31:
349:
75:
50:
408:
they were previously resident. Both males and females create pits by removing small rocks with their mouths and fanning smaller particles with their tails. The male and female deposit sperm and eggs, simultaneously while intertwined, into the nest. The female can release several thousand eggs, up to 100,000 for some species. Adult brook lamprey spawn in small groups and die soon after spawning.
411:
The eggs hatch within a few days, after which the young larvae bury themselves in soft sediment with only the mouth protruding. The young lampreys are blind filter feeders, feeding on detritus and other organic matter for three to five years before maturing. After spending four years as ammocoetes
407:
Unlike some species of lamprey, the adults do not migrate to the sea and do not have a parasitic phase. During the spawning time adult brook lampreys do not feed. Brook lampreys spawn in spring and summer in shallow areas of streams and sometimes lakes in gravel close to the soft sediment in which
356:
The brook lamprey is a common, non-parasitic species that is endemic to Europe. Adult brook lampreys measure from 12 to 14 cm (4.7 to 5.5 in). The body is highly elongated and dark blue or greenish above, lightening to yellowish off-white on the sides and pure white on the ventral side.
420:
degenerates and loses its function. The full transformation can take up to a year. Thus, these fish develop their teeth precisely when they are no longer able to eat. However, lampreys have been observed gripping stones with their teeth in order to build nests, showing that the teeth do have a
361:, which is filled with blunt teeth. They have a single nostril and seven small gill openings on either side behind the eye. The brook lamprey can be told from the closely related river lamprey (
1515:
1567:
1634:
696:
1489:
1528:
412:(Larva), these lampreys metamorphose to adults in the fall and spawn the following spring. This process is complete after the maturation of the
1654:
1606:
689:
1649:
1533:
1554:
1380:
1398:
901:
682:
1455:
1572:
1468:
74:
1285:
814:
1639:
1294:
1150:
1141:
892:
1036:
1315:
1195:
1168:
1063:
976:
910:
805:
781:
1090:
1081:
1045:
841:
1403:
1186:
1117:
994:
958:
874:
179:
1353:
1177:
1099:
334:
environments. The species is related to, but distinct from, the North
American western brook lamprey (
1611:
1424:
1362:
375:
Brook lampreys can be found in small streams and larger rivers throughout northern Europe as well as
363:
336:
196:
883:
1027:
832:
39:
30:
1072:
985:
484:
480:
205:
69:
593:
465:
1520:
1644:
1593:
1411:
1219:
521:
357:
Like all lampreys, these fish lack paired fins and possess a circular sucking disc instead of
348:
1598:
1237:
1054:
967:
643:
633:
511:
460:
417:
1546:
568:
1580:
1228:
934:
925:
850:
763:
743:
146:
1367:
669:
540:
1463:
1450:
1276:
1159:
1003:
1628:
1541:
772:
451:
442:
59:
54:
1416:
949:
865:
823:
648:
498:
Van Der Laan, Richard; Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ronald (11 November 2014).
1559:
1502:
1347:
1261:
1252:
1132:
796:
754:
731:
516:
499:
331:
1338:
1437:
86:
525:
1476:
1390:
1332:
1210:
1018:
725:
674:
545:
388:
376:
367:) by the fact that its two dorsal fins are more closely linked together.
156:
106:
1585:
1494:
1481:
737:
706:
327:
136:
126:
116:
1507:
1375:
719:
392:
380:
96:
1309:
1442:
638:
621:
413:
396:
384:
347:
416:. Eyes and suction disk also develop during this time, while the
1429:
1313:
678:
622:"On the Nesting Habits of the Brook Lamprey (Lampetra Wilderi)"
358:
1322:
1274:
1250:
1208:
1130:
1016:
947:
923:
863:
794:
752:
690:
436:
434:
8:
352:Close-up of a brook lamprey's anterior body.
466:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T11213A3262868.en
1310:
697:
683:
675:
48:
29:
20:
647:
637:
515:
464:
620:Young, Robert T.; Cole, Leon J. (1900).
430:
666:Animal, Smithsonian Institution, 2005
500:"Family-group names of Recent fishes"
7:
1469:9141fe77-71a3-430c-a8c3-08254ae2b4aa
1635:IUCN Red List least concern species
452:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
330:species that exclusively inhabits
14:
1178:Western Transcaucasian lamprey (
73:
539:Froese, R.; Pauly, D. (2017).
1:
483:}}: |date= / |doi= mismatch (
395:and the upper reaches of the
1187:Far Eastern brook lamprey (
815:Pit-Klamath brook lamprey (
1671:
1655:Habitats Directive species
875:Carpathian Brook Lamprey (
893:Ukrainian brook lamprey (
714:
517:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1
211:
204:
185:
178:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1169:Siberian brook lamprey (
1151:American brook lamprey (
1109:European brook lamprey (
1064:European river lamprey (
995:Mountain brook lamprey (
986:Southern brook lamprey (
977:Northern brook lamprey (
1295:Mexican brook lamprey (
1238:Non-parasitic lamprey (
1142:Alaskan brook lamprey (
1118:Western brook lamprey (
1100:Pacific brook lamprey (
1082:Turkish brook lamprey (
1055:Western river lamprey (
842:Klamath River lamprey (
649:2027/hvd.32044107207904
626:The American Naturalist
16:Species of jawless fish
1650:Fish described in 1784
782:Ionian brook lamprey (
353:
320:European brook lamprey
284:Petromyzon fluviatilis
272:Petromyzon fluviatilis
1028:Least Brook lamprey (
833:Miller Lake lamprey (
806:Modoc brook lamprey (
459:: e.T11213A97806694.
441:Freyhof, J. (2016) .
351:
324:western brook lamprey
318:), also known as the
1464:Fauna Europaea (new)
1229:Australian lamprey (
1073:Kern brook lamprey (
1037:Portuguese lamprey (
911:Vladykov's lamprey (
902:Drin brook Lamprey (
364:Lampetra fluviatilis
337:Lampetra richardsoni
326:is a small European
296:Ammocoetes lamproyon
223:Petromyzon septoeuil
264:Petromyzon anomalum
247:Petromyzon plumbeus
40:Conservation status
1196:Lombardy lamprey (
968:Chestnut Lamprey (
738:Petromyzontiformes
354:
299:Römer-Büchner 1927
239:Petromyzon bicolor
215:Petromyzon planeri
137:Petromyzontiformes
1622:
1621:
1594:Open Tree of Life
1316:Taxon identifiers
1307:
1306:
1286:Mexican lamprey (
1220:Chilean lamprey (
935:Pouched lamprey (
904:E. stankokaramani
851:Pacific lamprey (
764:Caspian lamprey (
548:version (02/2017)
541:"Petromyzontidae"
306:
305:
300:
292:
280:
268:
267:De la Pylaie 1835
260:
256:Petromyzon caecus
251:
243:
235:
227:
219:
63:
1662:
1615:
1614:
1602:
1601:
1589:
1588:
1576:
1575:
1563:
1562:
1560:NHMSYS0000544685
1550:
1549:
1537:
1536:
1524:
1523:
1511:
1510:
1498:
1497:
1485:
1484:
1472:
1471:
1459:
1458:
1446:
1445:
1433:
1432:
1420:
1419:
1407:
1406:
1394:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1381:lampetra-planeri
1371:
1370:
1368:Lampetra_planeri
1358:
1357:
1356:
1354:Lampetra planeri
1343:
1342:
1341:
1324:Lampetra planeri
1311:
1160:Arctic lamprey (
1004:Silver lamprey (
884:Korean lamprey (
699:
692:
685:
676:
654:
653:
651:
641:
632:(404): 617–620.
617:
611:
610:
608:
607:
598:
590:
584:
583:
581:
580:
571:Lampetra planeri
569:"Brook lamprey:
565:
559:
558:
556:
554:
536:
530:
529:
519:
495:
489:
488:
477:
475:
473:
468:
445:Lampetra planeri
438:
418:intestinal tract
315:Lampetra planeri
298:
290:
278:
266:
258:
249:
241:
233:
231:Petromyzon niger
225:
217:
191:
189:Lampetra planeri
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1659:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1618:
1610:
1605:
1597:
1592:
1584:
1581:Observation.org
1579:
1571:
1566:
1558:
1553:
1545:
1540:
1532:
1527:
1519:
1514:
1506:
1501:
1493:
1488:
1480:
1475:
1467:
1462:
1454:
1449:
1441:
1436:
1428:
1423:
1415:
1410:
1402:
1397:
1389:
1387:
1379:
1374:
1366:
1361:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1318:
1308:
1303:
1270:
1246:
1204:
1162:L. camtschatica
1126:
1046:Qurem lamprey (
1039:L. alavariensis
1012:
943:
919:
859:
790:
773:Greek lamprey (
748:
744:Petromyzontidae
710:
703:
663:
658:
657:
619:
618:
614:
605:
603:
601:Adfg.alaska.gov
596:
592:
591:
587:
578:
576:
567:
566:
562:
552:
550:
538:
537:
533:
497:
496:
492:
478:
471:
469:
440:
439:
432:
427:
405:
373:
346:
200:
193:
187:
174:
171:L. planeri
147:Petromyzontidae
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1668:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1640:Fish of Europe
1637:
1627:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1603:
1590:
1577:
1564:
1551:
1538:
1525:
1512:
1499:
1486:
1473:
1460:
1451:Fauna Europaea
1447:
1434:
1421:
1408:
1395:
1385:
1372:
1359:
1344:
1328:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1301:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1277:Tetrapleurodon
1272:
1271:
1269:
1268:
1258:
1256:
1248:
1247:
1245:
1244:
1235:
1226:
1216:
1214:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1166:
1157:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1128:
1127:
1125:
1124:
1120:L. richardsoni
1115:
1106:
1097:
1088:
1079:
1070:
1066:L. fluviatilis
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1024:
1022:
1014:
1013:
1011:
1010:
1001:
992:
983:
974:
965:
959:Ohio lamprey (
955:
953:
945:
944:
942:
941:
931:
929:
921:
920:
918:
917:
908:
899:
890:
881:
871:
869:
861:
860:
858:
857:
853:E. tridentatus
848:
839:
830:
826:E. macrostomus
824:Lake lamprey (
821:
817:E. lethophagus
812:
802:
800:
792:
791:
789:
788:
779:
770:
760:
758:
750:
749:
747:
746:
740:
734:
728:
722:
715:
712:
711:
704:
702:
701:
694:
687:
679:
673:
672:
667:
662:
659:
656:
655:
639:10.1086/277735
612:
585:
560:
531:
490:
429:
428:
426:
423:
404:
401:
372:
369:
345:
342:
304:
303:
302:
301:
293:
281:
269:
261:
252:
244:
236:
228:
220:
209:
208:
202:
201:
194:
183:
182:
176:
175:
168:
166:
162:
161:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
24:Brook lamprey
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1667:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1630:
1613:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1386:
1382:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1312:
1300:
1298:
1293:
1291:
1289:
1284:
1283:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1262:Sea lamprey (
1260:
1259:
1257:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1232:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1201:
1199:
1198:L. zanandreai
1194:
1192:
1190:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1176:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1144:L. alaskensis
1140:
1139:
1137:
1135:
1134:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1096:
1094:
1093:L. lusitanica
1089:
1087:
1085:
1084:L. lanceolata
1080:
1078:
1076:
1071:
1069:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1051:
1049:
1048:L. auremensis
1044:
1042:
1040:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1015:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1000:
998:
993:
991:
989:
984:
982:
980:
975:
973:
971:
966:
964:
962:
957:
956:
954:
952:
951:
946:
940:
938:
933:
932:
930:
928:
927:
922:
916:
914:
909:
907:
905:
900:
898:
896:
891:
889:
887:
882:
880:
878:
873:
872:
870:
868:
867:
862:
856:
854:
849:
847:
845:
840:
838:
836:
831:
829:
827:
822:
820:
818:
813:
811:
809:
804:
803:
801:
799:
798:
793:
787:
785:
780:
778:
776:
775:C. hellenicus
771:
769:
767:
762:
761:
759:
757:
756:
751:
745:
741:
739:
735:
733:
729:
727:
723:
721:
717:
716:
713:
708:
700:
695:
693:
688:
686:
681:
680:
677:
671:
668:
665:
664:
661:Other sources
660:
650:
645:
640:
635:
631:
627:
623:
616:
613:
602:
595:
589:
586:
574:
572:
564:
561:
549:
547:
542:
535:
532:
527:
523:
518:
513:
509:
505:
501:
494:
491:
486:
482:
467:
462:
458:
454:
453:
448:
446:
437:
435:
431:
424:
422:
419:
415:
409:
402:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
370:
368:
366:
365:
360:
350:
343:
341:
339:
338:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
316:
311:
310:brook lamprey
297:
294:
289:
285:
282:
277:
273:
270:
265:
262:
257:
253:
248:
245:
240:
237:
234:Lacepède 1802
232:
229:
226:Lacepède 1802
224:
221:
216:
213:
212:
210:
207:
203:
198:
192:
190:
184:
181:
180:Binomial name
177:
173:
172:
167:
164:
163:
160:
159:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
113:Infraphylum:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1323:
1296:
1287:
1275:
1263:
1251:
1239:
1230:
1221:
1209:
1197:
1189:L. reissneri
1188:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1131:
1119:
1110:
1108:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1038:
1030:L. aepyptera
1029:
1017:
1006:I. unicuspis
1005:
996:
987:
978:
970:I. castaneus
969:
960:
950:Ichthyomyzon
948:
937:G. australis
936:
924:
913:E. vladykovi
912:
903:
894:
885:
876:
866:Eudontomyzon
864:
852:
843:
834:
825:
816:
807:
795:
783:
774:
765:
753:
629:
625:
615:
604:. Retrieved
600:
588:
577:. Retrieved
575:. NatureGate
570:
563:
551:. Retrieved
544:
534:
510:(1): 1–230.
507:
503:
493:
470:. Retrieved
456:
450:
444:
410:
406:
374:
371:Distribution
362:
355:
335:
323:
319:
314:
313:
309:
307:
295:
287:
283:
275:
271:
263:
255:
246:
238:
230:
222:
214:
188:
186:
170:
169:
157:
18:
1503:iNaturalist
1348:Wikispecies
1288:T. spadicea
1222:M. lapicida
1171:L. kessleri
1153:L. appendix
1133:Lethenteron
1102:L. pacifica
997:I. greeleyi
961:I. bdellium
877:E. danfordi
808:E. folletti
797:Entosphenus
755:Caspiomyzon
732:Hyperoartia
379:, southern
344:Description
127:Hyperoartia
1629:Categories
1297:T. geminis
1264:P. marinus
1253:Petromyzon
1240:M. praecox
1111:L. planeri
1057:L. ayresii
844:E. similis
835:E. minimus
784:C. graecus
766:C. wagneri
606:2022-03-17
594:"Lampreys"
579:2013-12-15
425:References
421:function.
332:freshwater
291:Smitt 1895
279:Smitt 1895
259:Couch 1832
218:Bloch 1784
1231:M. mordax
1075:L. hubbsi
979:I. fossor
895:E. mariae
481:cite iucn
250:Shaw 1804
242:Shaw 1804
165:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
1645:Lampetra
1521:11039756
1477:FishBase
1388:BioLib:
1333:Wikidata
1211:Mordacia
1180:L. ninae
1019:Lampetra
988:I. gagei
886:E. morii
726:Chordata
720:Animalia
718:Kingdom
670:Fishbase
546:FishBase
526:25543675
389:Sardinia
377:Portugal
322:and the
288:larvalis
206:Synonyms
158:Lampetra
143:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
1495:2421402
1339:Q798246
926:Geotria
742:Family
724:Phylum
709:species
707:lamprey
705:Extant
504:Zootaxa
472:4 April
403:Biology
393:Balkans
328:lamprey
153:Genus:
133:Order:
123:Class:
117:Agnatha
58: (
1612:148719
1599:227498
1534:159720
1508:103978
1456:304313
1443:LMPTPL
1430:206412
1376:ARKive
736:Order
730:Class
553:18 May
524:
414:gonads
391:, the
381:France
1607:WoRMS
1547:11213
1516:IRMNG
1417:6NVMN
1404:54237
1391:15176
597:(PDF)
397:Volga
385:Italy
276:minor
199:1784)
197:Bloch
1586:2154
1573:7750
1568:NCBI
1542:IUCN
1529:ITIS
1490:GBIF
1482:4481
1438:EPPO
1399:BOLD
555:2017
522:PMID
508:3882
485:help
474:2024
457:2011
359:jaws
308:The
1555:NBN
1425:EoL
1412:CoL
1363:ADW
644:hdl
634:doi
512:doi
461:doi
340:).
286:f.
274:f.
1631::
1609::
1596::
1583::
1570::
1557::
1544::
1531::
1518::
1505::
1492::
1479::
1466::
1453::
1440::
1427::
1414::
1401::
1378::
1365::
1350::
1335::
642:.
630:34
628:.
624:.
599:.
543:.
520:.
506:.
502:.
479:{{
455:.
449:.
433:^
399:.
387:,
383:,
1299:)
1290:)
1266:)
1242:)
1233:)
1224:)
1200:)
1191:)
1182:)
1173:)
1164:)
1155:)
1146:)
1122:)
1113:)
1104:)
1095:)
1091:(
1086:)
1077:)
1068:)
1059:)
1050:)
1041:)
1032:)
1008:)
999:)
990:)
981:)
972:)
963:)
939:)
915:)
906:)
897:)
888:)
879:)
855:)
846:)
837:)
828:)
819:)
810:)
786:)
777:)
768:)
698:e
691:t
684:v
652:.
646::
636::
609:.
582:.
573:"
557:.
528:.
514::
487:)
476:.
463::
447:"
443:"
312:(
254:?
195:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
