583:, and enable them to ambush passing prey, such as large insects, frogs and mice. The females spend the majority of their lives in their burrows. The burrows are typically located in or not far from vegetation and consist of a single entrance with a tunnel leading to one or two chambers. The entrance is just slightly larger than the body size of the spider. The tunnel, usually about three times the tarantula's leg span in length, leads to a chamber which is large enough for the spider to safely molt. Further down the burrow, via a shorter tunnel, a larger chamber is located where the spider rests and eats its prey. When the tarantula needs privacy, e.g. when molting or laying eggs, the entrance is sealed with silk, sometimes supplemented with soil and leaves.
33:
349:
507:
99:
57:
335:
is a large spider. A sample of seven females had a total body length (excluding chelicerae and spinnerets) in the range 52–59 mm (2.0–2.3 in). A sample of eight males were slightly smaller, with a total body length in the range 44–49 mm (1.7–1.9 in). Although males have slightly
344:
are bluish black with three distinctly colored rings: dark reddish orange on the part of the patellae closest to the body with light yellowish pink further away, pale yellowish pink on the lower part of the tibiae, and pinkish white at the end of the metatarsi. Adult males have a yellowish brown
607:
species were added. Large numbers of
Mexican redknee tarantulas caught in the wild continue to be smuggled out of Mexico. It is reported that at least 3,000 specimens of Mexican tarantulas were sent to the United States or Europe a few years prior to 2017, most of which were Mexican redknee
345:
carapace; the upper surface of the abdomen is black. Adult females vary more in carapace color and pattern. The carapace may be mainly bluish black with a light brown border, or the dark area may be broken up into a "starburst" pattern or almost reduced to two dark patches in the eye area.
391:
was an immature male, and redescribed the species using two different specimens: an adult male and an adult female. The specimens he used cannot now be found, but his description makes it clear that they actually belonged to a different species,
490:
are similar in superficial external appearance, they are clearly distinguished both by some finer aspects of morphology and by their DNA barcodes, although the supposed species
482:(COI) is used, primarily to identify existing species, but also sometimes to support a separation between species. In 2017, Mendoza and Francke showed that although
1067:
1196:
808:
1106:
843:
755:
red-kneed tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), and the use of DNA barcodes to assist in the identification and conservation of CITES-listed species",
1041:
1080:
362:
230:
1211:
479:
1085:
32:
625:
Fukushima, C.; Mendoza, J.; West, R.; Longhorn, S.; Rivera Téllez, E.; Cooper, E.W.T.; Henriques, S.; Cardoso, P. (2019).
1002:
304:. Mexican redknee tarantulas are a popular choice as pets among tarantula keepers. Many earlier sources referring to
98:
1206:
1111:
348:
336:
shorter bodies, they have longer legs. The fourth leg is the longest, measuring 70 mm (2.8 in) in the
438:
430:
410:
984:
866:
957:
564:. It constructs or extends burrows under rocks and tree roots, among dense thickets and deciduous forests.
1201:
919:
1007:
1173:
213:
1168:
1028:
966:
827:
369:. It was collected at Dos Arroyos, Guerrero, Mexico, by H. H. Smith. It was transferred to the genus
649:
506:
394:
296:
46:
772:
384:
239:
93:
1072:
1132:
1015:
802:
580:
475:
1160:
1137:
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421:
lacks these bands. Mature males of the two species can be distinguished by the shape of the
971:
822:
1119:
1098:
889:
561:
451:
was described as a separate species in 1997, but is now considered to be conspecific with
61:
383:
as a female, but in 1968 it was noticed that it was actually an immature male. In 1994,
380:
337:
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have two brownish pink bands on a greyish background, not visible on all individuals.
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1093:
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170:
66:
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546:
376:
1020:
1150:
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951:
422:
371:
190:
140:
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The two species have very similar colour patterns. When viewed from above, the
852:(Theraphosidae, Theraphosinae) with Morphological Evidence for Their Synonymy"
942:
558:
471:
180:
130:
110:
671:
445:; also the ventral face of the spermatheca is striated rather than smooth.
1124:
994:
936:
554:
530:
These two were formerly often treated as the same species under the name
388:
341:
321:
150:
1046:
706:
283:
1059:
979:
571:
were described in 1999 by a source which did not distinguish between
568:
545:
are found along the
Pacific coast of Mexico on opposite sides of the
317:
287:
160:
120:
913:
768:
1145:
600:
505:
347:
83:
77:
1033:
579:. The deep burrows keep them protected from predators, like the
917:
751:
Mendoza, J. & Francke, O. (2017), "Systematic revision of
340:
male and 66 mm (2.6 in) in a female. The legs and
441:
is divided and subtriangular, rather than elliptical as in
316:
is a terrestrial tarantula native to
Pacific coast of the
294:(tarantulas) native to Mexico. It has been confused with
844:"Distribution and Natural History of Mexican Species of
926:
433:and a wider keel at the apex. In mature females of
429:is straighter with a broad spoon shape when viewed
797:, Biologia Centrali-Americana, London, p. 20
557:. The natural habitat of the species is in hilly
312:or do not distinguish between the two species.
650:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T8152A148728332.en
8:
746:
744:
742:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
701:
699:
697:
695:
693:
691:
466:has been applied to some Mexican species of
894:(F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897): Documents"
470:. In this approach, a portion of about 650
914:
842:Locht, A.; Yáñez, M.; Vázquez, I. (1999),
807:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
795:Arachnida - Araneida and Opiliones, vol. 2
379:in 1903. Pickard-Cambridge identified the
55:
31:
20:
648:
617:
553:is found to the south, in the state of
268:Tesmoingt, Cleton & Verdez, 1997
800:
1197:IUCN Red List near threatened species
398:. Even prior to Smith's description,
246:
7:
789:Pickard-Cambridge, F.O. (1897), "2.
549:basin as it opens onto the Pacific.
900:, UNEP-WCMC & CITES Secretariat
636:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
361:The species was first described by
14:
260:(F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897)
1174:urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:001866
97:
711:(F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897)"
252:F.O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897
1:
717:, Natural History Museum Bern
603:, and in 1994, all remaining
595:(then not distinguished from
363:Frederick Pickard-Cambridge
40:Original 1897 illustration
1228:
859:The Journal of Arachnology
402:had been misidentified as
302:Mexican redknee tarantulas
1212:Spiders described in 1897
865:: 196–200, archived from
245:
238:
219:
212:
94:Scientific classification
92:
75:
53:
44:
39:
30:
23:
757:Invertebrate Systematics
502:Distribution and habitat
300:; both have been called
535:
353:
352:A newly moulted female
643:: e.T8152A148728332.
541:and the very similar
510:Distribution of some
509:
437:the baseplate of the
351:
828:Animal Diversity Web
823:"Brachypelma smithi"
715:World Spider Catalog
672:"Appendices | CITES"
480:cytochrome oxidase I
573:Brachypelma hamorii
520:Brachypelma hamorii
449:Brachypelma annitha
387:confirmed that the
297:Brachypelma hamorii
265:Brachypelma annitha
47:Conservation status
985:brachypelma-smithi
972:Brachypelma_smithi
958:Brachypelma smithi
928:Brachypelma smithi
892:Brachypelma smithi
709:Brachypelma smithi
629:Brachypelma smithi
539:Brachypelma smithi
536:
532:Brachypelma smithi
527:Brachyplema smithi
514:species in Mexico:
354:
333:Brachypelma smithi
279:Brachypelma smithi
223:Brachypelma smithi
25:Brachypelma smithi
1207:Spiders of Mexico
1184:
1183:
1133:Open Tree of Life
920:Taxon identifiers
601:CITES Appendix II
581:white-nosed coati
494:is nested within
308:either relate to
275:
274:
269:
261:
253:
87:
70:
16:Species of spider
1219:
1177:
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1154:
1153:
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1140:
1128:
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1115:
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879:
878:
877:
871:
856:
839:
833:
832:
819:
813:
812:
806:
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791:Eurypelma smithi
786:
780:
779:
748:
725:
724:
723:
722:
703:
686:
685:
683:
682:
668:
662:
661:
659:
657:
652:
622:
599:) was placed on
562:tropical forests
525:
518:
367:Eurypelma smithi
267:
259:
251:
249:Eurypelma smithi
231:F.O. P-Cambridge
225:
102:
101:
81:
64:
59:
58:
35:
21:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1221:
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1216:
1187:
1186:
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1123:
1120:Observation.org
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983:
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935:
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820:
816:
799:
788:
787:
783:
769:10.1071/IS16023
750:
749:
728:
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718:
707:"Taxon details
705:
704:
689:
680:
678:
670:
669:
665:
655:
653:
624:
623:
619:
614:
597:B. hamorii
589:
543:B. hamorii
529:
523:
522:
516:
515:
504:
496:B. smithii
492:B. annitha
488:B. hamorii
461:
443:B. hamorii
415:B. hamorii
400:B. hamorii
395:B. hamorii
377:Reginald Pocock
359:
330:
310:B. hamorii
257:Euathlus smithi
234:
227:
221:
208:
96:
88:
71:
62:Near Threatened
60:
56:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1225:
1223:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1189:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1178:
1165:
1155:
1142:
1129:
1116:
1103:
1090:
1077:
1064:
1051:
1038:
1025:
1012:
999:
989:
976:
963:
948:
932:
930:
924:
923:
918:
910:
909:
881:
850:Brachypelmides
834:
814:
781:
763:(2): 157–179,
726:
687:
663:
616:
615:
613:
610:
593:B. smithi
588:
585:
577:B. smithi
551:B. smithi
503:
500:
484:B. smithi
460:
457:
453:B. smithi
435:B. smithi
431:retrolaterally
427:B. smithi
419:B. smithi
404:B. smithi
358:
355:
329:
326:
314:B. smithi
306:B. smithi
290:in the family
273:
272:
271:
270:
262:
254:
243:
242:
236:
235:
228:
217:
216:
210:
209:
205:B. smithi
202:
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196:
195:
188:
184:
183:
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37:
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28:
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15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1224:
1213:
1210:
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1202:Theraphosidae
1200:
1198:
1195:
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1175:
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1162:
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1152:
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986:
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934:
933:
931:
929:
925:
921:
916:
899:
895:
893:
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882:
872:on 2016-03-03
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528:
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508:
501:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
476:mitochondrial
473:
469:
465:
464:DNA barcoding
459:DNA barcoding
458:
456:
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450:
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444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
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412:
407:
405:
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397:
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382:
381:type specimen
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356:
350:
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343:
339:
334:
327:
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292:Theraphosidae
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266:
263:
258:
255:
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247:
244:
241:
237:
232:
226:
224:
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215:
214:Binomial name
211:
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198:
197:
194:
193:
189:
186:
185:
182:
181:Theraphosidae
179:
176:
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171:Mygalomorphae
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159:
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85:
79:
74:
68:
63:
52:
48:
43:
38:
34:
29:
26:
22:
19:
927:
902:, retrieved
897:
891:
884:
874:, retrieved
867:the original
862:
858:
849:
845:
837:
826:
817:
794:
790:
784:
760:
756:
752:
719:, retrieved
714:
708:
679:. Retrieved
675:
666:
654:. Retrieved
640:
634:
628:
620:
608:tarantulas.
604:
596:
592:
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587:Conservation
576:
572:
566:
550:
547:Balsas River
542:
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531:
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222:
220:
204:
203:
191:
167:Infraorder:
24:
18:
1055:iNaturalist
952:Wikispecies
846:Brachypelma
753:Brachypelma
656:20 November
605:Brachypelma
512:Brachypelma
468:Brachypelma
439:spermatheca
423:palpal bulb
385:A. M. Smith
372:Brachypelma
365:in 1897 as
328:Description
192:Brachypelma
141:Chelicerata
137:Subphylum:
80:Appendix II
1191:Categories
904:2017-09-22
876:2017-09-21
793:, sp.n.",
721:2017-09-18
681:2022-01-14
612:References
472:base pairs
425:. That of
411:chelicerae
131:Arthropoda
676:cites.org
591:In 1985,
559:deciduous
320:state of
199:Species:
151:Arachnida
117:Kingdom:
111:Eukaryota
1146:Species+
1073:10029484
992:BioLib:
937:Wikidata
898:Species+
803:citation
777:89587966
555:Guerrero
389:holotype
357:Taxonomy
322:Guerrero
240:Synonyms
177:Family:
127:Phylum:
121:Animalia
107:Domain:
67:IUCN 3.1
1161:2083732
1047:2153432
1034:1181785
943:Q300963
569:burrows
474:of the
318:Mexican
284:species
233:, 1897)
187:Genus:
161:Araneae
157:Order:
147:Class:
82: (
65: (
1158:uBio:
1138:793531
1125:564406
1086:852996
1008:168887
995:312949
980:ARKive
775:
288:spider
1112:54074
1068:IRMNG
1060:68728
870:(PDF)
855:(PDF)
773:S2CID
478:gene
342:palps
282:is a
84:CITES
78:CITES
1151:6716
1107:NCBI
1099:8152
1094:IUCN
1081:ITIS
1042:GBIF
1021:MYBY
1003:BOLD
848:and
809:link
658:2021
641:2019
575:and
567:The
486:and
338:type
1169:WSC
1029:EoL
1016:CoL
967:ADW
765:doi
645:doi
413:of
375:by
286:of
1193::
1171::
1148::
1135::
1122::
1109::
1096::
1083::
1070::
1057::
1044::
1031::
1018::
1005::
982::
969::
954::
939::
896:,
863:27
861:,
857:,
825:.
805:}}
801:{{
771:,
761:31
759:,
729:^
713:,
690:^
674:.
639:.
633:.
534:.
524:██
517:██
498:.
455:.
406:.
324:.
890:"
831:.
811:)
767::
684:.
660:.
647::
631:"
627:"
229:(
86:)
69:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
