68:
52:
88:
387:, Gibraltar's 9.2-inch guns represented three of the 25 remaining examples of a weapon that had at one time been mounted at strategic locations across the British Empire and its allies. For years, the Upper Ridge batteries were an excluded area in Gibraltar, where entry by the public was considered a criminal offence. While Breakneck Battery is still closed to the public, O'Hara's Battery and Lord Airey's Battery were opened in May 2010.
95:
286:. After that explosion on 2 January 1879, a Committee on Ordnance was founded to analyze the United Kingdom's artillery and the direction that it would take. The committee was directed to address "the question of breech-loading guns and such other questions as may be brought before it."
234:
on a Mark V mounting. The battery was refurbished by 10 Signal
Regiment in 2012 and 2016 whilst being on Ceremonial duties whilst the Gibraltar Regiment where on exercise and is one of three surviving 9.2-inch gun emplacements at the Upper Ridge of the
355:
can easily be visited, the others being situated on military property behind locked gates. All of them are single-gun batteries each with a 9.2-inch gun, a type of weapon that was once one of the most important weapons in the
British coastal artillery
375:, both had their guns removed in the late twentieth century. The former was decommissioned in the 1970s and had its gun removed; the barrel now rests in a scrap yard. Other than three Mk. X variants still surviving in the "Gibraltar of the West",
328:
A shell store and bombproof shelter for the crew are located beneath the gun position, excavated from the solid rock. The gun itself originally had a steel shield in front of it to protect the crew from counter-battery fire but during the
308:
The mounting of 9.2-inch guns on
Gibraltar's batteries commenced in the 1890s. By 1914, Gibraltar boasted a total of fourteen of the 9.2-inch weapons on twelve batteries. Breakneck Battery had a 9.2 inch Mark X
247:, and once considered "the Gibraltar of the West"), Portugal, South Africa, and Australia were the remaining examples of an emplacement that at one point had been mounted at strategic locations across the
267:, which was renamed in 1901. The name "Breakneck" was inspired by the nearby Breakneck Stairs which descend part way down the sheer cliff on which the battery stands, overlooking the Mediterranean Sea.
351:... the crowning glory of the defenses of the Rock are the 9.2-inch guns. Five batteries still remain on the Rock: Levant, Spur, Breakneck, O'Hara's and Lord Airey's Batteries. Of these, only
263:. The artillery battery is located at the Upper Ridge of the Upper Rock Nature Reserve, on Ministry of Defence property. It is positioned north of Lord Airey's Battery on a site once known as
2052:
364:
and Lord Airey's
Battery. Of the three Upper Ridge emplacements, O'Hara's Battery is in the best condition. Breakneck was the first of the batteries to be decommissioned, in 1953.
1070:
1043:
649:
391:
435:
1063:
465:
118:
2001:
825:
570:
517:
226:. It is one of a dozen batteries in Gibraltar that had 9.2-inch (233.7 mm) guns installed around the turn of the twentieth century. The
1056:
383:; one at Fort Victoria), by 1981, the year that the gun at the latter emplacement, Spur Battery, was dismantled for transfer to England in
305:
and their associated long-range attacks. The 9.2-inch gun retained its importance in
British coastal defence for more than half a century.
215:
168:
878:
848:
719:
689:
87:
1000:
908:
298:
974:
1844:
1266:
556:
443:
380:
1561:
1511:
402:. In addition to training and guard duties, the soldiers participated in community projects, including refurbishing of the
333:
this was extended to form a steel enclosure open at the back, to provide some protection from shrapnel and bomb splinters.
1854:
1849:
1476:
1341:
509:
244:
1910:
1526:
1501:
1291:
394:(4 SCOTS), also known as The Highlanders, arrived in Gibraltar in early April 2012 to cover the responsibilities of the
207:
360:
Breakneck
Battery is one of three surviving 9.2-inch gun emplacements at the Upper Ridge of the Rock, the others being
297:
weapons. Although the 9.2-inch breech-loading weapon was initially employed as a naval gun, it eventually was used for
231:
73:
57:
1877:
1566:
1551:
1079:
948:
473:
30:
1516:
1496:
2057:
1707:
1506:
1481:
664:
1961:
1486:
1471:
1446:
1396:
1381:
1276:
1125:
219:
38:
67:
1925:
1915:
1816:
1456:
1346:
1301:
1256:
1178:
1168:
407:
395:
1755:
1401:
1351:
1251:
811:
1940:
1702:
1631:
1586:
1491:
1426:
1391:
1371:
1316:
1148:
1033:
919:
598:
223:
51:
1821:
1801:
477:
1806:
1271:
1241:
406:
gun at
Breakneck Battery. Upon the return of the Royal Gibraltar Regiment, the Highlanders left for their
1461:
503:
361:
2016:
1991:
1976:
1971:
1956:
1811:
1770:
1692:
1311:
1261:
562:
310:
271:
1981:
1636:
1326:
2006:
1966:
1920:
1892:
1793:
1783:
1697:
1441:
1366:
1100:
660:
294:
290:
279:
264:
1778:
1882:
1836:
1826:
1531:
1436:
1431:
1286:
1153:
1120:
1105:
757:
1935:
2031:
2026:
1760:
1712:
1641:
1621:
1421:
1416:
1281:
1246:
1216:
1211:
1095:
696:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Gun Batteries, Spur Battery, then Project Vitello). Archived from
626:
1626:
1521:
1321:
1008:
2011:
1740:
1611:
1556:
1466:
1411:
1386:
1336:
1236:
1221:
1201:
1193:
1158:
1115:
886:
856:
821:
817:
727:
697:
566:
513:
403:
260:
236:
227:
203:
153:
259:
Breakneck
Battery is in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the
2021:
1872:
1606:
1581:
1536:
1451:
1356:
1306:
1296:
1231:
1183:
792:
343:
330:
274:
on the emplacements in
Gibraltar can be traced back to the explosion of one of the 38-ton,
1986:
1930:
1887:
1745:
1717:
1571:
1546:
1376:
1361:
1331:
1163:
1110:
923:
807:
384:
1996:
749:
1735:
1727:
1677:
1659:
1406:
1173:
1038:
399:
368:
352:
248:
2046:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1541:
1226:
1750:
1687:
1682:
1616:
1576:
1143:
372:
314:
275:
855:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Gun Batteries, then Levant Battery). Archived from
621:
593:
1048:
411:
322:
133:
120:
1669:
211:
42:
726:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Gun Batteries, Spur Battery). Archived from
1087:
302:
1039:
Photograph of Lord Airey's
Battery, with Breakneck Battery in background
1135:
415:
376:
240:
341:
Gibraltar's surviving 9.2-inch guns were described in a 1981 issue of
1864:
1651:
1044:
Maps of Gibraltar with battery positions, including Breakneck Battery
243:(also known affectionately as "the Rock", and the former site of a
1902:
239:. By the late twentieth century, the 9.2-inch guns in Gibraltar,
790:
Gander, Terry (1981). "Preservation - Spur Battery dismantled".
1052:
289:
Following research and deliberations, the committee settled on
558:
Birth of the Battleship: British Capital Ship Design 1870-1881
885:. DiscoverGibraltar.com (Click Gun Batteries). Archived from
466:"Neandertals' Last Stand was in Gibraltar, Study Suggests"
436:"List of Crown Dependencies & Overseas Territories"
321:
by Lieutenant G W Dallison in 1942 is now part of the
325:
Second World War Official Collection of photographs.
1949:
1901:
1863:
1835:
1792:
1769:
1726:
1668:
1650:
1192:
1134:
1086:
189:
184:
174:
164:
159:
149:
112:
23:
301:as well. It was effective in dealing with hostile
505:The Environmental Legacy of Military Operations
349:
796:(33). Battle of Britain International Limited.
650:"Twentieth Century British Coast Defence Guns"
2053:Artillery battery fortifications in Gibraltar
1064:
949:"O'Hara's Battery becomes visitor attraction"
909:"Criminal Offences - Restricted Areas Notice"
392:4th Battalion, The Royal Regiment of Scotland
8:
776:
774:
540:Hughes, Quentin; Migos, Athanassios (1995).
1071:
1057:
1049:
20:
813:The Fortifications of Gibraltar 1068-1945
94:
497:
495:
293:guns, an improvement over the customary
502:Ehlen, Judy; Harmon, Russell S (2001).
427:
544:. Exchange Publications. p. 192.
7:
750:"The British Army on Gibraltar 1942"
313:installed on a Mark V mounting. The
76:on a Mark V mounting, 4 January 1942
367:The two other batteries mentioned,
317:photograph obtained of the battery
879:"Gun Batteries and Fortifications"
232:9.2-inch Mark X breech-loading gun
14:
594:"The Late Naval Gunnery Disaster"
555:Beeler, John (1 September 2001).
810:; Fa, Darren (31 October 2006).
93:
86:
66:
50:
1034:Google map of Breakneck Battery
542:Strong as the Rock of Gibraltar
464:Roach, John (10 October 2006).
444:Foreign and Commonwealth Office
270:The decision to mount 9.2-inch
1184:Wellington Front Demi Bastions
690:"Spur Battery Project Vitello"
16:Artillery battery in Gibraltar
1:
1267:Devil's Bowling Green Battery
1007:. 15 May 2012. Archived from
1001:"4 Scots busy around Th Rock"
510:Geological Society of America
979:Gibraltar news from Panorama
953:Gibraltar news from Panorama
1567:Sir Herbert Miles Promenade
1512:Princess Caroline's Battery
1080:Fortifications of Gibraltar
1005:24news.in WorldNews Updated
474:National Geographic Society
74:9.2-inch Mark X coastal gun
58:9.2-inch Mark X coastal gun
31:Fortifications of Gibraltar
2074:
1477:Prince Ferdinand's Battery
1342:Governor's Lookout Battery
780:Hughes & Migos, p. 194
208:British Overseas Territory
72:Breakneck Battery, with a
1527:Queen Charlotte's Battery
1502:Princess Amelia's Battery
1447:Napier of Magdala Battery
1292:Eliott's Practice Battery
220:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
81:
65:
49:
39:Upper Rock Nature Reserve
36:
28:
2002:Lines of Contravallation
1517:Princess Royal's Battery
1497:Prince William's Battery
1457:North Mole Elbow Battery
1302:Europa Advance Batteries
1257:Cumberland Flank Battery
816:(illustrated ed.).
561:(illustrated ed.).
508:(illustrated ed.).
470:National Geographic News
396:Royal Gibraltar Regiment
1632:Windmill Hill Batteries
1507:Princess Anne's Battery
1492:Prince of Wales Battery
1482:Prince George's Battery
920:Government of Gibraltar
599:Illustrated London News
1807:Europa Sunken Magazine
1487:Prince Henry's Battery
1472:Parson's Lodge Battery
1397:Lady Augusta's Battery
1382:Jews' Cemetery Battery
1277:Devil's Tongue Battery
1242:Civil Hospital Battery
622:"Bursting a Great Gun"
358:
134:36.128373°N 5.344253°W
2017:Prince of Wales Lines
1926:Stanley's Clock Tower
1822:Ragged Staff Magazine
1812:Flat Bastion Magazine
1756:Prince Albert's Front
1693:Grand Casemates Gates
1402:Lady Louisa's Battery
1352:Green's Lodge Battery
1312:Europa Pass Batteries
1262:Detached Mole Battery
1252:Crutchett's Batteries
883:discovergibraltar.com
853:discovergibraltar.com
724:discovergibraltar.com
694:discovergibraltar.com
563:Naval Institute Press
295:rifled muzzle-loading
291:rifled breech-loading
193:Between 1890 and 1914
2007:Montagu Counterguard
1967:Chatham Counterguard
1703:Prince Edward's Gate
1587:St. George's Battery
1442:Mount Misery Battery
1427:Lord Airey's Battery
1392:King's Lines Battery
1372:Hayne's Cave Battery
1317:Farringdon's Battery
1149:Hesse's Demi Bastion
1101:Buena Vista Barracks
916:gibraltarlaws.gov.gi
758:Imperial War Museums
661:Fortress Study Group
512:. pp. 110–111.
245:Royal Naval Dockyard
224:Lord Airey's Battery
139:36.128373; -5.344253
56:Breakneck Battery's
1883:Great Siege Tunnels
1562:Signal Hill Battery
1437:Middle Hill Battery
1272:Devil's Gap Battery
1121:Retrenched Barracks
1106:Defensible Barracks
1011:on 17 February 2013
975:"Scots on the Rock"
889:on 5 September 2013
859:on 5 September 2013
730:on 5 September 2013
700:on 5 September 2013
480:on 14 November 2006
398:, which was in the
381:St. David's Battery
319:(pictured at right)
276:muzzle-loading guns
272:breech-loading guns
216:Ministry of Defence
214:. It is located on
169:Ministry of Defence
130: /
2032:West Place of Arms
2027:Ragged Staff Guard
1761:Ragged Staff Flank
1713:Ragged Staff Gates
1642:Zoca Flank Battery
1637:Woodford's Battery
1622:White Rock Battery
1422:Little Bay Battery
1417:Lighthouse Battery
1327:Gardiner's Battery
1282:Edward VII Battery
1247:Couvreport Battery
1217:Buenavista Battery
1212:Bomb Proof Battery
1096:Bombproof Barracks
627:The New York Times
311:breech-loading gun
2058:Coastal artillery
2040:
2039:
1802:Eliott's Magazine
1741:Line Wall Curtain
1612:Waterport Battery
1557:Scud Hill Battery
1467:Orillon Batteries
1367:Harding's Battery
1337:Genoese Batteries
1237:Catalan Batteries
1222:Buffadero Battery
1207:Breakneck Battery
1202:Alexandra Battery
1116:Lathbury Barracks
827:978-1-84603-016-1
818:Osprey Publishing
630:. 4 February 1880
602:. 25 January 1879
572:978-1-55750-213-1
519:978-0-8137-4114-7
404:coastal artillery
261:Iberian Peninsula
237:Rock of Gibraltar
204:artillery battery
200:Breakneck Battery
197:
196:
154:Artillery Battery
101:Breakneck Battery
24:Breakneck Battery
2065:
1962:Caledonian Canal
1878:Great North Road
1873:Admiralty Tunnel
1827:Willis' Magazine
1607:Victoria Battery
1582:Spyglass Battery
1552:Saluting Battery
1537:Rock Gun Battery
1532:Raglan's Battery
1462:O'Hara's Battery
1452:New Mole Battery
1432:Martin's Battery
1357:Half Way Battery
1307:Europa Batteries
1297:Engineer Battery
1287:Eliott's Battery
1232:Castle Batteries
1154:Jumper's Bastion
1073:
1066:
1059:
1050:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1016:
997:
991:
990:
988:
986:
971:
965:
964:
962:
960:
945:
939:
938:
936:
934:
928:
922:. Archived from
913:
905:
899:
898:
896:
894:
875:
869:
868:
866:
864:
849:"Levant Battery"
845:
839:
838:
836:
834:
808:Finlayson, Clive
804:
798:
797:
793:After the Battle
787:
781:
778:
769:
768:
766:
764:
746:
740:
739:
737:
735:
716:
710:
709:
707:
705:
686:
680:
679:
677:
675:
670:on 14 April 2014
669:
663:. Archived from
654:
646:
640:
639:
637:
635:
618:
612:
611:
609:
607:
590:
584:
583:
581:
579:
552:
546:
545:
537:
531:
530:
528:
526:
499:
490:
489:
487:
485:
476:. Archived from
461:
455:
454:
452:
450:
432:
362:O'Hara's Battery
344:After The Battle
331:Second World War
218:property at the
160:Site information
145:
144:
142:
141:
140:
135:
131:
128:
127:
126:
123:
97:
96:
90:
70:
54:
45:
21:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2043:
2042:
2041:
2036:
1987:Grand Casemates
1977:Forbes' Barrier
1957:Bayside Barrier
1945:
1931:Tower of Homage
1897:
1893:Windsor Gallery
1888:Landport Tunnel
1859:
1831:
1788:
1784:Southport Ditch
1765:
1746:Montagu Curtain
1728:Defensive walls
1722:
1718:Southport Gates
1664:
1646:
1627:Willis' Battery
1572:South Batteries
1547:Rosia Batteries
1522:Queen's Battery
1377:Hutment Battery
1362:Hanover Battery
1332:Genista Battery
1322:Forbes' Battery
1188:
1164:Montagu Bastion
1130:
1111:Grand Casemates
1082:
1077:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1014:
1012:
999:
998:
994:
984:
982:
973:
972:
968:
958:
956:
947:
946:
942:
932:
930:
929:on 25 July 2012
926:
911:
907:
906:
902:
892:
890:
877:
876:
872:
862:
860:
847:
846:
842:
832:
830:
828:
806:
805:
801:
789:
788:
784:
779:
772:
762:
760:
748:
747:
743:
733:
731:
718:
717:
713:
703:
701:
688:
687:
683:
673:
671:
667:
652:
648:
647:
643:
633:
631:
620:
619:
615:
605:
603:
592:
591:
587:
577:
575:
573:
554:
553:
549:
539:
538:
534:
524:
522:
520:
501:
500:
493:
483:
481:
463:
462:
458:
448:
446:
434:
433:
429:
424:
390:Members of the
385:Project Vitello
339:
299:coastal defence
257:
177:the public
176:
138:
136:
132:
129:
124:
121:
119:
117:
116:
108:
107:
106:
105:
104:
103:
102:
98:
77:
61:
37:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2071:
2069:
2061:
2060:
2055:
2045:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2012:Prince's Lines
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1946:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1921:O'Hara's Tower
1918:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1869:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1858:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1841:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1830:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1817:Grand Magazine
1814:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1796:
1790:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1779:Landport Ditch
1775:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1736:Charles V Wall
1732:
1730:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1678:Algeciras Gate
1674:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1660:Moorish Castle
1656:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1412:Lewis' Battery
1409:
1407:Levant Battery
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1387:Jones' Battery
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1334:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1304:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1198:
1196:
1190:
1189:
1187:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1174:Orange Bastion
1171:
1166:
1161:
1159:King's Bastion
1156:
1151:
1146:
1140:
1138:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1128:
1126:South Barracks
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1092:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1078:
1076:
1075:
1068:
1061:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1029:
1028:External links
1026:
1023:
1022:
992:
966:
940:
900:
870:
840:
826:
820:. p. 58.
799:
782:
770:
741:
720:"Spur Battery"
711:
681:
641:
613:
585:
571:
565:. p. 80.
547:
532:
518:
491:
456:
426:
425:
423:
420:
400:United Kingdom
369:Levant Battery
353:Levant Battery
338:
337:Recent history
335:
256:
253:
249:British Empire
195:
194:
191:
187:
186:
182:
181:
178:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
114:
110:
109:
100:
99:
92:
91:
85:
84:
83:
82:
79:
78:
71:
63:
62:
55:
47:
46:
34:
33:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2070:
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1602:Upper Battery
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1598:
1597:Tower Battery
1595:
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1592:Tovey Battery
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1542:Rooke Battery
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1227:Calpe Battery
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1179:South Bastion
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1169:North Bastion
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981:. 15 May 2012
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255:Early history
254:
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22:
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1997:King's Lines
1936:Tuerto Tower
1751:Moorish Wall
1708:Queen’s Gate
1688:Granada Gate
1683:Barcina Gate
1617:West Battery
1577:Spur Battery
1206:
1144:Flat Bastion
1013:. Retrieved
1009:the original
1004:
995:
983:. Retrieved
978:
969:
957:. Retrieved
952:
943:
931:. Retrieved
924:the original
915:
903:
891:. Retrieved
887:the original
882:
873:
861:. Retrieved
857:the original
852:
843:
831:. Retrieved
812:
802:
791:
785:
761:. Retrieved
753:
744:
732:. Retrieved
728:the original
723:
714:
702:. Retrieved
698:the original
693:
684:
672:. Retrieved
665:the original
656:
644:
632:. Retrieved
625:
616:
604:. Retrieved
597:
588:
576:. Retrieved
557:
550:
541:
535:
523:. Retrieved
504:
482:. Retrieved
478:the original
469:
459:
447:. Retrieved
439:
430:
389:
373:Spur Battery
366:
359:
350:
342:
340:
327:
318:
315:World War II
307:
288:
284: (1872)
281:
269:
265:Mount Misery
258:
199:
198:
185:Site history
175:Open to
18:
1941:Round Tower
657:fsgfort.com
230:features a
228:emplacement
222:, north of
137: /
113:Coordinates
2047:Categories
1992:Inundation
1855:South Mole
1850:North Mole
1670:City gates
1015:23 October
985:26 October
959:26 October
933:25 October
893:28 October
863:3 November
833:23 October
763:26 October
754:iwm.org.uk
734:26 October
704:3 November
674:3 November
634:3 November
606:3 November
578:3 November
525:23 October
484:25 October
449:25 October
440:fco.gov.uk
422:References
412:Sennelager
323:War Office
122:36°07′42″N
1794:Magazines
1194:Batteries
347:magazine:
282:Thunderer
280:HMS
212:Gibraltar
125:5°20′39″W
43:Gibraltar
1698:Landport
1136:Bastions
1088:Barracks
379:(two at
356:armoury.
303:warships
29:Part of
1865:Tunnels
1771:Ditches
1652:Castles
416:Germany
377:Bermuda
241:Bermuda
206:in the
60:in 2013
1982:Glacis
1972:Flêche
1903:Towers
824:
569:
516:
202:is an
1950:Other
1837:Moles
927:(PDF)
912:(PDF)
668:(PDF)
653:(PDF)
190:Built
165:Owner
1017:2012
987:2012
961:2012
935:2012
895:2012
865:2012
835:2012
822:ISBN
765:2012
736:2012
706:2012
676:2012
636:2012
608:2012
580:2012
567:ISBN
527:2012
514:ISBN
486:2012
451:2012
408:base
371:and
150:Type
410:in
278:on
210:of
2049::
1003:.
977:.
951:.
918:.
914:.
881:.
851:.
773:^
756:.
752:.
722:.
692:.
659:.
655:.
624:.
596:.
494:^
472:.
468:.
442:.
438:.
418:.
414:,
251:.
180:no
41:,
1072:e
1065:t
1058:v
1019:.
989:.
963:.
937:.
897:.
867:.
837:.
767:.
738:.
708:.
678:.
638:.
610:.
582:.
529:.
488:.
453:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
