52:
197:
31:
210:
species are highly adapted to cold environments and often found on the surface of snow. Although they cannot fly, they have the ability to hop or jump. All species are known to feed on
169:
are dark in color, 3 to 5 mm long, and have reduced, non-functional wings. In males, the wings resemble straps, while in females they are short stubs. Females also have a pointed
883:
922:
596:
857:
896:
698:
214:, both as adults and larvae. Males use their hardened wing straps to grasp the female and lift her above their back during mating.
901:
567:
909:
537:
994:
766:
608:
836:
927:
849:
51:
966:
464:
709:
283:
771:
363:
333:
414:
343:
232:
953:
494:
454:
353:
805:
474:
444:
434:
252:
484:
424:
383:
373:
293:
273:
242:
393:
46:
538:"Vol 48, No 1 - Scorpionflies, Hangingflies, and other Mecoptera - The Kansas School Naturalist"
935:
888:
792:
940:
323:
185:
147:
113:
989:
313:
262:
153:. They are commonly known as winter scorpionflies due to their close relation to the true
844:
831:
303:
983:
196:
747:
797:
30:
914:
870:
741:
692:
404:
170:
154:
732:
545:
818:
524:
181:
103:
83:
63:
779:
758:
726:
506:
Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net
150:
961:
862:
784:
659:
630:
875:
143:
93:
73:
703:
823:
948:
195:
174:
211:
707:
810:
173:. Both sexes have an elongated head, or rostrum. Larvae are
525:
716:
527:." European Journal of Entomology 107.3 (2010).
8:
704:
544:. Emporia State University. Archived from
29:
20:
576:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
516:
177:, mostly hairless and lacking prolegs.
142:is the most diverse of three genera of
222:These 27 species belong to the genus
7:
967:9BB1802D-2724-4FA3-BB1B-36489774B026
954:8BA026D3-DEAB-6237-0543-B88EE4C3CD23
850:6fe0262d-7ca7-430e-ae82-7554c0fb39c0
157:and preference for cold habitats.
14:
50:
184:distribution and are found in
1:
188:and high altitude habitats.
161:Description and distribution
1011:
47:Scientific classification
45:
37:
28:
23:
358:Hori and Morimoto, 1996
465:Boreus tardokijanensis
204:
199:
24:Winter scorpionflies
845:Fauna Europaea (new)
548:on November 17, 2017
284:Boreus chagzhigireji
247:Byers and Shaw, 2000
294:Boreus coloradensis
274:Boreus californicus
269:(mid-winter boreus)
995:Snow scorpionflies
664:Genus Information"
523:Hågvar, Sigmund. "
400:(snow-born boreus)
394:Boreus nivoriundus
364:Boreus kratochvili
334:Boreus intermedius
205:
977:
976:
936:Open Tree of Life
710:Taxon identifiers
605:Catalogue of Life
507:
500:
490:
480:
470:
460:
450:
440:
430:
420:
415:Boreus orientalis
410:
399:
389:
379:
369:
359:
349:
344:Boreus jacutensis
339:
329:
319:
309:
299:
289:
279:
268:
258:
248:
238:
233:Boreus beybienkoi
135:
134:
131:
1002:
970:
969:
957:
956:
944:
943:
931:
930:
918:
917:
915:NHMSYS0000869660
905:
904:
892:
891:
879:
878:
866:
865:
853:
852:
840:
839:
827:
826:
814:
813:
801:
800:
788:
787:
775:
774:
762:
761:
752:
751:
750:
737:
736:
735:
705:
697:DNA barcodes at
679:
678:
676:
674:
656:
650:
649:
647:
645:
627:
621:
620:
618:
616:
611:on March 5, 2018
607:. Archived from
593:
587:
586:
584:
582:
564:
558:
557:
555:
553:
534:
528:
521:
505:
498:
495:Boreus westwoodi
488:
478:
468:
458:
455:Boreus sjostedti
448:
438:
428:
418:
408:
397:
387:
377:
367:
357:
354:Boreus jezoensis
347:
337:
327:
324:Boreus insulanus
318:(Linnaeus, 1767)
317:
307:
297:
287:
277:
266:
256:
246:
236:
129:
55:
54:
33:
21:
16:Genus of insects
1010:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1003:
1001:
1000:
999:
980:
979:
978:
973:
965:
960:
952:
947:
939:
934:
926:
921:
913:
908:
900:
895:
887:
882:
874:
869:
861:
856:
848:
843:
835:
830:
822:
817:
809:
804:
796:
791:
783:
778:
770:
765:
757:
755:
746:
745:
740:
731:
730:
725:
712:
688:
683:
682:
672:
670:
658:
657:
653:
643:
641:
629:
628:
624:
614:
612:
595:
594:
590:
580:
578:
566:
565:
561:
551:
549:
542:www.emporia.edu
536:
535:
531:
522:
518:
513:
503:
489:Martynova, 1954
475:Boreus unicolor
449:Pliginsky, 1930
445:Boreus semenovi
439:Carpenter, 1933
435:Boreus reductus
429:Carpenter, 1935
419:Martynova, 1954
409:Carpenter, 1935
388:Pliginsky, 1914
314:Boreus hyemalis
308:Carpenter, 1935
288:Pliginsky, 1914
263:Boreus brumalis
253:Boreus borealis
237:Tarbinsky, 1962
220:
194:
163:
130:Latreille, 1816
128:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1008:
1006:
998:
997:
992:
982:
981:
975:
974:
972:
971:
958:
945:
932:
919:
906:
893:
880:
867:
854:
841:
832:Fauna Europaea
828:
815:
802:
789:
776:
763:
753:
738:
722:
720:
714:
713:
708:
702:
701:
695:
687:
686:External links
684:
681:
680:
651:
622:
588:
559:
529:
515:
514:
512:
509:
502:
501:
491:
485:Boreus vlasovi
481:
471:
469:Plutenko, 1985
461:
451:
441:
431:
425:Boreus pilosus
421:
411:
401:
390:
380:
378:Klapálek, 1901
370:
360:
350:
348:Plutenko, 1984
340:
330:
320:
310:
304:Boreus elegans
300:
290:
280:
270:
259:
249:
239:
228:
219:
216:
193:
190:
162:
159:
133:
132:
121:
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91:
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56:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1007:
996:
993:
991:
988:
987:
985:
968:
963:
959:
955:
950:
946:
942:
937:
933:
929:
924:
920:
916:
911:
907:
903:
898:
894:
890:
885:
881:
877:
872:
868:
864:
859:
855:
851:
846:
842:
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833:
829:
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803:
799:
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764:
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754:
749:
743:
739:
734:
728:
724:
723:
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719:
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696:
694:
690:
689:
685:
669:
665:
663:
655:
652:
640:
636:
634:
626:
623:
610:
606:
602:
600:
592:
589:
577:
573:
571:
563:
560:
547:
543:
539:
533:
530:
526:
520:
517:
510:
508:
497:
496:
492:
487:
486:
482:
477:
476:
472:
467:
466:
462:
457:
456:
452:
447:
446:
442:
437:
436:
432:
427:
426:
422:
417:
416:
412:
407:
406:
402:
396:
395:
391:
386:
385:
384:Boreus navasi
381:
376:
375:
374:Boreus lokayi
371:
366:
365:
361:
356:
355:
351:
346:
345:
341:
336:
335:
331:
326:
325:
321:
316:
315:
311:
306:
305:
301:
296:
295:
291:
286:
285:
281:
278:Packard, 1870
276:
275:
271:
265:
264:
260:
255:
254:
250:
245:
244:
243:Boreus bomari
240:
235:
234:
230:
229:
227:
225:
217:
215:
213:
209:
202:
198:
191:
189:
187:
183:
178:
176:
172:
168:
160:
158:
156:
155:scorpionflies
152:
149:
145:
141:
140:
127:
126:
122:
119:
118:
115:
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109:
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105:
102:
99:
98:
95:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
65:
62:
59:
58:
53:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
717:
671:. Retrieved
668:BugGuide.net
667:
661:
654:
642:. Retrieved
638:
632:
625:
613:. Retrieved
609:the original
604:
598:
591:
579:. Retrieved
575:
569:
562:
552:November 16,
550:. Retrieved
546:the original
541:
532:
519:
504:
493:
483:
473:
463:
453:
443:
433:
423:
413:
403:
392:
382:
372:
362:
352:
342:
332:
328:Blades, 2002
322:
312:
302:
292:
282:
272:
261:
251:
241:
231:
223:
221:
207:
206:
200:
180:They have a
179:
166:
164:
138:
137:
136:
124:
123:
39:B. westwoodi
38:
18:
871:iNaturalist
742:Wikispecies
499:Hagen, 1866
459:Navás, 1926
398:Fitch, 1847
368:Mayer, 1938
338:Lloyd, 1934
298:Byers, 1955
267:Fitch, 1847
257:Banks, 1923
201:B. hyemalis
165:Species of
984:Categories
691:Photos at
511:References
405:Boreus nix
171:ovipositor
84:Arthropoda
673:March 16,
644:March 16,
615:March 16,
581:March 16,
182:holarctic
104:Mecoptera
70:Kingdom:
64:Eukaryota
780:BugGuide
756:BioLib:
727:Wikidata
693:Bugguide
597:"Browse
175:grublike
151:Boreidae
114:Boreidae
110:Family:
80:Phylum:
74:Animalia
60:Domain:
962:ZooBank
889:1293749
863:1031891
733:Q893511
572:Report"
218:Species
192:Biology
146:in the
144:insects
120:Genus:
100:Order:
94:Insecta
90:Class:
41:female
990:Boreus
941:984742
902:660878
876:173303
837:223689
824:1BOREG
772:487871
748:Boreus
718:Boreus
662:Boreus
633:Boreus
599:Boreus
570:Boreus
224:Boreus
212:mosses
208:Boreus
186:boreal
167:Boreus
148:family
139:Boreus
125:Boreus
949:Plazi
928:48911
884:IRMNG
811:53201
785:36700
759:44427
923:NCBI
897:ITIS
858:GBIF
819:EPPO
798:3BLS
767:BOLD
699:BOLD
675:2018
646:2018
639:GBIF
617:2018
583:2018
554:2017
479:Hine
203:male
910:NBN
806:EoL
793:CoL
986::
964::
951::
938::
925::
912::
899::
886::
873::
860::
847::
834::
821::
808::
795::
782::
769::
744::
729::
666:.
637:.
603:.
574:.
540:.
226::
677:.
660:"
648:.
635:"
631:"
619:.
601:"
585:.
568:"
556:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
