1059:
to meet the refuelling pipes assigned at measured distances according to the length of the DMU and the refill nozzles. A Rail
Refuelling Flyte Coupler is used to connect the DMU to the fuel line. It is a screw in connection with a safety dry break mechanism to stop accidental leaks. The flow of fuel needs to high volume but low pressure to ensure the fuel does not overfill. Usually there is a float arm similar to a toilet cistern that cuts off the refuelling once a predefined level is reached, however if the pressure is too high, this can cause the train tank to overfill and leak fuel.
208:
360:
103:
488:
969:
678:
564:
22:
709:
298:, then suburban passenger cars and a parcels car. No 18 was designed to pull horse boxes and with electro-pneumatic multiple unit control, followed by twenty more to a similar design. The last four were built with only one driving compartment so as to operate in pairs with a trailer between them. As of 2012 a GWR diesel railcar is preserved in running order at the
340:, who inherited 37 diesel railcars. A 1952 report recommended lightweight diesel multiple unit trials, and a memo to the Board suggested diesel railcars could replace push-pull steam trains on 168 routes. After fuel rationing ended, the first order was placed in November 1952 for 21 x 2-car sets built at
2114:
1058:
Train manufacturer in the UK and other rail reliant countries that use DMU rail cars must be refuelled at depot stops with diesel. The refuelling process is usually carried out by a qualified operator with knowledge of rail refuelling. The train driver would usually level the train up to the platform
478:
had special restrictions due to tunnels on the line and special narrow stock was needed. The six car sets had two power cars, each having 500 horsepower (370 kW) diesel generator driving two standard
Southern Region 250 horsepower (190 kW) traction motors. Introduction had been planned for
483:
in London. When the full timetable started 12-car trains divided en route into non-stop and stopping portions. Elsewhere the standard loading gauge could be used and the trailer vehicles were similar to contemporary
Southern Region electric multiple units. Two car sets were built for local services
742:
and leased to the train operators; competitive tenders are invited from manufacturers for new trains. During the privatisation process, there was a gap of nearly three years during which no new rolling stock orders were placed. The first new order placed was in June 1996 for four
403:
coupling code covered 84 percent of the cars built, using a four-speed gearbox with gear selection controlled pneumatically. Engines could vary in power output from 150 to 230 hp (110 to 170 kW) and vacuum brakes were used. Internally the units could be classified as
2123:
533:
trains entered service in
October 1976, becoming the first 125 mph (201 km/h) diesel train service in the world. Initially the rolling stock was considered to be diesel-electric multiple units, with coaches sandwiched between two power cars.
516:
There was a desire in
British Railways for faster trains, but none of the main-line diesel locomotives could achieve anything faster than 100 mph (160 km/h). It had been calculated that 4,000 hp (3,000 kW) was needed, and after the
78:
permitting a top speed of 125 miles per hour (201 km/h). Initially this train was considered to be a diesel electric multiple unit, but for operational reasons the classification was changed and the power cars became identified as
509:, all first class with at seat service served from two kitchen cars. The two power cars had diesel engines connected to a 870 hp (650 kW) generators, both supplying four 199 hp (148 kW) traction motors. The
67:
for up to 4,600 diesel railcars. Most of these had a mechanical transmission, but the
Southern Region had experience of DC electric multiple units, and diesel electric multiple units were introduced.
271:, with two 125 hp (93 kW) motors driving the axles using a torque converter, controlled using an electro-pneumatic system. Seating 162 including 24 first-class it ran in service between
63:
built several single cars and multiple units in the 1930s, which lasted until the 1960s. A 1952 report recommended the trialling of lightweight diesel multiple units, followed by plans in the
3278:
3263:
3258:
3253:
541:
DMUs were introduced in 1981, based on the Mark 3 coach bodyshell with a diesel engine mounted at the end of one of the driving cars. It was not a success due to complexity and cost.
1874:
3273:
3268:
2172:
1300:
325:
was declared on 3 September 1939. After the war, the railways were in a poor financial state, with a maintenance backlog. Government control was relinquished when the
174:
for use on push-pull trains with a steam locomotive, as these were more reliable and were able to haul additional carriages or goods wagons. Between 1905 and 1911 the
392:
388:
1891:
3304:
2163:
1274:
55:
appeared in the mid-19th century, and at the start of the 20th century over 100 were built. Diesel motors became powerful enough for railway use after
1859:
185:
bought three types of steam railcars from
Sentinel-Cammell and Claytons. As of 2012 a reconstructed GWR 1908 steam railmotor is operational, based at
1817:
560:
with bus components mounted on a 4-wheeled high-speed freight underframe. Two car production units were introduced into
Britain from 1981 to 1987.
3309:
851:
74:
service was introduced using high-speed trainset consisting of coaches sandwiched between two power cars. This arrangement was later used for the
2199:
220:
2104:
2086:
2067:
1986:
290:
120 hp (89 kW) engine, seating 69 passengers. This was followed by three cars with two engines for a cross country service between
349:
291:
232:
44:
cars are marshalled together with a driving position either end. As of
December 2010, 23 percent of the rail passenger cars used on
3104:
2945:
2753:
467:
303:
3283:
2048:
2029:
2005:
1964:
1004:
790:
510:
484:
on unelectrified lines in
Hampshire, followed by three car sets, for which the generator was uprated to 600 horsepower (450 kW).
1248:
1124:
778:
252:
248:
182:
151:
227:
commissioned a 90 hp (67 kW) petrol-electric railcar, although this was converted into a driving trailer in 1924. After
2857:
2847:
2822:
2792:
2782:
2300:
2295:
2245:
2240:
723:
634:
589:
240:
224:
175:
1304:
1150:
638:
513:
units had two additional second class coaches. All cars were double glazed and air-conditioned, the first on British Railways.
295:
2194:
2156:
1752:
345:
1922:
207:
1878:
1846:
727:
480:
236:
159:
122:
built a number of steam railcars, vehicles with a steam engine for propulsion and passenger accommodation. These were the
40:
are trains, usually with passenger accommodation, that do not require a locomotive. Railcars can be single cars, while in
1842:
1047:
337:
307:
287:
216:
621:
was built for long distance routes with air conditioning and a quiet interior. Upgraded versions of the Class 158, the
936:
782:
522:
80:
505:
was a class of high-speed luxury diesel-electric multiple units introduced in 1960. Six coach sets were used on the
869:
376:
341:
268:
359:
2149:
630:
578:
276:
1700:
1020:
832:
810:
802:
256:
111:
2141:
1042:
for Great Western Railway, Northern and Transport for Wales Rail. Diesel-electric and diesel-battery-electric
3225:
2189:
1278:
948:
735:
471:
368:
155:
64:
439:
report recommending the closure of 5,000 miles (8,000 km) of mostly rural branch railways, led to the
102:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3084:
3079:
3072:
3067:
3062:
3052:
3047:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3019:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2994:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2897:
2892:
2887:
2882:
2877:
2872:
2867:
2862:
2852:
2842:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2787:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2679:
2674:
2643:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2390:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2325:
2320:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2235:
2204:
1908:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1024:
1016:
1008:
944:
940:
922:
899:
892:
861:
836:
824:
744:
716:
661:
649:
622:
618:
614:
610:
609:
were built in 1987–89 and most Class 155 units were split into two single car units in 1991–92, (becoming
606:
599:
592:
571:
538:
487:
455:
451:
447:
425:
417:
409:
272:
97:
26:
754:. These were a development of the Networker Turbo design already in use by Chiltern and other operators.
929:
847:
739:
585:
574:
506:
299:
186:
167:
163:
119:
60:
211:
One of the earlier, more-streamlined GWR diesel railcars, still in British Railways service in May 1956
3230:
1012:
952:
888:
865:
814:
758:
33:
521:
engine with an output of 2,250 hp (1,680 kW) became available, a prototype train with two
267:
with a 200 hp (150 kW) engine. In 1938 the LMS built a 3-car articulated multiple unit at
3220:
3170:
880:
843:
828:
713:
526:
244:
563:
239:
engine, similar to that used on the airship R101, placed in a power car that had been used on the
3235:
876:
326:
286:
Between 1933 and 1942 the GWR received 38 diesel power cars. The first stream-lined car used one
139:
529:
coaches was built. In 1973 this prototype achieved 143 mph (230 km/h), and production
1970:
823:
units were built in between 1999–2001. The family consists of the 100 mph (160 km/h)
3210:
2100:
2082:
2063:
2044:
2025:
2001:
1982:
906:
786:
751:
653:
645:
626:
333:
235:(LMS) commissioned a four-car diesel-electric multiple unit using a 500 hp (370 kW)
3190:
1956:
1696:
914:
794:
556:
series grew out of a single car prototype developed for export that used a body designed by
432:
260:
1726:
3175:
806:
762:
596:
493:
1252:
1128:
982:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
691:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
348:. More were to follow until this class numbered 66 motor cars and 55 trailers. In 1952,
259:
traction motors and could seat 60 passengers, able to pull trailers or run in multiple.
3195:
3185:
858:
820:
774:
766:
595:
with a high density layout, followed by the 150/2 that had gangways between units. The
557:
518:
178:(L&YR) purchased or built seventeen steam rail cars, some running into the 1940s.
3298:
3215:
3205:
3200:
3094:
3089:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2638:
1028:
884:
657:
603:
568:
553:
530:
475:
446:
As of 2012, about 250 vehicles survive in preservation, and various vehicles (mainly
440:
384:
380:
171:
75:
41:
1154:
375:, plans were made for up to 4,600 diesel railcars. The British Railway workshops at
2214:
2209:
910:
798:
502:
372:
329:
322:
280:
202:
198:
71:
45:
21:
1778:
Pritchard, Robert (March 2013). "Rolling stock developments since privatisation".
1756:
883:
were looking to replace a mixture of life expired loco-hauled trains and mid-life
708:
2013:
1930:
918:
770:
416:
with two doors per vehicle side, 3+2 bus style seating in second class, such as
228:
56:
734:
on 1 April 1994; afterwards passenger operations were franchised to individual
399:
received orders. Not all units could work in multiple with each other, but the
3180:
2219:
1000:
1923:"Flyte Coupler Bulk Diesel Transfer Coupler Fits Train Rail Refuelling hoses"
1485:
731:
353:
52:
383:
did not have the necessary capacity, so private carriage builders such as
1875:
Stadler and Bombardier to supply trains for Abellio East Anglia franchise
660:
routes out of London and was followed by the 90 mph (140 km/h)
408:
with doors for each seating bay and 3+2 seating in second class, such as
1860:
Bombardier and CAF to make 413 carriages for new West Midlands franchise
424:
with interiors to the same standard as locomotive hauled stock, such as
842:, (14 units), a 125 mph (201 km/h) high-speed unit built for
396:
37:
332:
most of the railways in the United Kingdom and control passed to the
243:'s electrified line from Bury to Holcombe Brook. In the early 1930s
479:
June 1957, but special services were run early following a fire at
738:
and the freight services sold outright. Rolling stock is owned by
707:
562:
486:
358:
321:
The railways were placed under Government control two days before
255:. These had a 250 hp (190 kW) Sulzer engine driving two
206:
143:
114:
in 1849. Note the raised buffers for use with other rolling stock.
101:
2181:
1619:
1617:
162:, although before entering passenger service it was lent to the
2145:
170:
as they called them), but from 1917 began converting them into
150:
in 1851. However, the next railcars were built in 1902 for the
962:
868:
services. The 51 strong fleet was built between 2005–2006 for
726:
was privatised in 1989, and between 1994 and 1997 the rest of
671:
166:(GWR). By 1908 the GWR had purchased or built 99 railcars (or
588:
was built in 1983, based on the Mark 3 bodyshell design. The
928:
non-tilt version. As at September 2020, all are operated by
231:
more powerful diesel engines were available and in 1928 the
2173:
Diesel and alternative fuel multiple units of Great Britain
1818:"Agility Trains signs Intercity Express Programme contract"
1733:. (originally published by Her Majesty's Stationery Office)
2060:
British Railways Pocket Books No.3: Diesel Multiple Units
1906:
Vivarail 230s for new West Mids franchise as 170s to go
1520:
1518:
1384:
1382:
648:
was built for Network SouthEast in the early 1990s. The
1050:
for Transport for Wales Rail and West Midlands Trains.
652:
is a two or three coach unit used on local services on
613:), a new compact cab being fitted to the inner ends by
730:. Ownership of the track and infrastructure passed to
466:
Diesel electric multiple units were introduced on the
1277:. Museum of the Great Western Railway. Archived from
3163:
3103:
2941:
2749:
2688:
2667:
2566:
2500:
2399:
2228:
2179:
761:was an evolution of the Class 168 and purchased by
2122:. Network Rail. September 2011. Archived from
1303:. Kent and East Sussex Railway. Archived from
2157:
2022:History of British Railway Carriages, 1900–53
1892:GWR to lease Class 769 Flex trimode trainsets
905:. As at September 2020, they are operated by
793:. As at September 2020, they are operated by
8:
1804:
1792:
1683:
1671:
1659:
1647:
1635:
1623:
443:and halted the manufacture of new vehicles.
3249:British railcars and diesel multiple units
2164:
2150:
2142:
1843:CAF presents first Civity EMU for Northern
1153:. Railmotor93. 29 May 2011. Archived from
189:and an GWR autotrailer is being restored.
1151:"GWR Steam Railmotor and Trailer Project"
1111:
1099:
1460:
879:family is a series of high speed DEMUs.
20:
1977:Brown, David; Jackson, Alan A. (1990).
1608:
1596:
1584:
1572:
1560:
1548:
1536:
1524:
1509:
1472:
1448:
1436:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1373:
1361:
1349:
1337:
1325:
1251:. Didcot Railway Centre. Archived from
1235:
1223:
1211:
1199:
1187:
1175:
1127:. Didcot Railway Centre. Archived from
1075:
1068:
2058:Pritchard, Robert; Fox, Peter (2008).
1087:
846:and as at September 2020, operated by
1486:"Preserved Vehicles listed by number"
233:London Midland & Scottish Railway
7:
2116:Network RUS: Passenger Rolling Stock
48:are part of a diesel multiple unit.
1998:Light Railways in England and Wales
470:, where there was experience of DC
352:made numerous 4-wheeled single car
304:Museum of the Great Western Railway
279:, but was withdrawn in 1940 due to
3305:British Rail diesel multiple units
3284:Rolling stock of Network SouthEast
247:built three railcars for the LMS,
183:London & North Western Railway
152:London & South Western Railway
14:
1961:The Reshaping of British Railways
1725:Her Majesty's Government (1903).
779:London Overground Rail Operations
437:The Reshaping of British Railways
306:and one is being restored at the
302:, one is a static exhibit at the
263:built a prototype railcar called
967:
724:British Rail Engineering Limited
676:
590:British Rail Engineering Limited
241:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
225:London and North Western Railway
215:An early petrol railcar was the
176:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway
2079:The British Railcar: AEC to HST
2000:. Manchester University Press.
1965:Her Majesty's Stationery Office
1275:"Locomotives and Rolling Stock"
458:) survive in departmental use.
110:built by William Adams for the
3310:Railcars of the United Kingdom
2016:. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
1973:. Retrieved 17 September 2012.
1912:issue 191 November 2017 page 8
1301:"No, 20 Great Western Railcar"
891:. The result was the non-tilt
462:Diesel electric multiple units
363:A Diesel Multiple Unit in 1983
1:
2062:(21st ed.). Platform 5.
1895:Railway Gazette International
1879:Railway Gazette International
1847:International Railway Journal
1753:"EWS Railway—Company History"
887:and have tilt for use on the
2097:150 years of British Railway
2012:Online preview available at
1048:London Underground D78 Stock
831:and currently operating for
664:for long distance services.
338:British Transport Commission
308:Kent and East Sussex Railway
217:1903 Petrol Electric Autocar
3279:Departmental multiple units
937:Intercity Express Programme
728:British Rail was privatised
3326:
3264:Miscellaneous locomotives
2041:HST: The Second Millennium
1979:Network Southeast Handbook
1003:DMUs have been ordered by
870:First TransPennine Express
196:
193:Petrol and Diesel railcars
181:After trials in 1924, the
95:
3244:
2200:Metro-Cammell Lightweight
2020:Jenkinson, David (1996).
1046:are being converted from
1038:are being converted from
976:This section needs to be
685:This section needs to be
631:West of England Main Line
1805:Pritchard & Fox 2008
1793:Pritchard & Fox 2008
1684:Pritchard & Fox 2008
1672:Brown & Jackson 1990
1660:Brown & Jackson 1990
1648:Pritchard & Fox 2008
1636:Pritchard & Fox 2008
1624:Pritchard & Fox 2008
1125:"Steam Railmotor No. 93"
1021:Transport for Wales Rail
833:Transport for Wales Rail
811:Transport for Wales Rail
803:Govia Thameslink Railway
736:private-sector operators
525:power cars and standard
344:, which became known as
112:Eastern Counties Railway
3274:Electric multiple units
2190:British United Traction
2039:Marsden, Colin (2010).
1490:preserved.railcar.co.uk
1249:"Diesel Railcar No. 22"
949:Great Western Main Line
947:entered service on the
472:electric multiple units
369:1955 Modernisation Plan
350:British United Traction
65:1955 Modernisation Plan
2077:Tufnell, R.M. (1984).
2024:. Atlantic Transport.
1996:Bosley, Peter (1990).
1025:Abellio Greater Anglia
827:(27 units), built for
719:
581:
498:
364:
212:
115:
98:British steam railcars
53:steam-powered railcars
30:
3269:Diesel multiple units
2081:. David and Charles.
1981:. Capital Transport.
1971:railwaysarchive.co.uk
1027:have ordered bi-mode
930:East Midlands Railway
848:East Midlands Railway
769:, Chiltern Railways,
711:
566:
507:London Midland Region
490:
362:
300:Didcot Railway Centre
221:North Eastern Railway
210:
187:Didcot Railway Centre
164:Great Western Railway
120:William Bridges Adams
105:
61:Great Western Railway
34:Diesel multiple units
24:
3259:Electric locomotives
1759:on 30 September 2006
1731:The Railways Archive
1013:West Midlands Trains
953:East Coast Main Line
889:West Coast Main Line
866:TransPennine Express
815:West Midlands Trains
759:Bombardier Turbostar
385:Metropolitan-Cammell
29:diesel multiple unit
1909:Today's Railways UK
1727:"Railways Act 1993"
1114:, pp. 441–442.
951:in 2017 and on the
881:Virgin CrossCountry
844:First Great Western
829:First North Western
722:Train manufacturer
714:First Great Western
245:Armstrong Whitworth
3254:Diesel locomotives
2501:Post-privatisation
2014:books.google.co.uk
1933:on 25 January 2018
1415:, pp. 38, 45.
1340:, p. 111-112.
1307:on 22 January 2012
1255:on 8 November 2012
1131:on 8 November 2012
877:Bombardier Voyager
720:
582:
499:
365:
346:Derby lightweights
327:Transport Act 1947
213:
154:for the line from
140:Kitson and Company
116:
31:
3292:
3291:
2400:Second generation
2195:Derby Lightweight
2129:on 9 January 2016
2106:978-0-600-37655-2
2099:. WHSmith. 1981.
2088:978-0-7153-8529-6
2069:978-1-902336-61-9
1988:978-1-85414-129-3
1957:Beeching, Richard
1795:, pp. 50–51.
1701:"BREL (1988) Ltd"
1674:, pp. 68–69.
1650:, pp. 27–28.
1626:, pp. 11–14.
1599:, pp. 91–92.
1587:, pp. 55–56.
1427:, pp. 30–32.
1376:, pp. 26–27.
1238:, pp. 19–20.
1202:, pp. 15–16.
997:
996:
907:Avanti West Coast
864:is in service on
787:South West Trains
752:Chiltern Railways
706:
705:
627:Network SouthEast
546:Second Generation
334:Railway Executive
3317:
2750:First generation
2668:Alternative fuel
2229:First generation
2166:
2159:
2152:
2143:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2121:
2110:
2092:
2073:
2054:
2035:
2011:
1992:
1968:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1929:. Archived from
1919:
1913:
1904:
1898:
1889:
1883:
1872:
1866:
1863:Global Rail News
1857:
1851:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1814:
1808:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1780:Today's Railways
1775:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1755:. Archived from
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1722:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1697:Michael Portillo
1693:
1687:
1681:
1675:
1669:
1663:
1657:
1651:
1645:
1639:
1633:
1627:
1621:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1540:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1482:
1476:
1470:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1446:
1440:
1439:, p. 30,32.
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1386:
1377:
1371:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1312:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1288:
1286:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1245:
1239:
1233:
1227:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1179:
1173:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:
1121:
1115:
1109:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1073:
992:
989:
983:
971:
970:
963:
915:Midland Mainline
900:Class 221 Super
795:Abellio ScotRail
701:
698:
692:
680:
679:
672:
433:Richard Beeching
373:British Railways
315:First generation
261:English Electric
253:Southern Railway
3325:
3324:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3295:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3240:
3164:Design families
3159:
3107:
3105:Southern Region
3099:
2943:
2942:Diesel-electric
2937:
2751:
2745:
2684:
2663:
2567:Diesel-electric
2562:
2496:
2395:
2224:
2175:
2170:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2119:
2113:
2107:
2095:
2089:
2076:
2070:
2057:
2051:
2038:
2032:
2019:
2008:
1995:
1989:
1976:
1955:
1952:
1947:
1946:
1936:
1934:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1905:
1901:
1890:
1886:
1873:
1869:
1865:17 October 2017
1858:
1854:
1850:31 January 2018
1841:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1822:Railway Gazette
1816:
1815:
1811:
1803:
1799:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1776:
1772:
1762:
1760:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1707:
1695:
1694:
1690:
1682:
1678:
1670:
1666:
1658:
1654:
1646:
1642:
1634:
1630:
1622:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1571:
1567:
1559:
1555:
1547:
1543:
1535:
1531:
1523:
1516:
1508:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1484:
1483:
1479:
1471:
1467:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1443:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1387:
1380:
1372:
1368:
1360:
1356:
1348:
1344:
1336:
1332:
1324:
1320:
1310:
1308:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1284:
1282:
1281:on 5 March 2012
1273:
1272:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1234:
1230:
1222:
1218:
1210:
1206:
1198:
1194:
1186:
1182:
1174:
1170:
1160:
1158:
1157:on 22 July 2012
1149:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1132:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1110:
1106:
1098:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1070:
1065:
1056:
993:
987:
984:
981:
972:
968:
961:
935:As part of the
807:Northern Trains
763:Anglia Railways
702:
696:
693:
690:
681:
677:
670:
646:Networker Turbo
639:London Waterloo
629:for use on the
625:were built for
550:
494:Midland Pullman
468:Southern Region
464:
367:As part of the
319:
205:
195:
118:From 1847–1849
100:
94:
89:
51:Some prototype
17:
12:
11:
5:
3323:
3321:
3313:
3312:
3307:
3297:
3296:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3286:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3266:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3245:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3171:Mark 3-derived
3167:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3132:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3111:
3109:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3050:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3022:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3010:
3005:
2997:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2972:
2971:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2951:
2949:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2759:
2757:
2747:
2746:
2744:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2682:
2677:
2671:
2669:
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2535:
2530:
2525:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2146:
2140:
2139:
2111:
2105:
2093:
2087:
2074:
2068:
2055:
2050:978-0711033894
2049:
2036:
2031:978-1899816033
2030:
2017:
2007:978-0719017582
2006:
1993:
1987:
1974:
1951:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1914:
1899:
1884:
1882:10 August 2016
1867:
1852:
1835:
1824:. 25 July 2012
1809:
1797:
1785:
1770:
1744:
1717:
1688:
1676:
1664:
1652:
1640:
1628:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1577:
1565:
1553:
1541:
1529:
1514:
1502:
1477:
1465:
1453:
1441:
1429:
1417:
1405:
1393:
1378:
1366:
1354:
1352:, p. 113.
1342:
1330:
1328:, p. 103.
1318:
1292:
1266:
1240:
1228:
1216:
1204:
1192:
1180:
1168:
1142:
1116:
1112:Jenkinson 1996
1104:
1102:, p. 257.
1100:Jenkinson 1996
1092:
1090:, p. 168.
1080:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1055:
1052:
1029:Stadler Flirts
995:
994:
975:
973:
966:
960:
957:
859:Siemens Desiro
821:Alstom Coradia
775:London Midland
767:Central Trains
704:
703:
684:
682:
675:
669:
666:
558:Leyland Motors
549:
543:
537:Two prototype
519:Paxman Valenta
511:Western Region
463:
460:
318:
312:
223:. In 1914 the
194:
191:
148:Ariel's Girdle
106:Steam railcar
96:Main article:
93:
92:Steam railcars
90:
88:
85:
42:multiple units
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3322:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3302:
3300:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3246:
3243:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3204:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3166:
3162:
3156:
3153:
3151:
3148:
3146:
3143:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3112:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2946:original TOPS
2940:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:original TOPS
2748:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2559:
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2167:
2162:
2160:
2155:
2153:
2148:
2147:
2144:
2125:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2102:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2071:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:. Ian Allan.
2042:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2009:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1972:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1903:
1900:
1897:20 April 2018
1896:
1893:
1888:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1864:
1861:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1839:
1836:
1823:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1807:, p. 52.
1806:
1801:
1798:
1794:
1789:
1786:
1781:
1774:
1771:
1758:
1754:
1748:
1745:
1732:
1728:
1721:
1718:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1692:
1689:
1686:, p. 42.
1685:
1680:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1665:
1662:, p. 58.
1661:
1656:
1653:
1649:
1644:
1641:
1638:, p. 30.
1637:
1632:
1629:
1625:
1620:
1618:
1614:
1611:, p. 92.
1610:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1575:, p. 10.
1574:
1569:
1566:
1563:, p. 66.
1562:
1557:
1554:
1551:, p. 58.
1550:
1545:
1542:
1539:, p. 54.
1538:
1533:
1530:
1527:, p. 50.
1526:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1512:, p. 49.
1511:
1506:
1503:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1478:
1475:, p. 34.
1474:
1469:
1466:
1463:, p. 97.
1462:
1461:Beeching 1963
1457:
1454:
1451:, p. 46.
1450:
1445:
1442:
1438:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1403:, p. 37.
1402:
1397:
1394:
1391:, p. 28.
1390:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1370:
1367:
1364:, p. 26.
1363:
1358:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1322:
1319:
1306:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1280:
1276:
1270:
1267:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1229:
1226:, p. 17.
1225:
1220:
1217:
1214:, p. 16.
1213:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1196:
1193:
1190:, p. 14.
1189:
1184:
1181:
1178:, p. 11.
1177:
1172:
1169:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1062:
1060:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
991:
979:
974:
965:
964:
958:
956:
954:
950:
946:
942:
938:
933:
931:
927:
926:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
903:
897:
896:
890:
886:
882:
878:
873:
871:
867:
863:
860:
855:
853:
852:Grand Central
849:
845:
841:
840:
834:
830:
826:
822:
818:
816:
812:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
748:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
718:
715:
710:
700:
688:
683:
674:
673:
668:Privatisation
667:
665:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
605:
604:Metro-Cammell
601:
598:
594:
591:
587:
580:
576:
573:
570:
569:Northern Rail
565:
561:
559:
555:
547:
544:
542:
540:
535:
532:
531:InterCity 125
528:
524:
520:
514:
512:
508:
504:
496:
495:
489:
485:
482:
481:Cannon Street
477:
476:Hastings line
473:
469:
461:
459:
457:
453:
449:
444:
442:
441:Beeching cuts
438:
434:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
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219:built by the
218:
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160:East Southsea
157:
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137:
133:
129:
125:
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113:
109:
104:
99:
91:
86:
84:
83:locomotives.
82:
77:
76:InterCity 125
73:
68:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
47:
43:
39:
35:
28:
23:
19:
3248:
3108:designations
2215:LMS railcars
2210:GWR railcars
2131:. Retrieved
2124:the original
2115:
2096:
2078:
2059:
2040:
2021:
1997:
1978:
1969:Archived at
1960:
1950:Bibliography
1935:. Retrieved
1931:the original
1926:
1917:
1907:
1902:
1894:
1887:
1877:
1870:
1862:
1855:
1845:
1838:
1826:. Retrieved
1821:
1812:
1800:
1788:
1779:
1773:
1761:. Retrieved
1757:the original
1747:
1735:. Retrieved
1730:
1720:
1708:. Retrieved
1704:
1691:
1679:
1667:
1655:
1643:
1631:
1609:Tufnell 1984
1604:
1597:Tufnell 1984
1592:
1585:Tufnell 1984
1580:
1573:Marsden 2010
1568:
1561:Tufnell 1984
1556:
1549:Tufnell 1984
1544:
1537:Tufnell 1984
1532:
1525:Tufnell 1984
1510:Tufnell 1984
1505:
1495:17 September
1493:. Retrieved
1489:
1480:
1473:Tufnell 1984
1468:
1456:
1449:Tufnell 1984
1444:
1437:Tufnell 1984
1432:
1425:Tufnell 1984
1420:
1413:Tufnell 1984
1408:
1401:Tufnell 1984
1396:
1389:Tufnell 1984
1374:Tufnell 1984
1369:
1362:Tufnell 1984
1357:
1350:WHSmith 1981
1345:
1338:WHSmith 1981
1333:
1326:WHSmith 1981
1321:
1311:17 September
1309:. Retrieved
1305:the original
1295:
1285:17 September
1283:. Retrieved
1279:the original
1269:
1259:17 September
1257:. Retrieved
1253:the original
1243:
1236:Tufnell 1984
1231:
1224:Tufnell 1984
1219:
1212:Tufnell 1984
1207:
1200:Tufnell 1984
1195:
1188:Tufnell 1984
1183:
1176:Tufnell 1984
1171:
1161:17 September
1159:. Retrieved
1155:the original
1145:
1135:17 September
1133:. Retrieved
1129:the original
1119:
1107:
1095:
1083:
1078:, p. 7.
1076:Tufnell 1984
1071:
1057:
1033:
998:
985:
977:
934:
924:
921:ordered the
911:CrossCountry
901:
898:and tilting
894:
874:
856:
838:
819:
799:CrossCountry
756:
746:
721:
694:
686:
643:
584:A prototype
583:
551:
545:
536:
515:
503:Blue Pullman
500:
492:
465:
445:
436:
430:
421:
413:
405:
400:
366:
330:nationalised
320:
314:
285:
281:World War II
264:
214:
203:LMS railcars
199:GWR railcars
180:
147:
135:
131:
127:
123:
117:
107:
72:Blue Pullman
70:In 1960 the
69:
50:
46:Network Rail
32:
18:
16:Network Rail
1763:26 November
1737:26 November
1088:Bosley 1990
919:Hull Trains
771:Hull Trains
414:low density
401:blue square
342:Derby Works
229:World War I
172:autocoaches
128:Lilliputian
57:World War I
3299:Categories
2220:Pacerailer
1937:25 January
1927:IFC Inflow
1782:(135): 33.
1063:References
1054:Refuelling
1044:Class 230s
1040:Class 319s
1036:Class 769s
1001:CAF Civity
923:Class 222
893:Class 220
837:Class 180
745:Class 168
393:Birmingham
389:Gloucester
292:Birmingham
197:See also:
168:railmotors
59:, and the
3231:Turbostar
3211:Networker
1017:Class 196
1009:Class 195
955:in 2019.
941:Class 800
862:Class 185
825:Class 175
750:DMUs for
732:Railtrack
717:Class 180
662:Class 166
650:Class 165
623:Class 159
619:Class 158
611:Class 153
607:Class 156
600:Class 155
593:Class 150
579:Knutsford
572:Class 150
539:Class 210
431:In 1963,
426:Class 124
422:Intercity
418:Class 114
410:Class 118
354:railbuses
277:Cambridge
237:Beardmore
132:Fairfield
27:Class 158
3226:Sprinter
2538:180 (II)
1959:(1963).
1828:5 August
1699:(1989).
1034:Bi-mode
1005:Northern
988:May 2023
939:bi-mode
925:Meridian
839:Adelante
791:Southern
783:ScotRail
697:May 2023
654:Chiltern
633:between
586:Sprinter
575:Sprinter
567:A 1980s
523:Class 41
406:suburban
265:Bluebird
81:Class 43
38:railcars
3236:Voyager
3191:D-Train
3186:Coradia
3176:A-Train
2689:Bi-mode
2205:Railbus
2133:20 July
1710:31 July
1705:Hansand
999:Diesel
978:updated
902:Voyager
895:Voyager
747:Clubman
687:updated
615:Hunslet
597:Leyland
497:in 1960
397:Cravens
381:Swindon
336:of the
296:Cardiff
156:Fratton
136:Enfield
124:Express
108:Enfield
87:Origins
3196:Desiro
3181:Civity
2103:
2085:
2066:
2047:
2028:
2004:
1985:
1019:) and
959:Future
740:ROSCOs
658:Thames
635:Exeter
617:. The
527:Mark 3
474:. The
273:Oxford
146:built
3216:Pacer
3201:FLIRT
2127:(PDF)
2120:(PDF)
554:Pacer
377:Derby
269:Derby
144:Leeds
3059:223
3044:222
3024:221
2999:211
2974:202
2954:201
2182:TOPS
2180:Pre-
2135:2012
2101:ISBN
2083:ISBN
2064:ISBN
2045:ISBN
2026:ISBN
2002:ISBN
1983:ISBN
1939:2018
1830:2012
1765:2006
1739:2006
1712:2012
1497:2012
1313:2012
1287:2012
1261:2012
1163:2012
1137:2012
945:802s
943:and
917:and
909:and
885:HSTs
875:The
857:The
850:and
835:and
813:and
789:and
757:The
656:and
644:The
637:and
602:and
552:The
548:DMUs
501:The
456:122s
450:and
448:101s
420:and
395:and
379:and
317:DMUs
294:and
275:and
251:and
249:LNER
201:and
134:and
36:and
3221:PPM
3206:HST
3095:261
3090:251
3085:225
3080:224
3020:212
2995:203
2933:190
2928:189
2923:188
2918:186
2913:185
2908:183
2903:182
2898:180
2893:179
2888:178
2883:177
2878:176
2873:175
2868:173
2863:172
2858:171
2853:169
2848:168
2843:167
2838:166
2833:164
2828:163
2823:162
2818:161
2813:160
2808:150
2803:149
2798:148
2793:147
2788:145
2783:144
2778:143
2773:142
2768:141
2763:140
2741:897
2736:810
2731:805
2726:802
2721:800
2716:799
2711:769
2706:768
2701:756
2696:755
2680:614
2675:600
2659:255
2654:254
2649:253
2644:252
2639:251
2634:231
2629:230
2624:222
2619:221
2614:220
2609:210
2604:207
2599:206
2594:205
2589:204
2584:203
2579:202
2574:201
2558:197
2553:196
2548:195
2543:185
2533:175
2528:172
2523:171
2518:170
2513:168
2508:139
2492:950
2487:166
2482:165
2477:159
2472:158
2467:157
2462:156
2457:155
2452:154
2447:153
2442:152
2437:151
2432:150
2427:144
2422:143
2417:142
2412:141
2407:140
2391:131
2386:130
2381:129
2376:128
2371:127
2366:126
2361:125
2356:124
2351:123
2346:122
2341:121
2336:120
2331:119
2326:118
2321:117
2316:116
2311:115
2306:114
2301:113
2296:112
2291:111
2286:110
2281:109
2276:108
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2261:105
2256:104
2251:103
2246:102
2241:101
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1011:),
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452:121
435:'s
371:of
323:war
288:AEC
257:GEC
158:to
142:of
126:or
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3155:6S
3150:6L
3145:6B
3140:4L
3135:3T
3130:3R
3125:3H
3120:3D
3115:2H
3073:/3
3068:/2
3063:/1
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3048:/1
3038:/3
3033:/2
3028:/1
3013:/3
3008:/2
3003:/1
2988:/3
2983:/2
2978:/1
2968:/3
2963:/2
2958:/1
1963:.
1925:.
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1832:.
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