1094:
Field
Ambulance was warned to prepare for around 600 casualties; almost a third of the brigade's manpower. On 24 March 1945 at 07:00 the 122 C-47 Dakotas transporting the brigade took off from England in three waves. The first wave carried brigade headquarters and the 8th Parachute Battalion, the second carried the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion, and the 9th Parachute Battalion came last. The gliders carrying the brigade's heavy equipment were scheduled to arrive 40 minutes after the third wave. Nine minutes ahead of schedule, the brigade started landing at their DZs. Their premature arrival stopped the Allied artillery and fighter bombers which were engaging targets in the area, especially anti-aircraft gun emplacements. The descending parachutists were met with heavy fire from the German defenders, causing several casualties. One of the dead was the commanding officer of the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion. It was during the landing that one of the Canadian medics,
1142:. At 21:30 the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion were about 3 miles (4.8 km) away from the town. Leaving what vehicles they had behind, they attempted to approach the bridge unseen on foot, and by 23:00 had successfully secured the town and bridge. The 9th Parachute Battalion was called forward to continue the advance, but just as they approached the bridge it was blown up by the Germans. In the early hours of the morning, a footbridge across the river was discovered, and the 9th Battalion prepared to carry out an assault. 'A' Company crossed the footbridge under fire just before dawn, and after a short fight had secured the crossing. After a few hours' rest the advance continued with the 8th Battalion in the lead, and by nightfall they had reached their next objective, the
788:. The next morning the 9th Parachute Battalion was the target for a heavy mortar bombardment, followed by two further infantry attacks. Later the same morning, the 3rd Parachute Brigade's headquarters was attacked by German troops who had infiltrated the lines. The brigade defence platoon managed to hold out until a counterattack by the 9th Parachute Battalion cleared the enemy away. On 10 June, 31 men who had landed in the wrong locations joined the battalion, bringing their numbers up to 270 all ranks. The fighting was now concentrated around the Château Saint Come, which was occupied by a German infantry company supported by two
1203:
573:
965:
39:
719:
gathered at their assembly area, with virtually no heavy weapons or supplies. Unable to wait any longer, they headed for the
Merville Gun Battery. The battalion captured the battery, but without explosives, could only damage two of its four guns. The battle had been costly, and only 85 men were left to head for their secondary objective, the village of Le Plein. The village was defended in strength by the Germans, and the weakened battalion could only dig in and wait the arrival of
803:. The leading German troops were undaunted by the naval bombardment, and reached the battalion's lines before they were stopped. One of the German prisoners was a battalion commander, who informed his captors that the 875th Grenadier Regiment had been virtually destroyed in the previous day's fighting. That evening the 9th Parachute Battalion captured the Château Saint Come, and was involved in skirmishes throughout the night. The following day, 11 June, the 5th Battalion
1082:
1242:
buildings, so the remainder of the brigade was deployed to the city under the codename
Operation Bellicose. Night time curfews remained in place until 05:20 on 20 November, when all troops returned to their barracks. All was quiet in the brigade area until the night of 26/27 December, when police stations in Jaffa and Tel Aviv, the railway at Lydda and an armoury at Tel Aviv were attacked. The brigade again imposed a curfew around Tel Aviv. This was followed by
93:
1110:
75:
812:
1305:, which was considered a problem area. The brigade had to guard the docks and port of Haifa, which were the main entry point for immigrants arriving in the country. In addition, the many oil pipelines and installations in the region were a potential target for sabotage. The brigade's first operation was imposing a curfew on the Jewish quarter after the kidnapping of two Britons in retaliation for the death sentence imposed on
236:
905:. At 03:00 the brigade attacked the retreating Germans. By 08:00 the 8th and 9th Battalions had captured Bures, and the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion moved through the Bois de Bavant. The bridges in Bures had been blown up previously, and it took the brigade's engineers until the afternoon to build a crossing. By 21:00 the brigade had crossed the Dives and halted with the 8th Parachute Battalion out in front at
707:. Due to a combination of poor navigation, heavy cloud cover, and several of the drop zones not being marked correctly, the parachute drop was widely scattered. One group of paratroops landed 10 miles (16 km) away, and another landed on the wrong side of the River Orne, only 1,200 yards (1,100 m) from the invasion beaches. Less than half of each battalion gathered at their individual assembly areas.
1102:, becoming the division's only recipient of the award during the war. By 11:00 the 8th Parachute Battalion had secured the DZ, and the other two battalions headed for the Schneppenberg woods, which were secured by 14:00. The 9th Parachute Battalion dug in within the woods, and the 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion on the outskirts. At 15:00 the first troops of the
569:, road or rail bridges and coastal fortifications. At the end of most exercises, the troops would march back to their barracks, usually a distance of around 20 miles (32 km). An ability to cover long distances at speed was expected; airborne platoons were required to cover a distance of 50 miles (80 km) in 24 hours, and battalions 32 miles (51 km).
1173:, aware that the brigade to arrive first would continue as the division's lead formation. By this stage of the war the advance was hampered more by refugees fleeing westwards than by any organised opposition. The 3rd Parachute Brigade won the race and led the division to Wismar, arriving on 1 May only 30 minutes before the lead troops of the Soviet
780:, between the 3rd Parachute and 1st Special Service Brigades, which gave them a vantage point to observe the airborne division's positions. On 8 June the Germans launched a two pronged attack from Bréville, against the commandos and against the 9th Parachute Battalion. The German force, comprising elements of the 857th Grenadier Regiment,
836:. The patrol was driven back by a strong German force, but that night another patrol entered the village and planted explosive charges on weapons and in buildings. Attacks by German infantry and armour continued until the night of the 12/13 June, when Bréville was finally captured by the division's only reserves, a mixed force from the
1027:. The 3rd Parachute Brigade were on the left, 5th Parachute Brigade on the right, and the 6th Airlanding Brigade in reserve. Over the next days the German advance was halted and forced back, until at the end of January 1945, the brigade crossed into the Netherlands. Here the division was made responsible for the area along the
893:, aware that the 6th Airborne had almost no artillery, vehicles or engineer equipment, did not expect them to advance very quickly. To reach the Seine the division would have to cross three major rivers, and there were only two main lines of advance; one road running along the coast and another further inland from Troarn to
1254:
eventually cornered 24 armed men. In the firefight that followed, 14 of them were wounded and the remainder surrendered, with no
British casualties. On 29 June Operation Agatha started; the brigade had been rotated to cover the south of Palestine, and were to search for arms and arrest any members of the
1317:
and was renumbered the 2nd/3rd
Parachute Battalion, and the brigade's other two battalions were amalgamated to become the 8th/9th Parachute Battalion. Both of these new units would serve in the 1st Parachute Brigade. The amalgamation of the 2nd and 3rd Parachute Battalions was completed in December,
1093:
In the
British sector the 3rd Parachute Brigade would be the first unit to arrive in Germany. Their initial objective was to secure the western edge of the Schneppenberg woods. Brigade headquarters was fully aware of the expected opposition to the landings, and the commander of the 224th (Parachute)
823:
During this time the 8th
Battalion, located in the thick forest of the Bois de Bavant, were under an almost constant mortar bombardment. Not being directly attacked, the battalion concentrated on night time patrols to harass the Germans, some going as far as the German occupied villages of Troan and
544:
up to division by day and night. Airborne soldiers were expected to fight against superior numbers of the enemy, who would be equipped with artillery and tanks. Training was therefore designed to encourage a spirit of self-discipline, self-reliance and aggressiveness, with emphasis given to physical
718:
The 1st
Canadian Battalion successfully destroyed the bridges at Varaville and Robehomme after landing on the northern DZ. They then withdrew to defend Le Mesnil, where the brigade headquarters and the field ambulance were located. Meanwhile, by 02:50 only 150 men of the 9th Parachute Battalion had
1312:
In
October 1947, the War Office announced its intention to reduce the division's strength by one brigade. The 3rd Parachute Brigade, being more recently established than the other units, was selected to be disbanded. However, instead of disbanding its battalions, it was decided to amalgamate them.
949:
put it, his infantry units being "quite inadequately equipped for a rapid pursuit". They had captured 400 square miles (1,000 km) of territory and taken over 1,000 German prisoners. Since landing on 6 June, the division's casualties were 4,457, of which 821 were killed, 2,709 wounded and 927
1253:
occurred at the same time as a patrol from the 9th
Parachute Battalion was entering the village. The patrol's leading two vehicles exploded mines that had been laid on a bridge, wounding three men. At daylight the tracks of around 30 men were found, and a section from the 8th Parachute Battalion
807:
was attached to the brigade to assist in their attempt to capture Bréville, but their attacks were repulsed by the Germans with heavy losses. They tried again on the 12th, and the German response was an attack by infantry supported by armour, which not only drove the Black Watch back, but almost
1195:. The division’s advance party, formed around the 5th Parachute Brigade, had already arrived in India. Following the Japanese surrender, all these plans changed. The post-war British Army only needed one airborne division, and the 6th Airborne was chosen to remain on strength. Reinforced by the
1061:
Whereas all other Allied airborne landings had been a surprise for the Germans, the Rhine crossing was expected, and their defences were reinforced in anticipation. The airborne operation was preceded by a two-day round-the-clock bombing mission by the Allied air forces. Then on 23 March, 3,500
918:
taken. The 9th Parachute Battalion then passed through the Canadians and crossed the next water obstacle without boats, as they found the water was only 4 feet (1.2 m) deep. At 01:00 on 19 August they reached Dozulé. It was not until 07:00 on 21 August that the advance restarted, with the
913:
and at Dozulé train station. The 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion had taken over the advance and were ordered to seize four bridges crossing the canal. The assault began at 22:00; at 22:35 the railway bridge in the north had been captured, and by midnight all four bridges were secured with 150
710:
In the south, at DZ-K, only 141 men of the 8th Parachute Battalion had assembled. Divided into two groups, they headed for their objectives. One group demolished the two bridges at Bures without opposition. The other group, while on their way to Troarn, intercepted and ambushed a convoy of six
1241:
was unable to cope and sent for reinforcements from the 8th Parachute Battalion. The complete battalion was deployed and the riot was under control by 21:40 and a curfew imposed for the rest of the night. Early the following day the curfew was broken by large crowds gathering to loot and burn
715:. When they reached Troarn, they discovered it was defended by the Germans. A platoon, including engineers, managed to fight their way to the bridge. They found that it had already been damaged, so the engineers planted their explosives and enlarged the gap to around 70 feet (21 m).
672:(DZ) of obstructions, a group from each battalion, and brigade headquarters. Some planes got lost and failed to reach the DZ or arrived late. Others were damaged before dropping all their paratroops and turned back, and one returned to base after failing to find the drop zone at all.
900:
On 17 August the Germans started to withdraw northwards. The divisional commander had already decided that the 3rd Parachute Brigade would lead the advance along the interior road. Their objective was to capture Bures, cross the River Dives and secure the area between there and
856:
was attached to the 6th Airborne Division, which gave them the ability to rotate one brigade at a time out of the front line to allow them to rest. The 3rd Parachute Brigade, having suffered more casualties than the division's other brigades, was the first formation relieved.
447:
1290:
827:
On 7 June 1 Canadian Parachute Battalion at Le Mesnil was attacked by units from the 857th and 858th Grenadier Regiments, supported by tanks and self-propelled guns. The battalion inflicted heavy casualties on the Germans, but only managed to drive them back with a
410:
and Winston Churchill; it recommended that the British airborne forces should consist of two parachute brigades, one based in England and the other in the Middle East, and that a glider force of 10,000 men should be created.
2935:
875:
With the capture of Breville the division was not attacked in force again, apart from an almost continuous artillery bombardment between 18 and 20 June. Further reinforcements arrived east of the River Orne on 20 July; the
3349:
379:. Although tasked primarily with training parachute troops, it was also directed to investigate the use of gliders to transport troops into battle. At the same time, the Ministry of Aircraft Production contracted
880:
moved into the line between the 6th Airborne and the Highland Division. Then on 7 August, the 6th Airborne Division was ordered to prepare to move over to the offensive, with its objective being the mouth of the
1318:
and the 8th and 9th Parachute Battalions in early January. Finally, the brigade headquarters was disbanded at the end of January. During their service in Palestine, nine men from the brigade had been killed.
1133:
companies. A hand-to-hand battle ensued, lasting 18 hours and eventually drawing in all three battalions; by midnight the town was secured, with around 300 prisoners taken. The brigade's next objective was
1011:
in northern France, and the 6th Airborne was sent by sea to Belgium to assist the defence. With 29 German and 33 Allied divisions involved, the Battle of the Bulge was the largest single battle on the
3364:
1270:
in Jerusalem was bombed, which was the catalyst for Operation Shark, the searching of every house and property in Tel Aviv. For this operation the brigade had all the divisional artillery and the
2928:
1309:. The next major operation was in July, when an indefinite night time curfew was imposed, in response to several attacks in and around the city. The curfew lasted until the end of the month.
3359:
3369:
3220:
3111:
2921:
3142:
3134:
999:, 6th Airborne Division was available as a component of the strategic reserve for the Allied forces in northwest Europe. The other two divisions available in reserve, the American
909:. The 1st Canadian Parachute Battalion was behind them, and the 9th Parachute Battalion in reserve. The next day the brigade met heavy resistance just beyond Goustranville, on the
626:
arrived later in the day just before dark. The division's objective was to secure the left flank of the invasion area by dominating the high ground in the area between the rivers
832:
charge by 'B' Company. The next day the battalion was involved in several small battles, and on 9 June sent a reconnaissance patrol to check if the Germans were still occupying
687:
carrying their heavy equipment. The 8th Parachute Battalion, landing on DZ-K along with the brigade headquarters, was tasked with destroying the bridges over the River Dives at
3323:
3315:
618:
spread over three days involving the 1st and 6th Airborne Divisions. Unknown to the 6th Airborne, it was a full-scale rehearsal for the division's involvement in the imminent
3006:
1375:
510:
463:
1106:
arrived after completing their assault crossing of the Rhine. The day's fighting had cost the brigade 80 dead and 190 wounded, however they had taken around 700 prisoners.
1191:
At the end of May 1945, the division was pulled out of Germany and returned to England. It was initially intended to send them to India to form an airborne corps with the
808:
overran the 9th Parachute Battalion's position. The situation was only saved by a counterattack by 'A' Company 1st Canadian Battalion under the command of Brigadier Hill.
935:, and the 5th Parachute Brigade reached Pont Audemer, which was the division's last objective. On 27 August the division was ordered to concentrate in the area between
2956:
866:
298:
174:
439:. Hill remained in command through the remaining war years until July 1945, when Lathbury once again assumed command. The last commander of the brigade was Brigadier
3081:
727:
later that day. By nightfall the brigade was deployed facing east, along the ridge of high ground from Le Plein in the north to the Bois de Bavent in the south.
1438:
474:
which was in the process of forming. At the end of the Second World War, the 1st Canadian Battalion returned to Canada, and was replaced in the brigade by the
297:. The brigade achieved all its objectives, and remained defending the left flank of the invasion zone until mid August. They then crossed the River Dives and
3344:
1146:. Resting overnight, the battalion crossed the half-empty canal at 10:30 the next day. Over the next 36 hours the brigade advanced 70 miles (110 km) to
931:, and the 5th Parachute Brigade then took over as the division's lead unit. On 24 August the 3rd Parachute Brigade and 4th Special Service Brigade captured
1157:
then took over from the 6th Airborne Division as the lead formation until 30 April when the Airborne Division once more resumed the advance, crossing the
3051:
3274:
3046:
3016:
3011:
3091:
2996:
1365:
1314:
1286:. For the first time army dogs trained in metal detecting were used during the operations, and they located a large arms cache in both settlements.
455:
259:
3259:
3234:
950:
missing. The 3rd Parachute Brigade had 207 killed. The division was withdrawn from France and embarked for England at the beginning of September.
746:
623:
275:
305:. The brigade remained on the border between Belgium and the Netherlands carrying out patrols until March 1945. Their next airborne mission was
3287:
3282:
3254:
3249:
3239:
3229:
1431:
1196:
1075:
758:
529:
517:
471:
436:
271:
267:
263:
142:
138:
1434:
had been called the "Rote Teufel" or "Red Devils" by the German troops they had fought in North Africa. The title was officially confirmed by
972:
In England the brigade went into a period of recruitment and training, concentrating on house-to-house street fighting in the bombed areas of
3297:
3124:
3031:
2991:
2903:
2795:
2735:
2716:
2656:
2637:
2618:
1274:
under their command. The brigade's next tasks were Operations Bream and Eel between 28 August and 4 September, which entailed the search of
1043:. Near the end of February the division returned to England to prepare for another airborne mission, to cross the River Rhine into Germany.
3041:
3026:
1757:
1071:
877:
349:
3036:
1753:
364:
assumed parachute duties, and on 21 November was re-designated the 11th Special Air Service Battalion, with a parachute and glider wing.
2589:
1206:
852:
crossed the River Orne from the west, and took over responsibility for the southern sector of the Orne bridgehead. At the same time the
781:
395:
48:
3182:
3177:
3021:
3001:
2986:
1370:
1335:
1186:
583:
459:
368:
333:
190:
186:
44:
3305:
3192:
3187:
3172:
3167:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2881:
2862:
2843:
2817:
2776:
2754:
2697:
2675:
2579:
2560:
1568:
1390:
1347:
1154:
849:
599:
490:
475:
432:
211:
540:
From June to December 1943, the brigade prepared for operations as part of the 6th Airborne Division, training at every level from
3162:
3096:
1380:
1040:
467:
1202:
920:
572:
741:
On 7 June 9 Parachute Battalion, relieved by the Special Service Brigade commandos, moved southwards to the Bois de Mont near
943:
655:
520:, and as such had to supply reinforcements to make the 1st Parachute Brigade up to strength before they left to take part in
290:
170:
1015:
during the war. On Christmas Day the division moved up to take position in front of the spearhead of the German advance; by
942:
In nine days of fighting the 6th Airborne Division had advanced 45 miles (72 km), despite, as the divisional commander
398:, and to develop plans to convert several infantry battalions into parachute and glider battalions. On 31 May 1941, a joint
301:
before they were withdrawn. While recovering in England, the brigade was moved to Belgium in December 1944, to counter the
3119:
1450:
Some sources claim the 9th Parachute Battalion had the "most critical of all tasks assigned to the 6th Airborne Division."
1298:
1271:
1192:
661:
1221:
to acclimatise and regain their fitness after the voyage from England. On 21 October the brigade was deployed around the
3086:
1012:
642:
landings, and to demolish bridges across the River Dives to hamper the arrival of German reinforcements from the east.
3374:
853:
724:
1125:
On 27 March the division started advancing further into Germany. The 8th Parachute Battalion was the first to reach
3264:
996:
770:
420:
2805:
1249:
Over the night of 2/3 April 1946, there were several attacks on railway installations around the country. One at
796:
fire, but the Germans then mounted a determined infantry assault, and the battalion had to call for support from
785:
407:
1435:
1394:
1267:
886:
837:
576:
494:
384:
1213:
The 3rd Parachute Brigade was the first unit of the Airborne Division to arrive in Palestine, disembarking at
1209:
soldier standing guard over Jewish civilians waiting to be questioned during Operation Shark, July–August 1946
964:
745:, shortening the front held by the 3rd Parachute Brigade. The 6th Airborne Division's deployments now had the
622:. In the invasion, the division's two parachute brigades would land just after midnight on 6 June, while the
1385:
1234:
1095:
1004:
845:
541:
387:, an aircraft capable of transporting eight soldiers, that was used for both assault and training purposes.
360:
to investigate the possibility of creating a force of 5,000 parachute troops. As a result, on 22 June 1940,
2572:
Airborne Armour: Tetrarch, Locust, Hamilcar and the 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment 1938–1950
1143:
38:
1238:
1000:
3354:
3210:
3202:
1297:
In January 1947, the 6th Airborne Division was moved to northern Palestine, swapping locations with the
750:
680:
665:
1039:. The brigade carried out patrols, on both sides of the river, against their opponents from the German
777:
742:
3061:
2944:
1070:, began. For their part in Operation Varsity, the 6th Airborne Division was assigned to the American
816:
712:
704:
635:
619:
380:
1263:
991:
By December the brigade was preparing for Christmas leave, when news of the German offensive in the
528:, the 3rd Parachute Brigade remained behind, and was assigned as the first unit of the newly raised
3101:
3071:
959:
946:
841:
793:
325:
302:
178:
2827:
1081:
2913:
910:
789:
736:
579:
470:
arrived in England and was assigned to the brigade, and the 7th Battalion was transferred to the
391:
594:, 8 March 1944. Stood closest to the camera is the brigade's commander, Brigadier "Speedy" Hill.
532:. The brigade would remain part of the 6th Airborne Division until 1947, when it was disbanded.
700:
2899:
2877:
2858:
2839:
2813:
2791:
2772:
2750:
2731:
2712:
2693:
2671:
2652:
2633:
2614:
2597:
2575:
2556:
2539:
1243:
1063:
1056:
1052:
797:
720:
615:
562:
502:
424:
353:
329:
306:
286:
182:
162:
17:
2948:
1130:
1109:
870:
345:
1289:
703:. The 9th Battalion, also landing on DZ-V, had arguably the hardest task; neutralising the
3152:
3076:
1406:
1400:
1341:
1067:
915:
811:
688:
676:
651:
603:
521:
486:
482:
428:
403:
282:
252:
207:
166:
118:
1572:
446:
2832:
1099:
754:
684:
558:
554:
361:
266:, but remained in Britain when that division was sent overseas, and became part of the
235:
80:
773:, and finally the 3rd Parachute Brigade holding the ridge of high ground to the east.
695:. The 1st Canadian Battalion, landing on DZ-V, was required to destroy the bridges at
3338:
2764:
1259:
924:
906:
631:
525:
294:
2685:
1353:
1024:
981:
894:
890:
762:
627:
440:
399:
394:, prompted the War Office to expand the airborne force through the creation of the
98:
1246:
operations: Pintail on 29 December, Heron on 8 January, and Pigeon on 30 January.
1293:
Arms and ammunition found during Operation Bream, a search of a Jewish settlement
1237:
called for a 12-hour strike, which resulted in rioting in Tel Aviv. By 18:15 the
675:
From around 00:50 the rest of the brigade arrived in Normandy after crossing the
2891:
1761:
1139:
1103:
985:
973:
882:
804:
784:, were only driven back by a counterattack led by the 9th Parachute Battalion's
766:
639:
634:. For their part in the operation, the 3rd Parachute Brigade had to destroy the
607:
372:
1306:
1233:. The first incident involving the brigade came on 14 November 1945, when the
1199:, the division was sent to the Middle East as the Imperial Strategic Reserve.
1166:
1161:
over a bridge captured by the Scottish division. The division's objective was
1158:
1086:
1028:
1016:
977:
932:
566:
550:
419:
The 3rd Parachute Brigade was raised on 7 November 1942, under the command of
376:
357:
314:
2601:
481:
The brigade's other units were the 3rd Airlanding Anti-Tank Battery from the
2543:
1332:
1218:
1170:
928:
696:
669:
611:
591:
498:
902:
2536:
On Wings of Healing: The Story of the Airborne Medical Services 1940–1960
1226:
1174:
1114:
1036:
992:
936:
546:
506:
318:
108:
1255:
1126:
980:. The training programme culminated in Exercise Eve, an assault on the
829:
765:, the attached 1st Special Service Brigade to the north with troops in
587:
255:
128:
1019:
they had reached their allocated places in the defensive line between
1279:
1162:
1147:
1135:
1118:
1020:
1008:
833:
692:
324:
Still part of the 6th Airborne Division, the brigade was sent to the
524:. When the 1st Airborne Division left England for operations in the
383:
to design and produce a glider for this purpose. The result was the
968:
Two airborne soldiers man their wireless trench in the Netherlands.
1302:
1288:
1283:
1275:
1250:
1230:
1214:
1201:
1108:
1080:
1032:
963:
810:
571:
445:
344:
Impressed by the success of German airborne operations during the
310:
336:, it remained in Palestine until it was disbanded in 1947.
52:
2917:
478:, which had previously been part of the 1st Parachute Brigade.
3350:
Airborne infantry brigades of the British Army in World War II
1222:
2709:
Paras versus the Reich: Canada's Paratroopers at War, 1942–45
602:, the brigade took part in Exercise Mush, in the counties of
2874:
Airborne to Battle: A History of Airborne Warfare, 1918–1971
1169:; the two parachute brigades advanced on separate routes to
2555:. Volume 1 of Elite series. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing.
927:. After a hard battle the 8th Parachute Battalion captured
2769:
The Second World War 1939–1945 Army – Airborne Forces
2596:. Great Missenden, UK: Sampson Low, Marston & Co Ltd.
328:
in October 1945 after the end of the war. Carrying out an
1301:. The 3rd Parachute Brigade took over responsibility for
668:, a company from the 1st Canadian Battalion to clear the
313:
in Germany. After this, the brigade advanced towards the
281:
The brigade first went into action on 5 June 1944 during
1441:
and henceforth applied to all British airborne troops.
1062:
artillery guns targeted the German positions. At dusk
501:
support available to the brigade would also include a
2896:
With the 6th Airborne Division in Palestine 1945–1948
586:
during an inspection of the 6th Airborne Division at
3365:
Military units and formations disestablished in 1947
2074:
2072:
431:, who in turn was replaced in May 1943 by Brigadier
3314:
3296:
3273:
3219:
3201:
3151:
3133:
3125:
53rd (Worcester Yeomanry) Airlanding Light Regiment
3110:
3060:
2955:
1376:
9th (Eastern and Home Counties) Parachute Battalion
939:and Pont Audemer and prepare to return to England.
511:
53rd (Worcester Yeomanry) Airlanding Light Regiment
464:
9th (Eastern and Home Counties) Parachute Battalion
222:
217:
201:
196:
158:
148:
134:
124:
114:
104:
86:
68:
60:
31:
3082:2nd Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry
2831:
885:. The three divisions east of the Orne now became
3360:Military units and formations established in 1943
889:, and when issuing his orders Lieutenant General
792:. One of the self-propelled guns was blown up by
450:Parachute troops during Exercise Mush, April 1944
3370:Airborne infantry brigades of the United Kingdom
2538:. Edinburgh, United Kingdom: William Blackwood.
1066:, an assault river crossing of the Rhine by the
867:6th Airborne Division advance to the River Seine
390:The success of the first British airborne raid,
175:6th Airborne Division advance to the River Seine
2118:
2116:
819:, near the hotly contested village of Breville
3143:6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment
2929:
2668:Wings Of War –Airborne Warfare 1918–1945
2630:Airborne: World War II Paratroopers in Combat
1217:on 3 October 1945. The brigade then moved to
516:On formation the brigade was assigned to the
8:
1681:
1679:
1313:The 3rd Parachute Battalion joined with the
553:. A large part of the training consisted of
2088:
2086:
2084:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1606:
1604:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
513:, although it was not part of the brigade.
2936:
2922:
2914:
2730:. Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword Military.
2690:Armageddon: The Battle for Germany 1944-45
2594:With the 6th Airborne Division in Normandy
2574:. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company Ltd.
2308:
2306:
2251:
2249:
2230:
2228:
2191:
2189:
2187:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2035:
2033:
1978:
1976:
1921:
1919:
1864:
1862:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1802:
1800:
1781:
1779:
1693:
1691:
1651:
1649:
1618:
1616:
454:The brigade was initially composed of the
37:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1630:
1628:
1594:
1592:
1590:
664:aircraft arrived, carrying the brigade's
427:. Stanier was soon replaced by Brigadier
2898:. Barnsley, UK: Pen and Sword Military.
2609:Gregory, Barry; Batchelor, John (1979).
1366:7th (Light Infantry) Parachute Battalion
565:included capturing and holding airborne
456:7th (Light Infantry) Parachute Battalion
262:. The brigade was initially part of the
260:British Army during the Second World War
2790:. Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword Books.
2707:Horn, Bernd; Wyczynski, Michel (2003).
2651:. New York: Turner Publishing Company.
1463:
1423:
844:supported by a troop of tanks from the
2728:Silent Skies: Gliders At War 1939–1945
2711:. Toronto, Canada: Dundurn Press Ltd.
815:Men of the 9th Parachute Battalion in
776:The Germans still held the village of
334:with the rest of 6th Airborne Division
28:
2670:. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
984:, which was intended to simulate the
749:in the south, holding a line between
443:, who took over on 15 November 1946.
7:
2857:. London: Pen & Sword Aviation.
2855:History of the Glider Pilot Regiment
1758:Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)
878:49th (West Riding) Infantry Division
761:to the rear just to the east of the
660:Just after midnight on 6 June 1944,
598:In April 1944, under the command of
485:, the 3rd Parachute Squadron of the
3345:Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)
711:armoured vehicles belonging to the
3183:195th (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
3178:181st (Airlanding) Field Ambulance
2786:Peters, Mike; Luuk, Buist (2009).
1371:8th (Midlands) Parachute Battalion
1336:Sir Alexander Stanier, 2nd Baronet
1225:district, with responsibility for
1187:6th Airborne Division in Palestine
638:, whose guns were in range of the
584:8th (Midlands) Parachute Battalion
460:8th (Midlands) Parachute Battalion
299:advanced as far as the River Seine
25:
3193:225th (Parachute) Field Ambulance
3188:224th (Parachute) Field Ambulance
3173:133rd (Parachute) Field Ambulance
3168:127th (Parachute) Field Ambulance
3097:7th King's Own Scottish Borderers
2838:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing.
2749:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing.
2632:. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing.
1399:3rd Airlanding Anti-Tank Battery–
1391:224th (Parachute) Field Ambulance
1155:15th (Scottish) Infantry Division
850:51st (Highland) Infantry Division
491:224th (Parachute) Field Ambulance
3163:16th (Parachute) Field Ambulance
3087:2nd South Staffordshire Regiment
2765:Otway, Lieutenant-Colonel T.B.H.
2745:Moreman, Timothy Robert (2006).
1381:1st Canadian Parachute Battalion
468:1st Canadian Parachute Battalion
291:destroy the Merville Gun Battery
234:
91:
73:
3007:9th (Eastern and Home Counties)
2812:. London: New English Library.
2771:. London: Imperial War Museum.
1643:Horn and Wyczynski, p. 323
1622:Horn and Wyczynski, p. 270
406:memorandum was approved by the
2649:USA Airborne: 50th Anniversary
1754:"The British Airborne Assault"
1085:Paratroopers marching through
656:Battle of Merville Gun Battery
309:, the assault crossing of the
171:Battle of Merville Gun Battery
1:
3120:1st Airlanding Light Regiment
3092:2nd King's Own Royal Regiment
1488:Shortt and McBride, p. 4
1193:44th Indian Airborne Division
582:greets RSM A. Parsons of the
369:Central Landing Establishment
317:, arriving just ahead of the
303:German attack in the Ardennes
43:Paratrooper of the brigade's
18:British 3rd Parachute Brigade
2613:. Exeter, UK: Exeter Books.
1961:Harclerode, pp. 344–346
1943:Harclerode, pp. 332–333
1913:Harclerode, pp. 329–330
1904:Harclerode, pp. 328–329
1847:Harclerode, pp. 322–324
1794:Harclerode, pp. 306–309
1664:Harclerode, pp. 222–223
1129:, which was defended by two
1074:alongside the United States
326:British mandate of Palestine
2611:Airborne Warfare, 1918–1945
1571:. Para Data. Archived from
1113:Canadian paratroopers meet
854:4th Special Service Brigade
725:1st Special Service Brigade
3391:
3265:Special Air Service Troops
2806:Saunders, Hilary St George
2666:Harclerode, Peter (2005).
2300:Saunders, pp. 297–298
2273:Saunders, pp. 294–295
1934:Saunders, pp. 182–183
1877:Saunders, pp. 175–176
1272:3rd The King's Own Hussars
1184:
1138:and the bridge across the
1050:
997:First Allied Airborne Army
957:
864:
734:
649:
2872:Tugwell, Maurice (1971).
2830:; McBride, Angus (1981).
2747:British Commandos 1940–46
2551:Ferguson, Gregor (1984).
1177:advancing from the east.
1096:Corporal Frederick Topham
1089:in Germany, 25 March 1945
842:12th Devonshire Battalion
786:Regimental Sergeant Major
293:and the bridges over the
36:
3102:12th Devonshire Regiment
3022:11th Special Air Service
2519:Wilson, pp. 207–211
1395:Royal Army Medical Corps
838:12th Parachute Battalion
497:. During operations the
495:Royal Army Medical Corps
466:. On 11 August 1943 the
385:General Aircraft Hotspur
3072:1st Royal Ulster Rifles
2834:The Special Air Service
2788:Glider Pilots at Arnhem
2647:Hagerman, Bart (1990).
2534:Cole, Howard N (1963).
2181:Harclerode, p. 551
2154:Harclerode, p. 549
2078:Harclerode, p. 363
2048:Harclerode, p. 356
2000:Otway, pp. 187–188
1982:Harclerode, p. 348
1970:Harclerode, p. 347
1952:Harclerode, p. 333
1925:Harclerode, p. 330
1895:Harclerode, p. 328
1868:Harclerode, p. 327
1856:Harclerode, p. 320
1838:Harclerode, p. 321
1820:Harclerode, p. 322
1785:Harclerode, p. 317
1697:Harclerode, p. 225
1673:Harclerode, p. 223
1569:"3rd Parachute Brigade"
1405:3rd Parachute Squadron–
1386:3rd Parachute Battalion
1315:2nd Parachute Battalion
1235:Jewish National Council
846:13th/18th Royal Hussars
782:346th Infantry Division
614:. This was an airborne
476:3rd Parachute Battalion
289:. The objective was to
51:, pictured here with a
3260:6th Airlanding Brigade
3235:1st Airlanding Brigade
2947:airborne units of the
2853:Smith, Claude (1992).
2438:Cole, pp. 204–205
2429:Wilson, pp. 57–58
2420:Wilson, pp. 44–45
1294:
1239:Palestine Police Force
1210:
1122:
1090:
1076:17th Airborne Division
1041:7th Parachute Division
995:broke. As part of the
969:
820:
747:6th Airlanding Brigade
624:6th Airlanding Brigade
595:
580:Sir Bernard Montgomery
451:
350:British Prime Minister
276:6th Airlanding Brigade
3288:6th Airborne Division
3283:1st Airborne Division
3255:5th Parachute Brigade
3250:4th Parachute Brigade
3245:3rd Parachute Brigade
3240:2nd Parachute Brigade
3230:1st Parachute Brigade
3211:Glider Pilot Regiment
2628:Guard, Julie (2007).
2570:Flint, Keith (2006).
2312:Saunders, p. 299
2291:Saunders, p. 297
2282:Saunders, p. 296
2264:Saunders, p. 291
2255:Saunders, p. 289
2222:Saunders, p. 285
2204:Saunders, p. 284
2195:Saunders, p. 288
2163:Saunders, p. 283
2131:Hastings, p. 239
2122:Saunders, p. 279
2110:Hagerman, p. 164
2066:Saunders, p. 204
2057:Saunders, p. 202
2039:Saunders, p. 198
2027:Saunders, p. 197
2009:Saunders, p. 196
1886:Saunders, p. 176
1729:Saunders, p. 143
1432:1st Parachute Brigade
1299:1st Infantry Division
1292:
1205:
1197:2nd Parachute Brigade
1185:Further information:
1112:
1084:
1051:Further information:
967:
958:Further information:
865:Further information:
814:
759:5th Parachute Brigade
735:Further information:
679:, transported in 108
650:Further information:
575:
530:6th Airborne Division
518:1st Airborne Division
472:5th Parachute Brigade
449:
437:1st Parachute Brigade
272:5th Parachute Brigade
268:6th Airborne Division
264:1st Airborne Division
249:3rd Parachute Brigade
187:Advance to the Baltic
143:6th Airborne Division
139:1st Airborne Division
32:3rd Parachute Brigade
3324:Deception formations
2997:7th (Light Infantry)
2590:Gale, Richard Nelson
2321:Gregory, p. 125
2140:Gregory, p. 118
1806:Gregory, p. 108
1738:Gregory, p. 101
1720:Gregory, p. 100
1598:Ferguson, p. 16
1551:Tugwell, p. 123
1439:Sir Harold Alexander
1121:, Germany, May 1945.
1117:on the east side of
1072:XVIII Airborne Corps
861:Advance to the Seine
713:21st Panzer Division
705:Merville Gun Battery
636:Merville Gun Battery
435:, previously of the
381:General Aircraft Ltd
367:On 21 June 1940 the
3077:1st Border Regiment
2726:Lynch, Tim (2008).
2510:Wilson, p. 152
2501:Wilson, p. 143
2492:Wilson, p. 140
2172:Gregory, p. 85
1685:Wilson, p. 153
1634:Gregory, p. 53
1575:on 18 December 2010
1497:Moreman, p. 91
1327:Commanding officers
960:Battle of the Bulge
794:Vickers machine gun
790:self propelled guns
536:Operational history
179:Battle of the Bulge
3375:Operation Overlord
3306:1st Airborne Corps
2876:. London: Kimber.
2483:Wilson, p. 98
2465:Wilson, p. 92
2456:Wilson, p. 80
2447:Wilson, p. 74
2411:Wilson, p. 44
2402:Wilson, p. 35
2393:Wilson, p. 29
2384:Wilson, p. 28
2375:Wilson, p. 27
2366:Wilson, p. 22
2101:Gale, p. 126.
2092:Otway, p. 191
1829:Otway, p. 180
1764:on 30 January 2006
1711:Guard, p. 225
1610:Wilson, p. 86
1542:Harclerode, p. 218
1295:
1211:
1207:Parachute Regiment
1144:Dortmund–Ems Canal
1123:
1091:
1007:, were already at
970:
821:
737:Battle of Breville
600:1st Airborne Corps
596:
563:Military exercises
452:
396:Parachute Regiment
392:Operation Colossus
109:Parachute Infantry
49:Parachute Regiment
3332:
3331:
3032:13th (Lancashire)
2992:6th (Royal Welch)
2905:978-1-84415-771-6
2797:978-1-84415-763-1
2737:978-0-7503-0633-1
2718:978-1-55002-470-8
2658:978-0-938021-90-2
2639:978-1-84603-196-0
2620:978-0-89673-025-0
2553:The Paras 1940–84
2474:Cole, p. 208
2357:Wilson, p. 5
2348:Cole, p. 202
2339:Wilson, p. 4
2330:Wilson, p. 3
2243:Cole, p. 161
2234:Cole, p. 160
2213:Cole, p. 159
1655:Guard, p. 37
1533:Lynch, p. 31
1524:Flint, p. 73
1479:Otway, p. 21
1470:Otway, p. 88
1266:. On 22 July the
1244:cordon and search
1064:Operation Plunder
1057:Operation Plunder
1053:Operation Varsity
848:. On 13 June the
771:Franceville-Plage
763:River Orne bridge
620:Normandy invasion
616:military exercise
425:Alexander Stanier
354:Winston Churchill
330:internal security
307:Operation Varsity
287:Normandy landings
242:
241:
183:Operation Varsity
163:Normandy landings
16:(Redirected from
3382:
3042:16th (Staffords)
3027:12th (Yorkshire)
2949:Second World War
2938:
2931:
2924:
2915:
2909:
2887:
2868:
2849:
2837:
2823:
2801:
2782:
2760:
2741:
2722:
2703:
2681:
2662:
2643:
2624:
2605:
2585:
2566:
2547:
2520:
2517:
2511:
2508:
2502:
2499:
2493:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2475:
2472:
2466:
2463:
2457:
2454:
2448:
2445:
2439:
2436:
2430:
2427:
2421:
2418:
2412:
2409:
2403:
2400:
2394:
2391:
2385:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2358:
2355:
2349:
2346:
2340:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2322:
2319:
2313:
2310:
2301:
2298:
2292:
2289:
2283:
2280:
2274:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2256:
2253:
2244:
2241:
2235:
2232:
2223:
2220:
2214:
2211:
2205:
2202:
2196:
2193:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2141:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2111:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2093:
2090:
2079:
2076:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2049:
2046:
2040:
2037:
2028:
2025:
2019:
2018:Cole, p. 98
2016:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1998:
1992:
1991:Cole, p. 93
1989:
1983:
1980:
1971:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1923:
1914:
1911:
1905:
1902:
1896:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1869:
1866:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1818:
1807:
1804:
1795:
1792:
1786:
1783:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1760:. Archived from
1750:
1739:
1736:
1730:
1727:
1721:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1698:
1695:
1686:
1683:
1674:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1656:
1653:
1644:
1641:
1635:
1632:
1623:
1620:
1611:
1608:
1599:
1596:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1565:
1552:
1549:
1543:
1540:
1534:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1516:
1515:Smith, p. 7
1513:
1507:
1506:Otway, pp. 28–29
1504:
1498:
1495:
1489:
1486:
1480:
1477:
1471:
1468:
1451:
1448:
1442:
1428:
1268:King David Hotel
1131:Panzer Grenadier
1115:Russian soldiers
871:Operation Paddle
683:, along with 17
373:Ringway airfield
346:Battle of France
238:
97:
95:
94:
79:
77:
76:
41:
29:
21:
3390:
3389:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3310:
3292:
3269:
3223:
3215:
3197:
3154:
3147:
3129:
3106:
3063:
3056:
2958:
2951:
2942:
2912:
2906:
2890:
2884:
2871:
2865:
2852:
2846:
2826:
2820:
2804:
2798:
2785:
2779:
2763:
2757:
2744:
2738:
2725:
2719:
2706:
2700:
2684:
2678:
2665:
2659:
2646:
2640:
2627:
2621:
2608:
2588:
2582:
2569:
2563:
2550:
2533:
2529:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2509:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2437:
2433:
2428:
2424:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2356:
2352:
2347:
2343:
2338:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2320:
2316:
2311:
2304:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2263:
2259:
2254:
2247:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2226:
2221:
2217:
2212:
2208:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2185:
2180:
2176:
2171:
2167:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2144:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2121:
2114:
2109:
2105:
2100:
2096:
2091:
2082:
2077:
2070:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2038:
2031:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2008:
2004:
1999:
1995:
1990:
1986:
1981:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1960:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1903:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1885:
1881:
1876:
1872:
1867:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1828:
1824:
1819:
1810:
1805:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1784:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1752:
1751:
1742:
1737:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1710:
1701:
1696:
1689:
1684:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1654:
1647:
1642:
1638:
1633:
1626:
1621:
1614:
1609:
1602:
1597:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1541:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1429:
1425:
1415:
1407:Royal Engineers
1401:Royal Artillery
1342:Gerald Lathbury
1324:
1322:Order of battle
1189:
1183:
1068:21st Army Group
1059:
1049:
962:
956:
873:
863:
739:
733:
731:Orne bridgehead
677:English Channel
658:
652:Operation Tonga
648:
604:Gloucestershire
555:assault courses
538:
522:Operation Torch
487:Royal Engineers
483:Royal Artillery
429:Gerald Lathbury
417:
408:Chiefs-of-Staff
356:, directed the
342:
283:Operation Tonga
253:airborne forces
245:
230:
228:
226:
224:
210:
208:Gerald Lathbury
203:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
167:Operation Tonga
165:
141:
119:Airborne forces
92:
90:
74:
72:
56:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3388:
3386:
3378:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3337:
3336:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3326:
3320:
3318:
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3277:
3271:
3270:
3268:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3226:
3224:
3217:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3207:
3205:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3159:
3157:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3135:Reconnaissance
3131:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3122:
3116:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3084:
3079:
3074:
3068:
3066:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
3002:8th (Midlands)
2999:
2994:
2989:
2987:5th (Scottish)
2984:
2979:
2974:
2969:
2963:
2961:
2953:
2952:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2911:
2910:
2904:
2888:
2882:
2869:
2863:
2850:
2844:
2824:
2818:
2802:
2796:
2783:
2777:
2761:
2755:
2742:
2736:
2723:
2717:
2704:
2698:
2682:
2676:
2663:
2657:
2644:
2638:
2625:
2619:
2606:
2586:
2580:
2567:
2561:
2548:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2522:
2521:
2512:
2503:
2494:
2485:
2476:
2467:
2458:
2449:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2395:
2386:
2377:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2302:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2266:
2257:
2245:
2236:
2224:
2215:
2206:
2197:
2183:
2174:
2165:
2156:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2080:
2068:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2029:
2020:
2011:
2002:
1993:
1984:
1972:
1963:
1954:
1945:
1936:
1927:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1858:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1808:
1796:
1787:
1775:
1740:
1731:
1722:
1713:
1699:
1687:
1675:
1666:
1657:
1645:
1636:
1624:
1612:
1600:
1586:
1553:
1544:
1535:
1526:
1517:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1462:
1461:
1460:
1459:
1453:
1452:
1443:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1403:
1397:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1320:
1182:
1179:
1100:Victoria Cross
1048:
1045:
1005:101st Airborne
955:
952:
862:
859:
755:Herourvillette
732:
729:
647:
644:
559:route marching
537:
534:
416:
413:
371:was formed at
362:No. 2 Commando
341:
338:
285:, part of the
258:raised by the
243:
240:
239:
232:
220:
219:
215:
214:
205:
199:
198:
194:
193:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
88:
84:
83:
81:United Kingdom
70:
66:
65:
62:
58:
57:
42:
34:
33:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3387:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3317:
3313:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3299:
3295:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3209:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3203:Glider Pilots
3200:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3156:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3037:15th (King's)
3035:
3033:
3030:
3028:
3025:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2983:
2980:
2978:
2975:
2973:
2970:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2927:
2925:
2920:
2919:
2916:
2907:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2883:0-7183-0262-1
2879:
2875:
2870:
2866:
2864:1-84415-626-5
2860:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2845:0-85045-396-8
2841:
2836:
2835:
2829:
2828:Shortt, James
2825:
2821:
2819:0-450-01006-6
2815:
2811:
2810:The Red Beret
2807:
2803:
2799:
2793:
2789:
2784:
2780:
2778:0-901627-57-7
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2756:1-84176-986-X
2752:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2729:
2724:
2720:
2714:
2710:
2705:
2701:
2699:0-330-49062-1
2695:
2692:. Macmillan.
2691:
2687:
2686:Hastings, Max
2683:
2679:
2677:0-304-36730-3
2673:
2669:
2664:
2660:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2641:
2635:
2631:
2626:
2622:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2581:1-874622-37-X
2577:
2573:
2568:
2564:
2562:0-85045-573-1
2558:
2554:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2531:
2526:
2516:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2453:
2450:
2444:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2408:
2405:
2399:
2396:
2390:
2387:
2381:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2363:
2360:
2354:
2351:
2345:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2327:
2324:
2318:
2315:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2288:
2285:
2279:
2276:
2270:
2267:
2261:
2258:
2252:
2250:
2246:
2240:
2237:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2210:
2207:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2169:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2107:
2104:
2098:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2060:
2054:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2024:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2006:
2003:
1997:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1967:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1937:
1931:
1928:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1901:
1898:
1892:
1889:
1883:
1880:
1874:
1871:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1853:
1850:
1844:
1841:
1835:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1791:
1788:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1741:
1735:
1732:
1726:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1670:
1667:
1661:
1658:
1652:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1637:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1587:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1503:
1500:
1494:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1476:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1457:
1456:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1437:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1396:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1349:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1326:
1325:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1260:Givat Brenner
1257:
1252:
1247:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1188:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1128:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1083:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1058:
1054:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:Western Front
1010:
1006:
1002:
998:
994:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
966:
961:
953:
951:
948:
945:
944:Major-General
940:
938:
934:
930:
926:
925:River Touques
922:
921:Pont-l'EvĂŞque
919:objective of
917:
912:
908:
907:Goustranville
904:
898:
896:
892:
888:
884:
879:
872:
868:
860:
858:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
825:
818:
813:
809:
806:
802:
801:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
774:
772:
768:
764:
760:
756:
752:
748:
744:
738:
730:
728:
726:
722:
716:
714:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
685:Horsa gliders
682:
678:
673:
671:
667:
663:
657:
653:
645:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
593:
589:
585:
581:
578:
574:
570:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
535:
533:
531:
527:
526:Mediterranean
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
448:
444:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
414:
412:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
365:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
339:
337:
335:
331:
327:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
279:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
254:
250:
244:Military unit
237:
233:
221:
216:
213:
209:
206:
200:
195:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
144:
140:
137:
133:
130:
127:
123:
120:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
100:
89:
85:
82:
71:
67:
63:
59:
54:
50:
46:
45:8th Battalion
40:
35:
30:
27:
19:
3355:Paratroopers
3244:
2895:
2892:Wilson, Dare
2873:
2854:
2833:
2809:
2787:
2768:
2746:
2727:
2708:
2689:
2667:
2648:
2629:
2610:
2593:
2571:
2552:
2535:
2515:
2506:
2497:
2488:
2479:
2470:
2461:
2452:
2443:
2434:
2425:
2416:
2407:
2398:
2389:
2380:
2371:
2362:
2353:
2344:
2335:
2326:
2317:
2296:
2287:
2278:
2269:
2260:
2239:
2218:
2209:
2200:
2177:
2168:
2159:
2136:
2127:
2106:
2097:
2062:
2053:
2044:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1909:
1900:
1891:
1882:
1873:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1790:
1766:. Retrieved
1762:the original
1734:
1725:
1716:
1669:
1660:
1639:
1577:. Retrieved
1573:the original
1547:
1538:
1529:
1520:
1511:
1502:
1493:
1484:
1475:
1466:
1446:
1426:
1354:Francis Rome
1311:
1296:
1248:
1212:
1190:
1152:
1124:
1092:
1060:
990:
988:in Germany.
982:River Thames
971:
947:Richard Gale
941:
899:
895:Pont Audemer
891:John Crocker
874:
826:
822:
799:
775:
740:
717:
709:
681:C-47 Dakotas
674:
659:
597:
547:marksmanship
539:
515:
480:
453:
441:Francis Rome
418:
389:
366:
343:
323:
280:
270:, alongside
248:
246:
152:
135:Part of
99:British Army
26:
3052:151st/156th
1104:Royal Scots
986:River Rhine
974:Southampton
911:Dives Canal
883:River Seine
805:Black Watch
767:Sallenelles
751:Longueville
666:pathfinders
640:Sword Beach
608:Oxfordshire
567:bridgeheads
311:River Rhine
295:River Dives
159:Engagements
149:Nickname(s)
3339:Categories
3155:Ambulances
3064:Battalions
3062:Airlanding
2959:Battalions
2527:References
1352:Brigadier
1348:James Hill
1346:Brigadier
1340:Brigadier
1307:Dov Gruner
1264:No'ar Oved
1167:Baltic Sea
1159:River Elbe
1087:Hamminkeln
1031:, between
1029:River Maas
1017:Boxing Day
978:Birmingham
933:Beuzeville
817:Amfreville
551:fieldcraft
433:James Hill
377:Manchester
358:War Office
340:Background
315:Baltic Sea
212:James Hill
204:commanders
197:Commanders
153:Red Devils
3316:Deception
3275:Divisions
3112:Artillery
2957:Parachute
2602:464063862
1768:26 August
1458:Citations
1418:Footnotes
1333:Brigadier
1181:Palestine
1171:Gadebusch
1140:River Ems
929:Annebault
916:prisoners
723:from the
721:commandos
701:Robehomme
697:Varaville
670:drop zone
662:Albemarle
612:Wiltshire
592:Wiltshire
545:fitness,
509:from the
507:howitzers
499:artillery
493:from the
421:Brigadier
415:Formation
404:air force
191:Palestine
64:1942–1948
3221:Brigades
2894:(2008).
2808:(1971).
2767:(1990).
2688:(2005).
2592:(1948).
2544:29847628
1227:Tel Aviv
1175:Red Army
1098:, won a
1037:Roermond
993:Ardennes
954:Ardennes
937:Honfleur
800:Arethusa
778:Bréville
743:Bréville
489:and the
462:and the
319:Red Army
229:airborne
218:Insignia
53:Sten gun
2945:British
1436:General
1282:in the
1256:Palmach
1165:on the
1127:Lembeck
1047:Germany
923:on the
887:I Corps
830:bayonet
824:Bures.
588:Bulford
577:General
542:section
503:battery
256:brigade
251:was an
227:British
202:Notable
129:Brigade
69:Country
2902:
2880:
2861:
2842:
2816:
2794:
2775:
2753:
2734:
2715:
2696:
2674:
2655:
2636:
2617:
2600:
2578:
2559:
2542:
1579:15 May
1280:Ruhama
1163:Wismar
1148:Minden
1136:Greven
1119:Wismar
1021:Dinant
1009:Rheims
903:Dozulé
834:Bavent
757:, the
693:Troarn
458:, the
348:, the
231:forces
225:of the
223:Emblem
96:
87:Branch
78:
61:Active
3298:Corps
3153:Field
1413:Notes
1360:Units
1303:Haifa
1284:Negev
1276:Dorot
1251:Yibna
1231:Jaffa
1223:Lydda
1215:Haifa
1033:Venlo
1025:Namur
689:Bures
646:D-Day
632:Dives
375:near
332:role
3047:17th
3017:11th
3012:10th
2900:ISBN
2878:ISBN
2859:ISBN
2840:ISBN
2814:ISBN
2792:ISBN
2773:ISBN
2751:ISBN
2732:ISBN
2713:ISBN
2694:ISBN
2672:ISBN
2653:ISBN
2634:ISBN
2615:ISBN
2598:OCLC
2576:ISBN
2557:ISBN
2540:OCLC
1770:2011
1581:2011
1430:The
1278:and
1262:and
1229:and
1219:Gaza
1153:The
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1001:82nd
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2982:4th
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1258:in
505:of
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