31:
980:
1535:
953:
52:
1933:
944:
1945:
1440:
971:
962:
935:
1033:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
657:
1450:
1012:
2174:
2301:
2213:
1301:"Mountain Herb Estate - VEGETABLE - CUCUMBER, AFRICAN HORNED, Jelly Melon, Kiwano, Rooi-agurkie, Rooikomkommer (Afr.), Mokapana (Tswana) (Cucumis metuliferus)"
919:
and total soluble solids increases. In the same period, peel colour changes from green through whitish green to yellow and finally to orange, and the
2122:
644:
834:. A small amount of salt or sugar can increase the flavor, but the seed content can make eating the fruit less convenient than many common fruits.
2187:
2135:
908:
2275:
2365:
1158:
1148:
1045:
2231:
1040:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
1196:
1534:
1004:
1483:
2161:
30:
2192:
923:
profile shows a decline in pigments absorbing at 431 and 663 nm, and a rapid increase in those absorbing at 442 and 470 nm.
1444:
1110:
1059:
1000:
2044:
899:, but in Israel, powdery mildew and squash mosaic virus attacked kiwano fields and control measures had to be taken.
2288:
1697:
2218:
793:, and is primarily used as a snack or salad, and rarely for decoration. It can be eaten at any stage of ripening.
1621:
1325:
769:
51:
2293:
979:
2005:
1812:
877:
2101:
2360:
2096:
1967:
1871:
653:
1589:
876:
Kiwano is resistant to several root-knot nematodes; two accessions were found to be highly resistant to
515:
168:
2140:
2241:
2114:
2070:
1897:
1595:
1476:
1391:
864:
increases the time required for full germination. The sowing dates greatly influence fruit yield and
567:
528:
1879:
1735:
1626:
1268:
952:
892:
881:
2205:
1326:"Effect of Sowing Dates, Temperatures on Germination, Flowering, and Yield of Cucumis metuliferus"
1164:
719:, hence the name "horned melon". The ripe fruit has orange skin and lime-green, jelly-like flesh.
2327:
2280:
2109:
1949:
1797:
489:
469:
268:
46:
1364:
2179:
1300:
2057:
1916:
1720:
1680:
1411:
1345:
1243:
1225:
1192:
1186:
1154:
1051:
1041:
860:
is delayed at 12°C, totally inhibits at seed stratification, and greatly inhibits above 35°C.
580:
380:
2355:
1908:
1850:
1772:
1710:
1631:
1403:
1392:"Fruit development and postharvest physiology of Cucumis metuliferus Mey., a new crop plant"
1337:
1233:
1134:
502:
397:
2370:
2249:
1937:
1743:
1469:
1282:
782:
724:
89:
656:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
2267:
1213:
2306:
2262:
2016:
1807:
1690:
1238:
916:
896:
716:
712:
76:
2349:
1715:
1214:"Use of Cucumis metuliferus as a Rootstock for Melon to Manage Meloidogyne incognita"
1081:
885:
842:
704:
326:
135:
2332:
2062:
1817:
1792:
1767:
1762:
1705:
1662:
1581:
1574:
1501:
1407:
831:
823:
778:
728:
220:
125:
2049:
2036:
2200:
2148:
1999:
1827:
1822:
1802:
1777:
1685:
857:
853:
204:
184:
2026:
1456:
1341:
1035:
767:
Kiwano is a traditional food plant in Africa. Along with the gemsbok cucumber (
1845:
1787:
1782:
1675:
1670:
1567:
1560:
752:
554:
414:
363:
1415:
1349:
1229:
2083:
1902:
1544:
1517:
865:
838:
802:
541:
447:
322:
1990:
1247:
1111:"Living - Kiwano: It's what's inside that counts - Seattle Times Newspaper"
1055:
2319:
2254:
1439:
943:
2314:
2226:
1984:
861:
810:
748:
736:
696:
346:
102:
2127:
1646:
920:
732:
302:
145:
2153:
1324:
Benzioni, A.; Mendlinger, S.; Ventura, M.; Huyskens, S. (1991-08-01).
781:), it is one of the few sources of water during the dry season in the
827:
756:
744:
740:
430:
115:
1961:
1212:
Sigüenza, Concepcion; Schochow, Martin; Turini, Tom; Ploeg, Antoon.
970:
822:
The fruit's taste has been compared to a combination of banana and
2166:
2088:
1616:
1492:
961:
934:
806:
708:
700:
63:
692:
593:
2075:
1965:
1465:
1283:"The Dinner Diva: Let's discover some more little-known fruits"
244:
1150:
People's Plants: A guide to useful plants of southern Africa
1188:
Edible
Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 2, Fruits
912:
1005:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
907:
During 28 days of development on the plant, fresh weight,
1461:
1390:
Mendlinger, S.; Benzioni, A.; Huyskens, S.; Ventura, M.
895:
was reported. Kiwano was reported to be resistant to
1974:
1890:
1863:
1836:
1755:
1655:
1644:
1607:
1553:
1542:
1510:
1499:
629:
617:
592:
579:
566:
553:
540:
527:
514:
501:
488:
467:
446:
429:
413:
396:
379:
362:
345:
321:
300:
265:
241:
217:
203:
198:
1037:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
479:
312:
1153:. South Africa: Briza Publications. p. 38.
911:and titratable acidity of fruits do not change,
1088:. South African National Biodiversity Institute
1105:
1103:
837:Some also eat the peel, which is very rich in
809:to prevent both growth reduction and a strong
199:Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
1477:
8:
915:rises and then falls, and concentrations of
826:, cucumber and zucchini or a combination of
193:
884:. Some accessions were found to succumb to
1962:
1652:
1550:
1507:
1484:
1470:
1462:
1001:United States Food and Drug Administration
282:
192:
29:
20:
1237:
1191:. Springer Science & Business Media.
992:
930:
785:. In northern Zimbabwe, it is called
16:Vine in the cucumber and melon family
7:
2242:a6a4a2de-8d9a-4e44-9458-e7d801c0343e
1944:
1457:West African plants – A Photo Guide.
1137:n° 1130, November 2011, pp. 18–21.
14:
1131:Parc de Khal-agadi, pas si désert
2294:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:116468-3
1943:
1932:
1931:
1533:
1438:
1396:Journal of Horticultural Science
978:
969:
960:
951:
942:
933:
856:is optimal between 20 and 35°C.
50:
1062:from the original on 2024-05-09
1015:from the original on 2024-03-27
1408:10.1080/00221589.1992.11516274
1269:"What does kiwano taste like?"
1:
2366:Fruits originating in Africa
880:, but very sensitive to the
652:Percentages estimated using
645:Link to USDA Database entry
2387:
1342:10.21273/HORTSCI.26.8.1051
763:Consumption and other uses
209:183 kJ (44 kcal)
1927:
1622:Watermelon rind preserves
1531:
1185:Lim, T. K. (2012-01-30).
1147:Ben-Erik Van Wyk (2000).
770:Acanthosicyos naudinianus
651:
641:
637:
613:
605:
463:
459:
296:
292:
285:
281:
261:
257:
237:
233:
213:
174:
167:
47:Scientific classification
45:
37:
28:
23:
909:electrical conductivity
878:watermelon mosaic virus
673:African horned cucumber
654:US recommendations
1872:Melothria sphaerocarpa
1590:C. colocynthis (egusi)
671:, commonly called the
658:the National Academies
1218:Journal of Nematology
1082:"Cucumis metuliferus"
287:Vitamins and minerals
1898:List of melon dishes
1731:(horned/jelly melon)
1447:at Wikimedia Commons
1305:www.herbgarden.co.za
2232:Cucumis~metuliferus
2115:Cucumis metuliferus
2006:Cucumis metuliferus
1976:Cucumis metuliferus
1880:Momordica charantia
1627:Watermelon seed oil
1452:Cucumis metuliferus
1445:Cucumis metuliferus
1371:. Purdue University
1369:www.hort.purdue.edu
1289:. 21 February 2008.
893:greenhouse whitefly
882:squash mosaic virus
805:(via grafting) for
668:Cucumis metuliferus
398:Pantothenic acid (B
195:
178:Cucumis metuliferus
160:C. metuliferus
39:Cucumis metuliferus
1875:(white-seed melon)
872:Pests and diseases
619:Other constituents
2343:
2342:
1968:Taxon identifiers
1959:
1958:
1917:Solanum muricatum
1859:
1858:
1813:Oriental pickling
1640:
1639:
1529:
1528:
1443:Media related to
1363:Benzioni, Aliza.
1160:978-1-875093-19-9
1135:Science & Vie
1080:Welman, Mienkie.
1047:978-0-309-48834-1
903:Fruit Development
801:may be used as a
664:
663:
609:
608:
194:Horned Melon, raw
191:
190:
2378:
2336:
2335:
2323:
2322:
2310:
2309:
2297:
2296:
2284:
2283:
2271:
2270:
2258:
2257:
2245:
2244:
2235:
2234:
2222:
2221:
2209:
2208:
2196:
2195:
2183:
2182:
2170:
2169:
2157:
2156:
2144:
2143:
2131:
2130:
2118:
2117:
2105:
2104:
2092:
2091:
2079:
2078:
2066:
2065:
2053:
2052:
2040:
2039:
2030:
2029:
2020:
2019:
2010:
2009:
2008:
1995:
1994:
1993:
1963:
1947:
1946:
1935:
1934:
1909:Melothria scabra
1701:(Inodorus Group)
1653:
1632:Watermelon steak
1551:
1537:
1508:
1486:
1479:
1472:
1463:
1442:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1422:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1336:(8): 1051–1053.
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1241:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1163:. Archived from
1144:
1138:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1107:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1086:PlantZAfrica.com
1077:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
997:
982:
973:
964:
955:
946:
937:
891:. Resistance to
819:-infested soil.
483:
434:
418:
401:
384:
367:
350:
323:Vitamin A equiv.
316:
283:
196:
180:
55:
54:
33:
21:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2375:
2346:
2345:
2344:
2339:
2331:
2326:
2318:
2313:
2305:
2300:
2292:
2287:
2279:
2274:
2266:
2261:
2253:
2250:Observation.org
2248:
2240:
2238:
2230:
2225:
2217:
2212:
2204:
2199:
2191:
2186:
2178:
2173:
2165:
2160:
2152:
2147:
2139:
2134:
2126:
2121:
2113:
2108:
2100:
2095:
2087:
2082:
2074:
2069:
2061:
2056:
2048:
2043:
2035:
2033:
2025:
2023:
2015:
2013:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1989:
1988:
1983:
1970:
1960:
1955:
1923:
1886:
1855:
1838:
1832:
1751:
1636:
1609:
1603:
1538:
1525:
1495:
1490:
1435:
1430:
1420:
1418:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1374:
1372:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1323:
1322:
1318:
1309:
1307:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1287:DeseretNews.com
1281:
1280:
1276:
1267:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1250:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1199:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1170:
1168:
1161:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1109:
1108:
1101:
1091:
1089:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1065:
1063:
1048:
1032:
1031:
1027:
1018:
1016:
999:
998:
994:
990:
983:
974:
965:
956:
947:
938:
929:
917:reducing sugars
905:
874:
851:
830:, cucumber and
783:Kalahari Desert
765:
725:Southern Africa
691:, is an annual
647:
642:
600:
587:
574:
561:
548:
535:
522:
509:
496:
484:
454:
441:
432:
424:
416:
408:
399:
391:
382:
374:
365:
357:
348:
341:
339:
334:
329:
317:
288:
277:
272:
253:
248:
229:
224:
187:
182:
176:
163:
49:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2384:
2382:
2374:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2348:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2333:wfo-0000628933
2324:
2311:
2298:
2285:
2272:
2259:
2246:
2236:
2223:
2210:
2197:
2184:
2171:
2158:
2145:
2132:
2119:
2106:
2093:
2080:
2067:
2054:
2041:
2031:
2021:
2011:
1996:
1980:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1941:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1920:(pepino melon)
1913:
1905:
1900:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1884:
1883:(bitter melon)
1876:
1867:
1865:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1853:
1848:
1842:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1741:
1737:C. myriocarpus
1733:
1729:C. metuliferus
1725:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1695:
1694:
1693:
1688:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1659:
1657:
1650:
1642:
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1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1599:(Namib tsamma)
1593:
1586:
1585:
1584:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1557:
1555:
1548:
1540:
1539:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1521:(Winter melon)
1514:
1512:
1505:
1497:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1448:
1434:
1433:External links
1431:
1429:
1428:
1402:(4): 489–493.
1382:
1355:
1316:
1292:
1274:
1260:
1224:(3): 276–280.
1204:
1197:
1177:
1159:
1139:
1120:
1099:
1072:
1046:
1025:
991:
989:
986:
985:
984:
977:
975:
968:
966:
959:
957:
950:
948:
941:
939:
932:
928:
925:
904:
901:
897:powdery mildew
873:
870:
850:
847:
798:C. metuliferus
764:
761:
721:C. metuliferus
662:
661:
649:
648:
643:
639:
638:
635:
634:
631:
627:
626:
621:
615:
614:
611:
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531:
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279:
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262:
259:
258:
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249:
242:
239:
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234:
231:
230:
227:
225:
218:
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207:
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200:
189:
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183:
172:
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165:
164:
157:
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143:
139:
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133:
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123:
119:
118:
113:
106:
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93:
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87:
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66:
61:
57:
56:
43:
42:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2383:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2361:Desert fruits
2359:
2357:
2354:
2353:
2351:
2334:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2224:
2220:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2098:
2094:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2007:
2001:
1997:
1992:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1952:
1951:
1942:
1940:
1939:
1930:
1929:
1926:
1919:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1889:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1868:
1866:
1864:Other species
1862:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1843:
1841:
1835:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
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169:Binomial name
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24:Horned melon
22:
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1798:Kolkhoznitsa
1744:
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1666:(true melon)
1663:
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1582:Citron melon
1575:
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1451:
1419:. Retrieved
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1373:. Retrieved
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1165:the original
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1123:
1115:nwsource.com
1114:
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1008:
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836:
824:passionfruit
821:
816:M. incognita
815:
814:
797:
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790:
786:
779:citron melon
774:
768:
766:
729:South Africa
720:
688:
684:
681:spiked melon
680:
677:horned melon
676:
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623:
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480:
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126:Cucurbitales
109:
96:
83:
70:
38:
18:
2268:kew-2747009
2201:NatureServe
2149:iNaturalist
2000:Wikispecies
1912:(cucamelon)
1828:Yubari King
1721:Santa Claus
1330:HortScience
1128:(in French)
858:Germination
854:Germination
849:Germination
813:buildup in
685:jelly melon
347:Thiamine (B
90:Angiosperms
2350:Categories
2263:Plant List
1846:Melon ball
1839:and dishes
1773:Charentais
1747:(cucumber)
1745:C. sativus
1676:Cantaloupe
1671:Barattiere
1610:and dishes
1568:Watermelon
1562:C. lanatus
1519:B. hispida
1310:2015-06-07
1171:2015-01-10
1066:2024-06-21
1019:2024-03-28
988:References
753:Mozambique
555:Phosphorus
2102:250100825
1903:Melon Day
1756:Cultivars
1681:Carosello
1576:C. amarus
1545:Citrullus
1502:Benincasa
1421:26 August
1416:0022-1589
1350:0018-5345
1253:26 August
1230:0022-300X
866:flowering
839:vitamin C
803:rootstock
791:gakachika
568:Potassium
542:Manganese
529:Magnesium
448:Vitamin C
431:Folate (B
415:Vitamin B
381:Niacin (B
154:Species:
60:Kingdom:
2315:Tropicos
2227:NSWFlora
2206:2.145176
2180:10596569
2167:116468-3
1985:Wikidata
1938:Category
1891:See also
1837:Products
1808:Montreal
1711:Honeydew
1691:Oriental
1608:Products
1365:"Kiwano"
1248:19262873
1060:Archived
1056:30844154
1013:Archived
1003:(2024).
887:Fusarium
862:Salinity
811:nematode
749:Zimbabwe
737:Botswana
697:cucumber
624:Quantity
549:0.039 mg
510:0.020 mg
476:Quantity
470:Minerals
425:0.063 mg
409:0.183 mg
392:0.565 mg
375:0.015 mg
358:0.025 mg
309:Quantity
303:Vitamins
132:Family:
103:Eudicots
2356:Cucumis
2320:9200854
2307:1931-23
2128:2874577
1950:Commons
1716:Persian
1699:C. melo
1664:C. melo
1656:Species
1647:Cucumis
1554:Species
1511:Species
1239:2620981
927:Gallery
921:pigment
733:Namibia
703:family
695:in the
633:88.97 g
601:0.48 mg
523:1.13 mg
490:Calcium
269:Protein
147:Cucumis
142:Genus:
122:Order:
64:Plantae
41:fruits
2371:Melons
2276:PLANTS
2255:314930
2239:NZOR:
2193:501835
2154:126238
2076:488083
2050:247385
2034:APDB:
2014:AoFP:
1991:Q41318
1851:Midori
1818:Sprite
1793:Kajari
1768:Banana
1763:Bailan
1706:Canary
1414:
1375:3 June
1348:
1246:
1236:
1228:
1195:
1157:
1092:7 June
1054:
1044:
828:banana
775:tsamma
773:) and
757:Angola
755:, and
745:Malawi
741:Zambia
717:spines
715:-like
707:. Its
689:kiwano
581:Sodium
575:123 mg
503:Copper
455:5.3 mg
276:1.78 g
252:1.26 g
228:7.56 g
205:Energy
185:E. Mey
116:Rosids
2302:SANBI
2281:CUME3
2219:61886
2175:IRMNG
2141:12574
2110:FoAO2
2089:CUMMT
2063:329TX
2037:26074
2024:APA:
1823:Sugar
1803:Mirza
1778:Crane
1686:Galia
1617:Egusi
1493:Melon
1133:, in
807:melon
727:, in
709:fruit
701:melon
687:, or
630:Water
562:37 mg
536:40 mg
497:13 mg
340:88 μg
110:Clade
97:Clade
84:Clade
71:Clade
2289:POWO
2214:NCBI
2188:ITIS
2162:IPNI
2136:GRIN
2123:GBIF
2084:EPPO
2045:APNI
2027:1665
1788:Hami
1783:Gaya
1423:2024
1412:ISSN
1377:2015
1346:ISSN
1255:2024
1244:PMID
1226:ISSN
1193:ISBN
1155:ISBN
1094:2015
1052:PMID
1042:ISBN
889:wilt
841:and
832:lime
787:gaka
713:horn
711:has
699:and
693:vine
594:Zinc
588:2 mg
516:Iron
442:3 μg
335:7 μg
2328:WFO
2097:FNA
2071:EoL
2058:CoL
2017:323
1455:in
1404:doi
1338:doi
1234:PMC
1009:FDA
789:or
534:10%
481:%DV
314:%DV
245:Fat
2352::
2330::
2317::
2304::
2291::
2278::
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2229::
2216::
2203::
2190::
2177::
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2138::
2125::
2112::
2099::
2086::
2073::
2060::
2047::
2002::
1987::
1410:.
1400:67
1398:.
1394:.
1367:.
1344:.
1334:26
1332:.
1328:.
1303:.
1285:.
1242:.
1232:.
1222:37
1220:.
1216:.
1113:.
1102:^
1084:.
1058:.
1050:.
1011:.
1007:.
913:pH
868:.
845:.
759:.
751:,
747:,
743:,
739:,
735:,
731:,
683:,
679:,
675:,
599:4%
586:0%
573:4%
560:3%
547:2%
521:6%
508:2%
495:1%
453:6%
440:1%
423:4%
407:4%
390:4%
373:1%
356:2%
338:1%
333:1%
112::
99::
86::
73::
1485:e
1478:t
1471:v
1425:.
1406::
1379:.
1352:.
1340::
1313:.
1271:.
1257:.
1201:.
1174:.
1117:.
1096:.
1069:.
1022:.
777:(
660:.
435:)
433:9
417:6
402:)
400:5
385:)
383:3
368:)
366:2
351:)
349:1
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
