920:. After Leal resigned after seven months in office, Bezerra accepted reappointment and resumed the Presidency of the Federation on August 3, 1895, a position he held until his death in 1900. During his term, the FEB's bookstore was inaugurated (March 31, 1897), responsible for editing, distributing, and promoting Spiritist literature. However, at least until 1910, all the "classics of Spiritism" released by the FEB's bookstore were edited by the publishing company
162:
866:
25:
107:, the Brazilian Spiritist Federation quickly established the format of Spiritism as a religion in Brazil. In various countries, the federation provides extensive support to mediums, speakers, and other Spiritist organizations, publishes and translates books on the subject, and promotes charitable actions. The FEB is the representative association of Brazil in the
1052:
A decade later (1977), the FEB established the
Campaign for the Evangelization of Childhood and Youth and published "Adaptation of Spiritist Centers for Better Service to their Purposes". This work was followed in 1980 by "Guidelines for Spiritist Centers". In 1984, the FEB established the campaign
881:
In its founding year, the
Brazilian Spiritist Federation soon began charitable social work. However, in its early years, the FEB also faced various difficulties, both administrative and financial, as well as ideological issues internally, and the political and social upheavals of the country's
856:
On the following day (January 2), its first board of directors was elected and inaugurated, consisting of Major
Ewerton Quadros as president, Fernandes Filgueiras as vice-president, Silveira Pinto as secretary, Elias da Silva as treasurer, and Xavier Pinheiro as archivist. The institution was
1060:
In 1990, the campaigns "In
Defense of Life" and "Living in Family" were launched, along with the publications "Spiritist Social Communication" and "Spiritist Assistance and Promotion". In 1996, the FEB launched its website in four languages: Portuguese, English, French, and Spanish.
915:
in the public meetings held at the
Federation. In 1890, the "Service for Assistance to the Needy" was established, which was an important basis for the activities of prescribing mediums in the institution. In the beginning of 1895, Bezerra was succeeded by
1009:", considered the most important document of Spiritism in the country as it represented the unification of the Spiritist movement at the national level through the coordination of the FEB. As a result of the document's signing, on January 2, 1950, the
950:" (Parnassus from Beyond the Tomb), which gained great attention from the press and the Brazilian public. The format of the work was not new; it followed the pattern of another work whose rights the institution already possessed –
793:. It should be remembered that in the same year, Elias da Silva organized a fraternal meeting of Spiritist leaders due to the disagreements among the members of Spiritist institutions in the capital at that time – the
812:
With these factors combined, the
Brazilian Spiritist Federation was founded on January 1, 1884, in a meeting organized by Elias da Silva. In addition to Augusto Elias da Silva, Francisco Raimundo Ewerton Quadros,
956:(4 volumes) – a collection of messages (texts, letters, and poems) mostly from renowned deceased authors of Portuguese literature, received in the first decade of the 20th century by the Portuguese medium
1202:
In each
Brazilian state and the Federal District, there is an institution that, autonomously and independently, integrates the Brazilian Spiritist Federation for more direct support to spiritist centers:
932:
After several changes of address since its founding, the FEB's own headquarters was inaugurated on
December 10, 1911, on the former Rua do Sacramento (currently Av. Passos, 28–30), in Rio de Janeiro, by
990:
against the FEB and
Francisco Cândido Xavier, seeking the alleged copyright over the psychographed messages attributed to her deceased husband. Since then, the entity began using the pseudonym "
902:(1893). These circumstances led to the departure of a significant portion of the FEB's initial members, leaving the survival of the institution in the hands of a few collaborators.
909:. As the head of the institution, Bezerra consolidated the "religious" aspect of Spiritism as the most prominent in Brazil. He initially introduced the systematic study of
114:
According to data from 2006, the FEB provided philanthropic social assistance to approximately a thousand families and maintained a daycare center for 800 children in
882:
capital externally. As an example of the former, there was a division within the movement between the so-called "secular" or "scientific" faction, led by
Professor
1013:(CFN) was established in Rio de Janeiro, bringing together the representatives of the signing State Spiritist Federations. As a result of this effort, the "
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979:(New State) in 1937, on October 27, the FEB's premises were closed by the police, but three days later, they were reopened by the order of Dr.
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1057:(ESDE), released the "Manual of Administration of Spiritist Centers," and relocated its headquarters to BrasĂlia in its own building.
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in Esperanto (1946). Two years later, on September 9, 1948, the FEB inaugurated its "Publishing and Graphics Department".
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1420:. Proceedings of the XXVI National History Symposium – ANPUH. São Paulo, 2011. Accessed on: March 3, 2015.
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In 1936, the Department of Esperanto was established at the FEB. On the eve of the establishment of the
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Finally, in 1960, in the context of the transfer of the capital of the country from Rio de Janeiro to
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Afinal, espiritismo Ă© religiĂŁo?: A doutrina espĂrita na formação da diversidade religiosa brasileira
1300:
FEB collaborates with the following specialized entities, which are part of its Federative Council:
1102:
996:" (Brother X). After the end of World War II, the institution brought to light the first edition of
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The event that marked the end of the 1940s was the signing, on October 5, 1949, of the so-called "
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1440:(October 14, 2014). Aventuras na História – Guia do Estudante. Retrieved on November 18, 2014.
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initially headquartered in Elias da Silva's own residence, a house on Rua da Carioca, 120.
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789:, a Portuguese photographer who settled in Brazil, with intellectual direction by Major
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126:, better known as Chico Xavier, have surpassed 15.5 million copies. Among them,
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The period was also marked by the lawsuit initiated in 1944 by the widow of writer
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The roots of the national federative organization date back to the publication, in
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that constitutes the most important and influential representative organization of
49:
1029:. This initiative led to an increase in the number of adhering state federations.
1391:
The transnationalization of Brazilian Kardecist Spiritism: an initial discussion
1038:
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937:. The following year (1912), on May 3, the FEB inaugurated the "Free Course of
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The Doctrine of Spiritism in the formation of Brazilian religious diversity
781:, then the capital of the Empire, on January 21, 1883, of the periodical "
136:) is the most read, having surpassed the mark of 1.5 million copies.
1596:
1017:" was sent to the Northeast Region of Brazil, composed of, among others,
435:
1609:
1458:. Revista Época (ed. 424), July 3, 2006. Accessed on November 26, 2013.
1587:
864:
960:. The authorship of the texts in "Parnaso," received through the
1394:. Relig. soc. . 2008, vol.28, n.1 , pp. 84–104. ISSN 0100-8587.
894:(1889) occurred along with the upheavals experienced during the
1282:
Union of Spiritist Societies of the State of SĂŁo Paulo (USE-SP)
944:
In 1932, the FEB published its first major editorial success: "
267:
18:
1605:
1580:
972:, was predominantly from figures in Brazilian literature.
1305:
Brazilian Association of Spiritist Disseminators – ABRADE
118:, Goiás. The FEB has published over 10 million books by
1098:
1895 (August) – 1900 (April): Adolfo Bezerra de Menezes
1437:
Allan Kardec and spiritism, a truly Brazilian religion
1505:
1503:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1495:
1396:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0100-85872008000100005
1208:State Spiritist Council of Rio de Janeiro (CEERJ)
1122:1918 – 1919: Manuel Justiniano de Freitas Quintão
96:in Brazil and in nearly all countries where the
1262:Rio Grande do Norte Spiritist Federation (FERN)
122:. The works psychographed by the mediumship of
1318:Brazilian Association of Spiritist Magistrates
1265:Rio Grande do Sul Spiritist Federation (FERGS)
1256:Mato Grosso do Sul Spiritist Federation (FEMS)
905:In 1889, Ewerton Quadros was succeeded by Dr.
898:(Republic of the Sword), including the Second
103:Through notable Spiritist leaders, especially
1308:Crusade of Spiritist Military Personnel – CME
748:
8:
1223:Federal District Spiritist Federation (FEDF)
924:, renowned for its meticulous book editing.
1370:
1368:
1244:EspĂrito Santo Spiritist Federation (FEEES)
799:Sociedade AcadĂŞmica Deus, Cristo e Caridade
1324:Brazilian Association of Spiritist Artists
1143:1929: Manuel Justiniano de Freitas QuintĂŁo
755:
741:
138:
48:. Please do not remove this message until
1410:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1214:Santa Catarina Spiritist Federation (FEC)
1146:1930 – 1943: Luiz OlĂmpio Guillon Ribeiro
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
1615:Brazilian Spiritist Federation's channel
1468:
1466:
1464:
1384:
1382:
1312:Institute of Spiritist Culture of Brazil
1250:Mato Grosso Spiritist Federation (FEEMT)
1247:Tocantins Spiritist Federation (FEETINS)
1134:1925 – 1926: LuĂs Barreto Alves Ferreira
983:, who was then the Minister of Justice.
44:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1364:
1330:Brazilian Spiritist Medical Association
1131:1922 – 1924: Aristides de Souza SpĂnola
1119:1916 – 1917: Aristides de Souza SpĂnola
1069:Since 1884, FEB has had 16 presidents.
152:
1448:
1446:
1430:
1428:
1426:
1055:Systematic Study of Spiritist Doctrine
1041:, the then President of the Republic,
892:Proclamation of the Brazilian Republic
1272:Pernambuco Spiritist Federation (FEP)
1253:MaranhĂŁo Spiritist Federation (FEMAR)
7:
1115:Manuel Justiniano de Freitas QuintĂŁo
707:Pan American Spiritist Confederation
1375:Decree No. 47,695, January 21, 1960
1268:ParaĂba Spiritist Federation (FEPB)
1235:Sergipe Spiritist Federation (FEES)
1211:Amazonas Spiritist Federation (FEA)
1286:Minas Gerais Spiritist Union (UEM)
1076:Francisco Raimundo Ewerton Quadros
823:Maria Balbina da Conceição Batista
803:Centro da UniĂŁo EspĂrita do Brasil
791:Francisco Raimundo Ewerton Quadros
14:
1634:Organizations established in 1884
1276:PiauĂ Spiritist Federation (FEPI)
1259:Paraná Spiritist Federation (FEP)
1241:Ceará Spiritist Federation (FEEC)
1226:Bahia Spiritist Federation (FEEB)
1088:Francisco de Menezes Dias da Cruz
843:Francisco AntĂ´nio Xavier Pinheiro
220:The Gospel According to Spiritism
1092:1895 (January) – 1895 (August):
819:JoĂŁo Francisco da Silveira Pinto
160:
23:
1568:. SĂŁo Paulo: Ed. Alameda, 2010.
1349:Portuguese Spiritist Federation
1181:Antonio Cesar Perri de Carvalho
1033:Second half of the 20th century
1019:Artur Lins de Vasconcelos Lopes
722:Portuguese Spiritist Federation
712:International Spiritist Council
109:International Spiritist Council
1606:Brazilian Spiritist Federation
1597:Brazilian Spiritist Federation
1588:Brazilian Spiritist Federation
1354:History of Spiritism in Brazil
1139:Francisco Vieira Paim Pamplona
928:First half of the 20th century
717:Brazilian Spiritist Federation
82:Brazilian Spiritist Federation
1:
1639:Organisations based in Brazil
1217:RondĂ´nia Spiritist Federation
1011:Federative Council of the FEB
785:", initiated and financed by
1279:Roraima Spiritist Federation
1229:Alagoas Spiritist Federation
1127:Luiz OlĂmpio Guillon Ribeiro
839:José Agostinho Marques Porto
815:Manoel Fernandes Filgueiras
807:Grupo EspĂrita Fraternidade
116:Santo AntĂ´nio do Descoberto
50:conditions to do so are met
1655:
1290:Pará Spiritist Union (UEP)
1232:Goiás Spiritist Federation
1220:Amapá Spiritist Federation
1191:Jorge Godinho Barreto Nery
1151:AntĂ´nio Wantuil de Freitas
1109:Aristides de Souza SpĂnola
1564:ARRIBAS, Célia da Graça.
1511:"20th and 21st Centuries"
1414:ARRIBAS, Célia da Graça.
1238:Acre Spiritist Federation
1198:Federative state entities
1157:Armando de Oliveira Assis
1082:Adolfo Bezerra de Menezes
907:Adolfo Bezerra de Menezes
727:National Spiritism Museum
88:), founded in 1884, is a
970:Francisco Cândido Xavier
847:Manoel EstĂŞvĂŁo de Amorim
132:(dictated by the spirit
124:Francisco Cândido Xavier
1169:Juvanir Borges de Souza
884:Afonso Angeli Torteroli
869:Former headquarters on
258:Law of cause and fffect
1023:Carlos JordĂŁo da Silva
947:Parnaso de Além-Túmulo
878:
827:Matilde Elias da Silva
787:Augusto Elias da Silva
773:Origins and foundation
16:Religious organization
1539:. FEB. Archived from
1513:. FEB. Archived from
1476:. FEB. Archived from
1015:Caravan of Fraternity
868:
1296:Specialized entities
1043:Juscelino Kubitschek
900:Revolt of the Armada
888:Abolition of Slavery
579:EurĂpedes Barsanulfo
488:Prominent spiritists
273:Scientific spiritism
263:Spiritual projection
1480:on October 10, 2016
1175:Nestor JoĂŁo Masotti
958:Fernando de Lacerda
896:RepĂşblica da Espada
649:Vera Kryzhanovskaia
614:HermĂnio C. Miranda
471:Spiritual treatment
416:Spiritual obsession
298:Modern spiritualism
154:Kardecist spiritism
90:public utility body
37:of this article is
1543:on October 9, 2016
1452:MENDONÇA, Martha.
1388:LEWGOY, Bernardo.
1344:Spiritist Doctrine
1065:List of presidents
988:Humberto de Campos
968:of the then young
879:
795:Grupo dos Humildes
664:Wantuil de Freitas
604:Hermani G. Andrade
599:Haroldo Dutra Dias
544:Camille Flammarion
534:Bezerra de Menezes
504:A. Moreira-Almeida
328:Mediumship meeting
105:Bezerra de Menezes
98:Spiritist movement
1517:on March 27, 2018
1455:The new spiritism
1163:Francisco Thiesen
999:The Spirits' Book
912:The Spirits' Book
835:Elvira P. MĂłllica
765:
764:
569:EmĂdio Brasileiro
524:Aristides SpĂnola
456:Psychopictography
441:Automatic writing
303:Spiritual healing
215:The Mediums' Book
210:The Spirits' Book
187:History in Brazil
78:
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1581:Official website
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574:Ernesto Bozzano
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401:Astral hospital
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1222:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1197:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1182:
1179:2013 – 2015:
1178:
1176:
1173:2001 – 2012:
1172:
1170:
1167:1990 – 2001:
1166:
1164:
1161:1975 – 1990:
1160:
1158:
1155:1970 – 1975:
1154:
1152:
1149:1943 – 1970:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:1927 – 1928:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:1920 – 1921:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1110:
1106:
1104:
1101:1900 – 1913:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1086:1890 – 1894:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1077:
1074:1884 – 1888:
1073:
1072:
1070:
1064:
1062:
1058:
1056:
1050:
1049:(October 3).
1048:
1044:
1040:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1003:
1001:
1000:
995:
994:
989:
984:
982:
981:Macedo Soares
978:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
954:
949:
948:
942:
940:
936:
927:
925:
923:
919:
914:
913:
908:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
876:
872:
867:
861:First decades
860:
858:
854:
852:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
772:
767:
758:
753:
751:
746:
744:
739:
738:
736:
735:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
699:
693:
692:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
634:Raul Teixeira
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
594:Gustave Geley
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
529:Augusto Elias
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
514:Alfred Russel
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
500:
497:
495:
492:
491:
485:
484:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
406:Incorporation
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
359:
357:
356:Clairaudience
354:
352:
349:
347:
346:Spiritist art
344:
343:
337:
336:
329:
326:
324:
323:Reincarnation
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
249:
246:
245:
239:
238:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
207:
201:
200:
193:
192:Table-turning
190:
188:
185:
183:
180:
178:
175:
174:
168:
167:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
147:
146:
141:
140:
137:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
117:
112:
110:
106:
101:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
72:
69:
61:
51:
47:
41:
40:
36:
30:
21:
20:
1565:
1559:Bibliography
1545:. Retrieved
1541:the original
1537:"Presidents"
1531:
1519:. Retrieved
1515:the original
1482:. Retrieved
1478:the original
1454:
1436:
1416:
1390:
1332:– AME-Brasil
1299:
1201:
1186:
1068:
1059:
1051:
1036:
1004:
997:
991:
985:
974:
966:psychography
951:
945:
943:
931:
910:
904:
890:(1888), the
880:
855:
831:Luis MĂłllica
811:
776:
716:
696:Institutions
684:ZĂŞus Wantuil
639:Oliver Lodge
619:Hugh Dowding
554:Chico Xavier
519:Amalia Soler
499:A. de Rochas
494:Allan Kardec
431:Precognition
391:Spirit guide
361:Clairvoyance
318:Inner reform
283:Cosmic fluid
242:Key concepts
177:Allan Kardec
144:
142:Part of the
127:
120:Allan Kardec
113:
102:
100:is present.
85:
81:
79:
64:
58:January 2024
55:
33:
1007:Golden Pact
977:Estado Novo
851:Quádrio Léo
659:Victor Hugo
644:Paul Gibier
559:Conan Doyle
461:Telekinesis
451:Psychometry
446:Psychophony
436:Premonition
426:Poltergeist
381:Incarnation
230:The Genesis
204:Basic works
1628:Categories
1360:References
962:mediumship
922:H. Garnier
805:, and the
783:Reformador
679:Zilda Gama
629:LĂ©on Denis
386:Erraticity
308:Perispirit
293:Mediumship
134:André Luiz
35:neutrality
1601:Instagram
1547:March 14,
1521:March 14,
1484:March 14,
1474:"Origins"
1326:– ABRARTE
939:Esperanto
466:Telepathy
376:Ectoplasm
129:Nosso Lar
94:Spiritism
46:talk page
1592:Facebook
1338:See also
1320:– ABRAME
1053:for the
1039:BrasĂlia
549:Lombroso
509:Aksakof
182:Timeline
39:disputed
1619:YouTube
1610:Twitter
1187:present
1185:2015 –
993:IrmĂŁo X
768:History
351:Agénère
253:Charity
248:Animism
171:History
111:(CEI).
1314:– ICEB
1113:1915:
1107:1914:
1080:1889:
1025:, and
849:, and
801:, the
797:, the
476:Umbral
278:Spirit
145:series
873:, in
1549:2018
1523:2018
1486:2018
964:and
80:The
32:The
1617:on
1608:on
1599:on
1590:on
941:".
268:God
86:FEB
1630::
1494:^
1463:^
1445:^
1425:^
1403:^
1381:^
1367:^
1189::
1021:,
845:,
841:,
837:,
833:,
829:,
825:,
821:,
817:,
809:.
148:on
1551:.
1525:.
1488:.
1398:.
877:.
756:e
749:t
742:v
84:(
71:)
65:(
60:)
56:(
52:.
42:.
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