Brunhild - Knowledge (XXG)

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given to her. The next day, the queens continue their quarrel in the king's hall. Brunhild is so full of pain that she takes to bed. She demands vengeance against Sigurd, despite Gunnar's attempts to pacify her. Sigurd comes and confesses his love for her, offering to leave Gudrun to be with her, but Brunhild refuses. Afterwards, she demands that Gunnar kill Sigurd. Once the deed is done, Brunhild laughs loudly when she hears Gudrun's cry of lament. She reveals that she had slandered Sigurd by claiming that he had slept with her. She then stabs herself, and while dying holds a long conversation with Gunnar in which she prophesies the future. According to her wish, she is burned on the same pyre as Sigurd.

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like she might renege on the agreement, Siegfried quickly gathers his men from his kingdom in Nibelungenland and brings them to Isenstein. Gunther and Brunhild then agree to marry. The heroes return to Worms with Brunhild, and Siegfried marries Kriemhild at the same time that Brunhild marries Gunther. Brunhild cries seeing this however, believing that the royal princess Kriemhild has been married to a vassal. On her wedding night, when Gunther attempts to sleep with Brunhild, Brunhild quickly overpowers Gunther, tying him up by his hands and feet with her belt and leaving him hanging on a hook until morning. Gunther is forced to rely on Siegfried again, who takes Gunther's shape using his

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her husband is superior to Kriemhild's. This culminates when the two queens encounter each other in front of the cathedral at Worms, and fight over who has the right to enter first. Brunhild declares that Kriemhild is the wife of a vassal, to which Kriemhild replies that Siegfried has taken Brunhild's virginity, showing her the belt and ring as proof. Brunhild bursts into tears and Kriemhild enters the church before her. Brunhild then goes to Gunther and Gunther forces Siegfried to confirm that this is not the case. However, Brunhild convinces Gunther to murder Siegfried nonetheless. The deed itself is carried out by the Burgundian vassal

3560: 985:, who acts as a messenger for the Dietrich heroes, a lance with a banner on it as a reward for his having done his job well. At a later point, Rüdiger and Brunhild negotiate the transformation of the battle into a tournament, though this quickly becomes an actual battle once more. When the Dietrich heroes succeed in reaching the gates of Worms, Brunhild and the other Burgundian women force a stop to hostilities. In the conciliatory festivities that follow, Brunhild explains that she gave Rüdiger the lance so that all the warriors would be encouraged to show the best of their abilities, not so that any would be killed. 800: 766:(the song of Brynhild, TSB E 100), also tells a version of the story of Brunhild. The original form of this ballad likely dates to the fourteenth century, though it is clear that many variants have been influenced by the Danish ballads. In the ballad, Brunhild refuses all suitors; she will only marry Sigurd. To attract him, she tells her father Budli to create a hall with a wall of fire around her. One day, Gunnar comes and sues for her hand, but she refuses. Then Sigurd comes, breaks through the wall of fire, and they sleep together. When he leaves, however, Gudrun and her mother 811: 3337: 60: 706:) and is raised to be a shieldmaiden or valkyrie. When she is twelve years old, King Agnar steals Brunhild's magical swan shirt, and she is forced to swear an oath of loyalty to him. This causes her to intervene on Angar's behalf when he is fighting Hjálmgunnar, despite Odin's desire for Hjálmgunnar to win. As punishment, Odin stuck her with a sleep thorn and declared that she must marry. She swore that she would not awaken to marry unless a man came who knew no fear. Odin places the sleeping Brunhild on mount Hindarfjall and surrounds her with a wall of shields. 388: 612:

Sigurd is dead, Gudrun breaks into a lament, and Brunhild laughs loudly. Gunnar chastises her for this, whereupon Brunhild explains that she never wanted to marry Gunnar and had been forced to by her brother Atli. She had then secretly betrothed herself to Sigurd. Brunhild then gives away all her possessions and kills herself, despite Gunnar's attempts to convince her not to. As she dies, she prophesies the future misfortunes of Gudrun and Gunnar. Finally, she asks to be burned on the same pyre as Sigurd.

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birth, whereupon Grimhild produces a ring that Brunhild had given to Sigurd (thinking he was Gunnar) after he had deflowered her, and publicly proclaims that Sigurd and not Gunnar took Brunhild's virginity. Brunhild then convinces Gunnar and Högni to kill Sigurd. Brunhild is shown to be overjoyed once it has occurred. Afterwards, she largely disappears from the saga, though it is mentioned that King Atli (Etzel) visits her among the Burgundians.

856:, who is familiar with Brunhild, advises him against this marriage, but Gunther convinces Siegfried to help him woo Brunhild by promising to let Siegfried marry Gunther's sister Kriemhild. Gunther needs Siegfried's help because Brunhild has set a series of three feats of strength that any suitor for her hand must complete; should the suitor fail any one of these feats, she will kill him. Siegfried agrees to help Gunther by using his 470:

through the wall of flame. Then Gudrun reveals to Brunhild that Sigurd was the one who rode through the wall, producing Brunhild's ring as proof. Brunhild then encourages Gunnar to kill Sigurd, which eventually he does. Once Sigurd is dead, Brunhild kills herself, and is burned on the same pyre as Sigurd. It is possible that Snorri's account of the quarrel between Brunhild and Gudrun derives from a lost Eddic poem.

3447: 502:, Sigurd receives a prophecy of his life from his uncle Grípir. Among the prophesied actions are that he will awaken a valkyrie who will teach him the runes. Later, he will betroth himself to Brunhild at the court of Heimir. He will marry Gudrun but then aid Gunnar in wooing Brunhild, marrying but not sleeping with her. She, however, will later accuse Sigurd of taking her virginity and have him killed. 714:

do this, so Sigurd takes his shape and performs the deed for him. While Brunhild is reluctant to marry Gunnar, Sigurd in his disguise reminds her of her vow to marry the man who can cross the flames. The two then wed and Sigurd places his sword between them for three nights while they share the marriage bed. Sigurd and Gunnar return to their normal shapes and take Brunhild back to Gunnar's hall.

3146: 1140: 3133: 1066:, on the other hand, are paralleled in a Russian fairy tale that also contains a very similar scene in which the bride ties her new husband by his hands and feet on her wedding night. These parallels have led some scholars to argue that the feats of strength are not original to the tradition. Others have argued that the Russian fairy tale may derive from the 556:, Sigurd rides to the mountain Hindarfjall, where he sees a wall of shields that surround a sleeping woman. The woman is wearing armor that seems to have grown into her skin, and Sigurd uses his sword to cut it open. This awakens the maiden, who explains that she is the valkyrie Sigrdrífa and, in a prose interlude, tells how she had disobeyed 442:

flames. Sigurd then weds Brunhild as Gunnar, but places a sword between the two of them on their wedding night. The next morning, he gives Brunhild a ring from the hoard of the Nibelungen, and Brunhild gives him a ring in return. Gunnar and Sigurd then return to their own shapes and return to the court of Gunnar's father Gjuki.

646:, the Scandinavian underworld. On her way, she encounters a giant who accuses her of having blood on her hands. In response, Brunhild tells the story of her life, defending herself and justifying her actions. She accuses the Burgundians of having deceived her. Brunhild hopes to spend the afterlife together with Sigurd. 727: 1212:(armor) more obvious. Wagner's depiction of the character has largely eclipsed the original sources in the popular imagination, with most modern references to Brunhild deriving from Wagner in one way or another, particularly outside of Germany and Scandinavia. Brunhild also plays a major role in the first film of 484:, a collection of heroic and mythological Nordic poems, appears to have been compiled around 1270 in Iceland, and assembles mythological and heroic songs of various ages. A large number of poems deal with the relationship between Sigurd and Brunhild, which seems to have been of special interest to the compiler. 959:. There she runs a stud farm that produces excellent horses. Sigurd encounters Brunhild shortly after he has killed the dragon Regin; he breaks into her castle and kills several of her warriors, but Brunhild recognizes Sigurd, tells him the names of his parents, and gives him the horse Grani before he leaves. 710:

Sigurd feels love when he sees her and, despite her insistence she wants only to fight as a warrior, convinces her to renew her vow to marry him. Meanwhile, Gudrun has had a foreboding dream and goes to Brunhild to have her interpret it. Brunhild tells Gudrun all of the misfortune that will befall her.

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There is considerable debate about whether the ride through the wall of flames attested in the Norse tradition or the feats of strength attested in the continental tradition represents the older version of the wooing of Brunhild. Although the ride through the flames is only attested in Scandinavia, a

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If the origin of Brunhild in Brunhilda of Austrasia and Fredegund is correct, then Brunhild's role in Sigurd/Siegfried's murder would be the oldest part of her legend and an original part of the Sigurd legend. Theodore Andersson has argued that Brunhild was originally the more important figure of the

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Some time later, while Sigurd is living with the Burgundians, Brunhild begins to quarrel with Sigurd's wife Grimhild over which of them has the higher status. One day, Grimhild fails to rise when Brunhild enters the hall. This causes Brunhild to accuse Grimhild of being married to a man without noble

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that describes how the survivors of the end of the last poem deal with the catastrophe. After the dead are buried, Dietrich von Bern arranges for a messenger to travel to Worms to inform the Burgundians. The messenger is received by Brunhild, who admits her responsibility for Siegfried's death and is

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Soon afterward, Gunnar, Gudrun's brother, decides to woo Brunhild to be his wife. Sigurd, who has married Gudrun after having been given a potion to forget his previous vows to Brunhild, aids him. Brunhild can only be wed by a man who will ride through the flames around her tower; Gunnar is unable to

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As Brunhild narrates her life, she is clearly identified with the valkyrie Sigrdrífa and combines the story of Sigrdrífa's awakening with Sigurd's wooing for Gunnar as a single event. Odin himself is portrayed as requiring that only a man who knows no fear could awaken her. The song portrays Brunhild

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Generally, none of the poems in the collection is thought to be older than 900 AD and some appear to have been written in the thirteenth century. It is also possible that apparently old poems have been written in an archaicizing style and that apparently recent poems are reworkings of older material,

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There is no consensus as to whether Brunhild's identification as a valkyrie in the Norse legends represents an old common Germanic tradition or a late development, unique to the Scandinavian tradition. It is possible that the German Brunhild's immense strength alludes to a mythological past in which

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It is mentioned that Brunhild and Gunther have a son, whom they name Siegfried. Some years later, Brunhild, still disturbed by Siegfried's failure to behave as a vassal, convinces Gunther to invite Siegfried and Kriemhild to Worms. Once the guests arrive, Brunhild becomes increasingly insistent that

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granting him the strength of twelve men. Gunther is secretly present during all of this, and is able to confirm that Siegfried did not sleep with Brunhild. Once Siegfried has subdued Brunhild, Gunther takes Siegfried's place and takes Brunhild's virginity, which results in the loss of her superhuman

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When Siegfried and Gunther arrive at Isenstein, Brunhild initially assumes that Siegfried is the suitor, but immediately loses interest in him once he claims that he is Gunther's vassal. With Siegfried's help, Gunther is able to accomplish all the feats of strength; although Brunhild initially looks

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Brunhild's sister in the Scandinavian tradition, Oddrun, also does not seem to be a figure of the traditional legend. The continental tradition makes no reference to Brunhild having any kin at all, whereas the Scandinavian material mentions both a father (Budli, father of Atli) and a fosterfather,

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gives the valkyrie whom Sigurd awakens another name, and many of the details about the Norse Brunhild do not accord with her being a valkyrie. It is possible that the Norse Sigurd was originally involved with two separate women, a valkyrie and his sister-in-law, who have been "imperfectly merged."

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cast a spell on Sigurd so that he forgets Brunhild and marries Gudrun. Some time later Brunhild and Gudrun argue in the bath, with Gudrun refusing to share water with Brunhild. She reminds Brunhild that Sigurd took her virginity, whereupon Brunhild tells Högni (or in some versions, Gunnar) to kill

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One day, Brunhild and Gudrun are bathing at a river; Brunhild declares that she should not have to use the same water as Gudrun, as her husband is the more important man. Gudrun then reveals that Sigurd had crossed the flames and not Gunnar, and shows a ring that Sigurd had taken from Brunhild and

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repeats the story of Sigurd once again. Sigurd wins Brunhild for Gunnar and weds her for him, but the two do not sleep together. Brunhild desires Sigurd, however, and decides to have him killed since she cannot have him. She threatens to leave Gunnar if he does not kill Sigurd, and he agrees. Once

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to ask for Brunhild's hand in marriage. Brunhild lives on a mountain called Hindarfjall, where she is surrounded by a wall of flame. Atli tells them that Brunhild will only marry a man who rides through the flame. Gunnar is unable to do this, and Sigurd switches shapes with him, riding through the

595:, Brunhild briefly appears while Gudrun mourns the death of Sigurd. Brunhild defends herself against the accusation that she is responsible for Sigurd's death and accuses her brother Atli of responsibility. In a prose section at the close of the poem, Brunhild commits suicide with several slaves. 992:

is usually taken to parodic, and includes the detail that she says that she is afraid of Gunther's strength, whereupon Rüdiger reminds her of her own violent past. That Brunhild has given Etzel's most important hero, Rüdiger, a lance to fight against the Burgundians, without however, any of them

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E 101), Sigurd wins Brunhild on the "glass mountain" and then gives her to his friend Hagen. One day, Brunhild fights with Sigurd's wife Signild, and Signild shows Brunhild a ring that Brunhild had given Sigurd as a love gift. Brynhild then tells Hagen to kill Sigurd, and Hagen does this by

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Eventually, Sigurd comes and awakens Brunhild. She makes foreboding prophecies and imparts wisdom to him. The two promise to marry each other. After this, Brunhild returns to Heimir. One day while Sigurd is hunting, his hawk flies up and lands at the window of the tower where Brunhild is living.

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quarrel while washing their hair in the river. Brunhild says that she does not want the water that passes through Gudrun's hair to touch her own, because her husband Gunnar is braver. Gudrun replies with Sigurd's deeds of killing the dragon, but Brunhild says that only Gunnar had dared to ride

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Later, Sigurd, who has gone to the court of the Burgundians (called Niflungs), advises Gunnar (Gunther) to marry Brunhild, and the two go to see her. She is angered that Sigurd has not kept his promise to marry only her—something which was not mentioned in their previous encounter—but Sigurd

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After Sigurd kills the dragon Fafnir, he rides up to a house on a mountain, inside of which he finds a woman sleeping wearing armor. He cuts the armor from her, and she wakes up, and says that she was a valkyrie named Hild, but called Brunhild. Sigurd then rides away.

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After this point, Brunhild plays no further role in the story. She is shown to be glad at Kriemhild's suffering, and to continue to hold a grudge against her much later in the text. Her disappearance in the second half of the epic may reflect the sources of the

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may attest to the awakening story in Germany, but it is more likely that this name refers to the historical queen Brunhilda of Austrasia. The superhuman powers Brunhild displays in both traditions may simply be a narrative way to make her an equal to Sigurd.

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Brunhild became a more important character in Germany with the introduction of the Norse material to a German audience. The Norse versions of the material were seen as more "original" and "Germanic", and were thus often preferred to the courtly

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shown to be greatly saddened by Gunther's death. She calls together all the nobles of the realm to decide on a course of action. Following a period of mourning, Brunhild and Gunther's son Siegfried is crowned as the new king of the Burgundians.

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According to the saga, Brunhild is the daughter of Budli and the sister of Atli. She is raised at a place called Hlymdalir by her King Heimir, who is married to her sister Bekkhild. At Hlymdalir she is known as "Hild under the helmet"

791:). It has been suggested that this may show knowledge of Norse traditions about Brunhild. In general, the literature that attests the continental tradition shows far less interest in Brunhild than the surviving Scandinavian material. 576:

is only preserved fragmentarily: the surviving part of the poem tells the story of Sigurd's murder. Brunhild has evidently accused Sigurd of having slept with her, and this has caused Gunnar and Högni to have their half-brother

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Theodore M. Andersson and Hans Kuhn have both argued that Brunhild's suicide is a later development in the tradition, possibly modeled after the presumed original death of Gudrun/Kriemhild in the burning of Atli/Etzel's hall.

783:(c. 1200) represents the first attestation of Brunhild in either the continental or Scandinavian traditions. The German Brunhild was nevertheless still associated with Scandinavia, as shown by her kingdom being located on 625: 963:

persuades her to marry Gunnar. She nevertheless refuses to consummate the marriage on the wedding night, and Sigurd must take Gunther's place (and shape) to take her virginity for Gunnar, which robs her of her strength.

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Common to all versions of the wooing is that Sigurd takes Gunther's place in the marriage bed in one way or another using deception and strength, which later provides part of Brunhild's motivation to have him killed.

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Brunhild lived on as a character in several late medieval and early modern Scandinavian ballads. These often have sources both from the Scandinavian tradition and from the continental tradition, either via the

1159:; early reception of the poem, however, largely focused on the figure of Kriemhild rather than Brunhild. In Scandinavia, the so-called "Scandinavian Renaissance" meant that traditions of Brunhild from the 981:(c. 1250), a parody of sorts of the heroic world, Brunhild is shown to be concerned with avoiding loss of life in the war between the Burgundians and the heroes of the Dietrich von Bern cycle. She gives 615:

Although the title indicates the poem is about Sigurd, the majority of the poem is actually concerned with Brunhild, who justifies her actions. The song is generally thought to be a recent composition.

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two, as she is the main character in the surviving Eddic poems. He argues that only later did Sigurd come to be regarded as the more significant figure, as he acquired more stories beyond his murder.

3776: 864:) to aid Gunther during the challenges, while Gunther will simply pretend to accomplish them himself. He and Gunther agree that Siegfried will claim to be Gunther's vassal during the wooing. 422:

is the earliest attestation of the Scandinavian version of Brunhild's life, dating to around 1220. Snorri tells the story of Brunhild in several chapters of the section of the poem called

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strongly hints that the two already know each other. Brunhild's original motivation for having Sigurd killed seems to have been her public dishonor, the only motivation observable in the

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captured and killed her. If this theory is correct, then Brunhild has essentially taken the role of Fredegund in the Nibelungen story while maintaining Brunhilda of Austrasia's name.

3559: 4058: 1086:); scholars generally see this as recent development of the saga. The familial connection to Atli provides an additional motivation for Atli's enmity for the Burgundians. 1098:

Though it is only attested in the Norse tradition, it seems likely that the German Siegfried also had prior involvement with Brunhild before he wooed her for Gunther—the

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The condition that Sigrdrífa will only marry a man without fear is the same as Brunhild will later make, perhaps pointing to the two figures originally being identical.

948:. Therefore, it is included here. The saga-author can nonetheless be shown to have changed some details to accord with Scandinavian traditions, of which he was aware. 837:(iron-land), and it is possible that this is the original form, with the association with Iceland being secondary. Her kingdom is twelve days journey by boat from the 751: 672:

fairly closely, although there is no indication that the author knew the other text. The author appears to have been working in Norway and to have known the

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Voorwinden, Norbert (2002). "Brünhilds Schicksal - oder: Was machen Autoren und Regisseure im 20. Jahrhundert mit Brünhild?". In Zatloukal, Klaus (ed.).

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Heimir. Theodore Andersson writes that "the family looks like a late speculative attempt to domesticate in the style of other heroic stories."

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Brunhild proposes the creation of a wall of fire around her hall to her father Budli in order to challenge Sigurd; Faroese postal stamp from 1998

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blames Fredegund for Sigebert's murder in 575, after which Fredegund and Brunhild carried on a feud that lasted until 613, when Chilperic's son

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Das Nibelungenlied und die Klage. Nach der Handschrift 857 der Stiftsbibliothek St. Gallen. Mittelhochdeutscher Text, Übersetzung und Kommentar

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first borrowing Sigurd's sword then killing him with it. He then shows Brunhild Sigurd's head and kills her too when she offers him her love.

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who then demanded she marry. She refused and said she would only marry a man without fear. She proceeds to teach Sigurd wisdom and the runes.

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makes Brunhild into a major character, closer in line to the Old Norse sources, but Wagner occasionally took elements from the continental

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remained somewhat more current and even influenced the Scandinavian ballad tradition to some degree, in which Brunhild also played a role.

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The majority of modern treatments of the figure in comic books, video games, etc. do not engage directly with the medieval sources.

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McKinnell, John (2014). "Female Reactions to the Death of Sigurðr". In McKinnell, John; Kick, Donata; Shafer, John D. (eds.).

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The most popular theory about the origins of the legendary Brunhild is that she originates from two historical figures of the

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tells the fullest version of Brunhild's life in the Scandinavian tradition, explaining many unclear references found in the

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kill Sigurd. Once Sigurd has been murdered, Brunhild rejoices before admitting to Gunnar that Sigurd never slept with her.

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version D (after 1250), Brunhild is mentioned as among the spectators watching the tournament in Kriemhild's rose garden.

5198: 4253: 3803: 1226:, but also features some elements taken from the Norse tradition, namely her relationship to Siegfried and her suicide. 542:, Sigurd understands the birds who tell him to go to a palace where the valkyrie Sigrdrífa sleeps surrounded by flames. 686: 171:. In both traditions, the immediate cause for her desire to have Siegfried murdered is a quarrel with the hero's wife, 159:, she is a powerful Amazon-like queen. In both traditions, she is instrumental in bringing about the death of the hero 5223: 5213: 5203: 5115: 3046:

Quinn, Judy (2015). "Scenes of vindication. Three Icelandic heroic poems in relation to the continental traditions of

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Catalogue of Persons Named in German Heroic Literature, 700-1600: Including Named Animals and Objects and Ethnic Names

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Sigurd. Budli tries unsuccessfully to change his daughter's mind; once Sigurd is dead, Brunhild collapses in grief.

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The dialogue between Brunhild and Gudrun is characterized by immense hostility, and Brunhild is portrayed as evil.

52: 3261: 1200:, deriving the -e ending from the dative of the Middle High German female given name "Hilt" and likely respelling 488:

so that reliable dating is impossible. Much of the Brunhild material is taken to have a relatively recent origin.

5183: 4950: 3875: 982: 893:, but it also suggests a lack of interest in the character when she is no longer directly relevant to the story. 747: 4719: 4112: 282:

In the context of the heroic tradition, the first element of her name may be connected to Brunhild's role as a

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It is generally taken to be a late poem that was written on the basis of the other poems about Sigurd's life.

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Given the close similarity of Brunhild's awakening in the Scandinavian tradition to the common fairy tale of

4831: 3960: 3796: 3529: 3189: 406:. The Scandinavian tradition about Brunhild shows knowledge of the continental Germanic traditions as well. 196: 684:

is dated to sometime in the second half of the thirteenth century. The saga is connected to a second saga,

201:. The majority of modern conceptions of the figure have been inspired or influenced by Wagner's depiction. 5073: 4733: 3213: 3157: 1038:, some scholars dismiss it as without basis in the original tradition. The existence of a mountain called 387: 333: 270: 125: 117: 151:

treating the same events. In the continental Germanic tradition, where she is a central character in the

5122: 4929: 4691: 3942: 3762: 977: 940:(c. 1250) is written in Old Norse, the majority of the material is translated from German (particularly 857: 445: 4023: 3988: 3366: 638: 5013: 4887: 4852: 4768: 4761: 4747: 3935: 3870: 3541: 1062:

when Siegfried rescues Kriemhild. The feats of strength that Brunhild's suitors must complete in the

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strength. As a trophy, Siegfried takes Brunhild's ring and belt, which he later gives to Kriemhild.

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Brunhild is introduced to the story when word of her immense beauty reaches Worms one day, and King

5020: 4992: 4652: 4414: 3471: 3402: 1188: 1179:, Brunhild comes to symbolize a heathen past that must be overcome by Christianity, represented by 1148: 392: 329: 5228: 5027: 4943: 4859: 4845: 3604: 3451: 3182: 2953: 1119: 518: 82: 4379: 4232: 3380: 1118:, is likely a later development of the Norse tradition and is possibly inspired by the story of 552: 64: 5188: 5055: 4999: 4866: 4726: 4344: 3981: 3860: 3749: 3743: 3097: 3078: 3059: 2997: 2970: 2943: 2924: 2905: 2882: 2863: 2836: 2817: 2798: 2779: 2758: 2723: 1180: 936: 179:

tradition, but not in the continental tradition, Brunhild kills herself after Sigurd's death.

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A less widely accepted theory locates the origins of the Brunhild figure in the story of the

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and Brunhild as two different women. It also seems to identify Sigrdrífa with the valkyrie

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6. Pöchlarner Heldenliedgespräch: 800 Jahre Nibelungenlied: Rückblick, Einblick, Ausblick

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Gentry, Francis G.; McConnell, Winder; Müller, Ulrich; Wunderlich, Werner, eds. (2011) .

534: 498: 42: 5161: 5101: 5094: 5080: 4964: 4817: 4803: 4540: 4498: 4295: 4169: 4015: 3997: 3974: 3845: 3820: 3769: 3599: 2897: 2737: 1218: 1143: 882: 842: 691: 643: 182: 154: 3326: 5177: 5108: 4985: 4978: 4936: 4435: 4421: 3967: 3535: 3417: 3373: 3152: 759: 3352: 402:, with traditions about her firmly attested around 1220 with the composition of the 5048: 5034: 4922: 4666: 4575: 4288: 2957: 283: 132: 31: 4211: 3685: 3644: 3251: 2773: 4915: 4659: 4589: 4582: 4561: 4505: 4442: 4351: 4302: 3914: 3716: 3522: 3422: 3236: 2833:

Heroic legends of the North: an introduction to the Nibelung and Dietrich cycles

2003: 2001: 1349: 1347: 1345: 1343: 1155:

Modern reception of Brunhild in Germany begins with the 1755 rediscovery of the

955:, Brunhild is the daughter of king Heimir and lives in the castle of Saegard in 838: 676:(c. 1250), a translation of continental Germanic traditions into Old Norse (see 480: 399: 361: 353: 269:(conflict). The name is first attested in the sixth century, for the historical 176: 164: 148: 1315: 1313: 1311: 1309: 1307: 944:) oral tales, as well as possibly some from German written sources such as the 885:, who justifies his action with the sorrow that Siegfried has caused Brunhild. 316:

and can be translated as "driver to victory". It could simply be a synonym for

4838: 4796: 4754: 4603: 4568: 4519: 4512: 4484: 4400: 4393: 4358: 4330: 4246: 4239: 4204: 4077: 3865: 3721: 3654: 1213: 941: 578: 454: 450: 415: 368: 345: 4880: 4638: 4428: 4183: 3649: 1422:, pp. 29, 45, 48–53, 66, 68, 71, 101, 121, 126–127, 146, 191, 214, 216. 853: 349: 337: 121: 3675: 3301: 3241: 510: 3132: 1139: 391:

Sigrdrífa giving Sigurd a drinking horn; illustration on the 11th-century

17: 4894: 4810: 4645: 4610: 4470: 4372: 4365: 4309: 4225: 4218: 4197: 4176: 4162: 3885: 3880: 3609: 3432: 3427: 3316: 3281: 3205: 767: 317: 136: 90: 3112: 3025: 3012: 2858:: Wagner's Ambiguous Relationship to a Source". In Fugelso, Karl (ed.). 2741: 204:

Brunhild has been called "the paramount figure of Germanic legend." The

4782: 4547: 4526: 4477: 4463: 4407: 4316: 4190: 3850: 3670: 3629: 3619: 3594: 3584: 3510: 3296: 3286: 2996:. Translated by Larrington, Carolyne. Oxford: Oxford University. 2014. 997:

also makes no mention of the hostility between Kriemhild and Brunhild.

849: 788: 376: 168: 5129: 5041: 4971: 4901: 4789: 4698: 4596: 4456: 4386: 4337: 3890: 3840: 3835: 3639: 3589: 3574: 3321: 3221: 1196:

or invented them himself. Wagner refers to his Brunhild character as

1083: 1043: 1009:

Brunhild is nevertheless first attested as a legendary figure in the

956: 695: 539: 466: 438: 426:. His presentation of the story is very similar to that found in the 372: 341: 172: 160: 3695: 3463: 3397: 274: 264: 258: 505:

The poem appears to distinguish between Sigrdrífa in the following

4740: 4617: 4274: 4104: 3700: 3680: 3634: 3614: 3407: 3311: 3276: 3266: 3256: 3246: 3151:

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the

1138: 1013:(c. 1200), with earlier attested placenames derived from the name 993:

dying, likely had a strong parodic effect on the poem's audience.

809: 798: 725: 624: 623: 386: 58: 3788: 3690: 3624: 3412: 3041:. Translated by Byock, Jesse L. New York, London: Penguin Books. 1110:. Her motivation as a scorned lover, which is introduced in the 642:, Brunhild's corpse is burned and she begins her journey to the 557: 304:

is identified with Brunhild. This name consists of the elements

4108: 3792: 3467: 3178: 2677: 2653: 2521: 2446: 2370: 2368: 2233: 2086: 2007: 1491: 1443: 1353: 1319: 1082:

In the Scandinavian tradition, Brunhild is the sister of Atli (

845:, marking her as living outside the bounds of courtly society. 3231: 3119:. Vol. 28. New York/Berlin: de Gruyter. pp. 424–426. 3032:. Vol. 14. New York/Berlin: de Gruyter. pp. 341–342. 3019:. Vol. 13. New York/Berlin: de Gruyter. pp. 149–153. 650:

as a victim and she achieves a sort of apotheosis at the end.

212: 3115:. In Beck, Heinrich; Geuenich, Dieter; Steuer, Heiko (eds.). 3028:. In Beck, Heinrich; Geuenich, Dieter; Steuer, Heiko (eds.). 3015:. In Beck, Heinrich; Geuenich, Dieter; Steuer, Heiko (eds.). 2256: 2254: 1364: 1362: 833:(iron-stone). Some manuscripts spell the name of her kingdom 235:

She was exceedingly beautiful and great in physical strength.

3777:

The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs

3174: 1928: 1926: 1886: 1884: 1835: 1833: 1784: 1782: 237:

She shot the shaft with bold knights – love was the prize.

375:. Uraias's wife insulted the wife of the Ostrogothic king 30:

This article is about the valkyrie. For the asteroid, see

2331: 2329: 1294: 1292: 1279: 1277: 2217: 2215: 2058: 2056: 2054: 2052: 1901: 1899: 1634: 1632: 1403: 1401: 254:

in its various forms is derived from the equivalents of

2469: 2467: 1757: 1755: 2902:

Die dänischen Nibelungenballaden: Texte und Kommentare

1330: 1328: 1001:

Theories about the development of the Brunhild figure

825:, Brunhild is first presented as the ruling queen of 2942:. Toronto: University of Toronto. pp. 249–267. 224:

si schôz mit snellen degenen umbe minne den schaft.

5146: 5065: 4676: 4154: 4069: 4059:

Das Nibelungenlied: Ein Heldenepos in 39 Abenteuern

4050: 4007: 3952: 3899: 3828: 3735: 3709: 3663: 3567: 3502: 3390: 3344: 3212: 3056:Medieval Nordic Literature in its European Context 1146:, the first singer to play Brünnhilde in Wagner's 437:Later, Sigurd brings Gunnar to Brunhild's brother 538:, once Sigurd has tasted the blood of the dragon 222:diu was unmâzen schoene. vil michel was ir kraft. 1222:. Here, she is largely based on her role in the 775:Continental Germanic traditions and attestations 690:, which follows it in the manuscript, by having 379:, and the king's wife then had Uraias murdered. 1017:most likely referring to the historical queen. 872:and is only able to subdue Brunhild due to the 311: 305: 299: 293: 287: 140: 4120: 3804: 3479: 3190: 2862:. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer. pp. 218–246. 2831:Haymes, Edward R.; Samples, Susan T. (1996). 2497: 2374: 2245: 1932: 1875: 1551: 1539: 1455: 1368: 8: 2755:The Nibelungenlied. The Lay of the Nibelungs 814:The quarrel between Brunhild and Kriemhild; 205: 194: 193:) an important character in his opera cycle 187: 152: 111: 3170:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). p. 684. 3117:Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde 3030:Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde 3017:Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde 231:There was a queen who resided over the sea, 4127: 4113: 4105: 3811: 3797: 3789: 3486: 3472: 3464: 3197: 3183: 3175: 2689: 2386: 1812: 1710: 1698: 1662: 1650: 1611: 1599: 430:(see below), but is considerably shorter. 3096:. Vienna: Fassbaender. pp. 179–196. 3058:. Oslo: Dreyers Forlag. pp. 78–125. 2967:Germanische Heldendichtung im Mittelalter 2775:The Nibelungen Tradition. An Encyclopedia 2617: 2581: 2533: 2422: 2359: 2260: 2146: 1980: 1968: 1956: 1944: 1917: 1890: 1839: 1800: 1788: 1722: 1503: 1479: 1467: 1419: 1298: 1283: 1244: 139:, who appears as a main character in the 1208:to make the connection to modern German 1078:Relationship to Atli (Attila) and family 444: 383:Scandinavian traditions and attestations 352:, who was married to Sigebert's brother 163:after he deceives her into marrying the 2701: 2629: 2545: 2335: 2308: 2158: 2134: 2122: 2110: 2062: 2043: 2019: 1380: 1268: 1256: 1237: 1186:Richard Wagner's four-part opera cycle 220:ir gelîche enheine man wesse ninder mê. 2881:. Berlin: Deutscher Klassiker Verlag. 2665: 2641: 2605: 2593: 2569: 2557: 2485: 2473: 2458: 2434: 2410: 2398: 2347: 2320: 2272: 2221: 2206: 2194: 2182: 2170: 2098: 2074: 2031: 1905: 1863: 1851: 1773: 1746: 1734: 1686: 1674: 1638: 1587: 1563: 1527: 1515: 1431: 1407: 1392: 1334: 218:Ez was ein küneginne gesezzen über sê. 131:In the Norse tradition, Brunhild is a 89: 2509: 2296: 2284: 1992: 1824: 1761: 1623: 1575: 907:(c. 1200) is a sort of sequel to the 7: 2988:(3 ed.). Berlin: Erich Schmidt. 1021:Identity as a valkyrie and awakening 34:. For the novel by H. G. Wells, see 2812:Haymes, Edward R. (trans.) (1988). 2757:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 698:, daughter of Sigurd and Brynhild. 668:. It follows the plot given in the 233:Whose like no one knew of anywhere. 2722:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University. 120:. She may have her origins in the 25: 5244:Heroes in Norse myths and legends 2778:. New York, Abingdon: Routledge. 2746:Germanische Altertumskunde Online 1056:somewhat similar scene occurs in 739:or directly from German sources. 398:Brunhild was a popular figure in 4846:Johann Peter Petri (Black Peter) 3558: 3446: 3445: 3335: 3144: 3131: 2994:The Poetic Edda: Revised Edition 2969:. Berlin, New York: de Gruyter. 2753:Edwards, Cyril (trans.) (2010). 852:decides he wishes to marry her. 677: 513:from the preceding poems in the 3756:The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún 3039:The Prose Edda: Norse Mythology 2718:Andersson, Theodore M. (1980). 2877:Heinzle, Joachim, ed. (2013). 2740:; Preißler, Katharina (2015). 465:Some time later, Brunhild and 116:), is a female character from 1: 4040:Dark Kingdom: The Dragon King 2921:Mittelhochdeutsche Heldenepik 2797:. Oxford: Oxford University. 2793:Gillespie, George T. (1973). 2748:. Berlin, Boston: de Gruyter. 829:(Iceland) from her castle of 4254:Companions of Saint Nicholas 1114:and reaches its apex in the 27:Character in Norse mythology 5116:Hirschsprung (Black Forest) 2919:Lienert, Elisabeth (2015). 2850:Haymes, Edward R. (2009). " 2814:The Saga of Thidrek of Bern 1059:Das Lied vom Hürnen Seyfrid 803:Brunhild arrives in Worms. 5265: 5194:Queens consort of Burgundy 5088:Volksmärchen der Deutschen 4923:Peter Nikoll (Black Peter) 3054:". In Mundal, Else (ed.). 3037:Sturluson, Snorri (2005). 3024:Sprenger, Ulrike (1999b). 3011:Sprenger, Ulrike (1999a). 210:introduces her by saying: 53:Brunhilda (disambiguation) 50: 29: 4147:German-speaking countries 4142: 3556: 3441: 3333: 3111:Würth, Stephanie (2005). 2984:Müller, Jan-Dirk (2009). 2923:. Berlin: Erich Schmidt. 2498:Haymes & Samples 1996 2375:Haymes & Samples 1996 2246:Haymes & Samples 1996 2137:, pp. 1, 353–1, 354. 1933:Böldl & Preißler 2015 1876:Haymes & Samples 1996 1552:Haymes & Samples 1996 1540:Haymes & Samples 1996 1456:Haymes & Samples 1996 1369:Haymes & Samples 1996 340:princess who married the 216: 4720:Christman Genipperteinga 4086:The Ring of the Nibelung 4078:The Ring of the Nibelung 1112:Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 1042:(Brunhild's bed) in the 608:Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 602:Sigurðarkviða hin skamma 449:French operatic soprano 5249:Legendary German people 5239:Mythological princesses 5234:Der Ring des Nibelungen 5219:Germanic women warriors 5066:Legends and fairy tales 4874:Kunigunde von Orlamünde 4832:Heinrich von Winkelried 3961:Der Ring des Nibelungen 3929:Lied vom Hürnen Seyfrid 3167:Encyclopædia Britannica 3158:Phillips, Walter Alison 2965:Millet, Victor (2008). 2904:. Göppingen: Kümmerle. 2860:Defining medievalism(s) 275: 265: 259: 197:Der Ring des Nibelungen 99: 86: 4951:Rüdiger von Bechelaren 4734:Eppelein von Gailingen 3077:. Stuttgart: Metzler. 3075:Germanische Heldensage 3073:Uecker, Heiko (1972). 2940:Essays on Eddic Poetry 2720:The Legend of Brynhild 2209:, pp. xxvii–xxix. 1175:'s three-part tragedy 1152: 1094:Relationship to Sigurd 983:Rüdiger von Bechelaren 818: 807: 731: 687:Ragnars saga Loðbrókar 633: 462: 395: 334:Brunhilda of Austrasia 312: 306: 300: 294: 288: 271:Brunhilda of Austrasia 229: 206: 195: 188: 153: 141: 126:Brunhilda of Austrasia 118:Germanic heroic legend 112: 107: 91:[ˈbrynˌhildz̠] 67: 63:"Brunnhild" (1897) by 5123:Venusberg (mythology) 4930:Pied Piper of Hamelin 4776:Götz von Berlichingen 4692:Arnold von Winkelried 3943:Biterolf und Dietleib 3763:The Lord of the Rings 3345:Poems about valkyries 3307:Skögul and Geirskögul 2835:. New York: Garland. 2816:. New York: Garland. 1142: 1108:Brot af Sigurðarkviðu 978:Biterolf und Dietleib 971:Biterolf und Dietleib 858:cloak of invisibility 813: 802: 742:In the Danish ballad 729: 627: 573:Brot af Sigurðarkviðu 567:Brot af Sigurðarkviðu 455:Théâtre de La Monnaie 448: 390: 356:. Frankish historian 62: 5209:Germanic given names 5014:Walram of Thierstein 4888:Matthias Klostermayr 4769:Giselher of Burgundy 4762:Genevieve of Brabant 4748:Frederick Barbarossa 3936:Rosengarten zu Worms 3214:Individual valkyries 3140:at Wikimedia Commons 3048:Þiðreks saga af Bern 3026:"Helreið Brynhildar" 2852:Ring of the Nibelung 1614:, p. 301 n. 15. 1602:, p. 301 n. 27. 1040:lectulus Brunihildae 1026:she was a valkyrie. 923:Rosengarten zu Worms 916:Rosengarten zu Worms 636:At the beginning of 286:. In the Eddic poem 41:. For the ship, see 5199:Mythological queens 5074:Grimms' Fairy Tales 5021:Walter of Aquitaine 4993:The Smith of Kochel 3403:Matres and Matronae 2958:10.3138/j.ctt6wrf94 2692:, pp. 198–201. 2656:, pp. 282–283. 2596:, pp. 179–182. 2584:, pp. 240–241. 2323:, pp. 373–374. 2197:, pp. 271–272. 2185:, pp. 270–273. 2101:, pp. 182–183. 2089:, pp. 116–117. 1920:, pp. 237–238. 1815:, p. 307 n. 8. 1737:, pp. 297–298. 1677:, pp. 296–297. 1590:, pp. 295–296. 1518:, pp. 303–304. 1189:Ring des Nibelungen 1149:Ring des Nibelungen 1029:On the other hand, 988:Brunhild's role in 816:Hundeshagener Kodex 805:Hundeshagener Kodex 330:Merovingian dynasty 173:Gudrun or Kriemhild 161:Sigurd or Siegfried 124:princess and queen 5224:Nibelung tradition 5214:Germanic mythology 5204:Legendary Norsemen 5028:Werner Stauffacher 4944:Punker of Rohrbach 4860:Knight of the Swan 4024:The Dragon's Blood 3605:Helgi Hundingsbane 3052:the Nibelungenlied 2986:Das Nibelungenlied 2678:Gentry et al. 2011 2654:Gentry et al. 2011 2522:Gentry et al. 2011 2447:Gentry et al. 2011 2425:, p. 16 n. 2. 2234:Gentry et al. 2011 2087:Gentry et al. 2011 2008:Gentry et al. 2011 1506:, pp. 99–100. 1492:Gentry et al. 2011 1444:Gentry et al. 2011 1354:Gentry et al. 2011 1320:Gentry et al. 2011 1153: 1120:Tristan and Iseult 819: 808: 758:A ballad from the 732: 680:). Therefore, the 678:§ Þiðrekssaga 639:Helreið Brynhildar 634: 630:Helreið Brynhildar 620:Helreið Brynhildar 519:Helgi Hundingsbane 463: 396: 289:Helreið Brynhildar 185:made Brunhild (as 96:Middle High German 68: 5171: 5170: 5056:Xaver Hohenleiter 5000:Till Eulenspiegel 4867:Konrad Baumgarten 4853:Klaus Störtebeker 4727:Dietrich von Bern 4345:Feuermann (ghost) 4102: 4101: 3861:Dietrich von Bern 3786: 3785: 3750:Hagbard and Signy 3530:Norna-Gests þáttr 3461: 3460: 3262:Hlaðguðr svanhvít 3136:Media related to 3065:978-82-8265-072-4 3003:978-0-19-967534-0 2976:978-3-11-020102-4 2930:978-3-503-15573-6 2896:Holzapfel, Otto ( 2888:978-3-618-66120-7 2785:978-0-8153-1785-2 2764:978-0-19-923854-5 2620:, pp. 24–25. 2524:, pp. 58–59. 2362:, pp. 78–80. 2263:, pp. 15–16. 2113:, pp. 40–41. 1983:, pp. 63–65. 1971:, pp. 28–29. 1578:, pp. 81–82. 1181:Dietrich von Bern 951:According to the 764:Brynhildar táttur 744:Sivard og Brynild 243: 242: 169:Gunther or Gunnar 16:(Redirected from 5256: 5164: 5157: 5139: 5132: 5125: 5118: 5111: 5104: 5097: 5090: 5083: 5076: 5058: 5051: 5044: 5037: 5030: 5023: 5016: 5009: 5007:Volker von Alzey 5002: 4995: 4988: 4981: 4974: 4967: 4960: 4953: 4946: 4939: 4932: 4925: 4918: 4911: 4909:Otto the Younger 4904: 4897: 4890: 4883: 4876: 4869: 4862: 4855: 4848: 4841: 4834: 4827: 4820: 4813: 4806: 4799: 4792: 4785: 4778: 4771: 4764: 4757: 4750: 4743: 4736: 4729: 4722: 4715: 4708: 4706:Baron Munchausen 4701: 4694: 4687: 4685:Albrecht Gessler 4669: 4662: 4655: 4653:Will-o'-the-wisp 4648: 4641: 4634: 4627: 4620: 4613: 4606: 4599: 4592: 4585: 4578: 4571: 4564: 4557: 4550: 4543: 4536: 4534:Nixie (folklore) 4529: 4522: 4515: 4508: 4501: 4494: 4487: 4480: 4473: 4466: 4459: 4452: 4445: 4438: 4431: 4424: 4417: 4415:Jack o' the bowl 4410: 4403: 4396: 4389: 4382: 4375: 4368: 4361: 4354: 4347: 4340: 4333: 4326: 4319: 4312: 4305: 4298: 4291: 4284: 4282:Dwarf (folklore) 4277: 4270: 4268:Drak (mythology) 4263: 4256: 4249: 4242: 4235: 4228: 4221: 4214: 4207: 4200: 4193: 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1,138. 2017: 2011: 2005: 1996: 1990: 1984: 1978: 1972: 1966: 1960: 1954: 1948: 1942: 1936: 1930: 1921: 1915: 1909: 1903: 1894: 1888: 1879: 1873: 1867: 1861: 1855: 1849: 1843: 1837: 1828: 1822: 1816: 1810: 1804: 1798: 1792: 1786: 1777: 1771: 1765: 1759: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1732: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1708: 1702: 1696: 1690: 1684: 1678: 1672: 1666: 1660: 1654: 1648: 1642: 1636: 1627: 1621: 1615: 1609: 1603: 1597: 1591: 1585: 1579: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1501: 1495: 1489: 1483: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1459: 1453: 1447: 1441: 1435: 1429: 1423: 1417: 1411: 1405: 1396: 1390: 1384: 1378: 1372: 1366: 1357: 1351: 1338: 1332: 1323: 1317: 1302: 1296: 1287: 1281: 1272: 1266: 1260: 1254: 1248: 1242: 1173:Friedrich Hebbel 704:Hildr und hjálmi 628:Illustration of 420:Snorri Sturluson 393:Drävle Runestone 358:Gregory of Tours 315: 309: 303: 297: 291: 278: 268: 262: 213: 209: 200: 191: 158: 146: 115: 93: 73:, also known as 21: 5264: 5263: 5259: 5258: 5257: 5255: 5254: 5253: 5174: 5173: 5172: 5167: 5160: 5155:German folklore 5153: 5142: 5137:Walpurgis Night 5135: 5128: 5121: 5114: 5107: 5100: 5093: 5086: 5079: 5072: 5061: 5054: 5047: 5040: 5033: 5026: 5019: 5012: 5005: 4998: 4991: 4984: 4977: 4970: 4963: 4956: 4949: 4942: 4935: 4928: 4921: 4914: 4907: 4900: 4893: 4886: 4879: 4872: 4865: 4858: 4851: 4844: 4837: 4830: 4825:Hans von Trotha 4823: 4816: 4809: 4802: 4795: 4788: 4781: 4774: 4767: 4760: 4753: 4746: 4739: 4732: 4725: 4718: 4711: 4704: 4697: 4690: 4683: 4672: 4665: 4658: 4651: 4644: 4637: 4630: 4623: 4616: 4609: 4602: 4595: 4588: 4581: 4574: 4567: 4560: 4553: 4546: 4539: 4532: 4525: 4518: 4511: 4504: 4497: 4492:Mare (folklore) 4490: 4483: 4476: 4469: 4462: 4455: 4450:Knecht Ruprecht 4448: 4441: 4434: 4427: 4420: 4413: 4406: 4399: 4392: 4385: 4380:Heinzelmännchen 4378: 4371: 4364: 4357: 4350: 4343: 4336: 4329: 4322: 4315: 4308: 4301: 4294: 4287: 4280: 4273: 4266: 4259: 4252: 4245: 4238: 4233:Buschgroßmutter 4231: 4224: 4217: 4210: 4203: 4196: 4189: 4182: 4175: 4168: 4161: 4150: 4138: 4136:German folklore 4133: 4103: 4098: 4065: 4046: 4003: 3989:Götterdämmerung 3948: 3908:Nibelungenklage 3895: 3824: 3817: 3787: 3782: 3731: 3705: 3659: 3563: 3554: 3517:Heysham hogback 3498: 3492: 3462: 3457: 3437: 3386: 3340: 3331: 3208: 3203: 3156: 3145: 3143: 3128: 3123: 3110: 3104: 3091: 3085: 3072: 3066: 3045: 3036: 3023: 3010: 3004: 2992: 2983: 2977: 2964: 2950: 2937: 2931: 2918: 2912: 2900:), ed. (1974). 2895: 2889: 2876: 2870: 2849: 2843: 2830: 2824: 2811: 2805: 2792: 2786: 2771: 2765: 2752: 2736: 2730: 2717: 2713: 2708: 2700: 2696: 2690:Voorwinden 2002 2688: 2684: 2680:, pp. 222. 2676: 2672: 2664: 2660: 2652: 2648: 2640: 2636: 2628: 2624: 2616: 2612: 2604: 2600: 2592: 2588: 2580: 2576: 2568: 2564: 2556: 2552: 2544: 2540: 2532: 2528: 2520: 2516: 2508: 2504: 2496: 2492: 2484: 2480: 2472: 2465: 2457: 2453: 2445: 2441: 2433: 2429: 2421: 2417: 2409: 2405: 2397: 2393: 2387:Larrington 2014 2385: 2381: 2373: 2366: 2358: 2354: 2346: 2342: 2334: 2327: 2319: 2315: 2307: 2303: 2295: 2291: 2283: 2279: 2271: 2267: 2259: 2252: 2244: 2240: 2232: 2228: 2220: 2213: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2181: 2177: 2169: 2165: 2157: 2153: 2145: 2141: 2133: 2129: 2121: 2117: 2109: 2105: 2097: 2093: 2085: 2081: 2073: 2069: 2061: 2050: 2042: 2038: 2030: 2026: 2018: 2014: 2006: 1999: 1991: 1987: 1979: 1975: 1967: 1963: 1955: 1951: 1943: 1939: 1931: 1924: 1916: 1912: 1904: 1897: 1889: 1882: 1874: 1870: 1862: 1858: 1850: 1846: 1838: 1831: 1823: 1819: 1813:Larrington 2014 1811: 1807: 1799: 1795: 1787: 1780: 1772: 1768: 1760: 1753: 1745: 1741: 1733: 1729: 1721: 1717: 1711:Larrington 2014 1709: 1705: 1699:Larrington 2014 1697: 1693: 1685: 1681: 1673: 1669: 1663:Larrington 2014 1661: 1657: 1651:Larrington 2014 1649: 1645: 1637: 1630: 1622: 1618: 1612:Larrington 2014 1610: 1606: 1600:Larrington 2014 1598: 1594: 1586: 1582: 1574: 1570: 1562: 1558: 1550: 1546: 1538: 1534: 1526: 1522: 1514: 1510: 1502: 1498: 1490: 1486: 1478: 1474: 1466: 1462: 1454: 1450: 1442: 1438: 1430: 1426: 1418: 1414: 1406: 1399: 1391: 1387: 1379: 1375: 1367: 1360: 1352: 1341: 1333: 1326: 1318: 1305: 1297: 1290: 1282: 1275: 1267: 1263: 1255: 1251: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1137: 1128: 1096: 1080: 1053: 1036:Sleeping Beauty 1023: 1003: 973: 932: 918: 904:Nibelungenklage 899: 897:Nibelungenklage 797: 777: 724: 656: 622: 604: 592:Guðrúnarkviða I 587: 585:Guðrúnarkviða I 569: 548: 530: 494: 476: 453:as Brunhild at 424:Skáldskaparsmál 412: 385: 326: 292:, the valkyrie 256:Old High German 248: 239: 236: 234: 232: 226: 223: 221: 219: 65:Gaston Bussière 55: 49: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5262: 5260: 5252: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5226: 5221: 5216: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5191: 5186: 5176: 5175: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5162:Swiss folklore 5158: 5150: 5148: 5144: 5143: 5141: 5140: 5133: 5126: 5119: 5112: 5105: 5102:Nibelungenlied 5098: 5095:Gespensterbuch 5091: 5084: 5081:Deutsche Sagen 5077: 5069: 5067: 5063: 5062: 5060: 5059: 5052: 5045: 5038: 5031: 5024: 5017: 5010: 5003: 4996: 4989: 4982: 4975: 4968: 4965:Schinderhannes 4961: 4954: 4947: 4940: 4933: 4926: 4919: 4912: 4905: 4898: 4891: 4884: 4877: 4870: 4863: 4856: 4849: 4842: 4835: 4828: 4821: 4818:Hans von Sagan 4814: 4807: 4804:Hagen (legend) 4800: 4793: 4786: 4779: 4772: 4765: 4758: 4751: 4744: 4737: 4730: 4723: 4716: 4709: 4702: 4695: 4688: 4680: 4678: 4674: 4673: 4671: 4670: 4663: 4656: 4649: 4642: 4635: 4628: 4621: 4614: 4607: 4600: 4593: 4586: 4579: 4572: 4565: 4558: 4551: 4544: 4541:Ork (folklore) 4537: 4530: 4523: 4516: 4509: 4502: 4499:Mephistopheles 4495: 4488: 4481: 4474: 4467: 4460: 4453: 4446: 4439: 4432: 4425: 4418: 4411: 4404: 4397: 4390: 4383: 4376: 4369: 4362: 4355: 4348: 4341: 4334: 4327: 4320: 4313: 4306: 4299: 4296:Ekke Nekkepenn 4292: 4285: 4278: 4271: 4264: 4257: 4250: 4243: 4236: 4229: 4222: 4215: 4208: 4201: 4194: 4187: 4180: 4173: 4170:Alp (folklore) 4166: 4158: 4156: 4152: 4151: 4143: 4140: 4139: 4134: 4132: 4131: 4124: 4117: 4109: 4100: 4099: 4097: 4096: 4090: 4082: 4073: 4071: 4067: 4066: 4064: 4063: 4054: 4052: 4048: 4047: 4045: 4044: 4036: 4032:Die Nibelungen 4028: 4020: 4016:Die Nibelungen 4011: 4009: 4005: 4004: 4002: 4001: 3994: 3993: 3992: 3985: 3978: 3971: 3956: 3954: 3950: 3949: 3947: 3946: 3939: 3932: 3925: 3918: 3911: 3903: 3901: 3897: 3896: 3894: 3893: 3891:Etzel (Attila) 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3843: 3838: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3825: 3821:Nibelungenlied 3818: 3816: 3815: 3808: 3801: 3793: 3784: 3783: 3781: 3780: 3773: 3770:Nibelungenlied 3766: 3759: 3752: 3747: 3739: 3737: 3733: 3732: 3730: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3713: 3711: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3703: 3698: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3667: 3665: 3661: 3660: 3658: 3657: 3652: 3647: 3642: 3637: 3632: 3627: 3622: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3602: 3597: 3592: 3587: 3582: 3577: 3571: 3569: 3565: 3564: 3557: 3555: 3553: 3552: 3545: 3542:Skáldskaparmál 3538: 3533: 3526: 3519: 3514: 3506: 3504: 3500: 3499: 3493: 3491: 3490: 3483: 3476: 3468: 3459: 3458: 3456: 3455: 3442: 3439: 3438: 3436: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3394: 3392: 3388: 3387: 3385: 3384: 3377: 3370: 3363: 3356: 3348: 3346: 3342: 3341: 3334: 3332: 3330: 3329: 3324: 3319: 3314: 3309: 3304: 3299: 3294: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3274: 3269: 3264: 3259: 3254: 3249: 3244: 3239: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3218: 3216: 3210: 3209: 3204: 3202: 3201: 3194: 3187: 3179: 3173: 3172: 3141: 3127: 3126:External links 3124: 3122: 3121: 3113:"Sigurdlieder" 3108: 3102: 3089: 3083: 3070: 3064: 3043: 3034: 3021: 3013:"Gudrunlieder" 3008: 3002: 2990: 2981: 2975: 2962: 2948: 2935: 2929: 2916: 2910: 2898:Otto Holzapfel 2893: 2887: 2874: 2868: 2856:Nibelungenlied 2847: 2841: 2828: 2822: 2809: 2803: 2790: 2784: 2769: 2763: 2750: 2734: 2728: 2714: 2712: 2709: 2707: 2706: 2704:, p. 190. 2694: 2682: 2670: 2668:, p. 223. 2658: 2646: 2644:, p. 182. 2634: 2622: 2618:Holzapfel 1974 2610: 2608:, p. 477. 2598: 2586: 2582:Andersson 1980 2574: 2562: 2560:, p. 321. 2550: 2538: 2536:, p. 244. 2534:Andersson 1980 2526: 2514: 2502: 2500:, p. 124. 2490: 2488:, p. 306. 2478: 2463: 2461:, p. 197. 2451: 2449:, p. 169. 2439: 2437:, p. 166. 2427: 2423:Gillespie 1973 2415: 2403: 2401:, p. 302. 2391: 2389:, p. 168. 2379: 2377:, p. 146. 2364: 2360:Andersson 1980 2352: 2350:, p. 377. 2340: 2338:, p. 147. 2325: 2313: 2311:, p. 142. 2301: 2289: 2277: 2275:, p. 266. 2265: 2261:Gillespie 1973 2250: 2248:, p. 114. 2238: 2236:, p. 120. 2226: 2224:, p. 264. 2211: 2199: 2187: 2175: 2173:, p. 233. 2163: 2151: 2149:, p. 249. 2147:McKinnell 2014 2139: 2127: 2125:, p. 350. 2115: 2103: 2091: 2079: 2077:, p. 182. 2067: 2048: 2036: 2034:, p. 181. 2024: 2012: 1997: 1985: 1981:Andersson 1980 1973: 1969:Holzapfel 1974 1961: 1957:Holzapfel 1974 1949: 1945:Holzapfel 1974 1937: 1922: 1918:Andersson 1980 1910: 1908:, p. 316. 1895: 1893:, p. 237. 1891:Andersson 1980 1880: 1878:, p. 116. 1868: 1866:, p. 313. 1856: 1854:, p. 319. 1844: 1842:, p. 236. 1840:Andersson 1980 1829: 1817: 1805: 1803:, p. 341. 1801:Sprenger 1999b 1793: 1791:, p. 342. 1789:Sprenger 1999b 1778: 1776:, p. 298. 1766: 1764:, p. 426. 1751: 1749:, p. 304. 1739: 1727: 1725:, p. 150. 1723:Sprenger 1999a 1715: 1713:, p. 305. 1703: 1701:, p. 176. 1691: 1689:, p. 297. 1679: 1667: 1665:, p. 303. 1655: 1653:, p. 163. 1643: 1641:, p. 296. 1628: 1626:, p. 424. 1616: 1604: 1592: 1580: 1568: 1566:, p. 294. 1556: 1554:, p. 119. 1544: 1542:, p. 121. 1532: 1530:, p. 288. 1520: 1508: 1504:Sturluson 2005 1496: 1494:, p. 168. 1484: 1480:Sturluson 2005 1472: 1468:Sturluson 2005 1460: 1458:, p. 127. 1448: 1436: 1434:, p. 291. 1424: 1420:Andersson 1980 1412: 1410:, p. 305. 1397: 1385: 1373: 1358: 1356:, p. 119. 1339: 1324: 1303: 1299:Gillespie 1973 1288: 1284:Gillespie 1973 1273: 1261: 1259:, p. 108. 1249: 1245:Andersson 1980 1236: 1234: 1231: 1224:Nibelungenlied 1219:Die Nibelungen 1194:Nibelungenlied 1177:Die Nibelungen 1169:Nibelungenlied 1157:Nibelungenlied 1144:Amalie Materna 1136: 1135:Modern culture 1133: 1127: 1124: 1104:Nibelungenlied 1100:Nibelungenlied 1095: 1092: 1079: 1076: 1068:Nibelungenlied 1064:Nibelungenlied 1052: 1049: 1022: 1019: 1011:Nibelungenlied 1002: 999: 972: 969: 946:Nibelungenlied 931: 928: 917: 914: 909:Nibelungenlied 898: 895: 891:Nibelungenlied 823:Nibelungenlied 796: 795:Nibelungenlied 793: 781:Nibelungenlied 776: 773: 723: 720: 692:Ragnar Lodbrok 655: 652: 621: 618: 603: 600: 586: 583: 568: 565: 547: 544: 529: 526: 493: 490: 475: 472: 411: 408: 384: 381: 325: 322: 247: 244: 241: 240: 227: 207:Nibelungenlied 183:Richard Wagner 155:Nibelungenlied 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5261: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5185: 5184:Völsung cycle 5182: 5181: 5179: 5163: 5159: 5156: 5152: 5151: 5149: 5145: 5138: 5134: 5131: 5127: 5124: 5120: 5117: 5113: 5110: 5106: 5103: 5099: 5096: 5092: 5089: 5085: 5082: 5078: 5075: 5071: 5070: 5068: 5064: 5057: 5053: 5050: 5046: 5043: 5039: 5036: 5032: 5029: 5025: 5022: 5018: 5015: 5011: 5008: 5004: 5001: 4997: 4994: 4990: 4987: 4983: 4980: 4979:Stauffacherin 4976: 4973: 4969: 4966: 4962: 4959: 4955: 4952: 4948: 4945: 4941: 4938: 4937:Princess Ilse 4934: 4931: 4927: 4924: 4920: 4917: 4913: 4910: 4906: 4903: 4899: 4896: 4892: 4889: 4885: 4882: 4878: 4875: 4871: 4868: 4864: 4861: 4857: 4854: 4850: 4847: 4843: 4840: 4836: 4833: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4815: 4812: 4808: 4805: 4801: 4798: 4794: 4791: 4787: 4784: 4780: 4777: 4773: 4770: 4766: 4763: 4759: 4756: 4752: 4749: 4745: 4742: 4738: 4735: 4731: 4728: 4724: 4721: 4717: 4714: 4710: 4707: 4703: 4700: 4696: 4693: 4689: 4686: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4675: 4668: 4664: 4661: 4657: 4654: 4650: 4647: 4643: 4640: 4636: 4633: 4629: 4626: 4622: 4619: 4615: 4612: 4608: 4605: 4601: 4598: 4594: 4591: 4587: 4584: 4580: 4577: 4573: 4570: 4566: 4563: 4559: 4556: 4555:Petermännchen 4552: 4549: 4545: 4542: 4538: 4535: 4531: 4528: 4524: 4521: 4517: 4514: 4510: 4507: 4503: 4500: 4496: 4493: 4489: 4486: 4482: 4479: 4475: 4472: 4468: 4465: 4461: 4458: 4454: 4451: 4447: 4444: 4440: 4437: 4436:King Goldemar 4433: 4430: 4426: 4423: 4422:Klabautermann 4419: 4416: 4412: 4409: 4405: 4402: 4398: 4395: 4391: 4388: 4384: 4381: 4377: 4374: 4370: 4367: 4363: 4360: 4356: 4353: 4349: 4346: 4342: 4339: 4335: 4332: 4328: 4325: 4321: 4318: 4314: 4311: 4307: 4304: 4300: 4297: 4293: 4290: 4286: 4283: 4279: 4276: 4272: 4269: 4265: 4262: 4258: 4255: 4251: 4248: 4244: 4241: 4237: 4234: 4230: 4227: 4223: 4220: 4216: 4213: 4209: 4206: 4202: 4199: 4195: 4192: 4188: 4185: 4181: 4178: 4174: 4171: 4167: 4164: 4160: 4159: 4157: 4153: 4149: 4148: 4141: 4137: 4130: 4125: 4123: 4118: 4116: 4111: 4110: 4107: 4094: 4091: 4088: 4087: 4083: 4080: 4079: 4075: 4074: 4072: 4068: 4061: 4060: 4056: 4055: 4053: 4049: 4042: 4041: 4037: 4034: 4033: 4029: 4026: 4025: 4021: 4018: 4017: 4013: 4012: 4010: 4006: 4000: 3999: 3995: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3984: 3983: 3979: 3977: 3976: 3972: 3970: 3969: 3968:Das Rheingold 3965: 3964: 3963: 3962: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3951: 3945: 3944: 3940: 3938: 3937: 3933: 3931: 3930: 3926: 3924: 3923: 3922:Völsunga saga 3919: 3917: 3916: 3912: 3910: 3909: 3905: 3904: 3902: 3900:Related works 3898: 3892: 3889: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3852: 3849: 3847: 3844: 3842: 3839: 3837: 3834: 3833: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3822: 3814: 3809: 3807: 3802: 3800: 3795: 3794: 3791: 3779: 3778: 3774: 3772: 3771: 3767: 3765: 3764: 3760: 3758: 3757: 3753: 3751: 3748: 3746: 3745: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3734: 3728: 3725: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3714: 3712: 3708: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3668: 3666: 3664:Other figures 3662: 3656: 3653: 3651: 3648: 3646: 3643: 3641: 3638: 3636: 3633: 3631: 3628: 3626: 3623: 3621: 3618: 3616: 3613: 3611: 3608: 3606: 3603: 3601: 3598: 3596: 3593: 3591: 3588: 3586: 3583: 3581: 3578: 3576: 3573: 3572: 3570: 3566: 3561: 3551: 3550: 3549:Volsunga saga 3546: 3544: 3543: 3539: 3537: 3536:Sigurd stones 3534: 3532: 3531: 3527: 3525: 3524: 3523:Niflung Cycle 3520: 3518: 3515: 3513: 3512: 3508: 3507: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3496:Völsung Cycle 3489: 3484: 3482: 3477: 3475: 3470: 3469: 3466: 3454: 3453: 3444: 3443: 3440: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3418:Shield-maiden 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3389: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3376: 3375: 3371: 3369: 3368: 3364: 3362: 3361: 3357: 3355: 3354: 3350: 3349: 3347: 3343: 3338: 3328: 3325: 3323: 3320: 3318: 3315: 3313: 3310: 3308: 3305: 3303: 3300: 3298: 3295: 3293: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3283: 3280: 3278: 3275: 3273: 3272:Hervör alvitr 3270: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3260: 3258: 3255: 3253: 3250: 3248: 3245: 3243: 3240: 3238: 3235: 3233: 3230: 3228: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3211: 3207: 3200: 3195: 3193: 3188: 3186: 3181: 3180: 3177: 3169: 3168: 3163: 3159: 3154: 3153:public domain 3142: 3139: 3134: 3130: 3129: 3125: 3118: 3114: 3109: 3105: 3099: 3095: 3090: 3086: 3080: 3076: 3071: 3067: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3049: 3044: 3040: 3035: 3031: 3027: 3022: 3018: 3014: 3009: 3005: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2982: 2978: 2972: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2949:9781442615885 2945: 2941: 2936: 2932: 2926: 2922: 2917: 2913: 2911:3-87452-237-7 2907: 2903: 2899: 2894: 2890: 2884: 2880: 2875: 2871: 2869:9781843841845 2865: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2848: 2844: 2838: 2834: 2829: 2825: 2823:0-8240-8489-6 2819: 2815: 2810: 2806: 2804:9780198157182 2800: 2796: 2791: 2787: 2781: 2777: 2776: 2770: 2766: 2760: 2756: 2751: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2735: 2731: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2715: 2710: 2703: 2698: 2695: 2691: 2686: 2683: 2679: 2674: 2671: 2667: 2662: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2647: 2643: 2638: 2635: 2632:, p. 32. 2631: 2626: 2623: 2619: 2614: 2611: 2607: 2602: 2599: 2595: 2590: 2587: 2583: 2578: 2575: 2572:, p. 37. 2571: 2566: 2563: 2559: 2554: 2551: 2547: 2542: 2539: 2535: 2530: 2527: 2523: 2518: 2515: 2512:, p. 82. 2511: 2506: 2503: 2499: 2494: 2491: 2487: 2482: 2479: 2476:, p. 36. 2475: 2470: 2468: 2464: 2460: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2443: 2440: 2436: 2431: 2428: 2424: 2419: 2416: 2413:, p. 32. 2412: 2407: 2404: 2400: 2395: 2392: 2388: 2383: 2380: 2376: 2371: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2356: 2353: 2349: 2344: 2341: 2337: 2332: 2330: 2326: 2322: 2317: 2314: 2310: 2305: 2302: 2299:, p. 89. 2298: 2293: 2290: 2287:, p. 88. 2286: 2281: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2242: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2227: 2223: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2200: 2196: 2191: 2188: 2184: 2179: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2164: 2161:, p. 59. 2160: 2155: 2152: 2148: 2143: 2140: 2136: 2131: 2128: 2124: 2119: 2116: 2112: 2107: 2104: 2100: 2095: 2092: 2088: 2083: 2080: 2076: 2071: 2068: 2065:, p. 39. 2064: 2059: 2057: 2055: 2053: 2049: 2046:, p. 38. 2045: 2040: 2037: 2033: 2028: 2025: 2021: 2016: 2013: 2010:, p. 94. 2009: 2004: 2002: 1998: 1995:, p. 79. 1994: 1989: 1986: 1982: 1977: 1974: 1970: 1965: 1962: 1959:, p. 28. 1958: 1953: 1950: 1947:, p. 65. 1946: 1941: 1938: 1934: 1929: 1927: 1923: 1919: 1914: 1911: 1907: 1902: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1887: 1885: 1881: 1877: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1857: 1853: 1848: 1845: 1841: 1836: 1834: 1830: 1827:, p. 96. 1826: 1821: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1806: 1802: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1785: 1783: 1779: 1775: 1770: 1767: 1763: 1758: 1756: 1752: 1748: 1743: 1740: 1736: 1731: 1728: 1724: 1719: 1716: 1712: 1707: 1704: 1700: 1695: 1692: 1688: 1683: 1680: 1676: 1671: 1668: 1664: 1659: 1656: 1652: 1647: 1644: 1640: 1635: 1633: 1629: 1625: 1620: 1617: 1613: 1608: 1605: 1601: 1596: 1593: 1589: 1584: 1581: 1577: 1572: 1569: 1565: 1560: 1557: 1553: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1536: 1533: 1529: 1524: 1521: 1517: 1512: 1509: 1505: 1500: 1497: 1493: 1488: 1485: 1482:, p. 99. 1481: 1476: 1473: 1470:, p. 98. 1469: 1464: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1449: 1446:, p. 12. 1445: 1440: 1437: 1433: 1428: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1413: 1409: 1404: 1402: 1398: 1395:, p. 38. 1394: 1389: 1386: 1383:, p. 30. 1382: 1377: 1374: 1371:, p. 22. 1370: 1365: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1350: 1348: 1346: 1344: 1340: 1337:, p. 45. 1336: 1331: 1329: 1325: 1322:, p. 58. 1321: 1316: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1301:, p. 16. 1300: 1295: 1293: 1289: 1286:, p. 15. 1285: 1280: 1278: 1274: 1271:, p. 34. 1270: 1265: 1262: 1258: 1253: 1250: 1246: 1241: 1238: 1232: 1230: 1227: 1225: 1221: 1220: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1195: 1191: 1190: 1184: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1164: 1162: 1158: 1151: 1150: 1145: 1141: 1134: 1132: 1125: 1123: 1121: 1117: 1116:Völsunga saga 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1085: 1077: 1075: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1060: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1041: 1037: 1032: 1027: 1020: 1018: 1016: 1012: 1007: 1000: 998: 996: 991: 986: 984: 980: 979: 970: 968: 964: 960: 958: 954: 949: 947: 943: 939: 938: 934:Although the 929: 927: 925: 924: 915: 913: 910: 906: 905: 896: 894: 892: 886: 884: 878: 875: 871: 865: 863: 859: 855: 851: 846: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 817: 812: 806: 801: 794: 792: 790: 786: 782: 774: 772: 769: 765: 761: 760:Faroe Islands 756: 753: 749: 745: 740: 738: 728: 721: 719: 715: 711: 707: 705: 699: 697: 693: 689: 688: 683: 682:Völsunga Saga 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 662: 661:Völsunga saga 654:Völsunga saga 653: 651: 647: 645: 641: 640: 631: 626: 619: 617: 613: 610: 609: 601: 599: 596: 594: 593: 584: 582: 580: 575: 574: 566: 564: 561: 559: 555: 554: 545: 543: 541: 537: 536: 527: 525: 522: 520: 516: 512: 508: 503: 501: 500: 491: 489: 485: 483: 482: 473: 471: 468: 460: 456: 452: 447: 443: 440: 435: 431: 429: 428:Völsunga saga 425: 421: 417: 409: 407: 405: 401: 394: 389: 382: 380: 378: 374: 370: 365: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 339: 335: 331: 323: 321: 319: 314: 308: 302: 296: 290: 285: 280: 277: 272: 267: 261: 257: 253: 245: 238: 228: 225: 215: 214: 211: 208: 202: 199: 198: 192: 190: 184: 180: 178: 174: 170: 166: 162: 157: 156: 150: 145: 144: 143:Völsunga saga 138: 134: 129: 127: 123: 119: 114: 109: 105: 104:Modern German 101: 97: 92: 88: 84: 80: 76: 72: 66: 61: 57: 54: 47: 46: 40: 38: 33: 19: 5049:Wolfdietrich 5035:William Tell 4958:Schildbürger 4712: 4667:Wolpertinger 4632:Wiedergänger 4625:Weiße Frauen 4576:Rhinemaidens 4324:Ewiger Jäger 4289:Easter Bunny 4261:Doppelgänger 4145:Folklore of 4144: 4092: 4084: 4076: 4057: 4038: 4030: 4022: 4014: 3996: 3987: 3980: 3973: 3966: 3959: 3941: 3934: 3927: 3920: 3913: 3906: 3855: 3819: 3775: 3768: 3761: 3754: 3742: 3579: 3547: 3540: 3528: 3521: 3509: 3503:Attestations 3450: 3381:Sigrdrífumál 3379: 3372: 3367:Darraðarljóð 3365: 3358: 3351: 3226: 3165: 3116: 3093: 3074: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3038: 3029: 3016: 2993: 2985: 2966: 2939: 2920: 2901: 2878: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2832: 2813: 2794: 2774: 2754: 2745: 2738:Böldl, Klaus 2719: 2711:Bibliography 2702:Lienert 2015 2697: 2685: 2673: 2661: 2649: 2637: 2630:Lienert 2015 2625: 2613: 2601: 2589: 2577: 2565: 2553: 2546:Heinzle 2013 2541: 2529: 2517: 2505: 2493: 2481: 2454: 2442: 2430: 2418: 2406: 2394: 2382: 2355: 2343: 2336:Lienert 2015 2316: 2309:Lienert 2015 2304: 2292: 2280: 2268: 2241: 2229: 2202: 2190: 2178: 2166: 2159:Lienert 2015 2154: 2142: 2135:Heinzle 2013 2130: 2123:Heinzle 2013 2118: 2111:Lienert 2015 2106: 2094: 2082: 2070: 2063:Lienert 2015 2044:Lienert 2015 2039: 2027: 2020:Heinzle 2013 2015: 1988: 1976: 1964: 1952: 1940: 1913: 1871: 1859: 1847: 1820: 1808: 1796: 1769: 1742: 1730: 1718: 1706: 1694: 1682: 1670: 1658: 1646: 1619: 1607: 1595: 1583: 1571: 1559: 1547: 1535: 1523: 1511: 1499: 1487: 1475: 1463: 1451: 1439: 1427: 1415: 1388: 1381:Lienert 2015 1376: 1269:Edwards 2010 1264: 1257:Heinzle 2013 1252: 1247:, p. 5. 1240: 1228: 1223: 1217: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1187: 1185: 1176: 1168: 1165: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1147: 1129: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1097: 1088: 1081: 1072: 1067: 1063: 1057: 1054: 1039: 1031:Sigrdrífumál 1030: 1028: 1024: 1014: 1010: 1008: 1004: 994: 989: 987: 976: 974: 965: 961: 953:Thidrekssaga 952: 950: 945: 935: 933: 921: 919: 908: 902: 900: 890: 887: 879: 873: 869: 866: 861: 847: 834: 830: 826: 822: 820: 815: 804: 784: 780: 778: 763: 757: 743: 741: 737:Thidrekssaga 736: 733: 716: 712: 708: 703: 700: 685: 681: 674:Thidrekssaga 673: 669: 665: 659: 657: 648: 637: 635: 629: 614: 606: 605: 597: 590: 588: 571: 570: 562: 553:Sigrdrífumál 551: 549: 546:Sigrdrífumál 533: 531: 523: 514: 507:Sigrdrífumál 506: 504: 497: 495: 486: 479: 477: 464: 436: 432: 427: 423: 413: 403: 397: 366: 327: 301:Sigrdrífumál 284:shieldmaiden 281: 276:Brunichildis 263:(armor) and 251: 249: 230: 217: 203: 186: 181: 177:Scandinavian 133:shieldmaiden 130: 78: 74: 70: 69: 56: 44: 36: 32:123 Brunhild 4916:Peter Klaus 4660:Witte Wiwer 4590:Santa Claus 4562:Poltergeist 4506:Moss people 4443:King Laurin 4352:Feldgeister 4303:Elwetritsch 4089:(2000-2001) 4081:(1989-1990) 4070:Comic Books 4035:(1966/1967) 3975:Die Walküre 3915:Poetic Edda 3744:Þiðrekssaga 3717:Andvaranaut 3423:Swan maiden 2666:Haymes 2009 2642:Müller 2009 2606:Millet 2008 2594:Müller 2009 2570:Uecker 1972 2558:Millet 2008 2486:Millet 2008 2474:Uecker 1972 2459:Millet 2008 2435:Millet 2008 2411:Uecker 1972 2399:Millet 2008 2348:Millet 2008 2321:Millet 2008 2273:Millet 2008 2222:Millet 2008 2207:Haymes 1988 2195:Millet 2008 2183:Millet 2008 2171:Millet 2008 2099:Millet 2008 2075:Millet 2008 2032:Millet 2008 1906:Millet 2008 1864:Millet 2008 1852:Millet 2008 1774:Millet 2008 1747:Millet 2008 1735:Millet 2008 1687:Millet 2008 1675:Millet 2008 1639:Millet 2008 1588:Millet 2008 1564:Millet 2008 1528:Millet 2008 1516:Millet 2008 1432:Millet 2008 1408:Millet 2008 1393:Uecker 1972 1335:Uecker 1972 1216:'s duology 937:Þiðrekssaga 930:Þiðrekssaga 841:capital of 670:Poetic Edda 666:Poetic Edda 481:Poetic Edda 474:Poetic Edda 400:Scandinavia 369:Ostrogothic 362:Chlothar II 354:Chilperic I 149:Eddic poems 5178:Categories 5109:Freischütz 4986:Tannhäuser 4839:Hildebrand 4797:Gundomar I 4755:Friar Rush 4604:Tatzelwurm 4569:Rasselbock 4520:Nachzehrer 4513:Nachtkrapp 4485:Lutzelfrau 4394:Hinzelmann 4359:Frau Holle 4247:Christkind 4240:Changeling 4205:Belsnickel 3866:Hildebrand 3829:Characters 3722:Barnstokkr 3374:Nafnaþulur 3360:Grímnismál 3138:Brünnhilde 3103:3900538719 3084:3476101061 2842:0815300336 2729:0801413028 2510:Quinn 2015 2297:Quinn 2015 2285:Quinn 2015 1993:Quinn 2015 1825:Quinn 2015 1762:Würth 2005 1624:Würth 2005 1576:Quinn 2015 1233:References 1214:Fritz Lang 1198:Brünnhilde 942:Low German 839:Burgundian 451:Rose Caron 416:Prose Edda 410:Prose Edda 404:Prose Edda 346:Sigebert I 338:Visigothic 189:Brünnhilde 165:Burgundian 122:Visigothic 51:See also: 18:Brunnhilde 5229:Valkyries 4881:Lohengrin 4639:Wild Hunt 4429:Klagmuhme 4212:Bergmönch 4184:Aufhocker 4093:Siegfried 3982:Siegfried 3841:Kriemhild 3836:Siegfried 3686:Hreiðmarr 3650:Svanhildr 3645:Sinfjötli 3252:Herfjötur 3227:Brynhildr 3206:Valkyries 3160:(1911). " 2742:"Ballade" 874:Tarnkappe 870:Tarnkappe 862:Tarnkappe 854:Siegfried 831:Îsenstein 535:Fáfnismál 528:Fáfnismál 499:Grípisspá 492:Grípisspá 350:Fredegund 295:Sigrdrífa 250:The name 246:Etymology 175:. In the 147:and some 113:Brünhilde 87:Brynhildr 83:Old Norse 75:Brunhilda 45:Brünhilde 5189:Brunhild 5147:See also 4895:Nibelung 4811:Hannikel 4713:Brunhild 4646:Wild man 4583:Rübezahl 4471:Lindworm 4373:Heimchen 4310:Erdhenne 4226:Bogeyman 4219:Bieresel 4198:Beerwolf 4177:Askafroa 4163:Alberich 3886:Nibelung 3881:Alberich 3871:Giselher 3856:Brunhild 3580:Brynhild 3452:Category 3428:Valhalla 3391:See also 3237:Geiravör 3162:Brunhild 1106:and the 1015:Brunhild 995:Biterolf 990:Biterolf 835:Îsenlant 768:Grimhild 459:Brussels 371:general 342:Frankish 318:valkyrie 252:Brunhild 137:valkyrie 108:Brünhild 100:Brünhilt 79:Brynhild 71:Brunhild 37:Brynhild 4783:Gunther 4548:Perchta 4527:Nis Puk 4478:Lorelei 4464:Krampus 4408:Irrwurz 4401:Hödekin 4331:Fänggen 4317:Erlking 4191:Bahkauv 4062:(novel) 3876:Rüdiger 3851:Gunther 3736:Related 3710:Objects 3671:Andvari 3655:Völsung 3630:Sigmund 3620:Siggeir 3585:Granmar 3511:Beowulf 3353:Völuspá 3155:: 1126:Suicide 920:In the 850:Gunther 821:In the 789:Iceland 722:Ballads 579:Guthorm 377:Ildibad 324:Origins 39:(novel) 5130:Vineta 5042:Witege 4972:Sigurd 4902:Ortnit 4790:Gudrun 4699:Attila 4677:People 4597:Schrat 4457:Kobold 4387:Hemann 4338:Fasolt 4155:Beings 4095:(2007) 4043:(2004) 4027:(1957) 4019:(1924) 3998:Sigurd 3953:Operas 3676:Fáfnir 3640:Sigurd 3595:Gunnar 3590:Gudrun 3575:Attila 3568:People 3322:Svipul 3302:Sigrún 3242:Göndul 3222:Alruna 3149: 3100: 3081: 3062: 3000: 2973: 2956: 2946: 2927: 2908: 2885: 2866: 2839: 2820: 2801: 2782: 2761: 2726: 1210:Brünne 1206:Brünn- 1084:Attila 1051:Wooing 1044:Taunus 957:Swabia 827:Îsland 785:Island 696:Aslaug 694:marry 632:, 1893 540:Fafnir 517:about 511:Sigrún 467:Gudrun 461:, 1884 373:Uraias 348:, and 266:hiltia 260:brunia 4741:Faust 4618:Uhaml 4611:Türst 4366:Gütel 4275:Drude 4051:Books 4008:Films 3846:Hagen 3701:Regin 3681:Grani 3635:Signy 3615:Rerir 3610:Högne 3600:Hogni 3433:Völva 3408:Norns 3327:Þrúðr 3317:Sváfa 3312:Skuld 3282:Hlökk 3277:Hljod 3267:Hildr 3257:Herja 3247:Gunnr 2954:JSTOR 1202:Brün- 1171:. In 883:Hagen 843:Worms 344:king 313:drífa 298:from 273:, as 167:king 3727:Gram 3691:Odin 3625:Sigi 3494:The 3413:Odin 3297:Róta 3292:Mist 3287:Kára 3098:ISBN 3079:ISBN 3060:ISBN 3050:and 2998:ISBN 2971:ISBN 2944:ISBN 2925:ISBN 2906:ISBN 2883:ISBN 2864:ISBN 2854:and 2837:ISBN 2818:ISBN 2799:ISBN 2780:ISBN 2759:ISBN 2724:ISBN 1161:Edda 901:The 779:The 658:The 558:Odin 515:Edda 478:The 439:Atli 414:The 336:, a 310:and 307:sigr 3696:Ótr 3398:Dís 3232:Eir 3164:". 1204:as 975:In 752:TSB 750:3, 748:DgF 644:Hel 589:In 550:In 532:In 496:In 418:of 135:or 110:or 77:or 43:SS 5180:: 2952:. 2744:. 2466:^ 2367:^ 2328:^ 2253:^ 2214:^ 2051:^ 2000:^ 1925:^ 1898:^ 1883:^ 1832:^ 1781:^ 1754:^ 1631:^ 1400:^ 1361:^ 1342:^ 1327:^ 1306:^ 1291:^ 1276:^ 1183:. 1122:. 1070:. 762:, 521:. 457:, 332:: 320:. 279:. 128:. 106:: 102:, 98:: 94:, 85:: 4128:e 4121:t 4114:v 3812:e 3805:t 3798:v 3487:e 3480:t 3473:v 3198:e 3191:t 3184:v 3106:. 3087:. 3068:. 3006:. 2979:. 2960:. 2933:. 2914:. 2891:. 2872:. 2845:. 2826:. 2807:. 2788:. 2767:. 2732:. 1935:. 860:( 787:( 746:( 702:( 81:( 48:. 20:)

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Index