134:
31:
3010:
2998:
446:
3034:
3022:
1113:
141:
Most Bond events do not have a clear climate signal; some correspond to periods of cooling, but others are coincident with aridification in some regions. Gap between events has been estimated to be 1,000-1,500 years with Bond event # 4 as an
84:
tracers of drift ice in the North
Atlantic. However, more recent work at a single site suggested that these tracers did not provide sufficient support for 1,500-year intervals of climate change, and suggested that the reported
1151:
Dahl, Svein Olaf; et al. (2002). "Timing, equilibrium-line altitudes and climatic implications of two early-Holocene glacier readvances during the
Erdalen Event at Jostedalsbreen, western Norway".
621:
2734:
2910:
2578:
953:
Bartov, Yuval; Goldstein, Steven L.; Stein, Mordechai; Enzel, Yehouda (2003). "Catastrophic arid episodes in the
Eastern Mediterranean linked with the North Atlantic Heinrich events".
842:
Gupta, Anil K.; Anderson, David M.; Overpeck, Jonathan T. (2003). "Abrupt changes in the Asian southwest monsoon during the
Holocene and their links to the North Atlantic Ocean".
2751:
473:. The detected cycles were at 6400 years Before Present, 5500 years B.P., 3700 years B.P., 2700 years B.P., 1300 years B.P. and 200 years B.P. and represented temperature drops.
2187:
2013:
764:
Obrochta, Stephen P.; Yokoyama, Yusuke; Morén, Jan; Crowley, Thomas J. (2014-04-01). "Conversion of GISP2-based sediment core age models to the GICC05 extended chronology".
3065:
2182:
1440:
1036:
Zhao, Keliang; et al. (2012). "Climatic variations over the last 4000 cal yr BP in the western margin of the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, reconstructed from pollen data".
2050:
799:
Li, Yong-Xiang; Yu, Zicheng; Kodama, Kenneth P. (2007). "Sensitive moisture response to
Holocene millennial-scale climate variations in the Mid-Atlantic region, USA".
1987:
1295:
449:
Holocene 18O and deuterium derived from ice records in Sajama, Huascarán and
Illimani. Arrows showing the temperature drops that could be related to Bond events.
1696:
1929:
1257:"A Revisión de la estratigrafía del d18O en sondeos de hielo de glaciares en los Andes Centrales: Implicaciones para la variabilidad climática del Holoceno"
1813:
2072:
2030:
662:
2951:
2067:
1652:
679:
Svensson, A.; Andersen, K. K.; Bigler, M.; Clausen, H. B.; Dahl-Jensen, D.; Davies, S. M.; Johnsen, S. J.; Muscheler, R.; Parrenin, F. (2008-03-31).
2282:
2003:
1721:
1498:
80:
was the lead author of the 1997 paper that postulated the theory of 1470-year climate cycles in the Late
Pleistocene and Holocene, mainly based on
2638:
2427:
1595:
2287:
2250:
2104:
2089:
2008:
1657:
1601:
2946:
2084:
73:
2968:
1924:
1919:
110:
events happen to correlate with episodes of lowered lake levels in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, the weakest events of the
1196:
1380:
2449:
2227:
2045:
1977:
1967:
1950:
1857:
1664:
1385:
2878:
2739:
2696:
2192:
1288:
2805:
2681:
2498:
1701:
1375:
1360:
1345:
990:
Parker, Adrian G.; et al. (2006). "A record of
Holocene climate change from lake geochemical analyses in southeastern Arabia".
3038:
2676:
2656:
2603:
2555:
1617:
96:
2795:
2746:
2172:
2134:
2079:
1549:
2863:
2147:
1904:
1400:
2973:
2508:
2040:
1281:
1365:
103:
2956:
2628:
2157:
2152:
2057:
1934:
1491:
2167:
2020:
1982:
1430:
230:
461:
have been identified in three ice core records of the tropical Andes. The records were extracted from the summits of
3026:
2790:
2593:
2550:
2323:
2245:
2099:
1445:
1415:
1320:
2895:
2570:
2545:
2518:
2480:
2397:
2215:
2062:
2025:
1775:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1420:
976:
2905:
2900:
2831:
2671:
2177:
2142:
2035:
1962:
1803:
1632:
1568:
1529:
1340:
2890:
725:"The DO-climate events are probably noise induced: statistical investigation of the claimed 1470 years cycle"
3060:
3014:
2936:
2846:
2588:
2560:
2240:
1877:
1484:
1435:
133:
1228:
Allen, Harriet D. (2003). "Response of past and present
Mediterranean ecosystems to environmental change".
2613:
2433:
2375:
2292:
2277:
2162:
1808:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
3002:
2648:
2525:
2333:
1793:
1716:
1330:
1325:
2841:
2719:
2410:
2380:
1955:
1882:
1161:
1078:
1041:
999:
964:
911:
853:
808:
773:
736:
695:
638:
591:
527:
319:
291:
1114:"Nile flow failure at the end of the Old Kingdom, Egypt: Strontium isotopic and petrologic evidence"
52:. Eight such events have been identified. Bond events were previously believed to exhibit a roughly
2858:
2633:
1867:
1862:
1405:
1395:
1304:
1197:"Younger Dryas Event and Cold Events in Early-Mid Holocene: Record from the sediment of Erhai Lake"
466:
256:
77:
30:
2686:
2618:
2535:
2385:
2350:
2307:
2302:
2297:
1872:
1335:
1177:
1133:
1015:
935:
877:
824:
654:
553:
487:
353:
282:
1211:
2920:
2583:
2328:
2094:
1887:
1850:
1637:
1591:
1465:
1094:
1069:
955:
927:
869:
629:
545:
323:
95:
Furthermore, following publication of the
Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) for the
2963:
2530:
2513:
2454:
2345:
2109:
1833:
1706:
1642:
1237:
1169:
1125:
1086:
1049:
1007:
972:
919:
861:
844:
816:
781:
744:
703:
646:
599:
535:
224:
117:
for at least the past 9,000 years, and also correlate with most aridification events in the
578:
Obrochta, Stephen P.; Miyahara, Hiroko; Yokoyama, Yusuke; Crowley, Thomas J. (2012-11-08).
2915:
2836:
2800:
2729:
2703:
2691:
2608:
2540:
2415:
2272:
1894:
1845:
1823:
1425:
470:
287:
1165:
1082:
1045:
1003:
968:
915:
857:
812:
777:
740:
699:
642:
595:
531:
2868:
2724:
2666:
2661:
2503:
2392:
2124:
2119:
2114:
1972:
1909:
1647:
1627:
1586:
1507:
617:
511:
482:
198:
158:
122:
69:
42:
896:
680:
3054:
2941:
2873:
2598:
2420:
2405:
2340:
2235:
1370:
1256:
1181:
1019:
462:
427:
1137:
939:
658:
622:"A Pervasive Millennial-Scale Cycle in North Atlantic Holocene and Glacial Climates"
603:
557:
445:
2826:
2623:
2267:
2257:
1914:
1798:
1711:
1450:
881:
828:
580:"A re-examination of evidence for the North Atlantic "1500-year cycle" at Site 609"
431:
650:
1090:
1053:
785:
2853:
2370:
2362:
1622:
1460:
1011:
579:
118:
107:
45:
1241:
897:"The Holocene Asian Monsoon: Links to Solar Changes and North Atlantic Climate"
2885:
2262:
1899:
1350:
1173:
327:
81:
820:
1840:
923:
540:
515:
182:
1098:
931:
873:
549:
17:
749:
724:
516:"Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene"
708:
458:
99:
49:
865:
1818:
1410:
1390:
1273:
378:
143:
114:
1129:
2821:
1455:
453:
Bond events have been detected in remote regions such as the central
382:
315:
1067:
Gibbons, Ann (1993). "How the Akkadian Empire Was Hung Out to Dry".
457:
of South America. Up to six Bond cycles during the upper and middle
1828:
454:
444:
132:
48:
events that are tentatively linked to climate fluctuations in the
29:
1476:
681:"A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology"
111:
2772:
2477:
2213:
1773:
1685:
1566:
1518:
1480:
1277:
1255:
Fernández - Sánchez, Adrián; Martín - Chivelet, Javier (2016).
723:
Ditlevsen, P. D.; Andersen, K. K.; Svensson, A. (2007-02-28).
2735:
Cooperative Mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement
977:
10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0439:CAEITE>2.0.CO;2
59:
cycle, but the primary period of variability is now put at
1195:
Zhou Jing; Wang Sumin; Yang Guishan; Xiao Haifeng (2007).
2911:
Illustrative model of greenhouse effect on climate change
34:
Global temperature fluctuations, c. 10,000 BC to present
2752:
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
1261:
Geotemas. Journal of the Geological Society of Spain
2929:
2814:
2783:
2712:
2647:
2569:
2491:
2442:
2359:
2316:
2226:
2133:
1996:
1943:
1786:
1610:
1579:
1311:
1038:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
2952:Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
106:also show no such pattern. The North Atlantic
1697:History of climate change policy and politics
1492:
1441:Pacific–North American teleconnection pattern
1289:
8:
1814:Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
1031:
1029:
3033:
3021:
2780:
2769:
2488:
2474:
2223:
2210:
1783:
1770:
1682:
1576:
1563:
1515:
1499:
1485:
1477:
1296:
1282:
1274:
1112:Stanley, Jean-Daniel; et al. (2003).
3066:History of climate variability and change
2579:Adaptation strategies on the German coast
1722:United Nations Climate Change conferences
748:
707:
539:
2283:Co-benefits of climate change mitigation
148:
2639:National Adaptation Programme of Action
2428:Land use, land-use change, and forestry
498:
318:desert reforms by 3500–3000 BC, ending
2288:Economics of climate change mitigation
2251:Gold Standard (carbon offset standard)
1602:Scientific consensus on climate change
2947:Coupled Model Intercomparison Project
7:
2969:Representative Concentration Pathway
1920:Tipping points in the climate system
1596:Carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere
573:
571:
569:
567:
506:
504:
502:
385:, as well as a cold event in China.
92:period was a statistical artifact.
2740:Nationally determined contributions
2450:Individual action on climate change
1665:World energy supply and consumption
1386:Equatorial Indian Ocean oscillation
1204:Advances in Climate Change Research
2879:Fixed anvil temperature hypothesis
1210:(Suppl): 1673–1719. Archived from
895:Yongjin Wang; et al. (2005).
25:
2806:Satellite temperature measurement
2411:forestry for carbon sequestration
1702:History of climate change science
1376:Diurnal air temperature variation
1361:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis
1346:Atlantic multidecadal oscillation
27:North Atlantic ice rafting events
3032:
3020:
3009:
3008:
2996:
2657:Climate Change Performance Index
121:for the past 55,000 years (both
74:Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory
2796:Instrumental temperature record
2747:Sustainable Development Goal 13
604:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.08.008
2864:Climate variability and change
1905:Retreat of glaciers since 1850
1230:Progress in Physical Geography
1:
2974:Shared Socioeconomic Pathways
2509:Climate emergency declaration
651:10.1126/science.278.5341.1257
441:Influence in regional climate
86:
60:
53:
2957:IPCC Sixth Assessment Report
2183:Middle East and North Africa
1381:El Niño–Southern Oscillation
1091:10.1126/science.261.5124.985
1054:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.01.012
786:10.1016/j.quageo.2013.09.001
290:and the end of the Egyptian
1431:Pacific decadal oscillation
1012:10.1016/j.yqres.2006.07.001
231:Late Antique Little Ice Age
3082:
2791:Global surface temperature
2682:Popular culture depictions
2594:Ecosystem-based adaptation
2324:Carbon capture and storage
2246:Carbon offsets and credits
1446:Quasi-biennial oscillation
1416:North Atlantic oscillation
1321:Antarctic Circumpolar Wave
1242:10.1191/030913303767888482
584:Quaternary Science Reviews
3003:Climate change portal
2990:
2896:Extreme event attribution
2779:
2768:
2519:School Strike for Climate
2487:
2473:
2398:Climate-smart agriculture
2222:
2209:
1782:
1769:
1692:
1681:
1575:
1562:
1545:Climate change adaptation
1540:Climate change mitigation
1535:Effects of climate change
1525:
1514:
1421:North Pacific Oscillation
1401:Madden–Julian oscillation
1174:10.1191/0959683602hl516rp
104:Dansgaard–Oeschger events
2906:Global warming potential
2713:International agreements
2360:Preserving and enhancing
1804:Arctic methane emissions
1726:Years in climate change
1633:Greenhouse gas emissions
1530:Causes of climate change
1366:Dansgaard–Oeschger event
1341:Atlantic Equatorial mode
821:10.1177/0959683606069386
766:Quaternary Geochronology
169:Gap from previous event
2937:Climate change scenario
2589:Disaster risk reduction
2241:Carbon emission trading
2051:U.S. insurance industry
2031:Civilizational collapse
1878:sea surface temperature
1436:Pacific Meridional Mode
924:10.1126/science.1106296
541:10.1126/science.1065680
137:Overview of Bond events
102:, it became clear that
90: 1,500 ± 500-year
2930:Research and modelling
2614:Nature-based solutions
2434:Nature-based solutions
2376:Carbon dioxide removal
2293:Fossil fuel divestment
2278:Climate risk insurance
2188:Small island countries
1809:Arctic sea ice decline
620:; et al. (1997).
514:; et al. (2001).
450:
138:
35:
2891:Earth's energy budget
2774:Background and theory
2662:Climate crisis (term)
2334:Fossil fuel phase-out
2228:Economics and finance
2193:by individual country
2135:By country and region
2110:Security and conflict
2105:Psychological impacts
1794:Abrupt climate change
1717:Charles David Keeling
1550:By country and region
1331:Arctic dipole anomaly
1326:Antarctic oscillation
750:10.5194/cp-3-129-2007
448:
136:
33:
2720:Glasgow Climate Pact
2381:Carbon sequestration
1956:Mass mortality event
1305:Climate oscillations
709:10.5194/cp-4-47-2008
426:Transition from the
320:Neolithic Subpluvial
2859:Climate sensitivity
2634:The Adaptation Fund
2090:Infectious diseases
1997:Social and economic
1406:Milankovitch cycles
1396:Indian Ocean Dipole
1166:2002Holoc..12...17D
1083:1993Sci...261..985G
1046:2012PPP...321...16Z
1004:2006QuRes..66..465P
992:Quaternary Research
969:2003Geo....31..439B
916:2005Sci...308..854W
866:10.1038/nature01340
858:2003Natur.421..354G
813:2007Holoc..17....3L
778:2014QuGeo..20....1O
741:2007CliPa...3..129D
700:2008CliPa...4...47S
643:1997Sci...278.1257B
637:(5341): 1257–1266.
596:2012QSRv...55...23O
532:2001Sci...294.2130B
526:(5549): 2130–2136.
257:Iron Age Cold Epoch
144:outlying data point
78:Columbia University
2430:(LULUCF and AFOLU)
2402:Forest management
2386:Direct air capture
2351:Sustainable energy
2308:Net zero emissions
2303:Low-carbon economy
2298:Green Climate Fund
2085:Indigenous peoples
1988:Plant biodiversity
1776:Effects and issues
1351:Earth's axial tilt
1336:Arctic oscillation
1040:. 321–322: 16–23.
488:Ice-sheet dynamics
451:
354:8.2-kiloyear event
286:; collapse of the
283:4.2-kiloyear event
139:
125:and Bond events).
64: 1,000 years
36:
3048:
3047:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2981:
2921:Radiative forcing
2764:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2584:Adaptive capacity
2469:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2329:Energy transition
2205:
2204:
2201:
2200:
1925:Tropical cyclones
1851:Urban heat island
1765:
1764:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1638:Carbon accounting
1592:Greenhouse effect
1558:
1557:
1474:
1473:
1466:True polar wander
1461:Solar variability
1130:10.1002/gea.10065
910:(5723): 854–857.
852:(6921): 354–357.
438:
437:
377:Erdalen event of
330:begins ~3300 BC.
324:Piora Oscillation
57: 1,500-year
16:(Redirected from
3073:
3036:
3035:
3024:
3023:
3012:
3011:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2964:Paleoclimatology
2781:
2770:
2531:Ecological grief
2514:Climate movement
2489:
2475:
2455:Plant-based diet
2346:Renewable energy
2224:
2211:
2046:Economic impacts
1978:Invasive species
1834:Coastal flooding
1784:
1771:
1707:Svante Arrhenius
1683:
1653:from agriculture
1643:Carbon footprint
1628:Greenhouse gases
1577:
1564:
1516:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1298:
1291:
1284:
1275:
1269:
1268:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1201:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1148:
1142:
1141:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1064:
1058:
1057:
1033:
1024:
1023:
987:
981:
980:
950:
944:
943:
901:
892:
886:
885:
839:
833:
832:
796:
790:
789:
761:
755:
754:
752:
720:
714:
713:
711:
685:
676:
670:
669:
667:
661:. Archived from
626:
614:
608:
607:
575:
562:
561:
543:
508:
467:Nevado Huascarán
420:
415:
400:
395:
371:
366:
345:
340:
309:
304:
274:
269:
248:
243:
225:Migration Period
216:
211:
190:
185:
149:
91:
88:
65:
62:
58:
55:
21:
3081:
3080:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3070:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3044:
2997:
2995:
2978:
2925:
2916:Orbital forcing
2810:
2775:
2756:
2730:Paris Agreement
2708:
2704:Warming stripes
2643:
2609:Managed retreat
2604:Loss and damage
2565:
2499:Business action
2483:
2461:
2438:
2361:
2355:
2312:
2273:Climate finance
2218:
2197:
2129:
1992:
1968:Extinction risk
1944:Flora and fauna
1939:
1900:Permafrost thaw
1895:Ozone depletion
1824:Extreme weather
1778:
1761:
1688:
1669:
1606:
1571:
1554:
1521:
1510:
1505:
1475:
1470:
1426:Orbital forcing
1313:
1307:
1302:
1272:
1254:
1253:
1249:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1214:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1066:
1065:
1061:
1035:
1034:
1027:
989:
988:
984:
952:
951:
947:
899:
894:
893:
889:
841:
840:
836:
798:
797:
793:
763:
762:
758:
722:
721:
717:
683:
678:
677:
673:
665:
624:
616:
615:
611:
577:
576:
565:
510:
509:
500:
496:
479:
471:Nevado Illimani
443:
418:
413:
398:
393:
369:
364:
343:
338:
307:
302:
288:Akkadian Empire
272:
267:
246:
241:
214:
209:
188:
180:
165:
156:
131:
89:
63:
56:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3079:
3077:
3069:
3068:
3063:
3061:Atlantic Ocean
3053:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3030:
3018:
3006:
2991:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2960:
2959:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2933:
2931:
2927:
2926:
2924:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2882:
2881:
2871:
2869:Cloud feedback
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2824:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2787:
2785:
2777:
2776:
2773:
2766:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2758:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2743:
2742:
2737:
2727:
2725:Kyoto Protocol
2722:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2700:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2679:
2677:Media coverage
2674:
2669:
2667:Climate spiral
2664:
2659:
2653:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2642:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2575:
2573:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2556:Public opinion
2553:
2548:
2543:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2522:
2521:
2511:
2506:
2504:Climate action
2501:
2495:
2493:
2485:
2484:
2478:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2458:
2457:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2416:REDD and REDD+
2413:
2408:
2400:
2395:
2393:Carbon farming
2390:
2389:
2388:
2383:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2337:
2336:
2326:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2125:Water security
2122:
2120:Water scarcity
2117:
2115:Urban flooding
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2076:
2075:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1973:Forest dieback
1970:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1958:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1910:Sea level rise
1907:
1902:
1897:
1892:
1891:
1890:
1885:
1883:stratification
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1855:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1790:
1788:
1780:
1779:
1774:
1767:
1766:
1763:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1679:
1678:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1661:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1648:Carbon leakage
1645:
1640:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1589:
1587:Climate system
1583:
1581:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1519:
1512:
1511:
1508:Climate change
1506:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1481:
1472:
1471:
1469:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1391:Glacial cycles
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1317:
1315:
1309:
1308:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1278:
1271:
1270:
1247:
1236:(3): 359–377.
1220:
1217:on 2015-07-06.
1187:
1143:
1124:(3): 395–402.
1118:Geoarchaeology
1104:
1059:
1025:
998:(3): 465–476.
982:
963:(5): 439–442.
945:
887:
834:
791:
756:
735:(1): 129–134.
715:
671:
668:on 2008-02-27.
609:
563:
497:
495:
492:
491:
490:
485:
483:Heinrich event
478:
475:
442:
439:
436:
435:
424:
421:
416:
411:
407:
406:
404:
401:
396:
391:
387:
386:
375:
372:
367:
362:
358:
357:
349:
346:
341:
336:
332:
331:
313:
310:
305:
300:
296:
295:
278:
275:
270:
265:
261:
260:
252:
249:
244:
239:
235:
234:
220:
217:
212:
207:
203:
202:
199:Little Ice Age
194:
191:
186:
178:
174:
173:
170:
167:
162:
153:
130:
127:
70:Gerard C. Bond
43:North Atlantic
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3078:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3041:
3040:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3007:
3005:
3004:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2942:Climate model
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2928:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2877:
2876:
2875:
2874:Cloud forcing
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2788:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2771:
2767:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2652:
2650:
2649:Communication
2646:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2629:Vulnerability
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2599:Flood control
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2472:
2456:
2453:
2452:
2451:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2421:reforestation
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2406:afforestation
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2341:Nuclear power
2339:
2335:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2309:
2306:
2304:
2301:
2299:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2236:Carbon budget
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2074:
2073:Mental health
2071:
2070:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2014:United States
2012:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1896:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1868:deoxygenation
1866:
1864:
1863:acidification
1861:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1842:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1791:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1694:
1691:
1684:
1680:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1658:from wetlands
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1618:Deforestation
1616:
1615:
1613:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1565:
1561:
1551:
1548:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1527:
1524:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1371:Diurnal cycle
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1310:
1306:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1251:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1224:
1221:
1213:
1209:
1205:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1147:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1108:
1105:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1077:(5124): 985.
1076:
1072:
1071:
1063:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
986:
983:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
957:
949:
946:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
898:
891:
888:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
846:
838:
835:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
806:
802:
795:
792:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
760:
757:
751:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
719:
716:
710:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
682:
675:
672:
664:
660:
656:
652:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
631:
623:
619:
613:
610:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
574:
572:
570:
568:
564:
559:
555:
551:
547:
542:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
507:
505:
503:
499:
493:
489:
486:
484:
481:
480:
476:
474:
472:
468:
464:
463:Nevado Sajama
460:
456:
447:
440:
433:
429:
428:Younger Dryas
425:
422:
417:
412:
409:
408:
405:
402:
397:
392:
389:
388:
384:
380:
376:
373:
368:
363:
360:
359:
356:
355:
350:
347:
342:
337:
334:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
314:
311:
306:
301:
298:
297:
293:
289:
285:
284:
279:
276:
271:
266:
263:
262:
259:
258:
253:
250:
245:
240:
237:
236:
233:
232:
227:
226:
221:
218:
213:
208:
205:
204:
201:
200:
195:
192:
187:
184:
179:
176:
175:
171:
168:
163:
160:
154:
151:
150:
147:
145:
135:
128:
126:
124:
120:
116:
113:
109:
105:
101:
98:
93:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
51:
47:
44:
40:
32:
19:
3037:
3025:
3013:
2994:
2827:Carbon cycle
2784:Measurements
2479:Society and
2363:carbon sinks
2268:Climate debt
2258:Carbon price
2080:Human rights
1915:Season creep
1873:heat content
1799:Anoxic event
1712:James Hansen
1451:Seasonal lag
1355:
1314:oscillations
1264:
1260:
1250:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1212:the original
1207:
1203:
1190:
1160:(1): 17–25.
1157:
1154:The Holocene
1153:
1146:
1121:
1117:
1107:
1074:
1068:
1062:
1037:
995:
991:
985:
960:
954:
948:
907:
903:
890:
849:
843:
837:
804:
801:The Holocene
800:
794:
769:
765:
759:
732:
728:
718:
694:(1): 47–57.
691:
687:
674:
663:the original
634:
628:
612:
587:
583:
523:
519:
452:
381:activity in
351:
280:
254:
228:
222:
196:
140:
94:
68:
38:
37:
2854:Carbon sink
2832:atmospheric
2697:video games
2371:Blue carbon
2004:Agriculture
1983:Marine life
1930:Water cycle
1888:temperature
1623:Fossil fuel
414:≈ −11.1 ka
394:≈ −10.3 ka
374:1100 years
348:1200 years
312:2300 years
292:Old Kingdom
277:1700 years
251:1400 years
219:1400 years
119:Middle East
108:ice-rafting
46:ice rafting
39:Bond events
18:Bond events
3055:Categories
2886:Cryosphere
2847:permafrost
2619:Resilience
2571:Adaptation
2546:Litigation
2536:Governance
2481:adaptation
2263:Carbon tax
2216:Mitigation
2153:Antarctica
2041:Disability
1356:Bond event
1267:: 565–568.
807:(1): 3–8.
729:Clim. Past
688:Clim. Past
494:References
403:800 years
399:≈ 8300 BC
365:≈ −9.4 ka
344:≈ 6200 BC
339:≈ −8.2 ka
328:Bronze Age
303:≈ −5.9 ka
273:≈ 2200 BC
268:≈ −4.2 ka
242:≈ −2.8 ka
210:≈ −1.4 ka
193:900 years
189:≈ 1500 AD
97:North GRIP
82:petrologic
2901:Feedbacks
2672:Education
2173:Caribbean
2168:Australia
2095:Migration
2058:Fisheries
2009:Livestock
1935:Wildfires
1841:Heat wave
1182:128539563
1020:140158532
590:: 23–33.
419:≈ 9100 BC
370:≈ 7400 BC
308:≈ 3900 BC
247:≈ 800 BC
215:≈ 600 AD
166:(AD, BC)
3027:Glossary
3015:Category
2837:biologic
2551:Politics
2443:Personal
2148:Americas
2021:Children
1787:Physical
1580:Overview
1520:Overview
1138:53571037
1099:17739611
940:54532439
932:15879216
874:12540924
659:28963043
618:Bond, G.
558:38179371
550:11739949
512:Bond, G.
477:See also
459:Holocene
326:. Early
123:Heinrich
100:ice core
50:Holocene
2842:oceanic
2692:fiction
2541:Justice
2492:Society
2100:Poverty
1819:Drought
1687:History
1611:Sources
1456:Seasons
1411:Monsoon
1312:Climate
1162:Bibcode
1079:Bibcode
1070:Science
1042:Bibcode
1000:Bibcode
965:Bibcode
956:Geology
912:Bibcode
904:Science
882:4304234
854:Bibcode
829:2206358
809:Bibcode
774:Bibcode
772:: 1–7.
737:Bibcode
696:Bibcode
639:Bibcode
630:Science
592:Bibcode
528:Bibcode
520:Science
430:to the
379:glacier
181:≈ −0.5
115:monsoon
72:of the
2822:Albedo
2815:Theory
2526:Denial
2317:Energy
2178:Europe
2158:Arctic
2143:Africa
2068:Health
2063:Gender
2026:Cities
1951:Biomes
1858:Oceans
1846:Marine
1569:Causes
1180:
1136:
1097:
1018:
938:
930:
880:
872:
845:Nature
827:
657:
556:
548:
432:Boreal
383:Norway
316:Sahara
172:Notes
3039:Index
2801:Proxy
2561:Women
2036:Crime
1963:Birds
1829:Flood
1215:(PDF)
1200:(PDF)
1178:S2CID
1134:S2CID
1016:S2CID
936:S2CID
900:(PDF)
878:S2CID
825:S2CID
684:(PDF)
666:(PDF)
655:S2CID
625:(PDF)
554:S2CID
455:Andes
164:Time
155:Time
112:Asian
2624:Risk
2163:Asia
1755:2024
1750:2023
1745:2022
1740:2021
1735:2020
1730:2019
1095:PMID
928:PMID
870:PMID
546:PMID
469:and
352:See
281:See
255:See
229:and
223:See
197:See
129:List
41:are
2687:art
1238:doi
1170:doi
1126:doi
1087:doi
1075:261
1050:doi
1008:doi
973:doi
920:doi
908:308
862:doi
850:421
817:doi
782:doi
745:doi
704:doi
647:doi
635:278
600:doi
536:doi
524:294
152:No
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