Japan's surrender
1236:M-47 incendiaries
1157:XX Bomber Command
1016:Strategic bombing
940:
939:
782:Lookout Air Raids
689:Southwest Pacific
419:
418:
150:
149:
111:
110:
16:(Redirected from
8680:
8640:
8639:
8637:
8636:
8635:
8630:
8626:
8623:
8622:
8621:
8618:
8601:
8594:
8587:
8584:World portal
8582:
8581:
8557:
8550:
8543:
8536:
8527:
8520:
8513:
8504:
8497:
8490:
8483:
8476:
8469:
8460:
8453:
8446:
8444:Prague offensive
8439:
8437:Battle of Berlin
8432:
8425:
8418:
8411:
8404:
8397:
8390:
8383:
8381:Vienna offensive
8376:
8369:
8362:
8360:Battle of Manila
8355:
8335:
8326:
8317:
8310:
8301:
8294:
8287:
8280:
8273:
8266:
8259:
8250:
8241:
8234:
8225:
8218:
8211:
8204:
8195:
8188:
8181:
8174:
8167:
8160:
8153:
8144:
8137:
8128:
8119:
8110:
8103:
8101:Korsun–Cherkassy
8096:
8085:
8063:
8054:
8047:
8040:
8033:
8026:
8019:
8012:
8003:
7996:
7989:
7982:
7973:
7966:
7959:
7952:
7945:
7943:Bombing of Gorky
7938:
7931:
7924:
7904:
7897:
7888:
7881:
7874:
7865:
7858:
7851:
7844:
7837:
7826:
7819:
7812:
7805:
7803:Battle of Midway
7798:
7791:
7789:Battle of Gazala
7784:
7777:
7770:
7763:
7756:
7749:
7742:
7722:
7715:
7708:
7701:
7699:Battle of Borneo
7694:
7692:Malayan campaign
7687:
7680:
7673:
7666:
7659:
7652:
7645:
7638:
7636:Bombing of Gorky
7631:
7629:Battle of Moscow
7624:
7617:
7610:
7603:
7596:
7589:
7573:
7566:
7559:
7552:
7545:
7538:
7529:
7522:
7515:
7508:
7501:
7481:
7472:
7465:
7458:
7451:
7444:
7437:
7430:
7423:
7416:
7409:
7402:
7395:
7393:Battle of France
7388:
7381:
7374:
7367:
7360:
7353:
7333:
7326:
7319:
7312:
7305:
7298:
7291:
7269:
7262:
7255:
7248:
7246:Munich Agreement
7241:
7234:
7225:
7218:
7211:
7202:
7195:
7180:
7162:
7155:
7146:
7139:
7132:
7131:Soviet prisoners
7125:
7118:
7111:
7102:
7095:
7086:
7079:
7072:
7071:German prisoners
7067:
7047:
7038:
7031:
7024:
7019:
7012:
7005:
6998:
6991:
6984:
6977:
6970:
6963:
6956:
6949:
6942:
6935:
6928:
6919:
6912:
6905:
6898:
6891:
6884:
6877:
6870:
6863:
6856:
6849:
6842:
6835:
6828:
6821:
6814:
6807:
6800:
6793:
6773:
6766:
6759:
6752:
6745:
6738:
6731:
6724:
6717:
6710:
6703:
6683:
6676:
6669:
6662:
6655:
6647:
6640:
6633:
6624:
6617:
6609:
6602:
6600:French Indochina
6595:
6588:
6581:
6574:
6566:
6559:
6552:
6544:
6524:
6515:
6508:
6499:
6492:
6485:
6478:
6471:
6464:
6457:
6450:
6447:from August 1944
6438:
6431:
6424:
6417:
6410:
6403:
6396:
6389:
6382:
6370:
6363:
6356:
6349:
6342:
6330:
6322:
6315:
6308:
6301:
6294:
6287:
6280:
6268:
6261:
6254:
6247:
6232:
6212:
6205:
6198:
6191:
6184:
6173:
6158:
6151:
6144:
6139:
6130:
6123:
6116:
6107:
6100:
6093:
6091:Nanjing Massacre
6086:
6079:
6070:
6068:Nuremberg trials
6061:
6054:
6047:
6040:
6033:
6026:
6017:
6010:
6003:
5996:
5976:
5969:
5962:
5953:
5946:
5939:
5932:
5925:
5918:
5909:
5900:
5893:
5886:
5879:
5870:
5863:
5856:
5849:
5842:
5835:
5828:
5821:
5801:
5792:
5785:
5778:
5769:
5762:
5755:
5748:
5739:
5732:
5725:
5716:
5709:
5702:
5695:
5688:
5681:
5674:
5672:Asia and Pacific
5654:
5647:
5640:
5633:
5626:
5619:
5612:
5603:
5601:Mulberry harbour
5596:
5589:
5582:
5575:
5568:
5561:
5554:
5547:
5538:
5531:
5524:
5515:
5508:
5501:
5494:
5487:
5480:
5473:
5466:
5459:
5452:
5443:
5436:
5421:
5409:
5402:
5393:
5386:
5379:
5372:
5365:
5358:
5351:
5330:
5323:
5316:
5307:
5281:
5206:
5103:Allied Singapore
5072:
4824:
4794:(Czechoslovakia)
4583:Zürich and Basel
4443:Rotterdam (Axis)
4408:Amsterdam (Axis)
3806:
3690:
3685:European theatre
3650:Area bombardment
3632:
3625:
3618:
3609:
3604:
3602:
3600:
3580:
3578:
3576:
3558:
3556:
3554:
3549:on 3 August 1997
3508:
3495:Blankets of Fire
3489:
3470:Tillman, Barrett
3465:
3446:
3427:
3415:
3404:
3385:
3368:
3347:
3328:
3309:
3287:
3265:
3248:
3227:
3201:
3182:
3163:
3142:
3123:
3102:
3083:
3074:
3055:
3034:
3018:
3007:
2991:
2980:
2943:
2922:
2910:
2899:
2878:
2869:
2850:
2829:
2802:
2796:
2790:
2784:
2778:
2775:Hillenbrand 2010
2772:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2752:. Archived from
2742:
2736:
2730:
2724:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2695:
2678:
2669:
2668:
2659:
2653:
2650:Hillenbrand 2010
2647:
2641:
2638:Hillenbrand 2010
2635:
2626:
2623:Hillenbrand 2010
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2609:
2590:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2579:
2574:on 9 August 2015
2568:Mainichi Shimbun
2560:
2554:
2553:
2551:
2549:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2515:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2483:
2481:
2458:
2452:
2441:Aukema Justin, "
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2428:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2387:
2381:
2375:
2369:
2339:
2333:
2327:
2321:
2318:Conway-Lanz 2006
2315:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2261:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2229:
2220:
2214:
2208:
2202:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2191:
2175:
2169:
2168:
2166:
2164:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2129:. Archived from
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2086:
2080:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2062:. Archived from
2051:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2032:, archived from
2017:
2011:
2010:
2000:
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1959:. Archived from
1948:
1942:
1936:
1930:
1924:
1918:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1831:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1817:. Archived from
1811:
1805:
1799:
1793:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1738:
1732:
1723:
1714:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1682:
1652:Kingman, Arizona
1586:, launched from
1584:312th Bomb Group
1571:eighty planes."
1377:Postwar recovery
1364:Donald L. Miller
1181:incendiary bombs
1173:Japanese Village
1134:strategic bomber
971:launched by the
967:was a series of
966:
964:
958:
957:
912:Manchuria (1945)
767:Aleutian Islands
617:Indochina (1945)
587:Indochina (1940)
573:2nd Indian Ocean
556:1st Indian Ocean
551:Christmas Island
456:
446:
439:
432:
423:
190:
176:
169:
162:
153:
146:
142:
140:
139:
128:
126:
125:
88:
87:
80:firebomb assault
73:
52:Bombing of Tokyo
49:
21:
8688:
8687:
8683:
8682:
8681:
8679:
8678:
8677:
8668:1940s conflicts
8643:
8642:
8634:35.683; 139.767
8633:
8631:
8627:
8624:
8619:
8616:
8614:
8612:
8611:
8609:
8604:
8597:
8590:
8576:
8574:
8562:
8553:
8546:
8539:
8532:
8523:
8516:
8509:
8500:
8495:Atomic bombings
8493:
8486:
8479:
8472:
8465:
8456:
8449:
8442:
8435:
8428:
8421:
8414:
8407:
8400:
8393:
8386:
8379:
8372:
8365:
8358:
8351:
8338:
8331:
8320:
8313:
8306:
8297:
8290:
8283:
8276:
8269:
8262:
8253:
8244:
8237:
8228:
8221:
8214:
8207:
8198:
8191:
8186:Eastern Romania
8184:
8179:Warsaw Uprising
8177:
8172:Tannenberg Line
8170:
8163:
8158:Western Ukraine
8156:
8147:
8140:
8131:
8122:
8113:
8106:
8099:
8088:
8079:
8066:
8059:
8050:
8043:
8036:
8029:
8022:
8015:
8008:
7999:
7992:
7985:
7976:
7969:
7962:
7955:
7950:Battle of Kursk
7948:
7941:
7934:
7927:
7920:
7907:
7900:
7891:
7884:
7877:
7868:
7861:
7854:
7847:
7840:
7831:
7822:
7815:
7808:
7801:
7794:
7787:
7780:
7773:
7766:
7759:
7754:St Nazaire Raid
7752:
7745:
7738:
7725:
7718:
7711:
7704:
7697:
7690:
7683:
7676:
7669:
7662:
7655:
7648:
7641:
7634:
7627:
7620:
7613:
7606:
7599:
7592:
7578:
7569:
7562:
7555:
7548:
7541:
7536:Anglo-Iraqi War
7534:
7527:Battle of Crete
7525:
7518:
7511:
7504:
7497:
7484:
7475:
7468:
7461:
7456:Eastern Romania
7454:
7447:
7440:
7433:
7426:
7419:
7412:
7405:
7398:
7391:
7384:
7377:
7370:
7363:
7356:
7349:
7336:
7329:
7322:
7315:
7308:
7301:
7294:
7287:
7274:
7265:
7258:
7251:
7244:
7237:
7230:
7221:
7214:
7207:
7198:
7191:
7165:
7158:
7151:
7142:
7135:
7130:
7121:
7114:
7107:
7098:
7091:
7082:
7075:
7070:
7063:
7050:
7043:
7034:
7027:
7022:
7017:Western Ukraine
7015:
7008:
7001:
6994:
6987:
6980:
6973:
6966:
6961:Northeast China
6959:
6952:
6945:
6938:
6931:
6924:
6915:
6908:
6901:
6894:
6887:
6880:
6873:
6866:
6859:
6852:
6845:
6838:
6831:
6824:
6817:
6810:
6803:
6796:
6789:
6776:
6769:
6762:
6755:
6748:
6741:
6734:
6727:
6720:
6713:
6706:
6699:
6686:
6679:
6672:
6665:
6660:Slovak Republic
6658:
6650:
6643:
6636:
6631:Empire of Japan
6629:
6620:
6612:
6605:
6598:
6591:
6584:
6577:
6569:
6562:
6555:
6547:
6540:
6527:
6520:
6511:
6504:
6495:
6488:
6481:
6474:
6467:
6460:
6453:
6441:
6434:
6427:
6420:
6413:
6406:
6399:
6392:
6385:
6373:
6366:
6359:
6352:
6345:
6333:
6325:
6318:
6311:
6304:
6297:
6290:
6283:
6271:
6264:
6257:
6250:
6243:
6217:
6208:
6201:
6194:
6187:
6176:
6161:
6154:
6147:
6143:Sexual violence
6142:
6135:
6126:
6119:
6112:
6103:
6096:
6089:
6082:
6075:
6066:
6057:
6050:
6043:
6036:
6029:
6022:
6013:
6006:
5999:
5992:
5979:
5972:
5965:
5958:
5949:
5942:
5935:
5928:
5921:
5912:
5903:
5896:
5889:
5882:
5873:
5866:
5861:Greek Civil War
5859:
5852:
5845:
5838:
5831:
5824:
5817:
5804:
5797:
5788:
5781:
5774:
5765:
5758:
5751:
5744:
5735:
5728:
5721:
5712:
5705:
5698:
5691:
5686:South-East Asia
5684:
5677:
5670:
5657:
5650:
5643:
5636:
5629:
5622:
5615:
5608:
5599:
5592:
5585:
5578:
5571:
5564:
5557:
5550:
5545:Military awards
5543:
5534:
5527:
5520:
5511:
5504:
5497:
5490:
5483:
5476:
5469:
5462:
5455:
5448:
5439:
5432:
5412:
5405:
5398:
5389:
5382:
5375:
5370:
5361:
5354:
5347:
5339:
5334:
5304:
5295:
5266:
5235:
5200:
5189:
5154:
5133:
5112:
5087:
5070:
4907:
4886:
4850:
4809:
4768:
4732:
4593:
4587:
4561:
4530:
4504:
4478:
4457:
4396:
4342:Reggio Calabria
4220:
4195:
3976:Friedrichshafen
3966:Freiburg (Axis)
3864:
3811:
3797:
3766:
3745:
3714:
3710:Wiener Neustadt
3679:
3641:
3636:
3598:
3596:
3583:
3574:
3572:
3562:
3552:
3550:
3536:
3515:
3505:
3497:. Smithsonian.
3492:
3486:
3468:
3462:
3449:
3432:
3424:
3407:
3401:
3388:
3371:
3365:
3350:
3344:
3331:
3325:
3312:
3306:
3292:Grayling, A. C.
3290:
3284:
3268:
3251:
3245:
3230:
3224:
3211:
3208:
3206:Further reading
3198:
3185:
3179:
3166:
3160:
3145:
3139:
3126:
3120:
3105:
3099:
3086:
3077:
3071:
3058:
3052:
3037:
3031:
3010:
3004:
2983:
2946:
2940:
2925:
2919:
2902:
2896:
2881:
2872:
2866:
2853:
2847:
2832:
2826:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2797:
2793:
2785:
2781:
2773:
2769:
2759:
2757:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2731:
2727:
2719:
2715:
2707:
2698:
2692:Wayback Machine
2679:
2672:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2648:
2644:
2636:
2629:
2621:
2617:
2607:
2605:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2547:
2545:
2544:on 11 June 2013
2528:
2527:
2523:
2513:
2511:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2479:
2477:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2440:
2436:
2426:
2424:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2398:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2376:
2372:
2362:Iwanami Shinsho
2346:Wayback Machine
2340:
2336:
2328:
2324:
2316:
2312:
2304:
2300:
2292:
2288:
2280:
2276:
2268:
2264:
2256:
2252:
2242:
2240:
2231:
2230:
2223:
2215:
2211:
2203:
2199:
2189:
2187:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2162:
2160:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2136:
2134:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2099:
2097:
2088:
2087:
2083:
2075:
2071:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2039:
2037:
2036:on 2 March 2012
2019:
2018:
2014:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1980:
1976:
1966:
1964:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1937:
1933:
1925:
1921:
1913:
1909:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1878:
1874:
1864:
1862:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1834:
1824:
1822:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1800:
1796:
1788:
1784:
1774:
1772:
1771:. ABC Australia
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1724:
1717:
1708:
1704:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1672:
1660:
1654:after the war.
1588:Yontan Airfield
1556:
1488:
1483:
1475:humanitarianism
1459:
1432:Yokoamicho Park
1405:
1379:
1308:
1280:
1207:
1201:
1111:
1064:
1058:
1035:Mariana Islands
977:Pacific Theatre
952:
943:
942:
941:
936:
928:
840:Mariana Islands
713:Solomon Islands
682:Burma (1944–45)
672:Burma (1942–43)
667:Burma (1941–42)
660:Burma and India
592:Franco-Thai War
539:Andaman Islands
466:Central Pacific
457:
452:
450:
420:
415:
401:
365:Mariana Islands
306:
226:
191:
182:
180:
137:
135:
134:
123:
121:
107:
94:1942, 1944–1945
74:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
8686:
8684:
8676:
8675:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8645:
8644:
8606:
8605:
8603:
8602:
8595:
8588:
8571:
8568:
8567:
8564:
8563:
8561:
8560:
8559:
8558:
8551:
8544:
8530:
8529:
8528:
8514:
8511:South Sakhalin
8507:
8506:
8505:
8491:
8484:
8477:
8470:
8463:
8462:
8461:
8447:
8440:
8433:
8426:
8419:
8412:
8405:
8398:
8391:
8384:
8377:
8370:
8363:
8356:
8348:
8346:
8340:
8339:
8337:
8336:
8329:
8328:
8327:
8311:
8304:
8303:
8302:
8288:
8281:
8274:
8267:
8260:
8251:
8242:
8235:
8226:
8219:
8212:
8205:
8196:
8189:
8182:
8175:
8168:
8161:
8154:
8145:
8138:
8129:
8120:
8111:
8104:
8097:
8086:
8076:
8074:
8068:
8067:
8065:
8064:
8057:
8056:
8055:
8048:
8034:
8027:
8020:
8013:
8006:
8005:
8004:
7990:
7983:
7974:
7967:
7960:
7953:
7946:
7939:
7936:Battle of Attu
7932:
7925:
7917:
7915:
7909:
7908:
7906:
7905:
7898:
7889:
7882:
7875:
7866:
7859:
7852:
7845:
7838:
7829:
7828:
7827:
7820:
7806:
7799:
7792:
7785:
7778:
7771:
7764:
7757:
7750:
7743:
7735:
7733:
7727:
7726:
7724:
7723:
7716:
7709:
7702:
7695:
7688:
7681:
7678:Battle of Guam
7674:
7667:
7660:
7653:
7646:
7639:
7632:
7625:
7618:
7611:
7604:
7601:Battle of Kiev
7597:
7590:
7576:
7575:
7574:
7560:
7553:
7546:
7539:
7532:
7531:
7530:
7516:
7509:
7502:
7494:
7492:
7486:
7485:
7483:
7482:
7473:
7466:
7459:
7452:
7445:
7438:
7431:
7424:
7417:
7410:
7403:
7396:
7389:
7382:
7375:
7368:
7361:
7354:
7346:
7344:
7338:
7337:
7335:
7334:
7327:
7320:
7313:
7306:
7299:
7292:
7284:
7282:
7276:
7275:
7273:
7272:
7271:
7270:
7263:
7256:
7249:
7242:
7228:
7227:
7226:
7219:
7205:
7204:
7203:
7188:
7186:
7177:
7171:
7170:
7167:
7166:
7164:
7163:
7156:
7149:
7148:
7147:
7140:
7128:
7127:
7126:
7112:
7105:
7104:
7103:
7100:United Kingdom
7096:
7089:
7088:
7087:
7068:
7060:
7058:
7052:
7051:
7049:
7048:
7041:
7040:
7039:
7032:
7020:
7013:
7006:
6999:
6992:
6985:
6978:
6971:
6964:
6957:
6950:
6943:
6936:
6929:
6922:
6921:
6920:
6913:
6899:
6892:
6885:
6878:
6871:
6864:
6857:
6850:
6843:
6836:
6829:
6822:
6815:
6808:
6801:
6794:
6786:
6784:
6778:
6777:
6775:
6774:
6767:
6760:
6753:
6746:
6739:
6732:
6725:
6718:
6711:
6704:
6696:
6694:
6688:
6687:
6685:
6684:
6677:
6670:
6663:
6656:
6648:
6641:
6634:
6627:
6626:
6625:
6610:
6603:
6596:
6589:
6582:
6575:
6567:
6560:
6553:
6545:
6537:
6535:
6529:
6528:
6526:
6525:
6518:
6517:
6516:
6502:
6501:
6500:
6497:British Empire
6490:United Kingdom
6486:
6479:
6472:
6465:
6458:
6451:
6439:
6432:
6425:
6418:
6411:
6404:
6397:
6390:
6383:
6371:
6364:
6357:
6350:
6343:
6331:
6323:
6316:
6309:
6306:Czechoslovakia
6302:
6295:
6288:
6281:
6269:
6262:
6255:
6248:
6240:
6238:
6229:
6223:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6213:
6206:
6203:Rape of Manila
6199:
6192:
6185:
6174:
6159:
6152:
6140:
6133:
6132:
6131:
6124:
6110:
6109:
6108:
6101:
6094:
6080:
6073:
6072:
6071:
6064:
6063:
6062:
6055:
6041:
6034:
6020:
6019:
6018:
6011:
6004:
5989:
5987:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5977:
5974:United Nations
5970:
5963:
5956:
5955:
5954:
5947:
5940:
5933:
5919:
5910:
5901:
5894:
5887:
5880:
5871:
5864:
5857:
5850:
5843:
5836:
5833:Decolonization
5829:
5822:
5814:
5812:
5806:
5805:
5803:
5802:
5795:
5794:
5793:
5779:
5772:
5771:
5770:
5763:
5756:
5742:
5741:
5740:
5733:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5710:
5703:
5696:
5689:
5682:
5667:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5655:
5648:
5641:
5634:
5627:
5620:
5613:
5606:
5605:
5604:
5597:
5583:
5576:
5569:
5562:
5555:
5548:
5541:
5540:
5539:
5525:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5509:
5506:United Kingdom
5502:
5488:
5481:
5474:
5467:
5460:
5453:
5446:
5445:
5444:
5429:
5427:
5418:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5403:
5396:
5395:
5394:
5387:
5380:
5368:
5367:
5366:
5352:
5344:
5341:
5340:
5335:
5333:
5332:
5325:
5318:
5310:
5301:
5300:
5297:
5296:
5294:
5293:
5287:
5285:
5278:
5272:
5271:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5243:
5241:
5237:
5236:
5234:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5212:
5210:
5203:
5195:
5194:
5191:
5190:
5188:
5187:
5181:
5175:
5169:
5162:
5160:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5141:
5139:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5131:
5126:
5120:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5108:Axis Singapore
5105:
5099:
5097:
5093:
5092:
5089:
5088:
5086:
5085:
5078:
5076:
5069:
5068:
5063:
5062:
5061:
5051:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4900:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4885:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4858:
4856:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4846:
4844:Allied Rangoon
4841:
4834:Burma campaign
4830:
4828:
4821:
4815:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4807:
4801:
4795:
4789:
4783:
4776:
4774:
4770:
4769:
4767:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4755:
4754:
4749:
4740:
4738:
4734:
4733:
4731:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4688:
4683:
4678:
4673:
4668:
4663:
4658:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4633:
4628:
4623:
4618:
4608:
4606:Baedeker Blitz
4603:
4597:
4595:
4589:
4588:
4586:
4585:
4580:
4578:Stein am Rhein
4575:
4569:
4567:
4563:
4562:
4560:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4538:
4536:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4528:
4523:
4518:
4512:
4510:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4502:
4497:
4492:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4476:
4471:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4458:
4456:
4455:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4364:
4359:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4319:
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4207:
4205:
4201:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4026:Kaiserslautern
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3865:
3863:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3816:
3814:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3774:
3772:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3764:
3759:
3753:
3751:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3696:
3694:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3646:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3581:
3560:
3534:
3528:
3522:
3514:
3513:External links
3511:
3510:
3509:
3503:
3490:
3484:
3466:
3460:
3447:
3429:
3428:
3422:
3405:
3399:
3386:
3369:
3363:
3348:
3342:
3336:. Jove Pubns.
3329:
3323:
3310:
3304:
3288:
3282:
3266:
3249:
3243:
3228:
3222:
3207:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3196:
3183:
3177:
3164:
3158:
3143:
3137:
3124:
3118:
3103:
3097:
3084:
3075:
3069:
3056:
3050:
3035:
3029:
3008:
3002:
2981:
2955:(4): 521–537.
2944:
2938:
2923:
2917:
2900:
2894:
2879:
2870:
2864:
2851:
2845:
2830:
2824:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2803:
2791:
2779:
2767:
2750:Pacific Wrecks
2737:
2725:
2713:
2711:, p. 154.
2696:
2670:
2654:
2652:, p. 274.
2642:
2640:, p. 263.
2627:
2615:
2585:
2555:
2521:
2487:
2453:
2434:
2408:
2382:
2370:
2334:
2322:
2310:
2308:, p. 140.
2298:
2296:, p. 456.
2286:
2284:, p. 141.
2274:
2262:
2260:, p. 599.
2250:
2221:
2209:
2197:
2170:
2144:
2107:
2081:
2079:, p. 314.
2069:
2046:
2012:
1986:
1974:
1963:on 2 June 2017
1943:
1931:
1919:
1917:, p. 322.
1907:
1884:
1882:, p. 279.
1872:
1844:
1842:, p. 698.
1832:
1806:
1804:, p. 126.
1794:
1792:, p. 115.
1782:
1759:
1733:
1715:
1702:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1614:Sadamu Komachi
1566:, escorted by
1555:
1552:
1551:
1550:
1547:
1544:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1524:
1521:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1502:
1499:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1458:
1455:
1404:
1401:
1378:
1375:
1329:Richard Rhodes
1307:
1304:
1279:
1276:
1203:Main article:
1200:
1197:
1110:
1107:
1072:B-25 Mitchells
1068:Doolittle Raid
1062:Doolittle Raid
1060:Main article:
1057:
1056:Doolittle Raid
1054:
1012:Doolittle Raid
938:
937:
927:
926:
921:
920:
919:
909:
901:
900:
894:
893:
888:
881:
880:
879:
869:
867:South Sakhalin
864:
859:
854:
847:
842:
837:
836:
835:
830:
825:
820:
809:
808:
802:
801:
794:
789:
784:
779:
774:
769:
764:
758:
757:
751:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
710:
703:
698:
692:
691:
685:
684:
679:
674:
669:
663:
662:
656:
655:
650:
643:
636:
629:
624:
622:Malacca Strait
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
583:
582:
580:Southeast Asia
576:
575:
570:
565:
564:
563:
553:
548:
547:
546:
536:
530:
529:
523:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
490:Doolittle Raid
487:
480:
475:
469:
468:
462:
459:
458:
451:
449:
448:
441:
434:
426:
417:
416:
414:
413:
408:
399:
394:
392:South Sakhalin
389:
384:
379:
372:
367:
361:
360:
356:
355:
350:
345:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
274:
269:
264:
259:
254:
249:
244:
239:
238:
237:
224:
219:
214:
209:
207:Doolittle Raid
203:
202:
196:
193:
192:
184:Japan campaign
181:
179:
178:
171:
164:
156:
148:
147:
132:
118:
117:
113:
112:
109:
108:
102:
100:
96:
95:
92:
84:
83:
82:, 26 May 1945.
66:
65:
54:
53:
47:
46:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8685:
8674:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8651:
8650:
8648:
8641:
8638:
8600:
8596:
8593:
8589:
8586:
8585:
8580:
8573:
8572:
8569:
8556:
8552:
8549:
8545:
8542:
8538:
8537:
8535:
8531:
8526:
8522:
8521:
8519:
8518:Kuril Islands
8515:
8512:
8508:
8503:
8499:
8498:
8496:
8492:
8489:
8485:
8482:
8478:
8475:
8471:
8468:
8464:
8459:
8455:
8454:
8452:
8448:
8445:
8441:
8438:
8434:
8431:
8427:
8424:
8420:
8417:
8413:
8410:
8406:
8403:
8399:
8396:
8392:
8389:
8385:
8382:
8378:
8375:
8371:
8368:
8364:
8361:
8357:
8354:
8350:
8349:
8347:
8345:
8341:
8334:
8330:
8325:
8324:
8319:
8318:
8316:
8312:
8309:
8305:
8300:
8296:
8295:
8293:
8289:
8286:
8285:Syrmian Front
8282:
8279:
8275:
8272:
8268:
8265:
8261:
8258:
8257:
8252:
8249:
8248:
8243:
8240:
8236:
8233:
8232:
8231:Market Garden
8227:
8224:
8220:
8217:
8213:
8210:
8206:
8203:
8202:
8197:
8194:
8190:
8187:
8183:
8180:
8176:
8173:
8169:
8166:
8162:
8159:
8155:
8152:
8151:
8146:
8143:
8139:
8136:
8135:
8130:
8127:
8126:
8121:
8118:
8117:
8112:
8109:
8105:
8102:
8098:
8095:
8091:
8090:Monte Cassino
8087:
8084:
8083:
8078:
8077:
8075:
8073:
8069:
8062:
8058:
8053:
8049:
8046:
8042:
8041:
8039:
8035:
8032:
8028:
8025:
8021:
8018:
8014:
8011:
8007:
8002:
7998:
7997:
7995:
7991:
7988:
7984:
7981:
7980:
7975:
7972:
7968:
7965:
7961:
7958:
7954:
7951:
7947:
7944:
7940:
7937:
7933:
7930:
7926:
7923:
7919:
7918:
7916:
7914:
7910:
7903:
7899:
7896:
7895:
7890:
7887:
7883:
7880:
7876:
7873:
7872:
7867:
7864:
7860:
7857:
7853:
7850:
7846:
7843:
7839:
7836:
7835:
7830:
7825:
7821:
7818:
7814:
7813:
7811:
7807:
7804:
7800:
7797:
7793:
7790:
7786:
7783:
7779:
7776:
7772:
7769:
7765:
7762:
7758:
7755:
7751:
7748:
7744:
7741:
7737:
7736:
7734:
7732:
7728:
7721:
7717:
7714:
7710:
7707:
7703:
7700:
7696:
7693:
7689:
7686:
7682:
7679:
7675:
7672:
7668:
7665:
7661:
7658:
7654:
7651:
7647:
7644:
7640:
7637:
7633:
7630:
7626:
7623:
7619:
7616:
7612:
7609:
7605:
7602:
7598:
7595:
7591:
7587:
7586:
7581:
7577:
7572:
7568:
7567:
7565:
7561:
7558:
7554:
7551:
7547:
7544:
7540:
7537:
7533:
7528:
7524:
7523:
7521:
7517:
7514:
7510:
7507:
7503:
7500:
7496:
7495:
7493:
7491:
7487:
7480:
7479:
7474:
7471:
7467:
7464:
7460:
7457:
7453:
7450:
7449:Baltic states
7446:
7443:
7439:
7436:
7432:
7429:
7425:
7422:
7418:
7415:
7411:
7408:
7404:
7401:
7397:
7394:
7390:
7387:
7383:
7380:
7376:
7373:
7369:
7366:
7362:
7359:
7355:
7352:
7348:
7347:
7345:
7343:
7339:
7332:
7328:
7325:
7321:
7318:
7314:
7311:
7307:
7304:
7300:
7297:
7293:
7290:
7286:
7285:
7283:
7281:
7277:
7268:
7264:
7261:
7257:
7254:
7250:
7247:
7243:
7240:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7229:
7224:
7220:
7217:
7213:
7212:
7210:
7206:
7201:
7197:
7196:
7194:
7190:
7189:
7187:
7185:
7181:
7178:
7176:
7172:
7161:
7157:
7154:
7150:
7145:
7141:
7138:
7134:
7133:
7129:
7124:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7113:
7110:
7106:
7101:
7097:
7094:
7093:United States
7090:
7085:
7081:
7080:
7078:
7074:
7073:
7069:
7066:
7062:
7061:
7059:
7057:
7053:
7046:
7042:
7037:
7033:
7030:
7029:Quốc dân Đảng
7026:
7025:
7021:
7018:
7014:
7011:
7007:
7004:
7000:
6997:
6993:
6990:
6986:
6983:
6979:
6976:
6972:
6969:
6965:
6962:
6958:
6955:
6951:
6948:
6944:
6941:
6937:
6934:
6930:
6927:
6923:
6918:
6914:
6911:
6907:
6906:
6904:
6900:
6897:
6893:
6890:
6886:
6883:
6879:
6876:
6872:
6869:
6865:
6862:
6858:
6855:
6851:
6848:
6844:
6841:
6837:
6834:
6830:
6827:
6823:
6820:
6816:
6813:
6809:
6806:
6802:
6799:
6795:
6792:
6788:
6787:
6785:
6783:
6779:
6772:
6768:
6765:
6761:
6758:
6754:
6751:
6747:
6744:
6740:
6737:
6733:
6730:
6729:Liechtenstein
6726:
6723:
6719:
6716:
6712:
6709:
6705:
6702:
6698:
6697:
6695:
6693:
6689:
6682:
6681:Collaboration
6678:
6675:
6671:
6668:
6664:
6661:
6657:
6653:
6649:
6646:
6642:
6639:
6635:
6632:
6628:
6623:
6619:
6618:
6615:
6611:
6608:
6604:
6601:
6597:
6594:
6590:
6587:
6583:
6580:
6576:
6572:
6568:
6565:
6561:
6558:
6554:
6550:
6546:
6543:
6539:
6538:
6536:
6534:
6530:
6523:
6519:
6514:
6510:
6509:
6507:
6506:United States
6503:
6498:
6494:
6493:
6491:
6487:
6484:
6480:
6477:
6473:
6470:
6466:
6463:
6459:
6456:
6452:
6448:
6444:
6440:
6437:
6433:
6430:
6426:
6423:
6419:
6416:
6412:
6409:
6405:
6402:
6398:
6395:
6391:
6388:
6384:
6380:
6376:
6372:
6369:
6365:
6362:
6358:
6355:
6351:
6348:
6344:
6340:
6336:
6332:
6328:
6324:
6321:
6317:
6314:
6310:
6307:
6303:
6300:
6296:
6293:
6289:
6286:
6282:
6278:
6274:
6270:
6267:
6263:
6260:
6256:
6253:
6249:
6246:
6242:
6241:
6239:
6237:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6224:
6211:
6207:
6204:
6200:
6197:
6196:Comfort women
6193:
6190:
6186:
6183:
6180: /
6179:
6175:
6172:
6169: /
6168:
6165: /
6164:
6160:
6157:
6156:Camp brothels
6153:
6150:
6146:
6145:
6141:
6138:
6134:
6129:
6125:
6122:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6111:
6106:
6102:
6099:
6095:
6092:
6088:
6087:
6085:
6081:
6078:
6074:
6069:
6065:
6060:
6056:
6053:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6045:The Holocaust
6042:
6039:
6035:
6032:
6031:forced labour
6028:
6027:
6025:
6021:
6016:
6012:
6009:
6005:
6002:
5998:
5997:
5995:
5991:
5990:
5988:
5986:
5982:
5975:
5971:
5968:
5964:
5961:
5957:
5952:
5948:
5945:
5941:
5938:
5934:
5931:
5927:
5926:
5924:
5920:
5917:
5916:
5911:
5908:
5907:
5902:
5899:
5895:
5892:
5888:
5885:
5884:Marshall Plan
5881:
5878:
5877:
5872:
5869:
5865:
5862:
5858:
5855:
5851:
5848:
5844:
5841:
5837:
5834:
5830:
5827:
5823:
5820:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5811:
5807:
5800:
5796:
5791:
5787:
5786:
5784:
5780:
5777:
5773:
5768:
5764:
5761:
5757:
5754:
5750:
5749:
5747:
5743:
5738:
5737:Eastern Front
5734:
5731:
5730:Western Front
5727:
5726:
5724:
5720:
5715:
5711:
5708:
5704:
5701:
5697:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5683:
5680:
5676:
5675:
5673:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5653:
5649:
5646:
5642:
5639:
5635:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5624:Puppet states
5621:
5618:
5614:
5611:
5607:
5602:
5598:
5595:
5591:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5581:
5577:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5566:Naval history
5563:
5560:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5546:
5542:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5530:
5526:
5523:
5519:
5514:
5513:United States
5510:
5507:
5503:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5489:
5486:
5482:
5479:
5475:
5472:
5468:
5465:
5461:
5458:
5454:
5451:
5447:
5442:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5431:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5422:
5419:
5415:
5408:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5392:
5388:
5385:
5381:
5378:
5374:
5373:
5369:
5364:
5360:
5359:
5357:
5353:
5350:
5346:
5345:
5342:
5338:
5331:
5326:
5324:
5319:
5317:
5312:
5311:
5308:
5292:
5289:
5288:
5286:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5273:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5213:
5211:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5196:
5186:(Philippines)
5185:
5182:
5179:
5176:
5173:
5170:
5167:
5164:
5163:
5161:
5157:
5151:
5148:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5140:
5138:United States
5136:
5130:
5127:
5125:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5115:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5083:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5073:
5067:
5064:
5060:
5057:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5050:
5047:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5037:
5034:
5033:10 March 1945
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4895:
4893:
4889:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4853:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4836:
4835:
4832:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4816:
4805:
4802:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4775:
4771:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4753:
4750:
4748:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4739:
4735:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4613:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4596:
4590:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4576:
4574:
4571:
4570:
4568:
4564:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4533:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4513:
4511:
4507:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4487:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4460:
4454:
4451:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4229:
4227:
4223:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4208:
4206:
4202:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4181:Wilhelmshaven
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3873:
3871:
3867:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3850:Gelsenkirchen
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3775:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3717:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3697:
3695:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3682:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3647:
3644:
3640:
3633:
3628:
3626:
3621:
3619:
3614:
3613:
3610:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3582:
3570:
3566:
3561:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3535:
3532:
3529:
3526:
3523:
3520:
3517:
3516:
3512:
3506:
3504:1-56098-871-1
3500:
3496:
3491:
3487:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3461:0-7679-0778-7
3457:
3453:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3431:
3430:
3425:
3423:0-7613-1810-0
3419:
3414:
3413:
3406:
3402:
3400:0-07-037164-4
3396:
3392:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3376:. Doubleday.
3375:
3370:
3366:
3364:1-56833-149-5
3360:
3356:
3355:
3349:
3345:
3343:0-86721-223-3
3339:
3335:
3330:
3326:
3324:0-9768712-0-3
3320:
3316:
3311:
3307:
3301:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3283:0-14-100146-1
3279:
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3250:
3246:
3244:0-517-55188-8
3240:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3225:
3223:0-553-29926-3
3219:
3215:
3210:
3209:
3205:
3199:
3197:0-585-45322-5
3193:
3190:. Routledge.
3189:
3184:
3180:
3178:0-415-35422-6
3174:
3170:
3165:
3161:
3155:
3151:
3150:
3144:
3140:
3138:0-415-97829-7
3134:
3130:
3125:
3121:
3115:
3112:. iUniverse.
3111:
3110:
3104:
3100:
3098:0-684-81378-5
3094:
3090:
3085:
3081:
3076:
3072:
3070:1-57488-836-6
3066:
3062:
3057:
3053:
3051:0-525-94610-1
3047:
3043:
3042:
3036:
3032:
3030:9780743227186
3026:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3009:
3005:
3003:9780679727576
2999:
2995:
2990:
2989:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2945:
2941:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2924:
2920:
2914:
2909:
2908:
2901:
2897:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2865:0-415-97829-7
2861:
2857:
2852:
2848:
2846:9781563114830
2842:
2838:
2837:
2831:
2827:
2821:
2817:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2800:
2795:
2792:
2788:
2783:
2780:
2776:
2771:
2768:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2741:
2738:
2735:, p. 24.
2734:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2717:
2714:
2710:
2709:Sloggett 2013
2705:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2666:
2665:
2658:
2655:
2651:
2646:
2643:
2639:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2619:
2616:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2589:
2586:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2491:
2488:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2438:
2435:
2422:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2397:(in Japanese)
2396:
2392:
2386:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2335:
2331:
2330:Sorensen 2004
2326:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2311:
2307:
2302:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2266:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2251:
2239:
2235:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2219:, p. 38.
2218:
2213:
2210:
2206:
2201:
2198:
2185:
2181:
2174:
2171:
2159:
2155:
2148:
2145:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2111:
2108:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2073:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2050:
2047:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2013:
2008:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1987:
1983:
1978:
1975:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1940:
1935:
1932:
1929:, p. 33.
1928:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1873:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1845:
1841:
1836:
1833:
1820:
1816:
1810:
1807:
1803:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1783:
1770:
1763:
1760:
1748:
1744:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1729:
1722:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1669:
1665:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1548:
1545:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1528:
1525:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1476:
1472:
1467:
1465:
1464:Supreme Court
1456:
1454:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1393:
1383:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1360:Gabriel Kolko
1355:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1339:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1321:
1312:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1284:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1252:conflagration
1249:
1246:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1123:
1115:
1108:
1106:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1055:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1001:
997:
992:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
970:
963:
951:
950:
935:
934:
933:
925:
922:
918:
915:
914:
913:
910:
908:
907:
903:
902:
899:
896:
895:
892:
889:
887:
886:
882:
878:
875:
874:
873:
872:Kuril Islands
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
852:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
815:
814:
811:
810:
807:
804:
803:
800:
799:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
778:
775:
773:
770:
768:
765:
763:
760:
759:
756:
755:North America
753:
752:
749:
748:Borneo (1945)
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
708:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
690:
687:
686:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
668:
665:
664:
661:
658:
657:
654:
651:
649:
648:
644:
642:
641:
637:
635:
634:
630:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
585:
584:
581:
578:
577:
574:
571:
569:
568:Bay of Bengal
566:
562:
559:
558:
557:
554:
552:
549:
545:
542:
541:
540:
537:
535:
532:
531:
528:
525:
524:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
485:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
470:
467:
464:
463:
460:
455:
447:
442:
440:
435:
433:
428:
427:
424:
412:
409:
407:
405:
400:
398:
397:Kuril Islands
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
377:
373:
371:
368:
366:
363:
362:
358:
357:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
275:
273:
270:
268:
265:
263:
260:
258:
255:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
236:
235:
231:
230:
229:
225:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
204:
201:
198:
197:
194:
189:
185:
177:
172:
170:
165:
163:
158:
157:
154:
145:
133:
131:
130:United States
120:
119:
114:
105:
101:
98:
97:
93:
90:
89:
85:
81:
78:
72:
67:
64:
60:
55:
50:
45:
41:
37:
33:
19:
8610:
8592:Bibliography
8575:
8388:Project Hula
8353:Vistula–Oder
8322:
8255:
8246:
8230:
8200:
8149:
8133:
8124:
8115:
8081:
7978:
7893:
7869:
7832:
7583:
7476:
7421:North Africa
7123:Soviet Union
7077:Soviet Union
7003:Soviet Union
6771:Vatican City
6674:Vichy France
6579:German Reich
6476:Soviet Union
6462:South Africa
6455:Sierra Leone
6408:Newfoundland
6227:Participants
6210:Marocchinate
5914:
5905:
5875:
5753:North Africa
5714:Indian Ocean
5573:Nazi plunder
5464:Cryptography
5337:World War II
5276:North Africa
5178:Kuala Lumpur
5159:Other cities
5145:Pearl Harbor
5028:
4773:Other cities
4573:Schaffhausen
4535:Soviet Union
4111:Obersalzberg
3911:Braunschweig
3886:Aschersleben
3869:Other cities
3597:. Retrieved
3592:
3573:. Retrieved
3568:
3551:. Retrieved
3547:the original
3542:
3494:
3474:
3454:. Broadway.
3451:
3434:
3411:
3390:
3373:
3353:
3333:
3314:
3295:
3273:
3253:
3233:
3213:
3187:
3168:
3148:
3128:
3108:
3088:
3079:
3060:
3040:
3014:
2987:
2952:
2948:
2928:
2906:
2884:
2874:
2855:
2835:
2815:
2808:Bibliography
2794:
2782:
2770:
2758:. Retrieved
2754:the original
2749:
2740:
2728:
2716:
2682:
2663:
2657:
2645:
2618:
2606:. Retrieved
2602:the original
2588:
2576:. Retrieved
2572:the original
2558:
2546:. Retrieved
2542:the original
2524:
2512:. Retrieved
2508:the original
2490:
2478:. Retrieved
2474:the original
2456:
2446:
2437:
2425:. Retrieved
2420:
2411:
2399:. Retrieved
2394:
2385:
2378:Karacas 2010
2373:
2361:
2337:
2325:
2320:, p. 1.
2313:
2301:
2289:
2277:
2265:
2253:
2241:. Retrieved
2237:
2217:Bradley 1999
2212:
2200:
2188:. Retrieved
2184:the original
2173:
2161:. Retrieved
2157:
2147:
2135:. Retrieved
2131:the original
2120:
2110:
2098:. Retrieved
2093:
2084:
2072:
2064:the original
2059:
2049:
2038:, retrieved
2034:the original
2025:
2015:
2007:the original
2002:
1989:
1982:Bradley 1999
1977:
1965:. Retrieved
1961:the original
1946:
1934:
1927:Bradley 1999
1922:
1915:Hopkins 2009
1910:
1901:
1897:
1887:
1875:
1863:. Retrieved
1853:
1847:
1835:
1823:. Retrieved
1819:the original
1809:
1797:
1790:Shapiro 2009
1785:
1773:. Retrieved
1762:
1750:. Retrieved
1747:The Atlantic
1746:
1736:
1727:
1710:
1705:
1696:
1690:
1647:
1638:
1630:
1618:Saburō Sakai
1592:Tokyo, Japan
1573:
1564:dive bombers
1562:, including
1557:
1537:Pumpkin bomb
1517:
1468:
1460:
1444:
1429:
1424:Taitō, Tokyo
1396:Joseph Dodge
1388:
1372:
1357:
1352:
1336:
1317:
1293:
1289:
1261:
1223:cluster bomb
1220:
1189:
1185:Curtis LeMay
1146:
1128:
1103:Soviet Union
1077:
1065:
1043:
1020:area bombing
1010:mounted the
1005:
993:
981:World War II
946:
944:
930:
929:
904:
884:
850:
817:
797:
792:Project Hula
777:Fort Stevens
706:
646:
639:
632:
520:Ocean Island
483:
473:Pearl Harbor
403:
375:
234:Meetinghouse
233:
227:
116:Belligerents
57:Part of the
44:
8632: /
8323:Bodenplatte
8209:Gothic Line
7428:West Africa
6975:Philippines
6954:Netherlands
6819:Czech lands
6757:Switzerland
6701:Afghanistan
6645:Philippines
6513:Puerto Rico
6429:Philippines
6415:New Zealand
6401:Netherlands
6354:Free France
6105:Prosecution
5906:Osoaviakhim
5776:West Africa
5760:East Africa
5407:Conferences
5240:Other areas
5201:Middle East
5174:(Sri Lanka)
4819:Pacific War
4721:Southampton
4636:Bournemouth
4566:Switzerland
4401:Netherlands
4232:Alessandria
4151:Schweinfurt
4146:Saarbrücken
3986:Halberstadt
3946:Dietzenbach
3891:Baden-Baden
3599:12 December
3575:12 December
3276:. Penguin.
2992:. pp.
2760:31 December
2733:Polmar 2004
2608:22 November
2578:22 November
2548:22 November
2514:22 November
2480:22 November
2448:Japan Times
2417:"東京空襲犠牲者名簿"
2282:Tipton 2002
2258:Rhodes 1984
2238:Japan Focus
2205:Sherry 1987
2060:Japan Focus
1865:20 February
1840:Beevor 2012
1436:Sumida Ward
1414:for 80,000
1368:Knox Burger
1338:Japan Focus
1333:Mark Selden
1046:firebombing
975:during the
962:Tōkyō kūshū
947:bombing of
917:Mutanchiang
738:New Britain
454:Pacific War
406:(cancelled)
188:Pacific War
63:Pacific War
61:during the
32:Pacific War
8647:Categories
8423:West Hunan
8256:Pointblank
7585:Silver Fox
7571:Summer War
7324:Winter War
7303:Phoney War
7084:Azerbaijan
7045:Yugoslavia
6940:Luxembourg
6782:Resistance
6522:Yugoslavia
6387:Luxembourg
6189:Sook Ching
5985:War crimes
5587:Technology
5580:Opposition
5522:Lend-Lease
5499:Australian
5492:Home front
5450:Blitzkrieg
5400:Casualties
5391:Commanders
5363:Operations
5180:(Malaysia)
5168:(Thailand)
5049:Utsunomiya
4800:(Bulgaria)
4737:Yugoslavia
4706:Nottingham
4696:Manchester
4631:Birmingham
4557:Stalingrad
4469:Hammerfest
4433:Middelburg
4126:Peenemünde
4101:Nordhausen
4046:Königsberg
4016:Hildesheim
3931:Crailsheim
3840:Düsseldorf
3731:Copenhagen
3553:3 November
3543:ABC Online
3443:B0006WCQ86
3382:B000NGPMSQ
3262:B0006PGEIQ
3044:. Dutton.
2683:March 1945
2538:Kyodo News
2504:Kyodo News
2470:Kyodo News
2306:Crane 1993
2270:Kolko 1990
1670:References
1471:Shinzō Abe
1248:city wards
1229:-carrying
1215:Nihonbashi
1169:jet stream
1109:B-29 raids
1018:and urban
862:Sagami Bay
851:Starvation
733:New Guinea
387:Sagami Bay
376:Starvation
308:Utsunomiya
8488:Manchuria
8374:Indochina
8150:Bagration
7594:Lithuania
7239:Anschluss
7036:Viet Minh
6933:Lithuania
6875:Hong Kong
6638:Manchukuo
6593:Azad Hind
6252:Australia
6052:Aftermath
5915:Paperclip
5810:Aftermath
5610:Total war
5478:Diplomacy
5441:In Europe
5291:Fort Lamy
5257:Gibraltar
5117:Australia
5096:Singapore
5066:Yokkaichi
5059:June 1944
5039:Toyohashi
4949:Hiratsuka
4944:Hamamatsu
4891:Indonesia
4872:Hong Kong
4867:Chongqing
4806:(Croatia)
4788:(Finland)
4782:(Ireland)
4759:Podgorica
4743:Belgrade
4716:Sheffield
4686:Liverpool
4656:Clydebank
4611:The Blitz
4547:Leningrad
4526:Timișoara
4516:Bucharest
4453:The Hague
4428:Enkhuizen
4418:Eindhoven
4247:Benevento
4166:Stuttgart
4161:Stralsund
4131:Pforzheim
4121:Paderborn
4116:Osnabrück
4106:Nuremberg
4076:Magdeburg
4031:Karlsruhe
4011:Heilbronn
3961:Frankfurt
3936:Darmstadt
3860:Wuppertal
3810:Battle of
3700:Innsbruck
3675:V-weapons
3665:Firestorm
2977:153372067
2721:Dorr 2012
1967:24 August
1698:homeless.
1648:42-108578
1639:42-108578
1631:42-108532
1403:Memorials
1366:, citing
1335:wrote in
1256:firestorm
1076:USS
1050:war crime
906:Kantokuen
813:Air raids
728:Australia
718:Coral Sea
612:Singapore
607:Hong Kong
323:Yokkaichi
313:Toyohashi
302:Hiratsuka
297:Hamamatsu
200:Air raids
8620:139°46′E
8599:Category
8548:document
8458:document
8315:Ardennes
8299:Budapest
8247:Crossbow
8125:Overlord
7964:Smolensk
7175:Timeline
7010:Slovakia
6996:Thailand
6847:Ethiopia
6812:Bulgaria
6736:Portugal
6667:Thailand
6549:Bulgaria
6327:Eswatini
6320:Ethiopia
6273:Bulgaria
6098:Unit 731
6059:Response
5876:Keelhaul
5826:Cold War
5799:Americas
5790:timeline
5783:Atlantic
5663:Theaters
5231:Tel Aviv
5150:Unalaska
5084:(Taiwan)
5075:Colonies
5044:Toyokawa
5024:Shizuoka
4969:Kumagaya
4903:Surabaya
4898:Sukabumi
4882:Shanghai
4839:Mandalay
4786:Helsinki
4764:Sarajevo
4711:Plymouth
4671:Greenock
4661:Coventry
4641:Brighton
4521:Ploiești
4438:Nijmegen
4423:Enschede
4297:Grosseto
4282:Frascati
4257:Cagliari
4211:Budapest
4191:Würzburg
4081:Mannheim
4066:Lüneburg
4006:Hannover
3926:Chemnitz
3881:Augsburg
3835:Duisburg
3830:Dortmund
3812:the Ruhr
3783:Le Havre
3587:(1986).
3472:(2010).
3294:(2007).
3272:(2001).
2907:Unbroken
2688:Archived
2421:東京都生活文化局
2190:8 August
2163:8 August
2137:8 August
2100:8 August
1825:25 March
1802:Ray 2003
1731:, p. 18.
1658:See also
1604:Yokosuka
1602:and the
1416:deceased
1412:Cenotaph
1394:such as
1296:Hirohito
1294:Emperor
1083:Yokohama
924:Chongjin
885:Downfall
823:Yokosuka
640:Tiderace
597:Thailand
404:Downfall
348:2nd Kure
343:Yokosuka
338:Kumagaya
333:Shizuoka
318:Toyokawa
257:1st Kure
99:Location
8617:35°41′N
8525:Shumshu
8292:Hungary
8239:Estonia
8223:Lapland
8201:Dragoon
8134:Neptune
8116:Ichi-Go
8082:Tempest
8024:Changde
7979:Cottage
7871:Jubilee
7580:Finland
7478:Compass
7184:Prelude
7137:Finland
7023:Vietnam
6989:Romania
6861:Germany
6840:Estonia
6826:Denmark
6805:Belgium
6798:Austria
6791:Albania
6722:Ireland
6708:Andorra
6692:Neutral
6652:Romania
6586:Hungary
6571:Finland
6443:Romania
6335:Finland
6313:Denmark
6259:Belgium
6245:Algeria
5951:Romania
5937:Hungary
5693:Pacific
5417:General
5371:Leaders
5356:Battles
5349:Outline
5247:Bahrain
5172:Colombo
5166:Bangkok
5082:Taihoku
4999:Okazaki
4979:Nagaoka
4934:Fukuoka
4877:Nanjing
4726:Swansea
4701:Norwich
4651:Cardiff
4646:Bristol
4626:Belfast
4594:Kingdom
4509:Romania
4490:Frampol
4387:Viterbo
4382:Vicenza
4367:Trieste
4362:Treviso
4332:Pescara
4327:Palermo
4307:Messina
4302:Livorno
4272:Ferrara
4267:Catania
4262:Cassino
4252:Bologna
4204:Hungary
4141:Rostock
4136:Potsdam
4091:Münster
4051:Leipzig
3996:Hamburg
3981:Giessen
3951:Dresden
3921:Breslau
3906:Bocholt
3896:Bamberg
3855:Krefeld
3825:Cologne
3802:Germany
3762:Tallinn
3750:Estonia
3719:Denmark
3693:Austria
3021:447–449
2957:Bibcode
2358:Publish
2344:at the
2243:18 July
2040:9 March
1775:13 June
1752:13 June
1578:of the
1568:Hellcat
1541:Fat Man
1278:Results
1268:Hamburg
1264:Dresden
1099:ditched
877:Shumshu
762:Ellwood
627:Vietnam
359:Battles
328:Okazaki
272:Fukuoka
217:Nagaoka
186:of the
106:, Japan
8502:Debate
8474:Taipei
8467:Borneo
8045:Tarawa
7232:Europe
7193:Africa
6982:Poland
6968:Norway
6947:Malaya
6926:Latvia
6868:Greece
6854:France
6750:Sweden
6715:Bhutan
6436:Poland
6422:Norway
6394:Mexico
6361:Greece
6347:France
6285:Canada
6266:Brazil
6236:Allies
6182:Serbia
6171:Poland
5944:Poland
5930:Baltic
5723:Europe
5425:Topics
5377:Allied
5252:Cyprus
5184:Manila
5129:Darwin
5124:Broome
5054:Yawata
5019:Sendai
5014:Sabang
5009:Rabaul
4994:Numazu
4984:Nagoya
4924:Aomori
4804:Zagreb
4792:Prague
4780:Dublin
4691:London
4666:Exeter
4592:United
4500:Wieluń
4495:Warsaw
4483:Poland
4474:Namsos
4462:Norway
4377:Verona
4347:Rimini
4317:Naples
4277:Foggia
4237:Ancona
4156:Siegen
4096:Munich
4056:Lübeck
4036:Kassel
3941:Dessau
3916:Bremen
3901:Berlin
3876:Aachen
3820:Bochum
3771:France
3726:Aarhus
3705:Vienna
3501:
3482:
3458:
3441:
3420:
3397:
3380:
3361:
3340:
3321:
3302:
3280:
3260:
3241:
3220:
3194:
3175:
3156:
3135:
3116:
3095:
3067:
3048:
3027:
3000:
2994:539–40
2975:
2936:
2915:
2892:
2862:
2843:
2822:
2598:47NEWS
2534:47NEWS
2500:47NEWS
2466:47NEWS
2427:7 June
2401:5 June
1861:. 1944
1600:Atsugi
1422:park,
1420:Sumida
1227:napalm
1155:under
1142:Tinian
1138:Saipan
1078:Hornet
1027:bomber
647:Zipper
633:Jurist
602:Malaya
561:Ceylon
495:Midway
287:Aomori
262:Sendai
242:Nagoya
222:Numazu
212:Yawata
141:
127:
34:, see
8278:Leyte
8108:Narva
8094:Anzio
8052:Makin
8010:Burma
7894:Torch
7863:Rzhev
7817:Kiska
6903:Korea
6889:Japan
6882:Italy
6764:Tibet
6743:Spain
6614:Italy
6375:Italy
6368:India
6292:China
6167:Japan
5767:Italy
5679:China
5631:Women
5262:Malta
5226:Jaffa
5221:Haifa
5029:Tokyo
5004:Osaka
4929:Fukui
4919:Akita
4912:Japan
4862:Chiba
4855:China
4827:Burma
4798:Sofia
4681:Leeds
4552:Minsk
4542:Gorky
4392:Zadar
4372:Turin
4357:Terni
4322:Padua
4312:Milan
4292:Gorla
4287:Genoa
4225:Italy
4216:Kassa
4186:Worms
4176:Wesel
4086:Moers
4071:Mainz
4041:Kleve
4001:Hanau
3991:Halle
3956:Emden
3845:Essen
3788:Royan
3757:Narva
3741:Rønne
2973:S2CID
2094:Wired
1999:(PDF)
1692:Wired
1608:IJNAS
1554:Other
1440:Tokyo
1087:China
1031:China
1000:Tokyo
949:Tokyo
818:Tokyo
806:Japan
723:Timor
282:Akita
267:Fukui
247:Osaka
228:Tokyo
144:Japan
104:Tokyo
8344:1945
8072:1944
7913:1943
7834:Blue
7824:Attu
7731:1942
7490:1941
7342:1940
7280:1939
7209:Asia
7056:POWs
6896:Jews
6607:Iraq
6533:Axis
6483:Tuva
6299:Cuba
5384:Axis
5284:Chad
5216:Acre
4989:Naha
4974:Kure
4964:Kōfu
4959:Kobe
4939:Gifu
4752:1944
4747:1941
4676:Hull
4621:Bath
4352:Rome
4337:Pisa
4242:Bari
4021:Jena
3778:Caen
3736:Nexø
3601:2006
3577:2006
3555:2006
3499:ISBN
3480:ISBN
3456:ISBN
3439:ASIN
3418:ISBN
3395:ISBN
3378:ASIN
3359:ISBN
3338:ISBN
3319:ISBN
3300:ISBN
3278:ISBN
3258:ASIN
3239:ISBN
3218:ISBN
3192:ISBN
3173:ISBN
3154:ISBN
3133:ISBN
3114:ISBN
3093:ISBN
3065:ISBN
3046:ISBN
3025:ISBN
2998:ISBN
2934:ISBN
2913:ISBN
2890:ISBN
2860:ISBN
2841:ISBN
2820:ISBN
2762:2018
2610:2013
2580:2013
2550:2013
2516:2013
2482:2013
2429:2021
2403:2021
2366:岩波新書
2350:ISBN
2245:2015
2192:2011
2165:2011
2139:2011
2102:2011
2042:2008
1969:2014
1904:(8).
1867:2012
1827:2022
1777:2019
1754:2019
1616:and
1611:aces
1486:B-29
1318:The
1245:Chūō
1243:and
1241:Koto
1192:Kobe
1140:and
1008:U.S.
1006:The
956:東京空襲
945:The
828:Kure
515:Truk
292:Gifu
277:Kōfu
252:Kobe
91:Date
77:B-29
38:and
4171:Ulm
2965:doi
2953:100
2445:",
2030:MIT
1957:PBS
1598:at
1434:in
1081:at
979:of
8649::
8092:/
3591:.
3567:.
3541:.
3023:.
2996:.
2971:.
2963:.
2951:.
2748:.
2699:^
2673:^
2630:^
2596:.
2536:.
2532:.
2502:.
2498:.
2468:.
2464:.
2360::
2356:,
2236:.
2224:^
2156:.
2125:.
2119:.
2092:.
2058:.
2028:,
2024:,
2001:.
1955:.
1902:16
1900:.
1896:.
1857:.
1745:.
1718:^
1695:.
1689:.
1677:^
1637:,
1629:,
1582:,
1341::
1270:,
1266:,
1041:.
991:.
959:,
798:PX
707:RY
7588:)
7582:(
6449:)
6445:(
6381:)
6377:(
6341:)
6337:(
6279:)
6275:(
5329:e
5322:t
5315:v
5035:)
5031:(
3631:e
3624:t
3617:v
3603:.
3579:.
3557:.
3533:.
3527:.
3521:.
3507:.
3488:.
3464:.
3445:.
3426:.
3403:.
3384:.
3367:.
3346:.
3327:.
3308:.
3286:.
3264:.
3247:.
3200:.
3181:.
3162:.
3141:.
3122:.
3101:.
3073:.
3054:.
3033:.
3006:.
2979:.
2967::
2959::
2942:.
2921:.
2898:.
2868:.
2849:.
2828:.
2764:.
2723:.
2685:.
2612:.
2582:.
2552:.
2518:.
2484:.
2431:.
2405:.
2364:(
2332:.
2247:.
2194:.
2167:.
2141:.
2104:.
1971:.
1869:.
1829:.
1779:.
1756:.
1498:.
1426:.
965:)
953:(
484:K
445:e
438:t
431:v
175:e
168:t
161:v
42:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
