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List of engineering branches

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the direction of a project engineer. Large projects are typically under the direction of a project manager or management team. Project tasks typically consist of such things as performing calculations, writing specifications, preparing bids, reviewing equipment proposals and evaluating or selecting equipment, and developing and maintaining various lists (equipment and materials lists) and drawings (electrical, instrument, and piping schematics, physical layouts and other drawings used in construction). Some facilities have in-house staff to handle small projects, while some major companies have a department that does internal project engineering. Large projects are typically contracted out to project engineering companies. Staffing at engineering companies varies according to the workload and duration of employment may only last until an individual's tasks are completed.
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health, energy conservation, and waste and pollution control. Additionally, students are given experience in plant design and layout, machine and wet process design and improvement, and designing and creating textile products. Throughout the textile engineering curriculum, students take classes from other engineering disciplines including mechanical, chemical, materials, and industrial engineering.
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Systems engineering deals with work-processes, optimization methods, and risk management tools. It overlaps technical and human-centered disciplines such as control engineering, industrial engineering, organizational studies, and project management. Systems engineering ensures that all likely aspects
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focuses on the methodologies, techniques, and tools that are the foundation of Web application development and which support their design, development, evolution, and evaluation. Web engineering is multidisciplinary and encompasses contributions from diverse areas such as systems analysis and design,
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Project engineering includes all parts of the design of manufacturing or processing facilities, either new or modifications to and expansions of existing facilities. A "project" consists of a coordinated series of activities or tasks performed by engineers and designers. A small project may be under
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Textile engineering courses deal with the application of scientific and engineering principles to the design and control of all aspects of fiber, textile, and apparel processes, products, and machinery. These include natural and man-made materials, interaction of materials with machines, safety and
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A discipline of engineering concerned with the application of geological science and engineering principles to fields, such as civil engineering, mining, environmental engineering, and forestry, among others. The work of geological engineers often directs or supports the work of other engineering
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focus on the provision of a static description of the hydrocarbon reservoir rock, while petroleum engineering focuses on estimation of the recoverable volume of this resource using a detailed understanding of the physical behavior of oil, water, and gas within porous rock at very high pressure.
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Telecommunications traffic engineering, teletraffic engineering, or traffic engineering is the application of traffic engineering theory to telecommunications. Teletraffic engineers use their knowledge of statistics including queuing theory, the nature of traffic, their practical models, their
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The application of quantum theory to the design of materials and devices. Now gaining recognition as its own branch of engineering, but more traditionally associated with sub-disciplines of electrical and computer engineering, communications engineering, solid-state and semiconductor materials
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Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on how to design and manage complex engineering projects over their life cycles. Issues, such as reliability, logistics and coordination of different teams, evaluation measurement, and other disciplines become more
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software engineering, hypermedia/hypertext engineering, requirements engineering, human-computer interaction, user interface, information technology engineering, information indexing and retrieval, testing, modeling and simulation, project management and graphic design and presentation
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Cryptographic engineering Cryptographic Engineering is the discipline of using cryptography to solve human problems. Cryptography is typically applied when trying to ensure data confidentiality, to authenticate people or devices, or to verify data integrity in risky
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Energy efficiency, energy services, facility management, plant engineering, environmental compliance, and energy production. Energy efficiency of buildings and manufacturing processes, employing advances in lighting, insulation, and heating/cooling properties.
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Energy efficiency, energy services, facility management, plant engineering, environmental compliance and energy production. Energy efficiency of buildings and manufacturing processes, employing advances in lighting, insulation and heating/cooling properties.
385:, is the process of planned human intervention in the course, characteristics, or flow of a river with the intention of producing some defined benefit—to manage the water resources, to protect against flooding, or to make passage along or across rivers easier 569:
The design and control of computing devices with the application of electrical systems. It involves the study of hardware and software systems that can process information, as well as digital logic design, computer architecture, and programming languages.
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Focuses on the design, operation, control, and optimization of chemical processes, including natural and man-made materials, the interaction of materials with machines, safety and health, energy conservation, and waste and pollution control.
2612:, (ITE) or information engineering methodology (IEM) is a software engineering approach to designing and developing information systems. It can also be considered as the generation, distribution, analysis, and use of information in systems 2069:
disciplines such as assessing the suitability of locations for civil engineering, environmental engineering, mining operations, and oil and gas projects by conducting geological, geoenvironmental, geophysical, and geotechnical studies.
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Is a field of engineering that involves the design, development, and testing of sports equipment. The equipment used by athletes has always gone through technological design and development based on current knowledge and understanding.
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The generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity and the design and maintenance of devices such as transformers, switchgear, electric generators, electric motors, high-voltage engineering, and power electronics.
491:, focuses on the transmission and processing of information through communications channels that are created by making use of applied electromagnetism in the physical world and are oftentimes divided in wired and wireless 578:, the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software and the study of these approaches; that is, the application of engineering and 2595:
the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software and the study of these approaches; that is, the application of engineering and
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measurements, and simulations to make predictions and to plan telecommunication networks such as a telephone network or the Internet. These tools and knowledge help provide reliable service at a lower cost
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The design, installation, operation, and monitoring of the technical services in buildings in order to ensure the safe, comfortable, and environmentally friendly operation.
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Medicine and healthcare biology, biocompatible prostheses, diagnostic and therapeutic devices ranging from clinical equipment to micro-implants, imaging equipment such as
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The design, development, and operation of systems for collecting and analyzing spatial information about the land, the oceans, natural resources, and manmade features.
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is the application of chemical, physical, and biological sciences to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms.
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An engineering discipline that involves the science, technology, and practice of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment.
117:. There are numerous other engineering sub-disciplines and interdisciplinary subjects that may or may not be part of these major engineering branches. 517:. Electronics engineering deals with the implementation of applications, principles, and algorithms developed within many related fields, for example 93:
to design, create, and analyze technological solutions cognizant of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost. In the
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Deals with municipal issues such as water and waste management, transportation networks, subdivisions, communications, hydrology, hydraulics, etc.
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Field-specific to the mechanical aspects of optical systems. Includes design, packaging, mounting and alignment mechanisms specific to
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The application of principles of biology and the tools of engineering to create usable, tangible, economically viable products.
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processing, recording, and processing biological signals for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, such as cardiac signals,
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involves the science, technology, and practice of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment
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Concerns dealing with different manufacturing practices and the research and development of systems, processes, machines,
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Farm power and machinery, biological material processes, bioenergy, farm structures, and agricultural natural resources.
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Concerns the manipulation and control of vibration, especially vibration isolation and the reduction of unwanted sounds.
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The design and maintenance of renewable energy devices such as those involved in solar, wind, and hydroelectric power.
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Concerned with the behavior of earth materials and soil and rock mechanics at the site of a civil engineering project.
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comprises the design and analysis of heat and mechanical power for the operation of machines and mechanical systems.
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IT system security: Engineers often spend time defining protocols and installing and configuring security devices
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The application of engineering principles to study and manipulate biological systems at the molecular level.
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The design, manufacture, and operation of the systems and equipment that propel and control vehicles.
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Clifford, Michael. An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering. Taylor & Francis Group LLC, 2006.
351:, a branch of engineering that deals with major railways and transportation systems involving trains 339:, a branch of transportation engineering focusing on the infrastructure necessary for transportation 193:
comprises the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and natural built environments.
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The design of instruments and systems that utilize the properties of electromagnetic radiation.
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The science and engineering of structured materials composed of two or more macroscopic phases
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The use of engineering to ensure the safe and efficient transportation of people and goods.
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dealing with the design, construction, and operation of all types of rail transport systems
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is the application of engineering principles to understand the properties of materials
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The science and technology of creating objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials
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The application of engineering to the improvement and protection of the environment.
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2012 25th IEEE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering (CCECE)
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Wiebe, A. J.; Chan, C. W. (April 2012). "Ontology driven software engineering".
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Field of engineering that designs, constructs, and maintains different types of
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Field of engineering that designs, constructs, and maintains different types of
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Concerns heating or cooling of processes, equipment, or enclosed environments.
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Study of the properties and engineering of semiconductor materials and devices
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Network maintenance: Engineers may also install, test, and configure networks
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Application of scientific approach and knowledge to solving legal problems.
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Design and manufacture of devices related to low-power electrical circuits (
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University of Arizona OPTI 421/521: Introductory Optomechanical Engineering
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calculations based upon continuum treatments of interfaces and their motion
313:, application of engineering principles to building design and construction 2316:, the design of electronics and systems on board an aircraft or spacecraft 3774: 3764: 3622: 2757: 2638:
Supply chain engineering concerns the planning, design, and operation of
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using electrical circuits, digital signal processors and microcontrollers
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The introduction of nanotechnology into existing fields of engineering.
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for the level of detail and tone in the descriptions of various fields.
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Prediction, planning, development, and management of water resources.
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engineers design, build, and manage scalable cloud infrastructure.
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Studies of the small scale properties and engineering of materials
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of a project or system are considered and integrated into a whole
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denotes a broad engineering field that covers subfields such as
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works with modification and manipulation of an organism's genes
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concerned with the activities related to the production of
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Military weapons and vehicles, such as artillery and tanks
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Gears, springs, screws, bolts, flywheel, machine components
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engineering, optical engineering and engineering physics.
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engineering, including fire detection and fire protection
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The science and engineering of ways to reduce corrosion
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Supply chain engineering : models and applications
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difficult when dealing with large or complex projects.
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Lighting, including artificial and emergency lighting,
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systems. Train signaling and automatic train control.
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studies behavior and interactions at a molecular level
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Julie Thompson Klein, Robert Frodeman, Carl Mitcham.
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The engineering of structures that support or resist
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Study of the properties and engineering of surfaces
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Mineral and energy resource exploration engineering
1588:Systems integration, manufacturing and management. 2328:Management of engineers and engineering processes 2246:, logistics, team coordination, machinery control 969:A range of methods used to investigate materials 796:simulation of how atoms move and materials change 2080:Geoenvironmental and hydrogeological engineering 1575:Information & electrical systems engineering 2132:Generation, distribution, analysis, and use of 884:Studies the physical and chemical behavior of 379:, channels, culverts, storm sewers) and canals 85:is the discipline and profession that applies 3021: 2960:Ravindran, Ravi; Warsing, Donald Jr. (2017). 2288:Mechanical and electrical engineering hybrid 2047:, photovoltaic systems, solar thermal systems 1760:, pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical delivery 772:The use of modeling, simulation, theory, and 8: 2429:Terrestrial and marine nuclear power plants 913:industrial fabrication of metallic materials 790:method to calculate many material properties 2228:Logistical and resource management systems 3076: 3028: 3014: 3006: 2722:Textile machinery design & maintenance 1478: 1010: 732: 433: 195: 130: 895:, and their mixtures, which are known as 70:Learn how and when to remove this message 2857:The Oxford Handbook of Interdisciplinary 2508:, well-drilling, cementation, and casing 291:, the behavior of structures subject to 2848: 2707:Industrial & production engineering 2576:Railway systems, including wheeled and 2543:Instrumentation and control engineering 2258:, safe operation and safe failure modes 1862:Food and biological process engineering 419:comprises the study and application of 3808:Electrical and electronics engineering 784:analysis of the energies of electrons 7: 3841: 1964:systems, containment, distribution, 1529:, products from biological materials 675:, to create coordination and harmony 89:theories, mathematical methods, and 3851: 2768:and other forms of computer crime. 1610:Computer-aided drawing and design ( 907:how combinations of elements behave 629:Power system operations and control 319:, the design of offshore structures 2610:Information technology engineering 2234:, tools, equipment, and processes 1287:and new telecommunication vehicles 925:Focuses on design and analysis of 25: 2985:Goetschalckx, Marc (2011-08-11). 2085:Geotechnical and rock engineering 1705:, materials implanted in the body 1395:Industrial Machines and Equipment 3860: 3850: 3840: 3831: 3830: 3700: 2812: 2252:, buildings and other structures 1367:Diesel engine (ICE) power plants 1293:, marine vehicles and structures 959:Materials implanted in the body 31: 2941:"ATMAE Membership Venn Diagram" 2748:engineers identify threats and 1858:, manipulate genes in organisms 768:Computational materials science 2712:Textile engineering management 1814:Biological systems engineering 1516:Biological systems engineering 1143:Electrical discharge machining 489:Telecommunications engineering 243:Municipal or urban engineering 1: 1902:Building services engineering 1867:Health and safety engineering 1570:Machinery systems engineering 1565:Natural resources engineering 1560:Health and safety engineering 1389:Industrial plant engineering 1163:Personal protective equipment 711:Renewable energy engineering 3058:List of engineering branches 2717:Textile fashion & design 1538:Biotechnological engineering 2297:Instrumentation engineering 2195:Natural language processing 1939:Public health engineering: 1872:Microbiological engineering 858:Instrumentation engineering 547:instrumentation engineering 359:Water resources engineering 227:Fire protection engineering 3913: 2883:10.1109/CCECE.2012.6334938 2447:design and control systems 1764:Rehabilitation engineering 1758:Pharmaceutical engineering 1738:, MRIs, EEGs, ultrasound, 1663:Biomedical nanoengineering 1649:Biomedical nanoengineering 1363:Hydroelectric power plants 1172:Optomechanical engineering 867:Electronic nanoengineering 845:Biomedical nanoengineering 3892:Engineering-related lists 3826: 3698: 3043: 2741:Cybersecurity Engineering 2558:Environmental engineering 2232:Manufacturing engineering 1912:Architectural engineering 1522:Biomechanical engineering 1376:Wind turbine power plants 1322:oceanographic engineering 1055:Manufacturing engineering 965:Material characterisation 880:Metallurgical engineering 836:Materials nanoengineering 788:Density functional theory 637:, involves the design of 311:Architectural engineering 211:Environmental engineering 2987:Supply chain engineering 2634:Supply chain engineering 2284:Mechatronics engineering 2250:Construction engineering 1831:Biomolecular engineering 1826:Biotechnical engineering 1494:Agricultural engineering 989:crystal structure method 977:crystal structure method 893:inter-metallic compounds 776:to understand materials 653:High voltage engineering 255:Geotechnical engineering 146:Biomolecular engineering 3897:Engineering disciplines 3887:Engineering occupations 3719:Bachelor of Engineering 3561:Engineering mathematics 2861:Oxford University Press 2727:Wet process engineering 2616:Teletraffic engineering 2389:Semiconductor materials 2292:Robotics and Automation 2262:Reliability engineering 2205:Medical image computing 2160:Artificial intelligence 2128:Information engineering 2075:Geophysical engineering 1836:Bioresource engineering 1794:Biochemical engineering 1690:Artificial heart valves 1533:Bioresource engineering 1504:Aquaculture engineering 1358:Coal-fired power plants 1353:Geothermal power plants 1337:Power plant engineering 1206:Optical instrumentation 1036:Architectural Acoustics 639:power system protection 623:power system protection 395:Groundwater engineering 304:and its effects on the 18:Branches of engineering 3818:Structural engineering 3813:Mechanical engineering 3556:Engineering management 2828:Outline of engineering 2563:Electrical engineering 2553:Structural engineering 2533:Mechanical engineering 2512:Production engineering 2477:, which can be either 2385:and nano-scale devices 2377:Quantum properties of 2324:Engineering management 2224:Industrial engineering 2064:Geological engineering 1956:Electrical engineering 1917:Mechanical engineering 1841:Bioprocess engineering 1820:Biomedical engineering 1808:Biosystems engineering 1779:Biological engineering 1645:Biomedical engineering 1543:Ecological engineering 1527:Bioprocess engineering 1510:Biosystems engineering 1269:Automotive engineering 1006:Mechanical engineering 1001:Mechanical engineering 635:Protection and control 551:electric power control 449:Electronic engineering 417:Electrical engineering 412:Electrical engineering 289:Earthquake engineering 275:Structural engineering 221:Ecological engineering 115:mechanical engineering 107:electrical engineering 3798:Aerospace engineering 3711:Engineering education 2863:, 2010. (pp. 149–150) 2838:Financial engineering 2500:Reservoir engineering 2465:Petroleum engineering 2393:semiconductor devices 2238:Component engineering 2099:Geomatics engineering 1877:Molecular engineering 1297:Aerospace engineering 1026:Acoustics engineering 810:Corrosion engineering 613:Power system planning 463:semiconductor devices 369:Hydraulic engineering 327:Transport engineering 156:Molecular engineering 111:materials engineering 3739:Graduate certificate 2593:Software engineering 2588:Software engineering 2506:Drilling engineering 2451:Radiation protection 2411:quantum cryptography 2336:Military engineering 2264:, product durability 1846:Cellular engineering 1730:Clinical engineering 1260:Vehicle engineering 1046:Underwater Acoustics 975:Electron diffraction 782:Electronic structure 728:Material engineering 723:Material engineering 586:Hardware engineering 576:Software engineering 565:Computer engineering 543:computer engineering 507:consumer electronics 233:Sanitary engineering 126:Chemical engineering 121:Chemical engineering 99:chemical engineering 3724:Bachelor of Science 3566:Engineering physics 3550:Engineering drawing 3072:Interdisciplinarity 2774:Penetration testing 2697:Apparel engineering 2686:Textile engineering 2667:Systems engineering 2572:Railway engineering 2538:Process engineering 2522:Project engineering 2425:Nuclear engineering 2407:Quantum information 2367:Quantum engineering 2244:Systems engineering 2210:Autonomous robotics 1966:distribution boards 1884:, protein synthesis 1882:Protein engineering 1856:Genetic engineering 1584:Applied engineering 1327:Railway engineering 1215:Thermal engineering 1133:Woodworking machine 1069:Musical instruments 981:Electron Microscopy 921:Polymer engineering 748:Ceramic engineering 683:Optical engineering 669:electric generators 619:Power system design 592:Network engineering 539:systems engineering 519:solid-state physics 503:digital electronics 471:Control engineering 461:components such as 455:electronic circuits 389:Coastal engineering 349:Railway engineering 343:Highway engineering 337:Traffic engineering 172:Process engineering 162:Genetic engineering 3326:Telecommunications 3231:Naval architecture 2946:2013-11-13 at the 2833:Social engineering 2820:Engineering portal 2702:Fabric engineering 2355:Mining engineering 2346:Combat engineering 2256:Safety engineering 2185:Information theory 2175:Telecommunications 2109:Survey engineering 2034:Energy engineering 1770:Tissue engineering 1745:Neural engineering 1720:and brain activity 1718:speech recognition 1694:artificial kidneys 1671:Bioinstrumentation 1555:Forest engineering 1488:Major specialties 1458:Energy engineering 1381:Solar power plants 1371:Tidal power plants 1318:Marine engineering 1291:Naval architecture 1248:Sports engineering 1020:Major specialties 800:Phase field models 794:Molecular dynamics 758:Composite material 742:Major specialties 647:telecommunications 527:telecommunications 499:analog electronics 481:and the design of 443:Major specialties 300:, the analysis of 265:Mining engineering 205:Major specialties 140:Major specialties 91:empirical evidence 50:You can assist by 3874: 3873: 3803:Civil engineering 3749:Licensed engineer 3744:Engineer's degree 3696: 3695: 3528:Building services 3511:Health technology 3372:Chemical reaction 3321:Signal processing 2996:978-1-4419-6512-7 2892:978-1-4673-1433-6 2803: 2802: 2790:Cloud engineering 2548:Civil engineering 2487:Petroleum geology 2416:Quantum computing 2272:Legal engineering 2170:Signal processing 2045:Solar engineering 1893:Synthetic biology 1753:neuro electronics 1709:Biomedical optics 1475:Interdisciplinary 1469: 1468: 1138:Balancing machine 995: 994: 987:X-ray diffraction 983:imaging structure 720: 719: 657:partial discharge 602:Power engineering 557:, and many others 535:signal processing 523:radio engineering 515:power electronics 473:, focuses on the 406: 405: 383:River engineering 317:Ocean engineering 306:built environment 191:Civil engineering 186:Civil engineering 183: 182: 103:civil engineering 80: 79: 72: 16:(Redirected from 3904: 3864: 3854: 3853: 3844: 3843: 3834: 3833: 3704: 3291:Electromechanics 3077: 3030: 3023: 3016: 3007: 3001: 3000: 2982: 2976: 2975: 2957: 2951: 2938: 2932: 2927: 2921: 2919:978-1-44411337-2 2911: 2905: 2904: 2877:. pp. 1–4. 2870: 2864: 2853: 2822: 2817: 2816: 2754:computer systems 2732:Yarn engineering 2598:computer science 2302:Optomechatronics 2180:Image processing 2150:Machine learning 2051:Wind engineering 1930:air conditioning 1851:Food engineering 1549:Food engineering 1479: 1225:Air conditioning 1158:Printing machine 1011: 733: 641:, measurements, 580:computer science 511:embedded systems 457:) making use of 434: 429:electromagnetism 298:Wind engineering 281:structural loads 196: 131: 95:contemporary era 75: 68: 64: 61: 55: 35: 34: 27: 21: 3912: 3911: 3907: 3906: 3905: 3903: 3902: 3901: 3877: 3876: 3875: 3870: 3822: 3769: 3753: 3729:Master's degree 3705: 3692: 3606:Instrumentation 3469: 3411: 3377:Electrochemical 3330: 3316:Radio frequency 3255: 3182: 3146:Municipal/Urban 3070: 3068: 3062: 3039: 3034: 3004: 2997: 2984: 2983: 2979: 2972: 2959: 2958: 2954: 2948:Wayback Machine 2939: 2935: 2928: 2924: 2912: 2908: 2893: 2872: 2871: 2867: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2818: 2811: 2808: 2750:vulnerabilities 2623:Web engineering 2445:Nuclear reactor 2435:Medical physics 2383:nanoelectronics 2308:Biomechatronics 2215:Mobile robotics 2190:Computer vision 1888:Systems biology 1736:Medical imaging 1698:artificial hips 1598:control systems 1477: 1471: 1404:Air compressors 1178:optical systems 1063:and equipment. 1041:Psychoacoustics 1003: 997: 871:Nanoelectronics 830:Nanoengineering 725: 693:Optoelectronics 665:electric motors 531:control systems 479:dynamic systems 414: 408: 293:seismic loading 188: 123: 76: 65: 59: 56: 49: 36: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3910: 3908: 3900: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3879: 3878: 3872: 3871: 3869: 3868: 3858: 3848: 3838: 3827: 3824: 3823: 3821: 3820: 3815: 3810: 3805: 3800: 3795: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3779: 3777: 3771: 3770: 3768: 3767: 3761: 3759: 3758:Related topics 3755: 3754: 3752: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3715: 3713: 3707: 3706: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3690: 3685: 3680: 3678:Sustainability 3675: 3670: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3650: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3614: 3613: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3578: 3573: 3568: 3563: 3558: 3553: 3547: 3542: 3540:Geoengineering 3537: 3536: 3535: 3525: 3524: 3523: 3521:Rehabilitation 3518: 3516:Pharmaceutical 3513: 3508: 3503: 3501:Bioinformatics 3493: 3488: 3483: 3477: 3475: 3471: 3470: 3468: 3467: 3462: 3460:Semiconductors 3457: 3452: 3450:Nanotechnology 3447: 3442: 3437: 3432: 3427: 3421: 3419: 3413: 3412: 3410: 3409: 3404: 3399: 3394: 3389: 3384: 3379: 3374: 3369: 3368: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3347: 3340: 3338: 3332: 3331: 3329: 3328: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3293: 3288: 3283: 3282: 3281: 3271: 3265: 3263: 3257: 3256: 3254: 3253: 3248: 3243: 3238: 3233: 3228: 3223: 3218: 3213: 3208: 3203: 3198: 3192: 3190: 3184: 3183: 3181: 3180: 3179: 3178: 3173: 3166:Transportation 3163: 3158: 3153: 3148: 3143: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3123: 3122: 3121: 3116: 3106: 3101: 3096: 3091: 3085: 3083: 3074: 3064: 3063: 3061: 3060: 3055: 3050: 3044: 3041: 3040: 3035: 3033: 3032: 3025: 3018: 3010: 3003: 3002: 2995: 2977: 2970: 2952: 2933: 2922: 2906: 2891: 2865: 2847: 2845: 2842: 2841: 2840: 2835: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2807: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2798: 2792: 2786: 2785: 2784: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2769: 2743: 2737: 2736: 2735: 2734: 2729: 2724: 2719: 2714: 2709: 2704: 2699: 2692: 2688: 2682: 2681: 2680: 2679: 2673: 2669: 2663: 2662: 2661: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2643: 2636: 2630: 2629: 2628: 2627: 2620: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2590: 2584: 2583: 2581: 2574: 2568: 2567: 2566: 2565: 2560: 2555: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2528: 2524: 2518: 2517: 2516: 2515: 2509: 2503: 2495: 2467: 2461: 2460: 2459: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2442: 2437: 2430: 2427: 2421: 2420: 2419: 2418: 2413: 2404: 2402:quantum optics 2395: 2386: 2373: 2369: 2363: 2362: 2360: 2357: 2351: 2350: 2349: 2348: 2341: 2338: 2332: 2331: 2329: 2326: 2320: 2319: 2318: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2299: 2289: 2286: 2280: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2268: 2267: 2266: 2265: 2259: 2253: 2247: 2241: 2229: 2226: 2220: 2219: 2218: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2200:Bioinformatics 2197: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2165:Control theory 2162: 2157: 2152: 2145: 2130: 2124: 2123: 2122: 2121: 2116: 2111: 2104: 2101: 2095: 2094: 2093: 2092: 2087: 2082: 2077: 2070: 2066: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2057: 2048: 2040: 2036: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2027: 2009: 2002: 1996: 1987: 1978: 1972: 1958: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1937: 1932: 1914: 1907: 1904: 1898: 1897: 1896: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1838: 1833: 1828: 1823: 1817: 1811: 1805: 1803:Bioengineering 1800: 1791: 1784: 1781: 1775: 1774: 1773: 1772: 1767: 1761: 1755: 1742: 1733: 1727: 1721: 1711: 1706: 1700: 1683: 1677:Bioinformatics 1674: 1666: 1651: 1641: 1640: 1639: 1638: 1636:Nanotechnology 1633: 1628: 1625: 1620: 1615: 1608: 1589: 1586: 1580: 1579: 1578: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1546: 1540: 1535: 1530: 1524: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1499: 1496: 1490: 1489: 1486: 1483: 1476: 1473: 1467: 1466: 1464: 1460: 1454: 1453: 1452: 1451: 1449:Piping systems 1446: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1425: 1420: 1411: 1406: 1399: 1390: 1386: 1385: 1384: 1383: 1378: 1373: 1368: 1365: 1360: 1355: 1348: 1339: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1330: 1324: 1315: 1294: 1288: 1264: 1261: 1257: 1256: 1254: 1250: 1244: 1243: 1242: 1241: 1232: 1227: 1220: 1217: 1211: 1210: 1209: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1193: 1188: 1181: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1135: 1126: 1121: 1111: 1105: 1100: 1091: 1081: 1079:Cleaning tools 1076: 1071: 1064: 1057: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1043: 1038: 1031: 1028: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1015: 1014:Subdiscipline 1002: 999: 993: 992: 991: 990: 984: 978: 970: 967: 961: 960: 957: 951: 950: 947: 941: 940: 937: 935:Semiconductors 931: 930: 923: 917: 916: 915: 914: 908: 900: 882: 876: 875: 874: 873: 864: 855: 842: 833: 825: 822: 820:Nanotechnology 816: 815: 812: 806: 805: 804: 803: 797: 791: 785: 777: 770: 764: 763: 760: 754: 753: 750: 744: 743: 740: 737: 736:Subdiscipline 724: 721: 718: 717: 715: 712: 708: 707: 706: 705: 700: 695: 688: 685: 679: 678: 677: 676: 650: 632: 626: 616: 608: 604: 598: 597: 596: 595: 589: 583: 571: 567: 561: 560: 559: 558: 492: 486: 466: 451: 445: 444: 441: 438: 437:Subdiscipline 413: 410: 404: 403: 402: 401: 392: 386: 380: 364: 361: 355: 354: 353: 352: 346: 340: 332: 329: 323: 322: 321: 320: 314: 308: 295: 284: 277: 271: 270: 269: 268: 260: 257: 251: 250: 248: 245: 239: 238: 237: 236: 230: 224: 216: 213: 207: 206: 203: 200: 199:Subdiscipline 187: 184: 181: 180: 178: 174: 168: 167: 166: 165: 159: 151: 148: 142: 141: 138: 135: 134:Subdiscipline 122: 119: 78: 77: 39: 37: 30: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3909: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3884: 3882: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3857: 3849: 3847: 3839: 3837: 3829: 3828: 3825: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3801: 3799: 3796: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3783: 3781: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3772: 3766: 3763: 3762: 3760: 3756: 3750: 3747: 3745: 3742: 3740: 3737: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3716: 3714: 3712: 3708: 3703: 3689: 3686: 3684: 3681: 3679: 3676: 3674: 3671: 3669: 3666: 3664: 3661: 3659: 3656: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3612: 3609: 3608: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3582: 3579: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3569: 3567: 3564: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3551: 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3538: 3534: 3531: 3530: 3529: 3526: 3522: 3519: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3498: 3497: 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3478: 3476: 3472: 3466: 3463: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3451: 3448: 3446: 3443: 3441: 3438: 3436: 3433: 3431: 3428: 3426: 3423: 3422: 3420: 3418: 3414: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3352: 3351: 3348: 3345: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3337: 3333: 3327: 3324: 3322: 3319: 3317: 3314: 3312: 3309: 3307: 3304: 3302: 3299: 3297: 3294: 3292: 3289: 3287: 3284: 3280: 3277: 3276: 3275: 3272: 3270: 3267: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3258: 3252: 3249: 3247: 3244: 3242: 3239: 3237: 3234: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3224: 3222: 3221:Manufacturing 3219: 3217: 3214: 3212: 3211:Biomechanical 3209: 3207: 3204: 3202: 3199: 3197: 3194: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3185: 3177: 3174: 3172: 3169: 3168: 3167: 3164: 3162: 3159: 3157: 3154: 3152: 3149: 3147: 3144: 3142: 3139: 3137: 3134: 3132: 3129: 3127: 3124: 3120: 3117: 3115: 3112: 3111: 3110: 3109:Environmental 3107: 3105: 3102: 3100: 3097: 3095: 3092: 3090: 3089:Architectural 3087: 3086: 3084: 3082: 3078: 3075: 3073: 3065: 3059: 3056: 3054: 3051: 3049: 3046: 3045: 3042: 3038: 3031: 3026: 3024: 3019: 3017: 3012: 3011: 3008: 2998: 2992: 2988: 2981: 2978: 2973: 2971:9781138077720 2967: 2964:. CRC Press. 2963: 2956: 2953: 2949: 2945: 2942: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2926: 2923: 2920: 2916: 2910: 2907: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2869: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2852: 2849: 2843: 2839: 2836: 2834: 2831: 2829: 2826: 2825: 2821: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2799: 2796: 2793: 2791: 2788: 2787: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2771: 2770: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2746:Cybersecurity 2744: 2742: 2739: 2738: 2733: 2730: 2728: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2718: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2705: 2703: 2700: 2698: 2695: 2694: 2693: 2689: 2687: 2684: 2683: 2676: 2675: 2674: 2670: 2668: 2665: 2664: 2659: 2656: 2654: 2651: 2649: 2646: 2645: 2644: 2641: 2640:supply chains 2637: 2635: 2632: 2631: 2624: 2621: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2604: 2603: 2602: 2600:to software. 2599: 2594: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2585: 2582: 2579: 2575: 2573: 2570: 2569: 2564: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2549: 2546: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2536: 2534: 2531: 2530: 2529: 2525: 2523: 2520: 2519: 2513: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2468: 2466: 2463: 2462: 2457: 2456:Fusion Energy 2454: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2438: 2436: 2433: 2432: 2431: 2428: 2426: 2423: 2422: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2408: 2405: 2403: 2399: 2396: 2394: 2390: 2387: 2384: 2380: 2379:nanomaterials 2376: 2375: 2374: 2370: 2368: 2365: 2364: 2361: 2358: 2356: 2353: 2352: 2347: 2344: 2343: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2333: 2330: 2327: 2325: 2322: 2321: 2315: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2300: 2298: 2295: 2294: 2293: 2290: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2281: 2278: 2275: 2273: 2270: 2269: 2263: 2260: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2239: 2236: 2235: 2233: 2230: 2227: 2225: 2222: 2221: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2147: 2146: 2143: 2139: 2135: 2131: 2129: 2126: 2125: 2120: 2117: 2115: 2112: 2110: 2107: 2106: 2105: 2102: 2100: 2097: 2096: 2091: 2088: 2086: 2083: 2081: 2078: 2076: 2073: 2072: 2071: 2067: 2065: 2062: 2061: 2056: 2055:wind turbines 2052: 2049: 2046: 2043: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2035: 2032: 2031: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2010: 2007: 2003: 2000: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1988: 1986: 1985:alarm systems 1982: 1979: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1967: 1963: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1950: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1936: 1935:Refrigeration 1933: 1931: 1927: 1923: 1920: 1919: 1918: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1909: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1899: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1842: 1839: 1837: 1834: 1832: 1829: 1827: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1815: 1812: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1786: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1776: 1771: 1768: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1737: 1734: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1724:Biotechnology 1722: 1719: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1687: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1675: 1672: 1669: 1668: 1667: 1664: 1660: 1656: 1652: 1650: 1646: 1643: 1642: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1624: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1607: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1591: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1539: 1536: 1534: 1531: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1511: 1508: 1505: 1502: 1501: 1500: 1497: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1487: 1484: 1481: 1480: 1474: 1472: 1465: 1461: 1459: 1456: 1455: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1426: 1424: 1421: 1419: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1401: 1400: 1398: 1396: 1391: 1388: 1387: 1382: 1379: 1377: 1374: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1351: 1350: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1310: 1306: 1302: 1298: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1259: 1258: 1255: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1245: 1240: 1236: 1233: 1231: 1230:Refrigeration 1228: 1226: 1223: 1222: 1221: 1218: 1216: 1213: 1212: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1191:Laser systems 1189: 1187: 1184: 1183: 1182: 1179: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1169: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1130: 1127: 1125: 1122: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1062: 1058: 1056: 1053: 1052: 1047: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1012: 1009: 1007: 1000: 998: 988: 985: 982: 979: 976: 973: 972: 971: 968: 966: 963: 962: 958: 956: 953: 952: 948: 946: 943: 942: 938: 936: 933: 932: 928: 924: 922: 919: 918: 912: 911:Metal working 909: 906: 903: 902: 901: 898: 894: 890: 887: 883: 881: 878: 877: 872: 868: 865: 863: 859: 856: 854: 850: 846: 843: 841: 840:Nanomaterials 837: 834: 831: 828: 827: 826: 823: 821: 818: 817: 813: 811: 808: 807: 801: 798: 795: 792: 789: 786: 783: 780: 779: 778: 775: 771: 769: 766: 765: 761: 759: 756: 755: 751: 749: 746: 745: 741: 738: 735: 734: 731: 729: 722: 716: 713: 710: 709: 704: 703:Optomechanics 701: 699: 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88: 84: 74: 71: 63: 53: 47: 45: 40:This article 38: 29: 28: 19: 3782:Engineering 3628:Mechatronics 3481:Agricultural 3131:Geotechnical 3099:Construction 3057: 2989:. 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