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49:
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The achievement of synthesizing ribonuclease A (with Bernd Gutte) was all the more significant in that it demonstrated that the linear sequence of amino acids joined in peptide bonds determined directly the tertiary structure of a peptide or protein. I.e. that information coded in one dimension can
363:
Dr. Merrifield's method greatly stimulated progress in biochemistry, pharmacology and medicine, making possible the systematic exploration of the structural basis of the activities of enzymes, hormones and antibodies. The development and applications of the technique continued to occupy his
359:
In the mid-60s Dr. Merrifield's laboratory first synthesized bradykinin, angiotensin, desamino-oxytocin and insulin. In 1969, he and his colleague Bernd Gutte announced the first synthesis of the enzyme ribonuclease A. This work proved the chemical nature of enzymes.
766:, May 23, 2006. Accessed May 9, 2007. "Robert Bruce Merrifield, a biochemist who won the 1984 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for a method he named solid-phase peptide synthesis, died on May 14 at his home in Cresskill, N.J., after a long illness. He was 84."
395:
After raising their 6 children, James, Nancy, Betsy, Cathy, Laurie and Sally, his wife
Elizabeth (Libby), a biologist by training, joined the Merrifield laboratory at Rockefeller University where she worked for over 23 years.
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303:(UCLA). After graduation in chemistry he worked for a year at the Philip R. Park Research Foundation taking care of an animal colony and assisting with growth experiments on synthetic
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He returned to graduate school at the UCLA chemistry department with professor of biochemistry M.S. Dunn to develop microbiological methods for the quantitation of the
346:
on a dinucleotide growth factor he discovered in graduate school and on peptide growth factors that
Woolley had discovered earlier. These studies led to the need for
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134:
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in which he reported a method he called "solid phase peptide synthesis". This article is the fifth most cited paper in the journal's history.
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825:
403:. At the time of his death he was survived by his wife Libby, their 6 children and 16 grandchildren. Libby died on September 13, 2017.
350:
and, eventually, to the idea for solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) in 1959. In 1963, he was sole author of a classic paper in the
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Sano, S (1985), "Work of Dr. Robert
Merrifield, with special reference to the development of solid phase peptide synthesis",
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2026:
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123:
611:
Gierasch, Lila M (2006), "Editorial: Passing of a gentle giant of peptide science: in memoriam, R. Bruce
Merrifield",
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276:, on 15 July 1921, the only son of George E. Merrifield and Lorene née Lucas. In 1923 the family moved to
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Ulf
Ragnarsson, "Bruce Merrifield", Biographical Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences (2013)
326:. The day after graduating on 19 June 1949, he married Elizabeth Furlong and the next day left for
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1970:
1926:
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678:
638:
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Geiger, E. (1947). "Experiments with delayed supplementation of incomplete amino acid mixtures".
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After a long illness R. Bruce
Merrifield died on May 14, 2006, at the age of 84 in his home in
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1938:
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R. B. Merrifield (1963), "Solid Phase
Peptide Synthesis. I. The Synthesis of a Tetrapeptide",
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2010:
1974:
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1994:
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SPPS has been expanded to include solid phase synthesis of nucleotides and saccharides.
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1962:
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372:, Merrifield's autobiography, in the series "Profiles, Pathways, and Dreams" for the
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1990:
1946:
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Jones, John H (2007), "R.B. Merrifield: European footnotes to his life and work",
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where he attended nine grade schools and two high schools before graduating from
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721:, vol. 109, no. 49 (published December 7, 1984), pp. 1901–2,
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655:
Lerner, Richard A (2006), "Retrospective. R. Bruce
Merrifield (1921-2006)",
531:
Bernd Gutte and R. B. Merrifield (1971), "The
Synthesis of Ribonuclease A",
289:
285:
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634:
590:
491:
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laboratory, where he remained active at the bench until recently. In 1993,
783:
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704:
554:
380:
Award for outstanding contributions to
Biomolecular Technologies in 1998.
483:
518:
625:
661:, vol. 313, no. 5783 (published July 7, 2006), p. 57,
212:
699:, vol. 30, no. 1 (published January 1985), pp. 51–3,
582:
443:"R. Bruce Merrifield, Who Won Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Dies at 84"
384:
directly determine the three-dimensional structure of a molecule.
273:
73:
2504:
Recipients of the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
201:
110:
2198:
798:
420:"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement"
284:
in 1939. It was there that he developed an interest both in
307:
diets. One of these was the experiment by Geiger using the
2464:
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
330:
and the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research.
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55:
39:
758:"Nobel Laureate R. Bruce Merrifield Dies At 84"
378:Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities
248:(July 15, 1921 – May 14, 2006) was an American
135:Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research
30:For the Canadian politician and diplomat, see
2474:University of California, Los Angeles faculty
2210:
810:
370:Life during a Golden Age of Peptide Chemistry
8:
2479:University of California, Los Angeles alumni
2217:
2203:
2195:
817:
803:
795:
787:
742:
36:
624:
544:
507:Journal of the American Chemical Society
353:Journal of the American Chemical Society
411:
301:University of California at Los Angeles
142:Gairdner Foundation International Award
219:Microbiological Studies in Pyrimidines
7:
342:, he worked as an Assistant for Dr.
533:The Journal of Biological Chemistry
2514:People from Montebello, California
577:(6) (published June 2007): 363–7,
25:
2489:Scientists from Fort Worth, Texas
2484:People from Cresskill, New Jersey
311:that first demonstrated that the
1047:
47:
763:Chemical & Engineering News
428:American Academy of Achievement
1:
2509:Rockefeller University people
546:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)62396-8
258:solid phase peptide synthesis
256:in 1984 for the invention of
124:solid phase peptide synthesis
2469:Nobel laureates in Chemistry
441:Kenneth Chang (2006-05-06).
2530:
747:, accessed 13 October 2020
697:Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso
570:Journal of Peptide Science
29:
2371:
2345:(Great Britain/Argentina)
1045:
374:American Chemical Society
239:
180:
46:
2459:American Nobel laureates
1971:Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
1250:Wendell Meredith Stanley
830:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
717:Domagk, G F (1984), "",
338:At the institute, later
254:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
149:Nobel Prize in Chemistry
2244:Robert Bruce Merrifield
719:Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr.
667:10.1126/science.1130957
297:Pasadena Junior College
246:Robert Bruce Merrifield
41:Robert Bruce Merrifield
2377:Nobel Prize recipients
2323:Physiology or Medicine
2135:Emmanuelle Charpentier
2123:M. Stanley Whittingham
1094:Hans von Euler-Chelpin
340:Rockefeller University
299:he transferred to the
282:Montebello High School
206:Rockefeller University
171:Chemical Pioneer Award
164:Glenn T. Seaborg Medal
157:Academy of Achievement
155:Golden Plate Award of
1505:Christian B. Anfinsen
1145:Frédéric Joliot-Curie
401:Cresskill, New Jersey
319:for growth to occur.
313:essential amino acids
92:Cresskill, New Jersey
2454:American biochemists
2337:Georges J. F. Köhler
2167:Karl Barry Sharpless
1664:Dudley R. Herschbach
1489:Luis Federico Leloir
471:Journal of Nutrition
2159:Carolyn R. Bertozzi
2071:Jean-Pierre Sauvage
1808:Jens Christian Skou
1776:F. Sherwood Rowland
1688:Charles J. Pedersen
1652:Herbert A. Hauptman
1345:Vincent du Vigneaud
962:Richard Willstätter
846:Jacobus van 't Hoff
756:Petkewich, Rachel.
519:10.1021/ja00897a025
424:www.achievement.org
295:After two years at
27:American biochemist
2312:Simon van der Meer
2119:John B. Goodenough
2047:William E. Moerner
1927:Richard R. Schrock
1899:Roderick MacKinnon
1871:K. Barry Sharpless
1696:Johann Deisenhofer
1525:Geoffrey Wilkinson
1521:Ernst Otto Fischer
1445:Robert S. Mulliken
1381:Jaroslav HeyrovskĂ˝
1329:Hermann Staudinger
1149:Irène Joliot-Curie
786:on Nobelprize.org
741:on Nobelprize.org
484:10.1093/jn/34.1.97
448:The New York Times
376:. He received the
309:law of the minimum
2441:
2440:
2354:Economic Sciences
2192:
2191:
2175:Moungi G. Bawendi
2095:Richard Henderson
1939:Roger D. Kornberg
1907:Aaron Ciechanover
1740:Rudolph A. Marcus
1644:Robert Merrifield
1580:Peter D. Mitchell
1353:Cyril Hinshelwood
1114:Friedrich Bergius
1038:Richard Zsigmondy
954:Theodore Richards
902:Ernest Rutherford
626:10.1002/bip.20574
513:(14): 2149–2154,
366:Jeffrey I. Seeman
348:peptide synthesis
243:
242:
182:Scientific career
175:
168:
161:
153:
146:
115:
16:(Redirected from
2521:
2379:
2270:(Czechoslovakia)
2268:Jaroslav Seifert
2219:
2212:
2205:
2196:
2185:
2183:Alexei I. Ekimov
2169:
2163:Morten P. Meldal
2153:
2141:
2129:
2113:
2097:
2087:Jacques Dubochet
2081:
2065:
2049:
2033:
2017:
2011:Robert Lefkowitz
2005:
1997:
1981:
1975:Thomas A. Steitz
1965:
1949:
1941:
1933:
1923:Robert H. Grubbs
1917:
1901:
1889:
1873:
1846:
1844:Hideki Shirakawa
1830:
1822:
1810:
1794:
1778:
1762:
1754:
1742:
1734:
1732:Richard R. Ernst
1726:
1718:
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1690:
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1638:
1630:
1622:
1610:
1608:Frederick Sanger
1594:
1588:Herbert C. Brown
1582:
1574:
1566:
1564:William Lipscomb
1547:
1535:
1527:
1515:
1499:
1497:Gerhard Herzberg
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1471:
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1439:
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1373:Frederick Sanger
1367:
1359:
1357:Nikolay Semyonov
1347:
1339:
1331:
1323:
1311:
1309:Glenn T. Seaborg
1288:
1276:
1268:
1260:
1252:
1236:
1234:Artturi Virtanen
1228:
1220:
1218:George de Hevesy
1212:
1211:
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1204:
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1139:
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1084:
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1074:Heinrich Wieland
1068:
1066:Theodor Svedberg
1051:
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878:Adolf von Baeyer
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864:
862:Svante Arrhenius
856:
848:
819:
812:
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791:
784:Bruce Merrifield
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739:Bruce Merrifield
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539:(6): 1922–1941,
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315:must be present
231:Doctoral advisor
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37:
21:
18:Bruce Merrifield
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2331:Niels Kaj Jerne
2317:
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2273:
2249:
2246:(United States)
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2188:
2172:
2156:
2147:David MacMillan
2144:
2139:Jennifer Doudna
2132:
2116:
2100:
2084:
2075:Fraser Stoddart
2068:
2059:Paul L. Modrich
2052:
2036:
2020:
2008:
2000:
1995:Ei-ichi Negishi
1987:Richard F. Heck
1984:
1968:
1955:Osamu Shimomura
1952:
1944:
1936:
1920:
1904:
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1876:
1863:William Knowles
1860:
1849:
1840:Alan MacDiarmid
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1792:Richard Smalley
1781:
1768:Paul J. Crutzen
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1437:Robert Woodward
1434:
1429:Dorothy Hodgkin
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1258:Robert Robinson
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1242:James B. Sumner
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1189:Leopold RuĹľiÄŤka
1185:Adolf Butenandt
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1128:
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1122:Irving Langmuir
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1007:Frederick Soddy
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989:
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934:Victor Grignard
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910:Wilhelm Ostwald
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268:He was born in
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107:Alma mater
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2343:CĂ©sar Milstein
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2289:(South Africa)
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2207:
2199:
2190:
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2186:
2170:
2154:
2142:
2130:
2114:
2107:Gregory Winter
2103:Frances Arnold
2098:
2082:
2066:
2050:
2034:
2027:Michael Levitt
2023:Martin Karplus
2018:
2006:
1998:
1982:
1966:
1963:Roger Y. Tsien
1959:Martin Chalfie
1950:
1942:
1934:
1918:
1902:
1890:
1874:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1836:Alan J. Heeger
1831:
1823:
1811:
1804:John E. Walker
1795:
1779:
1763:
1755:
1743:
1735:
1727:
1719:
1707:
1704:Hartmut Michel
1691:
1680:Donald J. Cram
1675:
1659:
1647:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1620:Roald Hoffmann
1611:
1604:Walter Gilbert
1595:
1583:
1575:
1572:Ilya Prigogine
1567:
1558:
1556:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1548:
1541:John Cornforth
1536:
1528:
1516:
1509:Stanford Moore
1500:
1492:
1484:
1472:
1464:
1457:Ronald Norrish
1448:
1440:
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1412:
1400:
1392:
1384:
1376:
1368:
1365:Alexander Todd
1360:
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1312:
1305:Edwin McMillan
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1165:Norman Haworth
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478:(1): 97–111.
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2306:Carlo Rubbia
2287:Desmond Tutu
2243:
2111:George Smith
1991:Akira Suzuki
1947:Gerhard Ertl
1931:Yves Chauvin
1879:John B. Fenn
1867:Ryoji Noyori
1854:2001–present
1828:Ahmed Zewail
1788:Harold Kroto
1772:Mario Molina
1700:Robert Huber
1672:John Polanyi
1656:Jerome Karle
1643:
1592:Georg Wittig
1477:Derek Barton
1469:Lars Onsager
1421:Giulio Natta
1417:Karl Ziegler
1409:John Kendrew
1177:Richard Kuhn
1102:Hans Fischer
918:Otto Wallach
854:Emil Fischer
761:
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734:
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619:(5): 433–4,
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252:who won the
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198:Institutions
192:Biochemistry
181:
86:(2006-05-14)
84:May 14, 2006
2499:2006 deaths
2494:1921 births
2227:Nobel Prize
2079:Ben Feringa
2063:Aziz Sancar
2043:Stefan Hell
2039:Eric Betzig
1816:Walter Kohn
1784:Robert Curl
1760:George Olah
1748:Kary Mullis
1724:Elias Corey
1716:Thomas Cech
1668:Yuan T. Lee
1636:Henry Taube
1169:Paul Karrer
1157:Peter Debye
1137:Harold Urey
1023:Fritz Pregl
984:Fritz Haber
926:Marie Curie
613:Biopolymers
324:pyrimidines
235:Max S. Dunn
99:Nationality
2448:Categories
2255:Literature
1915:Irwin Rose
1895:Peter Agre
1820:John Pople
1628:Aaron Klug
1533:Paul Flory
1481:Odd Hassel
1405:Max Perutz
1286:Kurt Alder
1282:Otto Diels
1110:Carl Bosch
454:2008-04-12
407:References
368:published
305:amino acid
278:California
270:Fort Worth
264:Early life
250:biochemist
70:Fort Worth
62:1921-07-15
2339:(Germany)
2333:(Denmark)
2236:Chemistry
2229:laureates
1600:Paul Berg
1555:1976–2000
1296:1951–1975
1226:Otto Hahn
1057:1926–1950
837:1901–1925
826:Laureates
683:170949560
290:astronomy
286:chemistry
675:16825560
643:37585286
635:16850497
599:40900106
591:17516587
492:20244454
102:American
2308:(Italy)
2298:Physics
828:of the
727:6389076
705:3883428
658:Science
555:5102153
288:and in
2173:2023:
2157:2022:
2145:2021:
2133:2020:
2117:2019:
2101:2018:
2085:2017:
2069:2016:
2053:2015:
2037:2014:
2021:2013:
2009:2012:
2001:2011:
1985:2010:
1969:2009:
1953:2008:
1945:2007:
1937:2006:
1921:2005:
1905:2004:
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1877:2002:
1861:2001:
1834:2000:
1826:1999:
1814:1998:
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1634:1983:
1626:1982:
1614:1981:
1598:1980:
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1080:1928:
1072:1927:
1064:1926:
1036:1925:
1021:1923:
1013:1922:
1005:1921:
997:1920:
982:1918:
960:1915:
952:1914:
944:1913:
932:1912:
924:1911:
916:1910:
908:1909:
900:1908:
892:1907:
884:1906:
876:1905:
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860:1903:
852:1902:
844:1901:
725:
703:
681:
673:
641:
633:
597:
589:
553:
490:
334:Career
224:(1949)
222:
213:Thesis
188:Fields
174:(1993)
167:(1993)
160:(1985)
152:(1984)
145:(1970)
138:(1969)
130:Awards
2408:1984
2279:Peace
2225:1984
679:S2CID
639:S2CID
595:S2CID
274:Texas
74:Texas
2433:1989
2428:1988
2423:1987
2418:1986
2413:1985
2403:1983
2398:1982
2393:1981
2388:1980
2383:1979
2259:1984
1210:1942
1203:1941
1196:1940
1129:1933
1030:1924
991:1919
976:1917
969:1916
723:PMID
701:PMID
671:PMID
631:PMID
587:PMID
551:PMID
488:PMID
202:UCLA
111:UCLA
81:Died
56:Born
663:doi
621:doi
579:doi
541:doi
537:246
515:doi
480:doi
2450::
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2029:/
2025:/
2013:/
1993:/
1989:/
1977:/
1973:/
1961:/
1957:/
1929:/
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615:,
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573:,
549:,
535:,
511:85
509:,
486:.
476:34
474:.
445:.
426:.
422:.
292:.
272:,
260:.
72:,
2261:)
2257:(
2218:e
2211:t
2204:v
818:e
811:t
804:v
665::
623::
581::
543::
517::
494:.
482::
457:.
430:.
64:)
60:(
34:.
20:)
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