113:
the ethnic or racial minorities (students), as compared to the racial majorities. There is minimal evidence supporting claims of cultural bias and cross-cultural examination is both possible and done frequently. As discussed above, the learning environment, the questions posed or situations given in the test may be familiar and strange at the same time to students from different backgrounds- the type of ambiguity in which intellectual differences become apparent in individual capacities to resolve the strange-yet-familiar entity.
2807:
1542:
2831:
2819:
105:). Although the concept of cultural bias in testing and assessment also pertains to score differences and potential misdiagnoses with respect to a broader range of psychological concepts, particularly in applied psychology and other social and behavioral sciences, this aspect of cultural bias has received less attention in the relevant literature.
167:
cultural groups". In addition, the different types of errors made on culture-biased tests are dependent on different cultural groups. The idea progressed to the conclusion that a non-cultural-test represents the ability of a population as intended and not the abilities of a group that is not represented.
112:
refers to the standardized psychological tests that are conducted to determine the level of intelligence among the test-takers. Limitations of such verbal or non-verbal intelligence tests have been observed since their introduction. Many tests have been objected to, as they produced poor results for
52:
Cultural bias occurs when people of a culture make assumptions about conventions, including conventions of language, notation, proof and evidence. They are then accused of mistaking these assumptions for laws of logic or nature. Numerous such biases exist, concerning cultural norms for color, mate
187:
has argued that "a grasp of the fact that past societies are very different from our own, and... very difficult to get to know" is an essential and fundamental skill of the professional historian; and that "anachronism is still one of the most obvious faults when the unqualified (those expert in
166:
society. A definition of the cultural bias was given as "the extent that the test contains cultural content that is generally peculiar to the members of one group but not to the members of another group", which leads to a belief that "the internal structure of the test will differ for different
93:) on measures of psychological constructs such as cognitive abilities, knowledge or skills (CAKS), or symptoms of psychopathology (e.g., depression). Historically, the term grew out of efforts to explain between group score differences on CAKS tests primarily of
125:
suggests that the cultural perception that two countries have of each other plays a large factor in the economic activity between them. The study suggests that low bilateral trust between two countries results in less trade, less
2428:
33:
is the interpretation and judgment of phenomena by the standards of one's own culture. It is sometimes considered a problem central to social and human sciences, such as
1412:
154:
It is thought that societies with conflicting beliefs will more likely have cultural bias, as it is dependent on the group's standing in society in which the
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1387:
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counterparts and concerns that test scores should not be interpreted in the same manner across those groups in the name of fairness and equality (see also
1417:
525:
2418:
442:
Mercer, Jane R. (March 1978). "Test "validity", "bias", and "fairness": An analysis from the perspective of the sociology of knowledge".
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Cultural bias may also arise in historical scholarship when the standards, assumptions and conventions of the historian's own era are
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756:
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311:
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affect how a problem is produced. One example of cultural bias within the context of sociology can be seen in a study done at the
49:. Some practitioners of these fields have attempted to develop methods and theories to compensate for or eliminate cultural bias.
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by Jane R. Mercer of how test "validity", "bias", and "fairness" in different cultural belief systems affect one's future in a
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871:
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1874:
1620:
671:
Helms, Janet E. (30 January 2010). "Cultural Bias in
Psychological Testing". In Weiner, I. B.; Craighead, W. E. (eds.).
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994:
294:
Helms, Janet (January 30, 2010). "Cultural Bias in
Psychological Testing". In Weiner, I. B.; Craighead, W. E. (eds.).
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109:
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1357:
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definition. Instead, its presence is inferred from differential performance of socioracial (e.g.,
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2004:
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999:
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2014:
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Boholm, Ă…sa (1996). "Risk perception and social anthropology: Critique of cultural theory".
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in anthropology explains that cultural bias is a critical piece of human group formation.
90:
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82:
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1119:
1079:
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used to report and to assess events of the past. The tendency is sometimes known as
17:
2757:
2702:
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2675:
2645:
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2104:
1788:
1768:
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74:
70:
42:
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38:
547:
Test and
Measurement: bias and cultural diversity in psychological assessment
2660:
2059:
1465:
952:
709:
121:
Cultural bias in economic exchange is often overlooked. A study done at the
86:
46:
34:
608:
27:
Interpretation and judgement of phenomena by the standards of one's culture
1424:
1309:
1531:
455:
134:. The effect is amplified for goods, as they are more trust-intensive.
78:
1842:
663:
425:
701:
57:
and logical validity, the acceptability of evidence, and taboos.
823:
1504:
796:
298:. Wiley Online Library, American Cancer Society. pp. 1–3.
183:, and is regarded by many historians as a fault to be avoided.
774:"Understanding the phenomena of cultural bias with examples"
373:"Understanding the Phenomena of Cultural Bias With Examples"
484:
Historians' Fallacies: toward a logic of historical thought
1500:
792:
327:
Reynolds, Cecil R.; Suzuki, Lisa A. (26 September 2012),
97:
and Latino/Latina
American test takers relative to their
518:
The New Nature of
History: knowledge, evidence, language
704:. Brussels: Centre de Recherche sur le Plurilinguisme.
635:
Guiso, Luigi; Sapienza, Paola; Zingales, Luigi (2009).
397:
Guiso, Luigi; Sapienza, Paola; Zingales, Luigi (2009).
188:
other disciplines, perhaps) attempt to do history."
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2386:
2143:
1883:
1746:
1603:
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1453:
1318:
1193:
830:
749:
Cultural Issues in
Psychology: a student's handbook
481:
1516:
808:
8:
1523:
1509:
1501:
1471:Heuristics in judgment and decision-making
815:
801:
793:
728:Spielberger, Charles Donald, ed. (2004).
637:"Cultural Biases in Economic Exchange?"
488:. New York: Harper & Row. pp.
399:"Cultural Biases in Economic Exchange?"
286:
675:. Wiley Online Library. pp. 1–3.
673:The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology
296:The Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology
520:. Basingstoke: Palgrave. p. 63.
7:
2818:
2419:Role of Christianity in civilization
618:Psychology: the ultimate study guide
437:
435:
2830:
545:Afolabi, Olusegun Emmanuel (2014).
730:Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology
329:"Bias in Psychological Assessment"
25:
2829:
2817:
2806:
2805:
1540:
681:10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0244
360:– via Wiley Online Library
304:10.1002/9780470479216.corpsy0244
53:selection, concepts of justice,
2631:Culture and positive psychology
1541:
341:10.1002/9781118133880.hop210004
2070:High- and low-context cultures
644:Quarterly Journal of Economics
406:Quarterly Journal of Economics
1:
620:. London: Letts Educational.
578:10.1080/00141844.1996.9981528
85:), or national groups (e.g.,
2636:Culture and social cognition
1621:Cross-cultural communication
698:Seidner, Stanley S. (1982).
656:10.1162/qjec.2009.124.3.1095
418:10.1162/qjec.2009.124.3.1095
371:PsycholoGenie (2015-05-30).
2718:Intercultural communication
1337:DĂ©formation professionnelle
732:. Elsevier Academic Press.
2901:
2161:Cross cultural sensitivity
1828:Resistance through culture
1331:Basking in reflected glory
747:Stevenson, Andrew (2010).
269:Ultimate attribution error
244:Observer-expectancy effect
2801:
2773:Transformation of culture
2206:Cultural environmentalism
1636:Cross-cultural psychology
1631:Cross-cultural psychiatry
1626:Cross-cultural leadership
1538:
1479:
1461:Cognitive bias mitigation
239:Goodness and value theory
234:Framing (social sciences)
2733:Living things in culture
2723:Intercultural competence
2626:Culture and menstruation
2125:Trans-cultural diffusion
1045:Illusion of transparency
160:University of California
2544:Cultural homogenization
1774:Individualistic culture
1708:Popular culture studies
1693:Intercultural relations
616:Flanagan, Cara (2004).
333:onlinelibrary.wiley.com
123:Northwestern University
2479:Archaeological culture
2226:Cultural globalization
2095:Organizational culture
1943:Cultural communication
1901:Cultural appropriation
1688:Intercultural learning
1616:Cross-cultural studies
585:Douglas, Mary (1982).
259:Social learning theory
2870:Cultural anthropology
2748:Participatory culture
2539:Cultural evolutionism
2363:Multiracial democracy
2241:Cultural intelligence
2186:Cultural conservatism
2176:Cultural backwardness
2166:Cultural assimilation
2040:Cultural reproduction
1896:Cultural appreciation
1848:Far-right subcultures
1738:Transcultural nursing
1703:Philosophy of culture
1580:Cultural neuroscience
1560:Cultural anthropology
1413:Arab–Israeli conflict
1140:Social influence bias
1085:Out-group homogeneity
751:. London: Routledge.
593:. London: Routledge.
249:Out-group homogeneity
110:psychological testing
65:Cultural bias has no
2743:Oppositional culture
2713:Emotions and culture
2621:Cultural sensibility
2611:Cultural translation
2549:Cultural institution
2529:Cultural determinism
2251:Cultural nationalism
2236:Cultural imperialism
2196:Cultural deprivation
2090:Non-material culture
1723:Sociology of culture
1718:Semiotics of culture
1055:Mere-exposure effect
985:Extrinsic incentives
931:Selective perception
224:Environmental racism
156:social constructions
128:portfolio investment
103:Cognitive dissonance
18:Cultural assumptions
2594:Culture speculation
2589:Cultural relativism
2519:Cultural competence
2409:Cultural Christians
2281:Cultural Revolution
2271:Cultural radicalism
2246:Cultural liberalism
2181:Cultural Bolshevism
2156:Consumer capitalism
2110:Relational mobility
2050:Cultural technology
1958:Cultural dissonance
1875:Culture by location
1838:Alternative culture
1754:Constructed culture
1733:Theology of culture
1673:Cultural psychology
1653:Cultural entomology
1280:Social desirability
1175:von Restorff effect
1050:Mean world syndrome
1025:Hostile attribution
591:In the Active Voice
219:Embodied philosophy
2753:Permission culture
2686:Disability culture
2666:Children's culture
2534:Cultural diversity
2494:Circuit of culture
2276:Cultural retention
2256:Cultural pessimism
2211:Cultural exception
2201:Cultural diplomacy
2191:Cultural contracts
2151:Colonial mentality
2080:Manuscript culture
2055:Cultural universal
2025:Cultural pluralism
2005:Cultural landscape
2000:Cultural invention
1968:Cultural framework
1870:Vernacular culture
1668:Cultural mediation
1648:Cultural economics
1643:Cultural analytics
1575:Cultural geography
1565:Cultural astronomy
1195:Statistical biases
973:Curse of knowledge
780:. 24 February 2018
456:10.1007/BF01807733
209:Cultural pluralism
2852:
2851:
2681:Death and culture
2574:Cultural movement
2564:Cultural literacy
2424:Eastern Orthodoxy
2336:Dominator culture
2331:Deculturalization
2231:Cultural hegemony
2221:Cultural genocide
2216:Cultural feminism
2035:Cultural property
2030:Cultural practice
2015:Cultural leveling
2010:Cultural learning
1995:Cultural industry
1990:Cultural identity
1973:Cultural heritage
1963:Cultural emphasis
1948:Cultural conflict
1921:Cultural behavior
1911:Cultural artifact
1823:Primitive culture
1799:Political culture
1498:
1497:
1135:Social comparison
916:Choice-supportive
527:978-0-333-96447-7
478:Fischer, David H.
377:psychologenie.com
204:Confirmation bias
177:anachronistically
132:direct investment
108:Cultural bias in
77:), ethnic (e.g.,
16:(Redirected from
2892:
2865:Cognitive biases
2833:
2832:
2821:
2820:
2809:
2808:
2698:Drinking culture
2651:Culture industry
2599:Cultural tourism
2579:Cultural mulatto
2554:Cultural jet lag
2489:Cannabis culture
2446:Cultural Muslims
2368:Pluriculturalism
2351:Multiculturalism
2341:Interculturalism
2316:Culture minister
2306:Cultural Zionism
2301:Cultural subsidy
2296:Cultural silence
2171:Cultural attaché
2130:Transculturation
2085:Material culture
2075:Interculturality
1931:Cultural capital
1916:Cultural baggage
1853:Youth subculture
1794:Official culture
1759:Dominant culture
1698:Internet culture
1663:Cultural mapping
1658:Cultural history
1585:Cultural studies
1570:Cultural ecology
1544:
1543:
1525:
1518:
1511:
1502:
1295:Systematic error
1250:Omitted-variable
1165:Trait ascription
1005:Frog pond effect
833:Cognitive biases
817:
810:
803:
794:
789:
787:
785:
762:
743:
724:
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721:
712:. Archived from
694:
667:
650:(3): 1095–1131.
641:
631:
612:
581:
560:
532:
531:
510:
504:
503:
487:
474:
468:
467:
439:
430:
429:
412:(3): 1095–1131.
403:
394:
388:
387:
385:
383:
368:
362:
361:
359:
357:
324:
318:
317:
291:
264:Theory-ladenness
254:Social Darwinism
95:African American
21:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2797:
2788:Western culture
2783:Welfare culture
2708:Eastern culture
2569:Cultural mosaic
2524:Cultural critic
2514:Cultural center
2462:
2436:Cultural Hindus
2382:
2373:Polyculturalism
2346:Monoculturalism
2321:Culture of fear
2291:Cultural safety
2286:Cultural rights
2266:Cultural racism
2261:Cultural policy
2139:
2045:Cultural system
2020:Cultural memory
1953:Cultural cringe
1879:
1811:Popular culture
1742:
1678:Cultural values
1599:
1548:
1534:
1529:
1499:
1494:
1475:
1449:
1314:
1189:
1170:Turkey illusion
938:Compassion fade
835:
826:
821:
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772:
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759:
746:
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727:
719:
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691:
670:
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628:
615:
601:
587:"Cultural bias"
584:
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549:. Grin Verlag.
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541:
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514:Marwick, Arthur
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142:The concept of
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63:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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2875:Value (ethics)
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2638:
2633:
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2623:
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2613:
2608:
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2596:
2591:
2586:
2584:Cultural probe
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2509:Cross-cultural
2506:
2504:Coffee culture
2501:
2496:
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2474:Animal culture
2470:
2468:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2455:
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2449:
2448:
2438:
2433:
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2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2384:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2378:Transculturism
2375:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2359:
2358:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
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2311:Culture change
2308:
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2253:
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2228:
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2183:
2178:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2153:
2147:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2138:
2137:
2135:Visual culture
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2115:Safety culture
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1936:Cross-cultural
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31:Cultural bias
19:
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2758:Rape culture
2703:Drug culture
2691:Deaf culture
2676:Cyberculture
2646:Culture hero
2559:Cultural lag
2499:Civilization
2399:Christianity
2105:Protoculture
1925:
1789:Microculture
1769:High culture
1764:Folk culture
1713:Postcritique
1368:In education
1335:
1319:Other biases
1305:Verification
1290:Survivorship
1240:Non-response
1213:Healthy user
1155:Substitution
1130:Self-serving
947:
926:Confirmation
894:Availability
842:Acquiescence
782:. Retrieved
777:
748:
729:
718:. Retrieved
714:the original
700:
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647:
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617:
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569:
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539:Bibliography
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380:. Retrieved
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366:
354:, retrieved
332:
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295:
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274:Xenocentrism
174:
153:
141:
138:Anthropology
120:
107:
66:
64:
51:
43:anthropology
30:
29:
2836:WikiProject
2768:Tea culture
2671:Culturalism
2641:Culture gap
2604:Pop-culture
2404:Catholicism
2326:Culture war
1784:Low culture
1683:Culturomics
1590:Culturology
1435:Publication
1388:Vietnam War
1235:Length time
1218:Information
1160:Time-saving
1020:Horn effect
1010:Halo effect
958:Distinction
867:Attribution
862:Attentional
450:(1): 1–16.
444:Interchange
214:Determinism
164:pluralistic
130:, and less
2859:Categories
1833:Subculture
1611:Bioculture
1398:South Asia
1373:Liking gap
1185:In animals
1150:Status quo
1065:Negativity
968:Egocentric
943:Congruence
921:Commitment
911:Blind spot
899:Mean world
889:Automation
720:2016-05-11
281:References
181:presentism
81:/Latinas,
61:Psychology
55:linguistic
39:psychology
2661:Culturgen
2429:Mormonism
2387:Religions
2060:Cultureme
1978:Destroyed
1604:Subfields
1466:Debiasing
1445:White hat
1440:Reporting
1353:Inductive
1270:Selection
1230:Lead time
1203:Estimator
1180:Zero-risk
1145:Spotlight
1125:Restraint
1115:Proximity
1100:Precision
1060:Narrative
1015:Hindsight
1000:Frequency
980:Emotional
953:Declinism
884:Authority
857:Anchoring
847:Ambiguity
664:1814/7496
464:145729742
426:1814/7496
382:April 19,
150:Sociology
117:Economics
87:Americans
47:sociology
35:economics
2812:Category
2394:Buddhism
2144:Politics
1553:Sciences
1363:Inherent
1326:Academic
1300:Systemic
1285:Spectrum
1265:Sampling
1245:Observer
1208:Forecast
1120:Response
1080:Optimism
1075:Omission
1070:Normalcy
1040:In-group
1035:Implicit
948:Cultural
852:Affinity
710:51685367
516:(2001).
480:(1970).
192:See also
91:Japanese
67:a priori
2843:Changes
2824:Commons
2467:Related
2458:Sikhism
2453:Judaism
1884:Aspects
1546:Outline
1532:Culture
1485:General
1483:Lists:
1418:Ukraine
1343:Funding
1105:Present
1090:Outcome
995:Framing
784:27 June
609:7948115
356:29 July
171:History
79:Latinos
1843:Fandom
1490:Memory
1403:Sweden
1393:Norway
1260:Recall
1030:Impact
906:Belief
824:Biases
755:
736:
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687:
624:
607:
597:
566:Ethnos
553:
524:
496:
462:
347:
310:
83:Anglos
75:Whites
71:Blacks
45:, and
2441:Islam
1816:Urban
1804:Civic
1747:Types
1378:Media
1348:FUTON
640:(PDF)
490:137–9
460:S2CID
402:(PDF)
2885:Bias
1858:list
786:2018
753:ISBN
734:ISBN
706:OCLC
685:ISBN
622:ISBN
605:OCLC
595:ISBN
551:ISBN
522:ISBN
494:ISBN
384:2018
358:2021
345:ISBN
308:ISBN
1425:Net
1310:Wet
677:doi
660:hdl
652:doi
648:124
574:doi
452:doi
422:hdl
414:doi
410:124
337:doi
300:doi
2861::
776:.
683:.
658:.
646:.
642:.
603:.
589:.
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