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417:. While a handful of people survived the Alexandra Hospital massacre, the number remains unclear. Survivors included George Britton, Walter Salmon, Fred Shenstone, Arthur Haines, Fergus Anckorn, and perhaps those who managed to escape their cell under mortar fire, S.W.J. Hoskins, F.A.H. Gurd, R. de Warrenne Waller and G.W. Johnson. In a
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at 378 Alexandra Road, and known as
Alexandra Hospital for the nearby park of the same name. After years of planning, the 356-bed hospital opened with some of the best medical facilities in Asia, including then-groundbreaking
398:, had been moved from the upstairs ward to the dining room and were in makeshift beds under the dining table. Britton later described how the Japanese rushed in, taking all the bread piled on the table. But although an
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ordered them to assemble on the hospital grounds outside. The troops removed about 400 patients and staff and locked them up in a small fetid room nearby, where many died of
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was marched out and bayoneted, those on the floor were ignored. They were left in the hospital for three days without food or water before being moved to the
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on 11 September 1971 and officially reopened four days later as
Alexandra Road General Hospital. At its the height, the hospital adopted
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in 1945, a book containing the names of those massacred by the
Japanese was kept in the hospital. Its current whereabouts are unknown.
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fire and some detainees staggered out and were killed by
Japanese machine-gun fire. Those who escaped are thought to include
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to the
Alexandra Military Hospital. The area was a key Japanese objective, containing the British army's biggest
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A plaque in the hospital gardens commemorates the massacre and expands on the hospital's history after the war.
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Faucher, Carole, As the wind blows and dew comes down: Ghost stories and collective memory in
Singapore, in
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The
Alexandra Hospital is also known for some of the renowned medical experts it has employed, including:
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in the hospital, but was killed immediately. Among the hospital patients were surviving crew members from
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671:. National University of Singapore, in Association with Alexandra Hospital and Singapore Polytechnic
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Established in 1938 and officially opened in July 1940, the facility was located four miles west of
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After World War II and into the 1970s, the
Alexandra Hospital remained one of the most modern in
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mentions a short video recording made by another survivor of the massacre, Fred
Shenstone of the
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Donald C Bowie, Captive
Surgeon in Hong Kong: The Story of the British Military Hospital, In:
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on wheelbarrows, carts, or anything with wheels, as no motorised vehicles were available.
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Tyersall Park Hospital was used for the British Army Indian troop, .225, Sagar Coulter
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Other surviving staff and patients of the hospital were eventually transferred to the
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IWM Interview with Richard Gwillim, who survived the Alexandra Hospital massacre
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G.W. Johnson. Other survivors were taken from their cells in small groups and
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Alexandra Hospital: From British Military to Civilian Institution, 1938–1998
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news interview, Fergus Anckorn mistakenly claimed to be the only survivor.
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Successful Singapore: A Tiny Nation's Saga from Founder to Accomplisher
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Medicine and Victory: British Military Medicine in the Second World War
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In 2008, a four-page account of the massacre, by Private Haines of the
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805:, Ryan Bishop, John Phillips, Wei-Wei Yeo, Routledge, Singapore, 2004
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359:. The next afternoon, a cell door burst open under the effects of
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from the country, the hospital was handed over to the Singaporean
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walked over to the Japanese troops to announce the surrender of
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Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society
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Battleship: The Loss of the Prince of Wales and the Repulse
428:, was sold in a private auction. Reg Twigg, in his book
859:
Sinister Twilight: The Fall and Rise Again of Singapore
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on the first and second floors to cover its retreat. A
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The Queen Alexandra Military Hospital Millbank, S.W.
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757:. London, England: Penguin. pp. 121–122, 307.
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267:retreated west through the hospital, setting up
845:The 25 Best World War II Sites: Pacific Theater
803:Beyond Description: Singapore Space Historicity
819:, National University of Singapore Press, 1981
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379:by the Japanese. The bodies were buried in a
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798:, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2000
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510:Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine
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508:of medicine and honorary director of the
217:Today, Alexandra Hospital is part of the
796:War and Memory in Malaysia and Singapore
582:"About Alexandra Hospital: Our Heritage"
347:members. Before they could repeat their
1373:National Centre for Infectious Diseases
836:Middlebrook, Martin, Mahoney, Patrick,
812:, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1954
728:"Singapore Alexandra Hospital 16.03.10"
524:
1481:20th-century architecture in Singapore
794:Lim, Patricia Pui Huen, Wong, Diana,
707:George Britton, personal recollection
7:
1456:Hospital buildings completed in 1938
613:
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142:British Military Hospital, Singapore
24:British Military Hospital, Singapore
1326:Ang Mo Kio - Thye Hua Kwan Hospital
415:Royal Australian Army Medical Corps
371:R. de Warrenne Waller, and Medical
1117:KK Women's and Children's Hospital
14:
1476:1938 establishments in Singapore
1150:Bright Vision Community Hospital
555:"New Military Hospital Now Open"
475:National University of Singapore
367:S.W.J. Hoskins and F.A.H. Gurd,
219:National University of Singapore
110:National University of Singapore
1466:World War II sites in Singapore
1336:St. Andrew's Community Hospital
1222:Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital
826:, Oxford University Press, 2004
810:The Royal Naval Medical Service
1471:Defunct hospitals in Singapore
817:X-rays in Singapore, 1896–1975
473:, and it is now a part of the
245:Imperial Japanese Armed Forces
1:
1388:Singapore National Eye Centre
1053:Ng Teng Fong General Hospital
808:Sagar Coulter, Jack Leonard,
434:Royal Leicestershire Regiment
202:and in 1975 was the first in
1383:Singapore Gamma Knife Centre
1048:National University Hospital
847:, AS Davis Media Group, 2002
492:, an international renowned
189:British military withdrawing
183:Six years after Singapore's
1160:Sengkang Community Hospital
833:, M. Joseph Publisher, 1960
644:p.327, Middlebrook, Mahoney
265:1st Malaya Infantry Brigade
231:Alexandra Hospital massacre
206:to successfully reattach a
126:; 84 years ago
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1461:British military hospitals
1166:Eastern Community Hospital
1122:Singapore General Hospital
991:Institute of Mental Health
854:, SSMB Pub. Division, 1992
755:Survivor on the River Kwai
561:. 28 July 1940. p. 6.
455:
430:Survivor on the River Kwai
228:
1416:British Military Hospital
1411:
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1378:Singapore Cord Blood Bank
1368:
1357:
1331:Ren Ci Community Hospital
1298:
1287:
1198:
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1155:Outram Community Hospital
1127:Sengkang General Hospital
1082:Tengah Community Hospital
1076:Jurong Community Hospital
1007:Yishun Community Hospital
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331:rushed into the hospital
243:On 14 February 1942, the
28:
1217:Mount Elizabeth Hospital
1133:Eastern General Hospital
689:p.32, Pui Huen Lim, Wong
665:"The Alexandra Massacre"
531:Not to be confused with
160:in February 1942 by the
154:British Far East Command
1310:Mount Alvernia Hospital
1112:Changi General Hospital
1059:Tengah General Hospital
1012:Woodlands Health Campus
975:Woodlands Health Campus
965:Khoo Teck Puat Hospital
71:1.286824°N 103.801232°E
1271:Thomson Medical Centre
970:Tan Tock Seng Hospital
850:Fernandez, George J.,
240:
1237:Raffles Medical Group
1227:Parkway East Hospital
831:The Fall of Singapore
438:Newarke Houses Museum
386:Walter Salmon of the
320:on 10 December 1941.
238:
105:Affiliated university
18:Hospital in Singapore
1266:Farrer Park Hospital
875:, 15, 1975: 150–290.
669:postcolonial web.org
502:Sir David Weatherall
396:East Surrey Regiment
76:1.286824; 103.801232
1212:Gleneagles Hospital
1026:National University
948:National Healthcare
753:Twigg, Reg (2014).
351:in other wards, an
308:, sunk by Japanese
67: /
1431:View Road Hospital
1426:Toa Payoh Hospital
1341:St Luke's Hospital
1043:Alexandra Hospital
840:, Allen Lane, 1977
586:Alexandra Hospital
464:Japanese surrender
458:Alexandra Hospital
426:Wiltshire Regiment
337:operating theatres
253:Pasir Panjang Road
241:
200:medical technology
193:Ministry of Health
148:) was the primary
146:Alexandra Hospital
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843:Thompson, Chuck,
780:Partridge, Jeff,
764:978-0-241-96511-5
726:Anckorn, Fergus.
663:Partridge, Jeff.
559:The Straits Times
514:Oxford University
343:250 patients and
312:off the coast of
247:advanced through
185:1965 independence
166:Fall of Singapore
150:military hospital
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98:Military hospital
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1245:Raffles Hospital
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506:Regius professor
477:Medical School.
411:Roberts Barracks
225:Second World War
221:Medical School.
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404:Changi POW camp
310:torpedo bombers
298:Prince of Wales
282:and carrying a
257:ammunition dump
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204:South East Asia
162:Japanese troops
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456:Main article:
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288:non-combatants
263:. The British
259:and Alexandra
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156:and site of a
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87:Organisation
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984:Psychiatric
738:13 November
734:. Forces TV
698:p.202, Owen
675:13 November
357:suffocation
349:brutalities
187:, with the
180:equipment.
164:during the
74: /
62:103°48′04″E
49:Coordinates
1450:Categories
1097:SingHealth
605:p.44, Khoo
591:8 February
520:References
494:transplant
462:After the
381:mass grave
284:white flag
275:wearing a
273:lieutenant
249:Kent Ridge
229:See also:
1363:Ancillary
1319:Community
1143:Community
1069:Community
1000:Community
925:Singapore
471:Singapore
442:Leicester
419:Forces TV
341:bayoneted
323:Japanese
303:HMS
296:HMS
277:Red Cross
173:Singapore
59:1°17′13″N
42:Singapore
33:Geography
373:Corporal
365:Privates
280:brassard
261:Barracks
158:massacre
152:for the
38:Location
1406:Defunct
1193:Private
775:Sources
732:YouTube
497:surgeon
400:orderly
392:canteen
369:Captain
353:officer
327:of the
314:Kuantan
305:Repulse
292:Force Z
208:patient
131:1940-07
129: (
116:History
1254:Others
937:Public
788:
761:
361:mortar
325:troops
318:Pahang
121:Opened
1303:Acute
1105:Acute
1036:Acute
958:Acute
950:Group
345:staff
333:wards
251:down
178:X-ray
144:(now
786:ISBN
759:ISBN
740:2017
677:2017
593:2022
377:shot
339:and
335:and
301:and
212:limb
140:The
93:Type
512:at
440:in
210:'s
1452::
730:.
667:.
610:^
584:.
557:.
504:,
448:.
444:,
316:,
214:.
168:.
914:e
907:t
900:v
767:.
742:.
679:.
595:.
133:)
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