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Bromide

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and as bromide salt, is used in veterinary medicine in the US. The kidneys excrete bromide ions. The half-life of bromide in the human body (12 days) is long compared with many pharmaceuticals, making dosing challenging to adjust. (A new dose may require several months to reach equilibrium.) Bromide
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Since bromide is still used in veterinary medicine in the United States, veterinary diagnostic labs can routinely measure blood bromide levels. However, this is not a conventional test in human medicine in the US since there are no FDA-approved uses for the bromide. Therapeutic bromide levels are
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Magazinovic, R. S., B. C. Nicholson, D. E. Mulcahy, and D. E. Davey (2004), Bromide levels in natural waters: its relationship to levels of both chloride and total dissolved solids and the implications for water treatment, Chemosphere, 57(4), 329–335,
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Suzuki, A., Lim, L., Hiroi, T., & Takeuchi, T. (2006, March 20). Rapid determination of bromide in seawater samples by capillary ion chromatography using monolithic silica columns modified with cetyltrimethylammonium
567:. Most bromides are colorless. Bromides have many practical roles, being found in anticonvulsants, flame-retardant materials, and cell stains. Although uncommon, chronic toxicity from bromide can result in 3430: 727:
Balard and Löwig's method can be used to extract bromine from seawater and certain brines. For samples testing for sufficient bromide concentration, addition of chlorine produces bromine (Br
603:—natural, crystalline silver bromide—is the most common bromide mineral known but is still very rare. In addition to silver, bromine is also in minerals combined with mercury and copper. 6066: 431: 624:, and many other metals dissolve in water (and even some alcohols and a few ethers) to give bromide ions. The classic case is sodium bromide, which fully dissociates in water: 3112: 525: 6031: 3585: 3423: 1510: 1145:
Stemmler, I., I. Hense, and B. Quack (2015), Marine sources of bromoform in the global open ocean – global patterns and emissions, Biogeosciences, 12(6), 1967–1981,
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beginning in the early 1900s. However, it fell into disfavour in the 1940s due to the rising popularity of safer and more efficient sedatives (specifically,
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Pilinis, C., D. B. King, and E. S. Saltzman (1996), The oceans: A source or a sink of methyl bromide?, Geophysical Research Letters, 23(8), 817–820,
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Foti, S. C., and Naval Ordnance Lab White Oak Md (1972), Concentration of Bromide Ions in Seawater by Isotopic Exchange with Mercurous Bromide, DTIC.
5779: 1350:"Bromide levels in natural waters: its relationship to levels of both chloride and total dissolved solids and the implications for water treatment" 3105: 1430: 902:, were frequently used as sedatives in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Their use in over-the-counter sedatives and headache remedies (such as 994:
are generated by this process. Notable examples are bromoform, thousands of tons of which are produced annually in this way. The historical dye
760: 1209: 399: 1385: 889:. While conducting this research she discovered that bromide caused symptoms of mental illness, leading to a major reduction in its usage. 1183: 1006:
In one specialized report, bromide is an essential cofactor in the peroxidising catalysis of sulfonimine crosslinks in collagen IV. This
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Shannon, R. D. (1976). "Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides".
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Gribble, G. W. (2000), The natural production of organobromine compounds, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 7(1), 37–49,
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Anbar, A. D., Y. L. Yung, and F. P. Chavez (1996), Methyl bromide: Ocean sources, ocean sinks, and climate sensitivity, AGU Journals.
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and varies with age and gender. Much higher levels may indicate exposure to brominated chemicals. It is also found in seafood.
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Glasow, R. von, and C. Hughes (2014), Biogeochemical Cycles: Bromine, Encyclopedia of Atmospheric Sciences (Second Edition).
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Emerson, S., and J. Hedges (2011), Chemical Oceanography and the Marine Carbon Cycle, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
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McCall, A. Scott; Cummings, Christopher F.; Bhave, Gautam; Vanacore, Roberto; Page-McCaw, Andrea; Hudson, Billy G. (2014).
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Steele, J. H., S. A. Thorpe, and K. K. Turekian (2001), Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Academic Press, San Diego.
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Steele, J. H., S. A. Thorpe, and K. K. Turekian (2009), Encyclopedia of Ocean Sciences, Academic Press, Boston.
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are about 30% of those in blood and are strongly influenced by the body's chloride intake and metabolism.
813: 752: 375: 4731: 4716: 640:. The process is often described simplistically as involving formation of the hydronium salt of bromide: 5970: 5648: 4701: 4696: 4691: 3336: 3018: 3002: 2949: 2929: 2866: 2851: 2821: 2703: 2545: 2423: 2354: 2294: 2179: 2164: 2149: 2134: 2127: 2041: 2021: 1995: 1021: 180: 76: 4736: 4378: 1426: 975:
Bromide is rarely mentioned in the biochemical context. Some enzymes use bromide as substrate or as a
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enzymes use bromide (typically in seawater) to generate electrophilic brominating agents. Hundreds of
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mentions a soldier being given bromide as a sedative for nervous exhaustion and overwork in his play
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Leri A. (2012), The Chemistry of Bromine in Terrestrial and Marine Environments, Science Highlight.
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Japan's Comfort Women: Sexual slavery and prostitution during World War II and the US Occupation
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Riley, J. P., G. Skirrow, and R. Chester (1975), Chemical Oceanography, Academic Press, London
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Mayeno, Arthur N.; Curran, A. Jane; Roberts, Robert L.; Foote, Christopher S. (1989-04-05).
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Gribble, Gordon W. (1999). "The diversity of naturally occurring organobromine compounds".
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Magazinovic, Rodney S.; Nicholson, Brenton C.; Mulcahy, Dennis E.; Davey, David E. (2004).
906:) in the United States extended to 1975 when bromides were withdrawn as ingredients due to 277: 104: 6051: 5966: 5831: 5815: 5803: 5757: 5708: 5523: 5498: 5493: 5307: 5040: 4893: 3695: 3690: 3552: 3485: 2644: 2529: 2519: 2463: 2456: 2436: 2101: 1954: 1910: 1875: 1514: 987: 874: 840: 775: 212: 1451: 636:, takes on salt-like properties upon contact with water to give an ionic solution called 200: 1552: 1365: 1287: 1242: 755:, which themselves are rather specialized. Organobromine compounds are commonly used as 160: 5978: 5807: 5716: 5583: 5578: 5002: 3890: 3795: 3670: 3635: 3630: 3516: 3481: 3124: 2726: 2534: 2431: 2008: 1895: 1703: 1678: 809: 779: 564: 503: 357: 1744: 1727: 1373: 1128: 6045: 5974: 5937: 5811: 5737: 5732: 5722: 5658: 5598: 5528: 5373: 5330: 4536: 4501: 4476: 4288: 4148: 4128: 4123: 4113: 4108: 4008: 3898: 3840: 3835: 3820: 3800: 3790: 3770: 3760: 3750: 3715: 3685: 3675: 3620: 3544: 3491: 3476: 3408: 3121: 1922: 995: 951: 903: 689:". The hydrolysis of bromine is more favorable in the presence of base, for example 686: 599:. Seafood and deep sea plants generally have higher levels than land-derived foods. 595:) with a concentration of around 65 mg/L, which is about 0.2% of all dissolved 5846: 5588: 5538: 5508: 5453: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5391: 5386: 5315: 4973: 4938: 4933: 4903: 4852: 4779: 4471: 4461: 4233: 4228: 4218: 4213: 4143: 3968: 3958: 3850: 3810: 3775: 3755: 3740: 3725: 3660: 3655: 3640: 3610: 3605: 3590: 3536: 3526: 3305: 3200: 2237: 922: 848: 617: 600: 576: 442: 437: 1067:
Newton D. E. (2010), Bromine (Revised), Chemical Elements: From Carbon to Krypton.
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Knight, J., and N. Schlager (2002), Real-life chemistry, Gale Group, Detroit, MI.
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The average concentration of bromide in human blood in Queensland, Australia, is
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Chemistry of the Elements, N. N. Greenwood, A. Earnshaw, Elsevier, 2012, pp 789
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Millero, F. J. (2013), Chemical oceanography, Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton.
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Wisniak, J. (2002), The history of bromine from discovery to commodity, NOPR.
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One can test for a bromide ion by adding an oxidizer. One method uses dilute
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occurs in all animals and bromine is an essential trace element for humans.
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Goodman, L. S.; Gilman, A., eds. (1970). "10. Hypnotics and Sedatives".
1484:"A Guide to Fiber-Base Gelatin Silver Print Condition and Deterioration" 1405:
Michael J. Dagani, Henry J. Barda, Theodore J. Benya, David C. Sanders:
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Christe, K., and S. Schneider (2020), Bromine, Encyclopædia Britannica.
964: 933: 851:) and when some heart patients died after using a salt substitute (see 568: 560: 556: 244: 1139: 5888: 5851: 5473: 5426: 5297: 5279: 5239: 4923: 4721: 3389: 3358: 3161: 1663: 706: 493: 171: 1489:. George Eastman House, International Museum of Photography and Film 661:
Bromine readily reacts with water, i.e. it undergoes hydrolysis:
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
1024:, an enzyme that can use chloride but preferentially uses bromide. 709:, where chlorine is dissolved in the presence of sodium hydroxide. 232: 5249: 3315: 921:, British soldiers were given bromide to curb their sexual urges. 823: 151: 127: 117: 967:, where bromide is still used therapeutically in human epilepsy. 763:
to both humans and the environment and were suspected of causing
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Olszowy, HA; Rossiter, J; Hegarty, J; Geoghegan, P (1998).
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Many metal bromides are produced commercially, including
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Watkins, T. (2011), Bromine, Environmental Encyclopedia.
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while working at the Royal Park Psychiatric Hospital in
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Bromide's main commercial value is its use in producing
520: 1182:. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 759:. Some brominated flame retardants were identified as 5667: 5435: 5372: 5339: 5306: 5278: 4992: 4813: 4770: 4681: 4653: 4565: 4447: 3889: 3576: 3452: 3353: 3300: 3247: 3199: 3151: 3131: 1016:need bromide for fighting multicellular parasites. 1073:Ross, R. (2017), Facts About Bromine, LiveScience. 5991:Unsorted benzodiazepine site positive modulators: 1620:Lord Dunsany (August 1919). "Fame and the Poet". 1452:"Brominated Flame Retardants in the Environment" 705:This reaction is analogous to the production of 256: 1639:(4th ed.). London: Macmillan. p. 121. 1097:Peer-reviewed journal articles for bromide (Br) 1087:Peer-reviewed journal articles for bromine (Br) 103: 812:is used for the largely obsolete photographic 6067:GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators 3424: 3106: 1828: 1777:"Background levels of bromide in human blood" 8: 1557:. Press of the American Medical Association. 1176:"Bromide – PubChem Public Chemical Database" 1034: 998:is produced by similar enzymatic reactions. 831:reactions to bromide, all except lower right 3440: 3431: 3417: 3409: 3113: 3099: 3091: 1835: 1821: 1813: 1457:. Columbia Environmental Research Center. 199: 36: 1792: 1743: 1702: 1250: 276: 2341: 685:(HBr in water). The solution is called " 1843:Salts and covalent derivatives of the 1310:"Mindat.org - Mines, Minerals and More" 1167: 321: 296: 1865: 761:persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic 2786: 1580:from the original on 24 December 2016 303:Key: CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 179: 159: 7: 6032:GABA metabolism/transport modulators 1855: 1637:The Biological Basis of Therapeutics 1195: 1193: 963:measured in European countries like 441: 5649:Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform) 247: 231: 4712:11-Methoxy-12-hydroxydehydrokavain 1204:(6th ed.). Houghton Mifflin. 607:Formation and reactions of bromide 25: 5459:Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate 1374:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.056 1320:from the original on 2 March 2001 1129:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.04.056 877:was researching safe ways to use 870:From 1954 - 1977, the Australian 863:, it was used as a treatment for 1781:Journal of Analytical Toxicology 1186:from the original on 2012-11-03. 551:is the negatively charged form ( 510: 5879:Menthyl isovalerate (validolum) 1732:Journal of Biological Chemistry 1464:from the original on 2016-05-08 1433:from the original on 2015-09-01 1388:from the original on 2021-05-25 1047:Encyclopedia articles and books 1008:post-translational modification 506:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa). 352:79.904 g·mol 4828:Allopregnanolone (brexanolone) 1551:Adams, Samuel Hopkins (1905). 898:Bromide compounds, especially 587:Bromide is present in typical 1: 6024:Receptor/signaling modulators 4580:Ampelopsin (dihydromyricetin) 1745:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)83599-2 917:It has been said that during 820:Medicinal and veterinary uses 739:+ 2 Br → 2 Cl + Br 632:Hydrogen bromide, which is a 612:Dissociation of bromide salts 5774:ergoloid (dihydroergotoxine) 4859:anabolic-androgenic steroids 3641:Butabarbital/Secbutabarbital 3446:receptor positive modulators 4414:Triflunordazepam (Ro5-2904) 1570:"the definition of bromide" 1528:"Papers of Shirley Andrews" 1200:Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). 757:brominated flame retardants 43: 6083: 4742:5,6,7,8-Tetrahydroyangonin 2788: 1695:10.1016/j.cell.2014.05.009 955:ion concentrations in the 932:Bromide salts are used in 891: 883:manic depressive illnesses 29: 6017: 4934:Pregnanolone (eltanolone) 3477:Chlorobutanol (cloretone) 1867: 1852: 1296:10.1107/s0567739476001551 575:. The bromide ion has an 500: 470: 450: 424: 368: 329: 312: 287: 87: 75: 70: 42: 6028:GABA receptor modulators 5938:sulfonmethane (sulfonal) 1652:Chemical Society Reviews 1554:The Great American fraud 1415:10.1002/14356007.a04_405 1276:Acta Crystallographica A 32:Bromide (disambiguation) 27:Chemical compound or ion 1482:Weaver, Gawain (2008). 1151:10.5194/bg-12-1967-2015 992:organobromine compounds 836:Folk and passé medicine 765:neurobehavioral effects 753:organobromine compounds 5914:Retigabine (ezogabine) 5190:Lirequinil (Ro41-3696) 4757:7,8-Dihydromethysticin 4747:5,6-Dehydromethysticin 3626:Benzylbutylbarbiturate 1225:Rattley, Matt (2012). 1114:10.1065/espr199910.002 832: 814:gelatin silver process 701:+ NaOH → NaOBr + NaBr 61: 52: 1602:, Routledge, p. 175. 1022:eosinophil peroxidase 892:Further information: 881:for the treatment of 827: 657:Hydrolysis of bromine 622:alkaline earth metals 77:Systematic IUPAC name 60: 51: 5969:constituents (e.g., 5753:Deuterated etifoxine 4815:Neuroactive steroids 4785:Apronal (apronalide) 4637:constituents (e.g., 4254:N-Desalkylflurazepam 1794:10.1093/jat/22.3.225 1622:The Atlantic Monthly 1598:Tanaka, Yuki (2002) 769:endocrine disruption 713:Oxidation of bromide 461:Biological half-life 300:InChI=1S/BrH/h1H/p-1 30:For other uses, see 5762:dihydroergocryptine 5074:Pyrazolopyrimidines 4732:5,6-Dihydroyangonin 4717:7,8-Dihydroyangonin 3904:3-Hydroxyphenazepam 3746:Methylphenobarbital 1366:2004Chmsp..57..329M 1288:1976AcCrA..32..751S 1243:2012NatCh...4..512R 1227:"Ambiguous bromine" 1202:Chemical Principles 1180:The PubChem Project 957:cerebrospinal fluid 950:The bromide ion is 940:agents to generate 141:Beilstein Reference 39: 5856:4-O-methylhonokiol 5519:Dichloralphenazone 5417:Methylmethaqualone 4994:Nonbenzodiazepines 4707:Desmethoxyyangonin 4702:11-Hydroxyyangonin 4697:11-Methoxyyangonin 4692:10-Methoxyyangonin 4079:Ethyl carfluzepate 3681:Cyclopentobarbital 1513:2022-02-24 at the 1252:10.1038/nchem.1361 833: 628:NaBr → Na + Br 583:Natural occurrence 559:, a member of the 533:Infobox references 471:Related compounds 62: 53: 37: 6039: 6038: 5999:MRK-409 (MK-0343) 5770:dihydroergotamine 5713:potassium bromide 5707:compounds (e.g., 5654:Trichloroethylene 5422:Nitromethaqualone 5341:Pyrazolopyridines 4843:3α-Androstanediol 4737:7,8-Dihydrokavain 4089:Ethyl loflazepate 3866:Thiotetrabarbital 3482:Ethanol (alcohol) 3406: 3405: 3088: 3087: 3082: 3081: 1738:(10): 5660–5668. 1407:Bromine Compounds 1211:978-0-618-94690-7 1140:10.1029/96gl00424 927:Fame and the Poet 900:potassium bromide 894:Potassium bromide 857:lithium carbonate 634:diatomic molecule 616:Bromide salts of 573:potassium bromide 555:) of the element 541:Chemical compound 539: 538: 420:−121 kJ·mol 129:Interactive image 66: 65: 16:(Redirected from 6074: 5758:Dihydroergolines 5675:3-Hydroxybutanal 5308:Piperidinediones 5041:Imidazopyridines 4575:6-Methylapigenin 4507:Hydroxyphenamate 4379:SH-053-R-CH3-2′F 4084:Ethyl dirazepate 3964:Chlordiazepoxide 3856:Thiobutabarbital 3568:Trifluoroethanol 3558:Trichloroethanol 3548:-Pentanol (2M2B) 3442: 3433: 3426: 3419: 3410: 3399: 3392: 3385: 3378: 3371: 3346: 3339: 3332: 3325: 3318: 3293: 3286: 3279: 3272: 3265: 3240: 3233: 3226: 3219: 3212: 3192: 3185: 3178: 3171: 3164: 3144: 3115: 3108: 3101: 3092: 2625: 2624: 2623: 2344: 1856: 1837: 1830: 1823: 1814: 1807: 1806: 1796: 1772: 1766: 1765: 1747: 1723: 1717: 1716: 1706: 1689:(6): 1380–1392. 1674: 1668: 1667: 1664:10.1039/a900201d 1647: 1641: 1640: 1632: 1626: 1625: 1617: 1611: 1596: 1590: 1589: 1587: 1585: 1566: 1560: 1558: 1548: 1542: 1541: 1539: 1538: 1524: 1518: 1508:Bipolar disorder 1505: 1499: 1498: 1496: 1494: 1488: 1479: 1473: 1472: 1470: 1469: 1463: 1456: 1448: 1442: 1441: 1439: 1438: 1423: 1417: 1403: 1397: 1396: 1394: 1393: 1345: 1339: 1336: 1330: 1329: 1327: 1325: 1306: 1300: 1299: 1271: 1265: 1264: 1254: 1231:Nature Chemistry 1222: 1216: 1215: 1197: 1188: 1187: 1172: 1037: 1036: 1032: 1020:is produced via 908:chronic toxicity 865:bipolar disorder 861:lithium chloride 853:lithium chloride 691:sodium hydroxide 683:hydrobromic acid 679:hypobromous acid 638:hydrobromic acid 579:of 196 pm. 523: 517: 514: 513: 452:Pharmacokinetics 445: 416: 393:82 J·mol·K 389: 369:Thermochemistry 363:Hydrogen bromide 337:Chemical formula 280: 260: 249: 235: 213:Gmelin Reference 203: 183: 163: 131: 107: 44: 40: 21: 6082: 6081: 6077: 6076: 6075: 6073: 6072: 6071: 6042: 6041: 6040: 6035: 6013: 5971:isovaleric acid 5934:Sulfonylalkanes 5832:Hopantenic acid 5816:tolfenamic acid 5804:flufenamic acid 5766:dihydroergosine 5709:lithium bromide 5668:Others/unsorted 5663: 5524:Dichloromethane 5499:Chloral hydrate 5494:Chloral betaine 5431: 5368: 5335: 5302: 5274: 5003:Cyclopyrrolones 4988: 4894:Etiocholanolone 4809: 4766: 4727:5-Hydroxykavain 4677: 4649: 4561: 4443: 3891:Benzodiazepines 3885: 3696:Ethallobarbital 3691:Enallylpropymal 3572: 3553:Tribromoethanol 3540:-Butanol (2M2P) 3486:alcoholic drink 3448: 3445: 3437: 3407: 3402: 3395: 3388: 3381: 3374: 3367: 3349: 3342: 3335: 3328: 3321: 3314: 3296: 3289: 3282: 3275: 3268: 3261: 3243: 3236: 3229: 3222: 3215: 3208: 3195: 3188: 3181: 3174: 3167: 3160: 3147: 3140: 3127: 3122:Monatomic anion 3119: 3089: 3084: 3083: 3068: 3063: 3061: 3053: 3045: 3037: 3029: 3024: 3022: 3014: 3006: 3001: 2999: 2991: 2986: 2984: 2976: 2971: 2969: 2961: 2953: 2940: 2935: 2933: 2925: 2920: 2918: 2910: 2902: 2894: 2886: 2878: 2870: 2865: 2863: 2855: 2850: 2848: 2840: 2832: 2827: 2825: 2817: 2809: 2801: 2730: 2707: 2702: 2700: 2692: 2684: 2671: 2666: 2664: 2660: 2652: 2647: 2640: 2635: 2633: 2622: 2619: 2618: 2617: 2615: 2613: 2611: 2603: 2598: 2596: 2588: 2580: 2575: 2573: 2565: 2557: 2549: 2538: 2523: 2515: 2510: 2501: 2499: 2494: 2491: 2481: 2477: 2475: 2467: 2462: 2460: 2452: 2447: 2440: 2427: 2419: 2411: 2403: 2398: 2396: 2388: 2383: 2381: 2376: 2374: 2366: 2358: 2353: 2351: 2346: 2343: 2339: 2334: 2324: 2306: 2298: 2293: 2291: 2283: 2278: 2274: 2272: 2264: 2259: 2257: 2249: 2241: 2233: 2228: 2221: 2216: 2214: 2206: 2198: 2193: 2191: 2183: 2175: 2170: 2168: 2163: 2161: 2153: 2148: 2146: 2138: 2133: 2131: 2126: 2124: 2116: 2107: 2105: 2082: 2077: 2075: 2071: 2061: 2059: 2054: 2052: 2047: 2045: 2037: 2029: 2024: 2017: 1999: 1994: 1992: 1987: 1980: 1976: 1971: 1969: 1965: 1960: 1958: 1953: 1950: 1940: 1936: 1933: 1928: 1926: 1921: 1919: 1909: 1907: 1899: 1894: 1892: 1884: 1848: 1841: 1811: 1810: 1774: 1773: 1769: 1725: 1724: 1720: 1676: 1675: 1671: 1649: 1648: 1644: 1634: 1633: 1629: 1619: 1618: 1614: 1597: 1593: 1583: 1581: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1550: 1549: 1545: 1536: 1534: 1526: 1525: 1521: 1515:Wayback Machine 1506: 1502: 1492: 1490: 1486: 1481: 1480: 1476: 1467: 1465: 1461: 1454: 1450: 1449: 1445: 1436: 1434: 1425: 1424: 1420: 1404: 1400: 1391: 1389: 1347: 1346: 1342: 1337: 1333: 1323: 1321: 1308: 1307: 1303: 1273: 1272: 1268: 1224: 1223: 1219: 1212: 1199: 1198: 1191: 1174: 1173: 1169: 1164: 1099: 1089: 1049: 1044: 1042:Further reading 1030: 1028: 1004: 988:Bromoperoxidase 985: 973: 896: 875:Shirley Andrews 841:Lithium bromide 838: 822: 806: 799: 787: 749: 742: 738: 730: 722: 715: 700: 672: 668: 659: 651: 647: 614: 609: 585: 542: 535: 530: 529: 528:  ?) 519: 515: 511: 507: 492: 487: 481: 463: 434: 417: 414: 408: 404: 401: 400:Std enthalpy of 390: 387: 380: 377: 339: 325: 320: 319: 308: 305: 304: 301: 295: 294: 283: 263: 250: 238: 215: 206: 186: 166: 143: 134: 121: 110: 97: 83: 82: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6080: 6078: 6070: 6069: 6064: 6062:Leaving groups 6059: 6054: 6044: 6043: 6037: 6036: 6018: 6015: 6014: 6012: 6011: 6006: 6001: 5996: 5987: 5986: 5979:valerenic acid 5964: 5959: 5949: 5931: 5926: 5921: 5916: 5911: 5906: 5901: 5896: 5891: 5886: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5834: 5829: 5824: 5819: 5808:mefenamic acid 5797: 5792: 5787: 5782: 5777: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5717:sodium bromide 5702: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5671: 5669: 5665: 5664: 5662: 5661: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5641: 5636: 5631: 5626: 5621: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5596: 5591: 5586: 5584:Methoxypropane 5581: 5579:Methoxyflurane 5576: 5571: 5566: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5539:Ethyl chloride 5536: 5531: 5526: 5521: 5516: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5456: 5451: 5445: 5443: 5433: 5432: 5430: 5429: 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5378: 5376: 5374:Quinazolinones 5370: 5369: 5367: 5366: 5361: 5356: 5351: 5345: 5343: 5337: 5336: 5334: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5318: 5312: 5310: 5304: 5303: 5301: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5284: 5282: 5276: 5275: 5273: 5272: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5242: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5172: 5167: 5162: 5157: 5152: 5147: 5142: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5117: 5116: 5111: 5106: 5101: 5096: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5069: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5036: 5035: 5030: 5025: 5020: 5015: 5010: 4998: 4996: 4990: 4989: 4987: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4901: 4896: 4891: 4886: 4881: 4876: 4871: 4866: 4861: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4840: 4835: 4830: 4825: 4819: 4817: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4776: 4774: 4768: 4767: 4765: 4764: 4759: 4754: 4749: 4744: 4739: 4734: 4729: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4688: 4686: 4679: 4678: 4676: 4675: 4670: 4665: 4659: 4657: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4647: 4642: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4602: 4597: 4592: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4571: 4569: 4563: 4562: 4560: 4559: 4554: 4549: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4524: 4519: 4514: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4453: 4451: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4291: 4286: 4281: 4276: 4271: 4266: 4261: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4241: 4236: 4231: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4161: 4156: 4151: 4146: 4141: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4121: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4061: 4056: 4051: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4021: 4016: 4011: 4006: 4001: 3996: 3991: 3986: 3981: 3976: 3971: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3951: 3946: 3941: 3936: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3901: 3895: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3833: 3828: 3823: 3818: 3813: 3808: 3803: 3798: 3796:Propylbarbital 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3748: 3743: 3738: 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3671:Crotylbarbital 3668: 3663: 3658: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3638: 3636:Brophebarbital 3633: 3631:Brallobarbital 3628: 3623: 3618: 3613: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3593: 3588: 3582: 3580: 3574: 3573: 3571: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3542: 3534: 3529: 3524: 3519: 3517:Methylpentynol 3514: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3494: 3489: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3458: 3456: 3450: 3449: 3443: 3438: 3436: 3435: 3428: 3421: 3413: 3404: 3403: 3401: 3400: 3393: 3386: 3379: 3372: 3364: 3362: 3351: 3350: 3348: 3347: 3340: 3333: 3326: 3319: 3311: 3309: 3298: 3297: 3295: 3294: 3287: 3280: 3273: 3266: 3258: 3256: 3245: 3244: 3242: 3241: 3234: 3227: 3220: 3213: 3205: 3203: 3197: 3196: 3194: 3193: 3186: 3179: 3172: 3165: 3157: 3155: 3149: 3148: 3146: 3145: 3137: 3135: 3129: 3128: 3120: 3118: 3117: 3110: 3103: 3095: 3086: 3085: 3080: 3079: 3076: 3073: 3070: 3066: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3008: 3004: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2947: 2943: 2942: 2938: 2931: 2927: 2923: 2916: 2912: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2846: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2830: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2811: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2790: 2787: 2784: 2783: 2780: 2777: 2774: 2771: 2768: 2765: 2762: 2759: 2756: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2732: 2728: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2714: 2709: 2705: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2673: 2669: 2662: 2658: 2654: 2650: 2642: 2638: 2631: 2627: 2620: 2609: 2605: 2601: 2594: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2540: 2536: 2532: 2526: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2505: 2497: 2489: 2485: 2473: 2469: 2465: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2425: 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2379: 2372: 2368: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2349: 2336: 2332: 2328: 2326: 2322: 2318: 2312: 2311: 2308: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2270: 2266: 2262: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2231: 2223: 2219: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2189: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2173: 2166: 2159: 2155: 2151: 2144: 2140: 2136: 2129: 2122: 2118: 2114: 2110: 2108: 2103: 2099: 2093: 2092: 2089: 2084: 2080: 2073: 2069: 2065: 2057: 2050: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2019: 2015: 2011: 2005: 2004: 2001: 1997: 1990: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1967: 1963: 1956: 1948: 1944: 1931: 1924: 1917: 1913: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1872: 1871: 1868: 1866: 1864: 1862: 1854: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1842: 1840: 1839: 1832: 1825: 1817: 1809: 1808: 1767: 1718: 1669: 1658:(5): 335–346. 1642: 1627: 1612: 1591: 1574:Dictionary.com 1561: 1543: 1519: 1500: 1474: 1443: 1418: 1398: 1360:(4): 329–335. 1340: 1331: 1314:www.mindat.org 1301: 1282:(5): 751–767. 1266: 1217: 1210: 1189: 1166: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1159: 1158: 1154: 1143: 1132: 1120: 1117: 1106: 1103: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1093: 1088: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1003: 1000: 984: 981: 972: 969: 843:was used as a 837: 834: 821: 818: 804: 797: 785: 748: 745: 744: 743: 740: 736: 728: 720: 714: 711: 703: 702: 698: 675: 674: 673:O → HOBr + HBr 670: 666: 658: 655: 654: 653: 649: 645: 630: 629: 613: 610: 608: 605: 584: 581: 565:periodic table 561:halogens group 540: 537: 536: 531: 509: 508: 504:standard state 501: 498: 497: 482: 476: 473: 472: 468: 467: 464: 459: 456: 455: 448: 447: 435: 430: 427: 426: 422: 421: 418: 412: 406: 398: 395: 394: 391: 385: 374: 371: 370: 366: 365: 360: 358:Conjugate acid 354: 353: 350: 344: 343: 340: 335: 332: 331: 327: 326: 324: 323: 315: 314: 313: 310: 309: 307: 306: 302: 299: 298: 290: 289: 288: 285: 284: 282: 281: 273: 271: 265: 264: 262: 261: 253: 251: 243: 240: 239: 237: 236: 228: 226: 220: 219: 216: 211: 208: 207: 205: 204: 196: 194: 188: 187: 185: 184: 176: 174: 168: 167: 165: 164: 156: 154: 148: 147: 144: 139: 136: 135: 133: 132: 124: 122: 115: 112: 111: 109: 108: 100: 98: 93: 90: 89: 85: 84: 80: 79: 73: 72: 68: 67: 64: 63: 54: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6079: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6049: 6047: 6034: 6033: 6029: 6025: 6022: 6016: 6010: 6007: 6005: 6002: 6000: 5997: 5995: 5992: 5989: 5988: 5984: 5980: 5976: 5975:isovaleramide 5972: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5957: 5953: 5950: 5947: 5943: 5939: 5935: 5932: 5930: 5927: 5925: 5922: 5920: 5917: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5900: 5897: 5895: 5892: 5890: 5887: 5885: 5882: 5880: 5877: 5875: 5872: 5869: 5865: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5833: 5830: 5828: 5825: 5823: 5820: 5817: 5813: 5812:niflumic acid 5809: 5805: 5801: 5798: 5796: 5793: 5791: 5788: 5786: 5783: 5781: 5778: 5775: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5738:Clomethiazole 5736: 5734: 5733:Chlormezanone 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5723:Carbamazepine 5721: 5718: 5714: 5710: 5706: 5703: 5700: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5672: 5670: 5666: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5607: 5605: 5602: 5600: 5599:Nitrous oxide 5597: 5595: 5592: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5570: 5567: 5565: 5562: 5560: 5557: 5555: 5552: 5550: 5547: 5545: 5542: 5540: 5537: 5535: 5532: 5530: 5529:Diethyl ether 5527: 5525: 5522: 5520: 5517: 5515: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5446: 5444: 5442: 5438: 5434: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5388: 5385: 5383: 5380: 5379: 5377: 5375: 5371: 5365: 5362: 5360: 5357: 5355: 5352: 5350: 5347: 5346: 5344: 5342: 5338: 5332: 5331:Pyrithyldione 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5319: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5311: 5309: 5305: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5283: 5281: 5277: 5271: 5268: 5266: 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5243: 5241: 5238: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5161: 5158: 5156: 5153: 5151: 5148: 5146: 5143: 5141: 5138: 5136: 5133: 5131: 5128: 5126: 5122: 5119: 5118: 5115: 5112: 5110: 5107: 5105: 5102: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 5076: 5075: 5071: 5070: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5047: 5043: 5042: 5038: 5037: 5034: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5005: 5004: 5000: 4999: 4997: 4995: 4991: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4905: 4902: 4900: 4897: 4895: 4892: 4890: 4887: 4885: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4875: 4872: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4862: 4860: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4841: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4831: 4829: 4826: 4824: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4816: 4812: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4777: 4775: 4773: 4769: 4763: 4760: 4758: 4755: 4753: 4750: 4748: 4745: 4743: 4740: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4693: 4690: 4689: 4687: 4684: 4680: 4674: 4671: 4669: 4666: 4664: 4661: 4660: 4658: 4656: 4652: 4646: 4643: 4640: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4608: 4606: 4603: 4601: 4598: 4596: 4593: 4591: 4588: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4564: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4537:Phenprobamate 4535: 4533: 4530: 4528: 4525: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4505: 4503: 4502:Hexapropymate 4500: 4498: 4495: 4493: 4490: 4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4477:Difebarbamate 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4450: 4446: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4290: 4289:Nortetrazepam 4287: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4277: 4275: 4272: 4270: 4267: 4265: 4262: 4260: 4257: 4255: 4252: 4250: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4240: 4237: 4235: 4232: 4230: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4200: 4197: 4195: 4192: 4190: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4170: 4167: 4165: 4162: 4160: 4157: 4155: 4152: 4150: 4149:Flutoprazepam 4147: 4145: 4142: 4140: 4137: 4135: 4132: 4130: 4129:Flunitrazolam 4127: 4125: 4124:Flunitrazepam 4122: 4120: 4117: 4115: 4114:Flubromazolam 4112: 4110: 4109:Flubromazepam 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4077: 4075: 4072: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4060: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4047: 4045: 4042: 4040: 4037: 4035: 4032: 4030: 4027: 4025: 4022: 4020: 4017: 4015: 4012: 4010: 4009:Cloniprazepam 4007: 4005: 4002: 4000: 3997: 3995: 3992: 3990: 3987: 3985: 3982: 3980: 3977: 3975: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3950: 3947: 3945: 3942: 3940: 3937: 3935: 3932: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3915: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3902: 3900: 3899:2-Oxoquazepam 3897: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3888: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3841:Thialbarbital 3839: 3837: 3836:Tetrabarbital 3834: 3832: 3829: 3827: 3824: 3822: 3821:Spirobarbital 3819: 3817: 3814: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3801:Proxibarbital 3799: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3791:Propallylonal 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3771:Phenobarbital 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3761:Pentobarbital 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3751:Narcobarbital 3749: 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3716:Heptobarbital 3714: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3686:Difebarbamate 3684: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3676:Cyclobarbital 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3664: 3662: 3659: 3657: 3654: 3652: 3649: 3647: 3644: 3642: 3639: 3637: 3634: 3632: 3629: 3627: 3624: 3622: 3621:Benzobarbital 3619: 3617: 3614: 3612: 3609: 3607: 3604: 3602: 3599: 3597: 3594: 3592: 3589: 3587: 3584: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3575: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3547: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3535: 3533: 3530: 3528: 3525: 3523: 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3510: 3508: 3505: 3503: 3500: 3498: 3495: 3493: 3492:Ethchlorvynol 3490: 3487: 3483: 3480: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3463: 3460: 3459: 3457: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3434: 3429: 3427: 3422: 3420: 3415: 3414: 3411: 3398: 3394: 3391: 3387: 3384: 3380: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3366: 3365: 3363: 3360: 3356: 3352: 3345: 3341: 3338: 3334: 3331: 3327: 3324: 3320: 3317: 3313: 3312: 3310: 3307: 3306:Chalcogenides 3303: 3299: 3292: 3288: 3285: 3281: 3278: 3274: 3271: 3267: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3257: 3254: 3250: 3246: 3239: 3235: 3232: 3228: 3225: 3221: 3218: 3214: 3211: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3198: 3191: 3187: 3184: 3180: 3177: 3173: 3170: 3166: 3163: 3159: 3158: 3156: 3154: 3150: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3136: 3134: 3130: 3126: 3123: 3116: 3111: 3109: 3104: 3102: 3097: 3096: 3093: 3077: 3074: 3071: 3069: 3062: 3056: 3054: 3048: 3046: 3040: 3038: 3032: 3030: 3023: 3017: 3015: 3009: 3007: 3000: 2994: 2992: 2985: 2979: 2977: 2970: 2964: 2962: 2956: 2954: 2948: 2945: 2944: 2941: 2934: 2928: 2926: 2919: 2913: 2911: 2905: 2903: 2897: 2895: 2889: 2887: 2881: 2879: 2873: 2871: 2864: 2858: 2856: 2849: 2843: 2841: 2835: 2833: 2826: 2820: 2818: 2812: 2810: 2804: 2802: 2796: 2793: 2792: 2785: 2781: 2778: 2775: 2772: 2769: 2766: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2754: 2751: 2748: 2745: 2742: 2739: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2725: 2723: 2720: 2719: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2708: 2701: 2695: 2693: 2687: 2685: 2679: 2677: 2674: 2672: 2665: 2655: 2653: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2634: 2628: 2626: 2612: 2606: 2604: 2597: 2591: 2589: 2583: 2581: 2574: 2568: 2566: 2560: 2558: 2552: 2550: 2544: 2541: 2539: 2533: 2531: 2528: 2527: 2524: 2518: 2516: 2509: 2506: 2504: 2500: 2493: 2486: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2470: 2468: 2461: 2455: 2453: 2446: 2443: 2441: 2435: 2433: 2430: 2428: 2422: 2420: 2414: 2412: 2406: 2404: 2397: 2391: 2389: 2382: 2375: 2369: 2367: 2361: 2359: 2352: 2345: 2337: 2335: 2329: 2327: 2325: 2319: 2317: 2314: 2313: 2309: 2307: 2301: 2299: 2292: 2286: 2284: 2277: 2273: 2267: 2265: 2258: 2252: 2250: 2244: 2242: 2236: 2234: 2227: 2224: 2222: 2215: 2209: 2207: 2201: 2199: 2192: 2186: 2184: 2178: 2176: 2169: 2162: 2156: 2154: 2147: 2141: 2139: 2132: 2125: 2119: 2117: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2100: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2088: 2085: 2083: 2076: 2066: 2064: 2060: 2053: 2046: 2040: 2038: 2032: 2030: 2023: 2020: 2018: 2012: 2010: 2007: 2006: 2002: 2000: 1993: 1986: 1983: 1981: 1970: 1959: 1952: 1945: 1943: 1939: 1935: 1927: 1920: 1914: 1912: 1908: 1902: 1900: 1893: 1887: 1885: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1869: 1863: 1861: 1858: 1857: 1851: 1846: 1838: 1833: 1831: 1826: 1824: 1819: 1818: 1815: 1804: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1787:(3): 225–30. 1786: 1782: 1778: 1771: 1768: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1746: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1722: 1719: 1714: 1710: 1705: 1700: 1696: 1692: 1688: 1684: 1680: 1673: 1670: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1653: 1646: 1643: 1638: 1631: 1628: 1623: 1616: 1613: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1595: 1592: 1579: 1575: 1571: 1565: 1562: 1556: 1555: 1547: 1544: 1533: 1529: 1523: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1509: 1504: 1501: 1485: 1478: 1475: 1460: 1453: 1447: 1444: 1432: 1428: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1402: 1399: 1387: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1371: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1344: 1341: 1335: 1332: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1305: 1302: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1270: 1267: 1262: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1232: 1228: 1221: 1218: 1213: 1207: 1203: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1171: 1168: 1161: 1155: 1152: 1148: 1144: 1141: 1137: 1133: 1130: 1126: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1104: 1101: 1100: 1096: 1091: 1090: 1086: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1063: 1060: 1057: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1009: 1001: 999: 997: 996:Tyrian purple 993: 989: 982: 980: 978: 970: 968: 966: 960: 958: 953: 952:antiepileptic 948: 946: 943: 939: 935: 930: 928: 924: 920: 915: 913: 909: 905: 904:Bromo-Seltzer 901: 895: 890: 888: 884: 880: 876: 873: 868: 866: 862: 858: 854: 850: 846: 842: 835: 830: 826: 819: 817: 815: 811: 807: 800: 793: 789: 781: 777: 772: 770: 766: 762: 758: 754: 746: 734: 733: 732: 725: 723: 712: 710: 708: 696: 695: 694: 692: 688: 687:bromine water 684: 680: 664: 663: 662: 656: 643: 642: 641: 639: 635: 627: 626: 625: 623: 619: 611: 606: 604: 602: 598: 594: 590: 582: 580: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 547: 534: 527: 522: 505: 499: 496: 495: 491: 486: 483: 480: 475: 474: 469: 465: 462: 458: 457: 453: 449: 444: 439: 436: 433: 429: 428: 425:Pharmacology 423: 419: 411: 403: 397: 396: 392: 384: 379: 373: 372: 367: 364: 361: 359: 356: 355: 351: 349: 346: 345: 341: 338: 334: 333: 328: 322: 318: 311: 297: 293: 286: 279: 275: 274: 272: 270: 267: 266: 259: 255: 254: 252: 246: 242: 241: 234: 230: 229: 227: 225: 222: 221: 217: 214: 210: 209: 202: 198: 197: 195: 193: 190: 189: 182: 178: 177: 175: 173: 170: 169: 162: 158: 157: 155: 153: 150: 149: 145: 142: 138: 137: 130: 126: 125: 123: 119: 114: 113: 106: 102: 101: 99: 96: 92: 91: 86: 78: 74: 69: 59: 55: 50: 46: 45: 41: 33: 19: 6020: 6019: 5990: 5847:Lavender oil 5704: 5589:Nitric oxide 5509:Cryofluorane 5454:Acetophenone 5412:Methaqualone 5407:Mecloqualone 5402:Mebroqualone 5392:Diproqualone 5387:Cloroqualone 5316:Glutethimide 5120: 5072: 5039: 5001: 4974:Testosterone 4939:Progesterone 4904:Hydroxydione 4853:Androsterone 4780:Acecarbromal 4685:constituents 4472:Cyclarbamate 4462:Carisoprodol 4234:Metaclazepam 4229:Menitrazepam 4219:Meclonazepam 4214:Lormetazepam 4144:Flutemazepam 3969:Ciclotizolam 3959:Carburazepam 3851:Thiobarbital 3811:Secobarbital 3776:Phetharbital 3756:Nealbarbital 3741:Methohexital 3726:Hexobarbital 3661:Butallylonal 3656:Butobarbital 3611:Barbexaclone 3606:Aprobarbital 3591:Allobarbital 3578:Barbiturates 3545: 3537: 3527:Petrichloral 3382: 1844: 1784: 1780: 1770: 1735: 1731: 1721: 1686: 1682: 1672: 1655: 1651: 1645: 1636: 1630: 1621: 1615: 1599: 1594: 1582:. Retrieved 1573: 1564: 1553: 1546: 1535:. Retrieved 1531: 1522: 1503: 1491:. Retrieved 1477: 1466:. Retrieved 1446: 1435:. Retrieved 1421: 1406: 1401: 1390:. Retrieved 1357: 1353: 1343: 1334: 1322:. Retrieved 1313: 1304: 1279: 1275: 1269: 1234: 1230: 1220: 1201: 1179: 1170: 1026: 1012: 1005: 986: 974: 971:Biochemistry 961: 949: 941: 931: 926: 923:Lord Dunsany 916: 897: 869: 849:barbiturates 839: 773: 750: 747:Applications 726: 716: 704: 681:(HOBr), and 676: 660: 631: 618:alkali metal 615: 601:Bromargyrite 586: 577:ionic radius 552: 545: 543: 488: 409: 382: 88:Identifiers 5929:Stiripentol 5924:Seproxetine 5894:Niacinamide 5874:Loreclezole 5695:Avermectins 5659:Vinyl ether 5629:Sevoflurane 5609:Paraldehyde 5559:Halopropane 5382:Afloqualone 5364:Tracazolate 5359:ICI-190,622 5349:Cartazolate 5326:Piperidione 5321:Methyprylon 5288:Fospropofol 5210:Pipequaline 5018:Pazinaclone 5008:Eszopiclone 4864:Cholesterol 4848:Androstenol 4772:Monoureides 4752:Methysticin 4552:Tetrabamate 4532:Pentabamate 4522:Meprobamate 4492:Febarbamate 4457:Carisbamate 4409:Triflubazam 4399:Tolufazepam 4359:Rilmazafone 4354:Remimazolam 4329:Proflazepam 4314:Pivoxazepam 4274:Nitrazepate 4264:Nimetazepam 4199:Lopirazepam 4169:Haloxazolam 4119:Fludiazepam 4064:Doxefazepam 4039:Delorazepam 4019:Clotiazepam 4014:Clorazepate 3979:Cinolazepam 3876:Vinbarbital 3831:Tetrabamate 3786:Probarbital 3766:Phenallymal 3731:Metharbital 3706:Febarbamate 3601:Amobarbital 3502:Isopropanol 3472:Chloralodol 1584:21 December 1517:. webmd.com 1354:Chemosphere 1018:Hypobromite 1014:Eosinophils 945:hypobromite 919:World War I 677:This forms 330:Properties 181:ChEMBL11685 161:CHEBI:15858 6046:Categories 5962:Topiramate 5952:Terpenoids 5909:Propanidid 5899:Org 25,435 5827:Flupirtine 5822:Fluoxetine 5728:Chloralose 5699:ivermectin 5604:Norflurane 5569:Isoflurane 5514:Desflurane 5504:Chloroform 5464:Aliflurane 5397:Etaqualone 5225:SB-205,384 5155:CP-615,003 5150:CL-218,872 5104:Panadiplon 5094:Lorediplon 5023:Suproclone 4984:Zuranolone 4944:Renanolone 4929:Posovolone 4909:Minaxolone 4899:Ganaxolone 4838:Alfaxalone 4833:Alfadolone 4823:Acebrochol 4790:Bromisoval 4668:Metomidate 4655:Imidazoles 4615:Hispidulin 4567:Flavonoids 4527:Nisobamate 4517:Mebutamate 4487:Ethinamate 4482:Emylcamate 4449:Carbamates 4419:Tuclazepam 4394:Tetrazepam 4349:Reclazepam 4324:Premazepam 4304:Phenazepam 4284:Nordazepam 4279:Nitrazolam 4269:Nitrazepam 4249:Motrazepam 4204:Loprazolam 4194:Lofendazam 4179:Imidazenil 4139:Flutazolam 4134:Flurazepam 4104:Fletazepam 4059:Dimdazenil 4054:Diclazepam 4034:Cyprazepam 4024:Cloxazolam 4004:Clonazolam 3999:Clonazepam 3989:Climazolam 3949:Brotizolam 3944:Bromazolam 3939:Bromazepam 3934:Bretazenil 3929:Bentazepam 3919:Arfendazam 3914:Alprazolam 3909:Adinazolam 3881:Vinylbital 3861:Thiopental 3736:Methitural 3651:Buthalital 3646:Butalbital 3497:Isobutanol 1624:: 175–183. 1608:0415194008 1537:2022-10-26 1493:30 October 1468:2012-12-03 1437:2012-12-03 1392:2021-03-07 1237:(6): 512. 1162:References 938:germicidal 872:biochemist 829:Dermatitis 348:Molar mass 278:952902IX06 192:ChemSpider 116:3D model ( 105:24959-67-9 95:CAS Number 6021:See also: 5983:valerenol 5904:Phenytoin 5884:Monastrol 5842:Lanthanum 5837:KRM-II-81 5800:Fenamates 5795:Etifoxine 5790:Etazepine 5785:Efavirenz 5743:Darigabat 5639:Teflurane 5624:Roflurane 5619:Propylene 5564:Halothane 5549:Fluroxene 5534:Enflurane 5437:Volatiles 5354:Etazolate 5265:Viqualine 5220:RWJ-51204 5185:L-838,417 5175:Imepitoin 5145:CGS-20625 5140:CGS-13767 5125:Adipiplon 5099:Ocinaplon 5061:Saripidem 5056:Necopidem 5033:Zopiclone 5028:Suriclone 5013:Pagoclone 4919:ORG-21465 4914:ORG-20599 4805:Ectylurea 4795:Carbromal 4673:Propoxate 4663:Etomidate 4590:Baicalein 4547:Styramate 4542:Procymate 4512:Lorbamate 4497:Felbamate 4467:Clocental 4439:Zomebazam 4434:Zolazepam 4429:Zapizolam 4424:Uldazepam 4404:Triazolam 4389:Temazepam 4384:Sulazepam 4374:Ro48-8684 4369:Ro48-6791 4364:Ripazepam 4334:Pyrazolam 4309:Pinazepam 4259:Nifoxipam 4244:Midazolam 4239:Mexazolam 4224:Medazepam 4209:Lorazepam 4189:Ketazolam 4184:Irazepine 4174:Iclazepam 4164:Halazepam 4159:Gidazepam 4154:Fosazepam 4074:Estazolam 4069:Elfazepam 4044:Demoxepam 3974:Cinazepam 3954:Camazepam 3924:Avizafone 3846:Thiamylal 3781:Primidone 3711:Heptabarb 3701:Eterobarb 3666:Carbubarb 3563:Triclofos 3462:Brometone 3253:Pnictides 3125:compounds 1754:0021-9258 1033:1.4  983:Substrate 591:(35  402:formation 376:Std molar 342:Br 6057:Bromides 6009:TCS-1205 6004:TCS-1105 5994:α-Pinene 5967:Valerian 5942:tetronal 5919:Safranal 5868:obovatol 5864:magnolol 5860:honokiol 5690:Alogabat 5685:AA-29504 5634:Synthane 5594:Nitrogen 5574:Kerosine 5554:Gasoline 5544:Ethylene 5484:Centalun 5479:Butylene 5293:Propofol 5255:U-89843A 5235:TGSC01AA 5205:NS-11394 5170:GBLD-345 5135:CGS-9896 5130:CGS-8216 5114:Zaleplon 5109:Taniplon 5089:Indiplon 5084:Fasiplon 5079:Divaplon 5066:Zolpidem 4969:SAGE-872 4964:SAGE-689 4959:SAGE-516 4954:SAGE-324 4949:SAGE-105 4857:Certain 4800:Capuride 4762:Yangonin 4639:baicalin 4635:Skullcap 4625:Luteolin 4600:Catechin 4595:Baicalin 4585:Apigenin 4557:Tybamate 4344:Quazepam 4339:QH-II-66 4319:Prazepam 4299:Oxazolam 4294:Oxazepam 4094:Etizolam 4049:Diazepam 4029:CP-1414S 3994:Clobazam 3984:Clazolam 3871:Valofane 3826:Talbutal 3816:Sigmodal 3721:Hexethal 3616:Barbital 3596:Alphenal 3586:(-)-DMBB 3532:Propanol 3522:Pentanol 3512:Methanol 3454:Alcohols 3355:Group 17 3302:Group 16 3249:Group 15 3201:Group 14 3153:Group 13 1713:24906154 1578:Archived 1511:Archived 1459:Archived 1431:Archived 1386:Archived 1382:15312731 1324:29 April 1318:Archived 1261:22614389 1184:Archived 1002:Cofactor 977:cofactor 936:as mild 934:hot tubs 929:(1919). 887:Victoria 855:). Like 845:sedative 589:seawater 490:Chloride 485:Fluoride 446:) 432:ATC code 146:3587179 38:Bromide 18:Bromides 5956:borneol 5954:(e.g., 5946:trional 5936:(e.g., 5854:(e.g., 5852:Lignans 5802:(e.g., 5760:(e.g., 5705:Bromide 5697:(e.g., 5680:α-EMTBL 5644:Toluene 5614:Propane 5489:Chloral 5469:Benzene 5449:Acetone 5280:Phenols 5270:Y-23684 5260:U-90042 5245:TPA-023 5230:SX-3228 5215:ROD-188 5200:NS-2710 5195:NS-2664 5180:JM-1232 5165:ELB-139 5160:CTP-354 5046:Alpidem 4645:Wogonin 4620:Linarin 4099:FG-8205 3806:Reposal 3507:Menthol 3467:Butanol 3359:Halides 3133:Group 1 2789:  1845:bromide 1803:9602940 1762:2538427 1704:4144415 1362:Bibcode 1284:Bibcode 1239:Bibcode 965:Germany 942:in situ 879:lithium 644:HBr + H 569:bromism 563:on the 557:bromine 546:bromide 526:what is 524: ( 440: ( 438:N05CM11 378:entropy 245:PubChem 81:Bromide 6052:Anions 5889:Niacin 5474:Butane 5427:SL-164 5298:Thymol 5240:TP-003 5121:Others 4924:P1-185 4884:5β-DHP 4879:5α-DHP 4874:3α-DHP 4722:Kavain 4630:Rc-OMe 1801:  1760:  1752:  1711:  1701:  1606:  1380:  1259:  1208:  912:cliché 707:bleach 652:O + Br 521:verify 518:  494:Iodide 479:anions 477:Other 317:SMILES 233:C01324 218:14908 172:ChEMBL 71:Names 5748:DEABL 5441:gases 5250:TP-13 4979:THDOC 4869:DHDOC 1532:Trove 1487:(PDF) 1462:(PDF) 1455:(PDF) 648:O → H 597:salts 466:12 d 292:InChI 152:ChEBI 118:JSmol 5051:DS-1 4683:Kava 4610:EGCG 3546:tert 3538:tert 3441:GABA 3065:EsBr 3058:EsBr 3050:CfBr 3042:BkBr 3034:CmBr 3026:AmBr 3019:AmBr 3011:PuBr 3003:NpBr 2996:NpBr 2973:PaBr 2966:PaBr 2958:ThBr 2950:AcBr 2937:YbBr 2930:YbBr 2922:TmBr 2915:TmBr 2907:ErBr 2899:HoBr 2891:DyBr 2883:TbBr 2875:GdBr 2867:EuBr 2860:EuBr 2852:SmBr 2845:SmBr 2837:PmBr 2829:NdBr 2822:NdBr 2814:PrBr 2806:CeBr 2798:LaBr 2727:RaBr 2722:FrBr 2712:AtBr 2704:PoBr 2697:PoBr 2689:BiBr 2681:PbBr 2676:TlBr 2668:HgBr 2649:AuBr 2645:AuBr 2637:PtBr 2630:PtBr 2616:IrBr 2608:IrBr 2600:OsBr 2593:OsBr 2585:ReBr 2562:TaBr 2554:HfBr 2546:LuBr 2535:BaBr 2530:CsBr 2520:XeBr 2496:TeBr 2472:SbBr 2464:SnBr 2457:SnBr 2449:InBr 2445:InBr 2437:CdBr 2432:AgBr 2424:PdBr 2416:RhBr 2408:RuBr 2400:TcBr 2393:TcBr 2385:MoBr 2378:MoBr 2371:MoBr 2363:NbBr 2355:ZrBr 2348:ZrBr 2340:ZrBr 2321:SrBr 2316:RbBr 2295:SeBr 2288:SeBr 2280:+AsO 2269:AsBr 2261:GeBr 2254:GeBr 2246:GaBr 2238:ZnBr 2230:CuBr 2226:CuBr 2218:NiBr 2211:NiBr 2203:CoBr 2195:FeBr 2188:FeBr 2180:MnBr 2172:CrBr 2165:CrBr 2158:CrBr 2135:TiBr 2128:TiBr 2121:TiBr 2113:ScBr 2102:CaBr 2087:BrCl 2034:SiBr 2026:AlBr 2022:AlBr 2014:MgBr 2009:NaBr 1938:NOBr 1881:BeBr 1876:LiBr 1799:PMID 1758:PMID 1750:ISSN 1709:PMID 1683:Cell 1604:ISBN 1586:2016 1495:2009 1378:PMID 1326:2018 1257:PMID 1206:ISBN 1157:ion. 1035:mg/L 859:and 810:AgBr 803:AlBr 801:and 796:ZnBr 792:CuBr 780:NaBr 776:LiBr 767:and 269:UNII 224:KEGG 5780:DS2 4889:DHT 4605:EGC 3078:No 3075:Md 3072:Fm 2988:UBr 2981:UBr 2946:** 2782:Og 2779:Ts 2776:Lv 2773:Mc 2770:Fl 2767:Nh 2764:Cn 2761:Rg 2758:Ds 2755:Mt 2752:Hs 2749:Bh 2746:Sg 2743:Db 2740:Rf 2737:Lr 2734:** 2716:Rn 2577:WBr 2570:WBr 2512:IBr 2508:IBr 2503:+Te 2483:-Sb 2479:+Sb 2331:YBr 2310:Kr 2276:+As 2150:VBr 2143:VBr 2097:KBr 2091:Ar 2079:SBr 2056:PBr 2049:PBr 2042:PBr 2003:Ne 1996:BrF 1989:BrF 1985:BrF 1955:BrO 1923:BrN 1916:NBr 1904:CBr 1896:+BO 1889:BBr 1870:He 1860:HBr 1847:ion 1789:doi 1740:doi 1736:264 1699:PMC 1691:doi 1687:157 1660:doi 1411:doi 1370:doi 1292:doi 1247:doi 1147:doi 1136:doi 1125:doi 1110:doi 1029:5.3 979:. 731:): 719:HNO 669:+ H 593:PSU 549:ion 443:WHO 413:298 386:298 258:259 248:CID 201:254 6048:: 6030:• 6026:• 5981:, 5977:, 5973:, 5944:, 5940:, 5866:, 5862:, 5858:, 5814:, 5810:, 5806:, 5772:, 5768:, 5764:, 5715:, 5711:, 5123:: 5077:: 5044:: 5006:: 3397:At 3383:Br 3376:Cl 3344:Po 3337:Te 3330:Se 3291:Bi 3284:Sb 3277:As 3238:Pb 3231:Sn 3224:Ge 3217:Si 3190:Tl 3183:In 3176:Ga 3169:Al 2794:* 2661:Br 2657:Hg 2542:* 2492:Br 2488:Te 2303:Br 2072:Br 2063:+P 1973:Br 1962:Br 1947:Br 1942:+N 1934:Br 1930:NH 1911:+C 1797:. 1785:22 1783:. 1779:. 1756:. 1748:. 1734:. 1730:. 1707:. 1697:. 1685:. 1681:. 1656:28 1654:. 1576:. 1572:. 1530:. 1429:. 1384:. 1376:. 1368:. 1358:57 1356:. 1352:. 1316:. 1312:. 1290:. 1280:32 1278:. 1255:. 1245:. 1233:. 1229:. 1192:^ 1178:. 947:. 914:. 867:. 816:. 808:. 794:, 790:, 788:Br 784:NH 782:, 778:, 771:. 735:Cl 724:. 697:Br 693:: 665:Br 620:, 553:Br 544:A 454:: 405:(Δ 5985:) 5958:) 5948:) 5870:) 5818:) 5776:) 5719:) 5701:) 5439:/ 4641:) 3488:) 3484:( 3444:A 3432:e 3425:t 3418:v 3390:I 3369:F 3361:) 3357:( 3323:S 3316:O 3308:) 3304:( 3270:P 3263:N 3255:) 3251:( 3210:C 3162:B 3142:H 3114:e 3107:t 3100:v 3067:3 3060:2 3052:3 3044:3 3036:3 3028:3 3021:2 3013:3 3005:4 2998:3 2990:5 2983:4 2975:5 2968:4 2960:4 2952:3 2939:3 2932:2 2924:3 2917:2 2909:3 2901:3 2893:3 2885:3 2877:3 2869:3 2862:2 2854:3 2847:2 2839:3 2831:3 2824:2 2816:3 2808:3 2800:3 2729:2 2706:4 2699:2 2691:3 2683:2 2670:2 2663:2 2659:2 2651:3 2639:4 2632:2 2621:4 2610:3 2602:4 2595:3 2587:3 2579:6 2572:5 2564:5 2556:4 2548:3 2537:2 2522:2 2514:3 2498:4 2490:2 2474:3 2466:4 2459:2 2451:3 2439:2 2426:2 2418:3 2410:3 2402:4 2395:3 2387:4 2380:3 2373:2 2365:5 2357:4 2350:3 2342:2 2333:3 2323:2 2305:2 2297:4 2290:2 2282:3 2271:3 2263:4 2256:2 2248:3 2240:2 2232:2 2220:4 2213:2 2205:2 2197:3 2190:2 2182:2 2174:4 2167:3 2160:2 2152:3 2145:2 2137:4 2130:3 2123:2 2115:3 2104:2 2081:2 2074:2 2070:2 2068:S 2058:7 2051:5 2044:3 2036:4 2028:3 2016:2 1998:5 1991:3 1979:5 1977:O 1975:2 1968:3 1966:O 1964:2 1957:2 1951:O 1949:2 1932:4 1925:3 1918:3 1906:4 1898:3 1891:3 1883:2 1836:e 1829:t 1822:v 1805:. 1791:: 1764:. 1742:: 1715:. 1693:: 1666:. 1662:: 1610:. 1588:. 1559:. 1540:. 1497:. 1471:. 1440:. 1413:: 1395:. 1372:: 1364:: 1328:. 1298:. 1294:: 1286:: 1263:. 1249:: 1241:: 1235:4 1214:. 1153:. 1149:: 1142:. 1138:: 1131:. 1127:: 1116:. 1112:: 1031:± 805:3 798:2 786:4 741:2 737:2 729:2 721:3 699:2 671:2 667:2 650:3 646:2 516:N 415:) 410:H 407:f 388:) 383:S 381:( 120:) 34:. 20:)

Index

Bromides
Bromide (disambiguation)


Systematic IUPAC name
CAS Number
24959-67-9
JSmol
Interactive image
Beilstein Reference
ChEBI
CHEBI:15858
ChEMBL
ChEMBL11685
ChemSpider
254
Gmelin Reference
KEGG
C01324
PubChem
259
UNII
952902IX06
InChI
SMILES
Chemical formula
Molar mass
Conjugate acid
Hydrogen bromide
Std molar
entropy

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