44:
88:
794:), Cyprus, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel-Palestine, Kazakhstan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey. In eastern Europe, it is found in Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine. In middle Europe, it is found in Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia and Switzerland. In northern Europe, in Ireland and the United Kingdom. In southeastern Europe, within Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Montenegro,
698:
709:
3006:
2996:
63:
720:
801:
It was introduced to the
Pacific coast of North America and is considered an invasive species. The plant was brought here centuries ago by Catholic missionaries during the era of Spanish exploration and colonization, as a food crop, according to Matt Loftis, a manager of Mountain Forestry Department
727:
It is an upright plant, with large stalked leaves. They are covered with hairs or bristles at the base, but on the stem smoother. It can reach up to 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) tall in moist fertile soil. It blooms in summer, from May (in the UK) onwards. The flowers have four yellow petals,
830:
in vinegar. In 13th century France the seeds were ground and used. They were mixed with unfermented grape juice (must) to create "moût-ardent" ("burning must"). This became later "moutarde", or
728:
which are twice as long as the sepals. Each stem has around four flowers at the top, forming a ring around the stem. Later, the plant forms long seed pods, that contain rounded seeds.
841:
removed. The small (1 mm) seeds are hard and vary in color from dark brown to black. They are flavorful, although they have almost no aroma. The seeds are commonly used in
924:
with the paste. This poultice was put on the chest or the back and left until the person felt a stinging sensation. Mustard poultice could also be used to aid muscular pains.
1599:
3862:
3445:
920:
to treat respiratory infections was popular before the advent of modern medicine. It consisted in mixing ground mustard seeds with flour and water, and creating a
3680:
3533:
3942:
1512:
774:
It is found in North Africa, within
Algeria, Egypt, Eritrea, Libya, Ethiopia, Morocco and Tunisia. Within Asia, it is found in Afghanistan, Armenia, the
802:
at TreePeople in Los
Angeles, California. It has since thrived unchecked, aided by a similar Mediterranean climate in Southern California. Ng, Fiona
3823:
3396:
3875:
3836:
3471:
3409:
1592:
3654:
3569:
1203:
4047:
4032:
43:
1543:
4027:
3962:
3287:
2714:
1448:
Mejia-Garibay, B.; Palou, E.; Guerrero-Beltrán, J. A.; López-Malo, A. (June 2015). "Physical and antioxidant characteristics of black (
1345:
3321:
3282:
2800:
1585:
3957:
3551:
3033:
2966:
2706:
1158:
1068:
910:
In the UK, the plant was used to make "hot mustard baths", which would aid people with colds. Ground seeds of the plant mixed with
1401:
1484:
3849:
3101:
803:
3997:
3972:
3726:
740:
in "Deutschl. Fl." (or
Deutschlands Flora) ed.3 on page 713 in 1833. This was based on a description by the Swedish botanist
3880:
3633:
3476:
3987:
3520:
857:, after which they pop, releasing a characteristic nutty flavor. The seeds have a significant amount of fatty oil, mainly
87:
4022:
3810:
3458:
3200:
892:
713:
902:, because some cultivars of brown mustard have seeds that can be mechanically harvested in a more efficient manner.
3982:
3888:
3731:
3667:
3114:
2719:
2060:
2010:
1034:
1029:
3992:
3977:
3538:
3119:
1534:
4037:
4017:
3967:
3574:
2729:
2595:
2309:
1509:
3893:
3672:
4002:
3947:
3373:
1968:
868:
The young leaves, buds and flowers are edible. In
Ethiopia, where the plant is cultivated as a vegetable in
3378:
3352:
4012:
4007:
3347:
3238:
3056:
3022:
2793:
1785:
1738:
3218:
3009:
2882:
2724:
2192:
1878:
1838:
1800:
1623:
1521:
Proceedings of the IPGRI International
Workshop on Genetic Resources of Traditional Vegetables in Africa
204:
3841:
3414:
1318:
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3295:
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2446:
2363:
2237:
2135:
1810:
1765:
1702:
1567:
737:
223:
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2847:
2314:
2207:
2150:
2128:
1973:
1280:
1195:
968:
831:
52:
3512:
689:. It is native to cooler regions of North Africa, temperate regions of Europe, and parts of Asia.
4042:
3914:
3759:
3360:
3248:
3161:
2546:
2471:
2177:
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1868:
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1117:
779:
231:
82:
3741:
3659:
3365:
3274:
2665:
1173:
1150:
3867:
3450:
3595:
3256:
3028:
2999:
2868:
2833:
2826:
2786:
2747:
2625:
2605:
2565:
2511:
2413:
2408:
1995:
1805:
1718:
1656:
1465:
1298:
1209:
1199:
1154:
1064:
798:, Romania, Serbia and Slovenia. Also in southwestern Europe, it is found in France and Spain.
3708:
3623:
3600:
3489:
2635:
2403:
2388:
2368:
2050:
1931:
1685:
1370:
1109:
881:
3437:
1561:
1426:
1253:
804:
https://laist.com/news/climate-environment/yellow-wildflowers-socal-bad-for-our-environment
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3751:
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2257:
2202:
2182:
2145:
2100:
1903:
1863:
1516:
949:
899:
795:
125:
3646:
1227:
914:
are widely used in eastern Europe as a cough suppressant. In
Eastern Canada, the use of
697:
3641:
3339:
3172:
2931:
2861:
2630:
2600:
2570:
2553:
2476:
2344:
2269:
2093:
2055:
2030:
1988:
1951:
1538:
842:
748:
708:
702:
181:
112:
3685:
1572:
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3484:
2989:
2941:
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2640:
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2456:
2324:
2294:
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2222:
2197:
2000:
1748:
1121:
985:
939:
933:
741:
220:
72:
67:
766:
to tropical regions of North Africa, temperate regions of Europe and parts of Asia.
17:
3919:
3764:
3079:
3038:
3018:
2919:
2620:
2610:
2580:
2516:
2506:
2486:
2466:
2284:
2082:
2025:
2020:
1963:
1723:
1303:
1285:
990:
819:
763:
682:
171:
3815:
3261:
1346:"This super bloom is pretty dangerous: Invasive mustard is fuel for the next fire"
3802:
3791:
3205:
3192:
1113:
3718:
3525:
3507:
3499:
3422:
3155:
3088:
2650:
2645:
2590:
2526:
2491:
2299:
2227:
2187:
2045:
1921:
1644:
1020:
862:
161:
3182:
880:, the shoots and leaves are consumed cooked and the seeds used as a spice. Its
2757:
2752:
2690:
2675:
2615:
2304:
2212:
1958:
1795:
1790:
1728:
1639:
1381:. The University of Georgia - Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health
858:
3326:
3146:
1213:
3610:
3334:
3308:
2767:
2762:
2560:
2531:
2481:
2423:
2329:
2217:
2123:
2077:
1697:
1577:
838:
823:
815:
3463:
1469:
719:
685:
cultivated for its dark-brown-to-black seeds, which are commonly used as a
3906:
3698:
1191:
Edible Wild Plants: A North
American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods
1189:
754:
is derived from the Latin word for black. This is due to the black seeds.
3901:
3785:
3693:
3546:
3228:
3140:
3073:
2961:
2951:
2946:
2936:
2926:
2914:
2810:
2680:
2655:
2373:
2358:
2140:
2067:
2035:
1983:
1936:
1893:
1873:
1858:
1823:
1651:
1281:
The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick
Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants
1060:
921:
775:
138:
3587:
3388:
3828:
3401:
3269:
3093:
2899:
2585:
2536:
2451:
2441:
2383:
2319:
2289:
1978:
1941:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1833:
1675:
996:
957:
953:
944:
827:
787:
898:
Since the 1950s, black mustard has become less popular as compared to
3427:
3213:
2976:
2971:
2956:
2904:
2541:
2496:
2436:
2393:
2334:
2279:
2242:
2162:
2157:
2118:
2015:
2005:
1926:
1888:
1828:
1818:
1692:
1680:
1670:
869:
791:
151:
3106:
3050:
837:
A spice is generally made from ground seeds of the plant, with the
3854:
3313:
2660:
2501:
2461:
2431:
2378:
2353:
2339:
2087:
2072:
1946:
1913:
1898:
1883:
1770:
1665:
1629:
911:
891:
Black mustard is thought to be the seed mentioned by Jesus in the
877:
873:
846:
783:
718:
707:
696:
686:
99:
2398:
2113:
1743:
1733:
1614:
854:
3300:
3054:
2782:
1581:
948:) are not in the same genus. Black mustard belongs to the same
1510:"Conservation and use of traditional vegetables in Ethiopia"
2778:
1485:"8 Incredible Mustard Oil Benefits That Make It So Popular"
1084:
Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. (2021). "Nomenclatural
Adjustments in
1147:
Reader's Digest Field Guide to the Wild Flowers of Britain
938:
Despite their similar common names, black mustard and
3775:
3130:
3063:
2892:
2818:
2740:
2699:
2422:
1912:
1613:
826:in the 1st century A.D. The plant leaves were also
814:More than 2,000 years ago, the plant was used as a
1379:Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System
1015:
1013:
2551:
853:. The seeds are usually thrown into hot oil or
865:in India, where it is called "sarson ka tel".
2794:
1593:
1188:Elias, Thomas S.; Dykeman, Peter A. (2009) .
8:
915:
3051:
2801:
2787:
2779:
1600:
1586:
1578:
61:
42:
31:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1564:, with pictures and detailed information
1313:
1311:
1009:
244:
1483:Borah, Plavaneeta (30 November 2016).
1458:Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición
304:(Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Spach ex Coss.
7:
3732:d2c05cc4-22e5-4ba3-b754-e3b3db0dd092
3562:febb37ad-94f4-45da-9a6f-f8bb754afb1f
1562:Entry in Gernot Katzer's spice pages
1400:O'Sullivan, Eve (17 February 2014).
1183:
1181:
3943:IUCN Red List least concern species
3120:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77218493-1
25:
1234:. theplantlist.org. 23 March 2012
3894:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:289039-1
3673:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:279422-1
3005:
3004:
2995:
2994:
1402:"How to cook with mustard seeds"
1344:Panzar, Javier (25 April 2019).
1232:(L.) K.Koch is an accepted name"
86:
976:), which is a perennial plant.
1964:Peppercorn (black/green/white)
1427:"Mustard Seeds / Rai / Sarson"
972:, or hoary mustard, (formerly
1:
1568:Entry in Illinois Wildflowers
1456:) seeds and their products".
1100:(Brassicaceae, Cruciferae)".
1063:: Alison Hodge. p. 104.
736:It was formally described by
1533:Post, George Edward (1900).
1523:(Nairobi, 29–31 August 1995)
1114:10.3100/hpib.v26iss1.2021.n1
861:. This oil is used often as
712:Black mustard fruits at the
620:(Rouy & Foucaud) A.Chev.
545:Raphanus sinapis-officinalis
4048:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
4033:Flora of Palestine (region)
1776:Kinh gioi (Vietnamese balm)
1057:Exploring the Cornish Coast
893:Parable of the Mustard Seed
714:Jardin des Plantes de Paris
4064:
4028:Flora of Lebanon and Syria
3963:Medicinal plants of Europe
1035:Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
1030:Plants of the World Online
931:
818:; it was mentioned by the
436:(Pers.) Rouy & Foucaud
2985:
1698:Coriander leaf / Cilantro
1608:Culinary herbs and spices
1544:A Dictionary of the Bible
237:
230:
210:
203:
83:Scientific classification
81:
59:
50:
41:
34:
3958:Medicinal plants of Asia
3034:Cruciferous Biochemistry
2596:Montreal steak seasoning
1102:Harvard Papers in Botany
758:Distribution and habitat
701:Black mustard plants in
849:, where it is known as
3023:Cruciferous vegetables
2552:
1452:) and yellow mustard (
1055:David Chapman (2008).
916:
724:
716:
705:
521:Melanosinapis communis
3998:Flora of the Caucasus
3973:Flora of North Africa
3065:Rhamphospermum nigrum
2883:Brassica tournefortii
1023:Rhamphospermum nigrum
722:
711:
700:
666:Rhamphospermum nigrum
260:Fisch. & C.A.Mey.
214:Rhamphospermum nigrum
36:Rhamphospermum nigrum
3988:Flora of Afghanistan
2841:Brassica fruticulosa
2447:Beau monde seasoning
1812:Limnophila aromatica
1299:The Names of Plants
1153:. 1981. p. 41.
481:Brassica sinapioides
473:Brassica sinapioides
257:Brassica bracteolata
249:Brassica brachycarpa
18:Brassica bracteolata
4023:Flora of Kazakhstan
2848:Brassica hilarionis
2571:Jamaican jerk spice
2193:Japanese pricklyash
1323:(L.) W. D. J. Koch"
974:Brassica geniculata
969:Hirschfeldia incana
723:Black mustard seeds
572:Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
561:Sinapis erysimoides
553:Sinapis bracteolata
529:Melanosinapis nigra
388:(O.E.Schulz) Gladis
272:Halácsy ex Formánek
53:Conservation status
2547:Herbes de Provence
2178:Grains of paradise
2041:Crushed red pepper
1755:Houttuynia cordata
1515:2012-07-07 at the
1174:New England Botany
917:mouche de moutarde
806:1 June 2024 LAist
725:
717:
706:
500:Rouy & Foucaud
484:Roth ex W.D.J.Koch
468:Rouy & Foucaud
465:Brassica persoonii
400:Rouy & Foucaud
3983:Flora of Ethiopia
3930:
3929:
3596:Open Tree of Life
3057:Taxon identifiers
3048:
3047:
2869:Brassica oleracea
2834:Brassica elongata
2827:Brassica carinata
2776:
2775:
2748:Chinese herbology
2626:Pumpkin pie spice
2606:Old Bay Seasoning
2566:Italian seasoning
2512:Five-spice powder
1814:(rice-paddy herb)
1657:Indian bay leaf (
1350:Los Angeles Times
1278:Allen J. Coombes
1205:978-1-4027-6715-9
845:, for example in
662:
661:
649:Sisymbrium nigrum
617:Sinapis persoonii
508:(L.) E.H.L.Krause
505:Crucifera sinapis
265:Brassica elongata
76:
16:(Redirected from
4055:
3993:Flora of Armenia
3978:Flora of Eritrea
3923:
3922:
3910:
3909:
3897:
3896:
3884:
3883:
3871:
3870:
3858:
3857:
3845:
3844:
3832:
3831:
3819:
3818:
3806:
3805:
3796:
3795:
3794:
3768:
3767:
3755:
3754:
3745:
3744:
3735:
3734:
3722:
3721:
3712:
3711:
3702:
3701:
3689:
3688:
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3663:
3662:
3650:
3649:
3637:
3636:
3627:
3626:
3614:
3613:
3604:
3603:
3591:
3590:
3578:
3577:
3565:
3564:
3555:
3554:
3542:
3541:
3529:
3528:
3526:NHMSYS0000456605
3516:
3515:
3503:
3502:
3493:
3492:
3480:
3479:
3467:
3466:
3454:
3453:
3441:
3440:
3431:
3430:
3418:
3417:
3405:
3404:
3392:
3391:
3382:
3381:
3369:
3368:
3356:
3355:
3343:
3342:
3330:
3329:
3317:
3316:
3304:
3303:
3291:
3290:
3278:
3277:
3265:
3264:
3252:
3251:
3242:
3241:
3232:
3231:
3222:
3221:
3209:
3208:
3196:
3195:
3186:
3185:
3176:
3175:
3166:
3165:
3164:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3123:
3122:
3110:
3109:
3097:
3096:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3052:
3008:
3007:
2998:
2997:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2780:
2557:
2364:Tasmanian pepper
2345:Sichuan pepper (
2300:Pomegranate seed
2114:Dill / Dill seed
1969:Brazilian pepper
1932:Alligator pepper
1686:garlic / Chinese
1602:
1595:
1588:
1579:
1549:
1548:
1530:
1524:
1506:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1429:. food-india.com
1423:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1412:
1397:
1391:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1358:
1356:
1341:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1315:
1306:
1294:
1288:
1276:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1258:(L.) W.D.J.Koch"
1250:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1239:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1185:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1143:
1126:
1125:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1052:
1046:
1045:
1043:
1041:
1025:(L.) Al-Shehbaz"
1017:
919:
778:, China (in the
749:specific epithet
653:
645:
637:
629:
625:Sinapis torulosa
621:
613:
612:Willd. ex Ledeb.
609:Sinapis orgyalis
605:
593:
581:
573:
565:
557:
549:
541:
533:
525:
517:
513:Erysimum glabrum
509:
501:
497:Brassica turgida
493:
489:Brassica sinapis
485:
477:
469:
461:
449:
437:
425:
413:
401:
389:
377:
365:
353:
341:
329:
317:
305:
293:
281:
273:
269:longipedicellata
261:
253:
216:
91:
90:
70:
65:
64:
46:
32:
27:Species of plant
21:
4063:
4062:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4053:
4052:
4038:Leaf vegetables
4018:Flora of Israel
3968:Flora of Europe
3933:
3932:
3931:
3926:
3918:
3913:
3905:
3900:
3892:
3887:
3879:
3874:
3866:
3861:
3853:
3848:
3840:
3835:
3827:
3822:
3814:
3809:
3801:
3799:
3790:
3789:
3784:
3771:
3763:
3758:
3750:
3748:
3740:
3738:
3730:
3725:
3717:
3715:
3707:
3705:
3697:
3692:
3684:
3679:
3671:
3666:
3658:
3653:
3645:
3640:
3632:
3630:
3622:
3617:
3609:
3607:
3599:
3594:
3586:
3583:Observation.org
3581:
3573:
3568:
3560:
3558:
3550:
3545:
3537:
3532:
3524:
3519:
3511:
3506:
3498:
3497:MichiganFlora:
3496:
3488:
3483:
3475:
3470:
3462:
3457:
3449:
3444:
3436:
3434:
3426:
3421:
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3387:
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3364:
3359:
3351:
3346:
3338:
3333:
3325:
3320:
3312:
3307:
3299:
3294:
3286:
3281:
3273:
3268:
3260:
3255:
3247:
3245:
3237:
3235:
3227:
3225:
3217:
3212:
3204:
3199:
3191:
3189:
3181:
3179:
3171:
3169:
3160:
3159:
3154:
3145:
3144:
3139:
3126:
3118:
3113:
3105:
3100:
3092:
3087:
3078:
3077:
3072:
3059:
3049:
3044:
3043:
2981:
2910:Chinese cabbage
2888:
2855:Brassica juncea
2814:
2807:
2777:
2772:
2736:
2695:
2671:Tandoori masala
2418:
2295:Peruvian pepper
2183:Grains of Selim
2168:Aromatic ginger
2101:Bunium persicum
1908:
1609:
1606:
1558:
1553:
1552:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1517:Wayback Machine
1507:
1503:
1493:
1491:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1447:
1446:
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1432:
1430:
1425:
1424:
1420:
1410:
1408:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1382:
1371:"black mustard
1369:
1368:
1364:
1354:
1352:
1343:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1326:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1295:
1291:
1277:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1237:
1235:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1206:
1198:. p. 100.
1187:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1151:Reader's Digest
1145:
1144:
1129:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1071:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1039:
1037:
1019:
1018:
1011:
1006:
982:
966:also resembles
936:
930:
908:
812:
796:North Macedonia
790:, Xinjiang and
772:
760:
734:
695:
658:
651:
643:
641:Sinapis turgida
635:
633:Sinapis turgida
627:
619:
611:
603:
591:
579:
571:
569:Sinapis gorraea
563:
555:
547:
539:
531:
523:
515:
507:
499:
491:
483:
475:
467:
459:
447:
435:
423:
411:
399:
387:
375:
363:
351:
339:
327:
315:
303:
291:
280:(L.) W.D.J.Koch
279:
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259:
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242:
226:
218:
212:
199:
85:
77:
66:
62:
55:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4061:
4059:
4051:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4010:
4005:
4003:Flora of China
4000:
3995:
3990:
3985:
3980:
3975:
3970:
3965:
3960:
3955:
3950:
3948:Rhamphospermum
3945:
3935:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3925:
3924:
3920:wfo-0000432712
3911:
3898:
3885:
3872:
3859:
3846:
3833:
3820:
3807:
3797:
3781:
3779:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3765:wfo-0000571314
3756:
3746:
3736:
3723:
3713:
3703:
3690:
3677:
3664:
3651:
3638:
3628:
3624:Brassica nigra
3615:
3611:Brassica_nigra
3605:
3592:
3579:
3566:
3556:
3552:Brassica~nigra
3543:
3530:
3517:
3504:
3494:
3481:
3468:
3455:
3442:
3432:
3419:
3406:
3393:
3383:
3370:
3366:Brassica nigra
3357:
3344:
3331:
3318:
3305:
3292:
3288:Brassica_nigra
3279:
3266:
3253:
3249:brassica-nigra
3243:
3233:
3223:
3219:brassica-nigra
3210:
3197:
3187:
3177:
3167:
3152:
3136:
3134:
3132:Brassica nigra
3128:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3111:
3098:
3085:
3069:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3055:
3046:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3002:
2992:
2986:
2983:
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2980:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2932:Collard greens
2929:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2917:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2879:
2872:
2865:
2862:Brassica napus
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2822:
2820:
2816:
2815:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2783:
2774:
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2770:
2765:
2760:
2755:
2750:
2744:
2742:
2741:Related topics
2738:
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2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2709:
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2701:
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2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2601:Mulling spices
2598:
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2588:
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2578:
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2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2477:Cinnamon sugar
2474:
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2420:
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2389:Voatsiperifery
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2277:
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2255:
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2240:
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2200:
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2190:
2185:
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2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2148:
2138:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2094:Nigella sativa
2085:
2080:
2078:Coriander seed
2075:
2070:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2033:
2028:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
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1955:
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1597:
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1575:
1570:
1565:
1557:
1556:External links
1554:
1551:
1550:
1539:James Hastings
1525:
1508:Zemede Asfaw,
1501:
1475:
1450:Brassica nigra
1440:
1418:
1392:
1373:Brassica nigra
1362:
1336:
1325:. ars-grin.gov
1321:Brassica nigra
1307:
1289:
1271:
1256:Brassica nigra
1254:"Brassicaceae
1245:
1230:Brassica nigra
1219:
1204:
1177:
1166:
1159:
1127:
1094:Rhamphospermum
1076:
1069:
1047:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:
993:
988:
981:
978:
929:
928:Similar plants
926:
907:
904:
843:Indian cuisine
811:
808:
771:
768:
759:
756:
733:
730:
694:
691:
671:Brassica nigra
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558:
550:
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502:
494:
486:
478:
470:
462:
453:Brassica nigra
450:
441:Brassica nigra
438:
429:Brassica nigra
426:
417:Brassica nigra
414:
405:Brassica nigra
402:
393:Brassica nigra
390:
381:Brassica nigra
378:
369:Brassica nigra
366:
357:Brassica nigra
354:
345:Brassica nigra
342:
333:Brassica nigra
330:
321:Brassica nigra
318:
309:Brassica nigra
306:
297:Brassica nigra
294:
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282:
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234:
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196:R. nigrum
193:
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187:
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183:Rhamphospermum
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2:
4060:
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4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4013:Flora of Iraq
4011:
4009:
4008:Flora of Iran
4006:
4004:
4001:
3999:
3996:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3984:
3981:
3979:
3976:
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3821:
3817:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3798:
3793:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:
3777:Sinapis nigra
3774:
3766:
3761:
3757:
3753:
3747:
3743:
3737:
3733:
3728:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3710:
3704:
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3695:
3691:
3687:
3682:
3678:
3674:
3669:
3665:
3661:
3656:
3652:
3648:
3643:
3639:
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3625:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3606:
3602:
3597:
3593:
3589:
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3580:
3576:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3553:
3548:
3544:
3540:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3522:
3518:
3514:
3509:
3505:
3501:
3495:
3491:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3473:
3469:
3465:
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3456:
3452:
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3439:
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3403:
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3341:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3323:
3319:
3315:
3310:
3306:
3302:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3258:
3254:
3250:
3244:
3240:
3234:
3230:
3224:
3220:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3188:
3184:
3178:
3174:
3168:
3163:
3162:Mutarda nigra
3157:
3153:
3148:
3142:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3129:
3121:
3116:
3112:
3108:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3058:
3053:
3040:
3039:genera (list)
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3026:
3024:
3020:
3016:
3015:
3011:
3003:
3001:
2993:
2991:
2990:Triangle of U
2988:
2987:
2984:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2967:Spring greens
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2942:Mustard plant
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2877:
2876:Brassica rapa
2873:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2859:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2836:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2804:
2799:
2797:
2792:
2790:
2785:
2784:
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2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
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2745:
2743:
2739:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
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2704:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2641:Ras el hanout
2639:
2637:
2636:Quatre épices
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2577:
2576:Khmeli suneli
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:Garlic powder
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
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2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2457:Bouquet garni
2455:
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2448:
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2239:
2236:
2234:
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2229:
2226:
2224:
2223:Litsea cubeba
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
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2198:Juniper berry
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2019:
2017:
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2002:
2001:Celery powder
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1806:Lemon verbena
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1677:
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1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1646:
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1638:
1636:
1633:
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1631:
1628:
1626:
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1621:
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1618:
1616:
1612:
1603:
1598:
1596:
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1560:
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1540:
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1529:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1511:
1505:
1502:
1490:
1486:
1479:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1464:(2): 128–35.
1463:
1459:
1455:
1454:Brassica alba
1451:
1444:
1441:
1428:
1422:
1419:
1407:
1403:
1396:
1393:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1366:
1363:
1351:
1347:
1340:
1337:
1324:
1322:
1314:
1312:
1308:
1305:
1302:, p. 273, at
1301:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1287:
1284:, p. 241, at
1283:
1282:
1275:
1272:
1259:
1257:
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1246:
1233:
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1223:
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1182:
1178:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1162:
1160:9780276002175
1156:
1152:
1148:
1142:
1140:
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1136:
1134:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1070:9780906720561
1066:
1062:
1058:
1051:
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1036:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1003:
999:
998:
994:
992:
989:
987:
986:Mustard plant
984:
983:
979:
977:
975:
971:
970:
965:
961:
959:
955:
951:
947:
946:
941:
940:white mustard
935:
934:Triangle of U
927:
925:
923:
918:
913:
906:Folk medicine
905:
903:
901:
900:brown mustard
896:
894:
889:
887:
883:
879:
875:
871:
866:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
835:
833:
829:
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821:
817:
809:
807:
805:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
769:
767:
765:
757:
755:
753:
750:
745:
743:
742:Carl Linnaeus
739:
731:
729:
721:
715:
710:
704:
699:
692:
690:
688:
684:
680:
679:black mustard
676:
675:Sinapis nigra
672:
668:
667:
650:
647:
642:
639:
634:
631:
626:
623:
618:
615:
610:
607:
604:(Pers.) Mérat
602:
598:
597:Sinapis nigra
595:
592:(Pers.) Mérat
590:
586:
585:Sinapis nigra
583:
578:
577:Sinapis nigra
575:
570:
567:
562:
559:
554:
551:
546:
543:
538:
537:Mutarda nigra
535:
530:
527:
522:
519:
514:
511:
506:
503:
498:
495:
490:
487:
482:
479:
474:
471:
466:
463:
458:
454:
451:
448:(Pers.) Alef.
446:
442:
439:
434:
430:
427:
424:(Pers.) Alef.
422:
418:
415:
410:
406:
403:
398:
394:
391:
386:
382:
379:
374:
370:
367:
362:
358:
355:
350:
346:
343:
338:
334:
331:
326:
325:carneodentata
322:
319:
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307:
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298:
295:
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286:
283:
278:
275:
270:
266:
263:
258:
255:
250:
247:
246:
245:
236:
233:
229:
225:
222:
217:
215:
209:
206:
205:Binomial name
202:
198:
197:
192:
189:
188:
185:
184:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
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150:
147:
144:
143:
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137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
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118:
117:
114:
113:Tracheophytes
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
89:
84:
80:
74:
69:
68:Least Concern
58:
54:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
30:
19:
3776:
3131:
3064:
3019:Brassicaceae
3017:
3010:Brassicaceae
2920:Napa cabbage
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2809:
2621:Powder-douce
2611:Panch phoron
2581:Lemon pepper
2517:Garam masala
2507:Fines herbes
2487:Curry powder
2467:Chaat masala
2346:
2325:Sarsaparilla
2285:Onion powder
2252:
2233:Mango-ginger
2099:
2092:
2026:Chili powder
1811:
1801:Lemon myrtle
1758:
1754:
1709:
1708:Vietnamese (
1658:
1622:
1542:
1528:
1520:
1504:
1492:. Retrieved
1488:
1478:
1461:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1443:
1431:. Retrieved
1421:
1409:. Retrieved
1406:The Guardian
1405:
1395:
1383:. Retrieved
1378:
1372:
1365:
1353:. Retrieved
1349:
1339:
1327:. Retrieved
1320:
1304:Google Books
1297:
1296:D. Gledhill
1292:
1286:Google Books
1279:
1274:
1262:. Retrieved
1255:
1248:
1236:. Retrieved
1229:
1222:
1194:. New York:
1190:
1169:
1146:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1090:Ceratocnemum
1089:
1085:
1079:
1056:
1050:
1038:. Retrieved
1028:
1022:
995:
991:Mustard seed
973:
967:
963:
962:
943:
937:
909:
897:
890:
885:
867:
850:
836:
834:in English.
813:
800:
773:
761:
751:
746:
735:
726:
683:annual plant
678:
674:
670:
665:
664:
663:
648:
640:
632:
624:
616:
608:
600:
596:
588:
584:
576:
568:
560:
552:
544:
536:
532:(L.) Calest.
528:
520:
512:
504:
496:
488:
480:
472:
464:
456:
452:
444:
440:
432:
428:
420:
416:
408:
404:
396:
392:
384:
380:
372:
368:
360:
356:
348:
344:
336:
332:
324:
320:
312:
308:
300:
296:
288:
284:
276:
268:
264:
256:
248:
213:
211:
195:
194:
182:
172:Brassicaceae
145:
132:
119:
106:
35:
29:
3647:kew-2682421
3508:NatureServe
3423:iNaturalist
3156:Wikispecies
3089:iNaturalist
2720:Bangladeshi
2651:Sharena sol
2646:Recado rojo
2631:Qâlat daqqa
2591:Mixed spice
2527:Garlic salt
2492:Doubanjiang
2228:Long pepper
2188:Horseradish
2006:Celery seed
1879:Sanshō leaf
1796:Lemon grass
863:cooking oil
786:, Jiangsu,
703:Saarbrücken
693:Description
652:(L.) Prantl
540:(L.) Bernh.
301:bracteolata
162:Brassicales
126:Angiosperms
3937:Categories
3739:WisFlora:
3642:Plant List
3236:Calflora:
3107:77218493-1
3080:Q119850797
2758:Marination
2753:Herbal tea
2715:Australian
2711:By region
2686:Yuzu koshō
2676:Thuna paha
2616:Persillade
2369:Tonka bean
2305:Poppy seed
2213:Dried lime
2136:Fingerroot
2051:New Mexico
1959:Asafoetida
1791:Lemon balm
1749:Hoja santa
1729:Curry leaf
1494:9 November
1433:9 November
1411:9 November
1329:9 November
1264:9 November
1260:. ipni.org
1238:9 November
1004:References
932:See also:
859:oleic acid
839:seed coats
747:The Latin-
376:O.E.Schulz
337:condensata
313:breviflora
289:abyssinica
252:P.Candargy
224:Al-Shehbaz
4043:Oil seeds
3792:Q21877455
3379:200009265
3353:200009265
3335:FloraBase
3246:Cal-IPC:
2893:Cultivars
2768:Spice rub
2763:Seasoning
2730:Pakistani
2561:Idli podi
2532:Gochujang
2482:Crab boil
2399:Yuzu zest
2330:Sassafras
2218:Liquorice
2124:Fenugreek
2061:Cultivars
1535:"Mustard"
1214:244766414
1122:235769737
964:R. nigrum
922:cataplasm
886:senafitch
824:Columella
816:condiment
780:provinces
738:Karl Koch
409:subglabra
397:persoonii
349:dentifera
190:Species:
96:Kingdom:
3902:Tropicos
3868:10742025
3855:289039-1
3786:Wikidata
3727:VicFlora
3716:VASCAN:
3694:Tropicos
3608:PalDat:
3547:NSWFlora
3513:2.137649
3451:10884481
3283:eFloraSA
3226:BioLib:
3141:Wikidata
3074:Wikidata
3029:Brassica
3000:Brassica
2962:Rutabaga
2952:Rapeseed
2947:Nanohana
2937:Kohlrabi
2927:Choy sum
2915:Bok choy
2811:Brassica
2707:Culinary
2681:Vadouvan
2656:Shichimi
2554:Húng lìu
2374:Turmeric
2359:Tamarind
2208:Korarima
2141:Galangal
2109:Deulkkae
2068:Cinnamon
2046:Jalapeño
2036:Chipotle
1984:Cardamom
1937:Allspice
1904:Woodruff
1894:Tarragon
1859:Rosemary
1824:Marjoram
1786:Lavender
1781:Kkaennip
1719:Culantro
1703:Bolivian
1652:Bay leaf
1624:Angelica
1573:Mustards
1513:Archived
1489:ndtv.com
1470:26817385
1385:25 April
1355:25 April
1319:"Taxon:
1196:Sterling
1061:Penzance
980:See also
884:name is
776:Caucasus
732:Taxonomy
681:, is an
589:torulosa
457:vulgaris
421:torulosa
361:glabrata
340:Hausskn.
232:Synonyms
168:Family:
139:Eudicots
73:IUCN 3.1
3907:4101548
3829:3042660
3709:4957811
3699:4100069
3402:3042658
3270:Ecocrop
3147:Q381942
3094:1451050
2900:Bomdong
2819:Species
2691:Za'atar
2586:Mitmita
2537:Harissa
2452:Berbere
2442:Baharat
2409:Zereshk
2404:Zedoary
2384:Vanilla
2347:huājiāo
2320:Saffron
2310:Radhuni
2290:Paprika
2275:Njangsa
2270:Nigella
2248:Mustard
2146:greater
2056:Tabasco
2031:Cayenne
2011:Charoli
1979:Caraway
1974:Camphor
1942:Amchoor
1854:Perilla
1849:Parsley
1844:Oregano
1839:Mitsuba
1834:Mugwort
1759:giấp cá
1739:Epazote
1710:rau răm
1676:Chervil
1541:(ed.).
1098:Sinapis
1086:Eutrema
1040:22 June
997:Sinapis
958:turnips
954:cabbage
945:Sinapis
942:(genus
882:Amharic
832:mustard
828:pickled
822:author
788:Qinghai
669:(syns.
636:A.Chev.
601:turgida
516:C.Presl
445:turgida
433:turgida
431:proles
395:proles
385:hispida
383:subsp.
373:hispida
292:A.Braun
178:Genus:
158:Order:
100:Plantae
71: (
3953:Spices
3881:521554
3816:199195
3800:APDB:
3706:uBio:
3686:2888-7
3655:PLANTS
3601:833635
3559:NZOR:
3490:170108
3389:BRANIG
3386:FoIO:
3327:163691
3301:583895
3214:ARKive
3190:APDB:
3170:AoFP:
2977:Turnip
2972:Tatsoi
2957:Rapini
2905:Canola
2725:Indian
2542:Hawaij
2497:Douchi
2472:Chaunk
2437:Advieh
2432:Adjika
2424:Blends
2394:Wasabi
2335:Sesame
2280:Nutmeg
2243:Mahleb
2238:Mastic
2173:Golpar
2163:Ginger
2158:Garlic
2151:lesser
2119:Fennel
2016:Chenpi
1996:Cassia
1927:Ajwain
1922:Aonori
1914:Spices
1889:Sorrel
1874:Savory
1819:Lovage
1766:Hyssop
1693:Cicely
1681:Chives
1671:Borage
1659:tejpat
1468:
1212:
1202:
1157:
1120:
1096:, and
1067:
870:Gondar
792:Xizang
764:native
762:It is
752:nigrum
548:Crantz
524:Spenn.
492:Noulet
412:Kuntze
364:Zapał.
352:Zapał.
328:Kuntze
316:Zapał.
152:Rosids
3863:IRMNG
3842:33975
3803:77703
3749:WoI:
3681:SANBI
3631:PFI:
3570:NZPCN
3477:23061
3464:10097
3446:IRMNG
3435:IPA:
3428:53112
3361:FoAO2
3322:EUNIS
3314:BRSNI
3229:39212
3206:66646
3193:78030
3180:APA:
2700:Lists
2666:Tajin
2661:Tabil
2502:Duqqa
2462:Buknu
2379:Uzazi
2354:Sumac
2340:Shiso
2263:white
2258:brown
2253:black
2203:Kokum
2088:Cumin
2083:Cubeb
2073:Clove
2021:Chili
1989:black
1947:Anise
1899:Thyme
1884:Shiso
1771:Jimbu
1724:Cress
1666:Boldo
1645:Lemon
1630:Basil
1615:Herbs
1537:. In
1118:S2CID
950:tribe
912:honey
878:Shewa
874:Harar
847:curry
820:Roman
784:Gansu
770:Range
687:spice
644:Pers.
628:Pers.
599:var.
587:var.
564:Roxb.
556:G.Don
460:Alef.
455:var.
443:var.
419:var.
407:var.
323:var.
299:var.
287:var.
267:var.
146:Clade
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
3889:POWO
3876:ITIS
3850:IPNI
3837:GRIN
3824:GBIF
3811:APNI
3752:1719
3742:2785
3719:3923
3668:POWO
3660:BRNI
3634:1658
3619:PfaF
3588:6480
3575:3521
3539:3710
3534:NCBI
3485:IUCN
3472:ITIS
3438:5206
3415:7666
3410:GRIN
3397:GBIF
3340:2996
3309:EPPO
3262:N82D
3239:1144
3201:APNI
3183:1218
3115:POWO
3102:IPNI
2414:Zest
2315:Rose
2129:blue
1952:star
1869:Sage
1829:Mint
1744:Hemp
1734:Dill
1640:Thai
1635:Holy
1496:2017
1466:PMID
1435:2017
1413:2017
1387:2019
1357:2019
1331:2017
1266:2017
1240:2017
1210:OCLC
1200:ISBN
1155:ISBN
1065:ISBN
1042:2023
956:and
876:and
855:ghee
810:Uses
673:and
476:Roth
241:List
3915:WFO
3760:WFO
3521:NBN
3500:615
3459:ISC
3374:FoC
3348:FNA
3296:EoL
3275:550
3257:CoL
3173:456
1864:Rue
1110:doi
952:as
851:rai
782:of
677:),
371:f.
359:f.
347:f.
335:f.
311:f.
3939::
3917::
3904::
3891::
3878::
3865::
3852::
3839::
3826::
3813::
3788::
3762::
3729::
3696::
3683::
3670::
3657::
3644::
3621::
3598::
3585::
3572::
3549::
3536::
3523::
3510::
3487::
3474::
3461::
3448::
3425::
3412::
3399::
3376::
3363::
3350::
3337::
3324::
3311::
3298::
3285::
3272::
3259::
3216::
3203::
3158::
3143::
3117::
3104::
3091::
3076::
3027::
1519:,
1487:.
1462:65
1460:.
1404:.
1377:.
1348:.
1310:^
1208:.
1180:^
1149:.
1130:^
1116:.
1108:.
1106:26
1104:.
1092:,
1088:,
1059:.
1033:.
1027:.
1012:^
960:.
895:.
888:.
872:,
744:.
580:L.
221:L.
148::
135::
122::
109::
3025:)
3021:(
2802:e
2795:t
2788:v
2349:)
1761:)
1757:(
1712:)
1661:)
1601:e
1594:t
1587:v
1547:.
1498:.
1472:.
1437:.
1415:.
1389:.
1375:"
1359:.
1333:.
1268:.
1242:.
1228:"
1216:.
1163:.
1124:.
1112::
1073:.
1044:.
1021:"
75:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
