287:
3056:
412:
756:
868:
2361:
158:
19:
595:
1030:
contracts the disease after an altercation with a diseased farmer, giving him only a short time to live following his diagnosis. Faced with his own mortality, he becomes more conscious of his actions and tries to better himself in the time he has left, doing his best to give the remaining members of
260:
either had the disease or were surrounded by people who did. A widespread belief was that tuberculosis assisted artistic talent, as witness the number of great artists who were affected. Physical mechanisms proposed for this effect included the slight
2819:
956:, where the character Movitz catches the disease: Epistle no. 30, dedicated "Till fader Movitz, under dess sjukdom, lungsoten. Elegi" ("To father Movitz, during his illness, consumption. An elegy"), has the lines
671:
portrays tuberculosis as common among cattle reaching the meat-packing plants of
Chicago. Sinclair wrote that "men welcomed tuberculosis in the cattle they were feeding, because it made them fatten more quickly".
2764:
2140:
Kekkaku (Tuberculosis) This disease also existed in Japan and, while it does not show up much in stories set in a contemporary setting, it does appear in anime and manga set in earlier times... In
2809:
2799:
693:, the idealistic protagonist, Dr. Andrew Manson, is dedicated to treating Welsh miners suffering from tuberculosis. He later assists a tuberculosis specialist in successfully performing a
351:-like quack doctor who forces her to sing herself to death by conjuring the shade of her dead mother, an opera singer. Numerous stage and film adaptations have been made, usually titled
2784:
675:
Some novels take a medical point of view on the disease, with doctors as major characters, and sometimes an intense use of medical language and procedure. For example, in
2465:
2089:
395:
is a dramatic reading with music in six acts by
Cecilia and Jens Jorgensen for narrator, two sopranos and piano. It enacts the true-life romance of the composer
2754:
938:, of a tuberculosis sufferer with a sunken chest. It is the only known work by an anonymous patient in an English asylum who died of the disease in the 1950s.
2963:
2006:
1461:
1281:
2749:
1830:'If you don't cry when Bing Crosby tells Ingrid Bergman she has tuberculosis', Joseph McBride wrote in 1973, 'I never want to meet you, and that's that.'
3018:
648:, one of Anne's childhood friends, dies of "the galloping consumption". Little Eva's romanticised death of consumption occurs over several chapters in
1722:
286:
1943:
389:, where the protagonist, Edmund, is diagnosed with tuberculosis at the start of the play; his mental anguish forms a substantial part of the drama.
3105:
2620:
825:
is referred to as a "lunger", and tuberculosis motivates his actions throughout the film. He dies of consumption near the end. In the 1994 film
2794:
2247:
1975:
2133:
2073:
1782:
1679:
1492:
1444:
1261:
1163:
1598:
3055:
2625:
1390:
972:
singer, sang about the woes of his tuberculosis in the song "T.B. Blues" (co-written with
Raymond E. Hall) which he recorded in 1931 at
843:) had the disease, and her fear of being sent away 'for the good of her health' played a large role in determining subsequent actions.
3110:
2433:
2032:
1031:
the Van der Linde gang an opportunity at a better life following his death, all the while seeking redemption for his past behaviour.
2561:
1753:
575:
used the tuberculosis theme repeatedly: the disease is the likely cause of the spinal deformity of the hunchback in his 1831 novel
411:
755:
545:'s 1938 short story "Sanatorium" was set in the north of Scotland (based on his own experience in a Scottish sanatorium in 1919),
3146:
2789:
2615:
1045:
385:
2429:
980:
in 1932, but ultimately died of the disease days after a New York City recording session. The tuberculosis theme is reworked in
2360:
965:
707:
507:
for long periods. Several novels by different authors have been set in Swiss sanatoriums for tuberculosis sufferers, including
488:
2448:
2350:
50:
and artistic qualities in its sufferers, and was known as "the romantic disease". Many artistic figures, including the poet
634:
focuses on
Patricia Hollman's love of life in light of her ultimately futile struggle with tuberculosis. In the 1915 novel
3023:
2915:
2759:
2744:
931:
867:
3082:
2769:
2203:
1888:
1076:
1040:
1012:. It tells the tale of a boy and his uncle who shrink to microscopic scale to fight the disease inside a child's body.
2956:
2949:
2905:
2288:
2104:
577:
3064:
2880:
2703:
2399:
2240:
779:
764:
747:
describes her nine months stay at a tuberculosis sanatorium and tuberculosis treatment in the pre-antibiotics era.
184:
qualities in its sufferers, and was also known as "the romantic disease". Major artistic figures such as the poets
133:
36:
2010:
2728:
2668:
2345:
2318:
1285:
1104:
Lemlein, Rhoda F. (1981). "Influence Of
Tuberculosis On The Work Of Visual Artists: Several Prominent Examples".
2160:
1619:
3115:
2996:
2850:
1208:"A literary approach to tuberculosis: lessons learned from Anton Chekhov, Franz Kafka, and Katherine Mansfield"
1027:
176:, known variously as consumption, phthisis, and the great white plague, was long thought to be associated with
166:
2418:
815:
movie (1962), Ichi's opponent Hirate has the disease, making him wish to die fighting Ichi. In the 1993 film
2855:
2635:
2497:
2438:
2378:
2303:
1072:
702:
686:
429:
353:
333:
269:
caused by the disease, which allegedly helped them to see life more clearly and to act decisively. In 1680
2930:
2920:
2814:
2410:
2323:
2272:
1950:
1825:
895:
885:'s wife Saskia seems to have died of the disease aged 29; he drew her both when sick and on her deathbed.
630:
229:
27:
3141:
3006:
2910:
2804:
2571:
2516:
2423:
2233:
1022:
661:
The disease is not limited to human characters, but can help to achieve grim social realism in a novel.
649:
612:
455:
343:
325:
292:
2678:
2175:
952:
396:
197:
55:
3045:
3040:
2991:
2986:
2860:
2774:
2392:
2328:
947:
654:
641:
625:
603:
518:
449:
237:
189:
1566:
3035:
3001:
2824:
2779:
2385:
2335:
2308:
1983:
1603:
1051:
773:
721:
681:
546:
542:
225:
209:
1432:
3072:
3013:
2972:
2083:
1543:
1521:
1413:
1129:
1121:
973:
912:
849:
827:
636:
621:
526:
513:
436:
245:
75:
379:
A variety of plays have featured the theme of a character dying of tuberculosis. This includes
157:
2443:
2281:
2208:
2129:
2069:
1889:"TB or Not TB? Did Val Kilmer portray the lunger Doc Holliday accurately in 1993's Tombstone?"
1778:
1675:
1488:
1440:
1372:
1257:
1251:
1229:
1159:
1153:
806:
731:
587:
551:
534:
493:
483:
440:
424:
380:
338:
257:
217:
18:
2123:
1799:
1772:
3077:
2708:
2293:
1734:
1650:
1571:
1362:
1354:
1219:
1113:
908:
817:
624:, tells the tale of the testing of anti-tuberculosis drugs on unwitting subjects in Africa.
617:
598:
253:
241:
213:
729:(1979) compares the metaphorical portrayal of the disease to cancer. In his autobiography
46:
has appeared in many forms in human culture. The disease was for centuries associated with
3120:
2925:
2698:
2688:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2036:
1865:
798:
744:
565:
473:
368:
305:
193:
100:
2718:
304:
have exploited the theme of heroines dying tragically of tuberculosis, including Mimì in
2663:
2313:
1655:
1638:
1594:
1367:
1342:
1184:
809:) whose illness is being used by his organization as a biological weapon. In the first
794:
784:
759:
662:
556:
478:
315:
138:
110:
65:
Tuberculosis has played prominent and recurring roles in diverse fields. These include
960:("Movitz, your consumption is taking you to the grave"). It appears, too, in American
739:
portrays the prevalence and impact of consumption during his childhood in
Ireland. In
3135:
2713:
2683:
2541:
2369:
1133:
969:
832:
789:
777:
Greta Garbo portrays
Marguerite Gautier, who dies from the disease. In the 1945 film
736:
469:
363:
201:
2144:
two historical personages, Okita Soji and
Takasugi, have TB ... The eighth story in
1310:
2900:
2890:
2875:
2723:
2556:
2546:
2502:
2480:
2298:
2256:
2180:
1914:
1005:
981:
900:
886:
871:
844:
840:
836:
822:
726:
698:
694:
676:
249:
173:
124:
88:
59:
43:
32:
22:
310:
105:
42:
Through its effect on the world's population and major artists in various fields,
2176:"Red Dead Redemption 2 players are frantically searching for a tuberculosis cure"
881:
Several major artists have depicted tuberculosis from their personal experience.
697:
on a girl who is dying from the disease. Shame is brought to
Sheilagh Fielding's
2829:
2693:
2579:
2551:
2531:
2526:
2453:
985:
961:
645:
572:
508:
415:
320:
270:
221:
205:
115:
92:
70:
1404:
Hinden, Michael (1990). "The
Pharmacology of 'Long Day's Journey Into Night'".
1284:. Humanities Capstone Projects (PhD Thesis), Pacific University. Archived from
1224:
1207:
3030:
2895:
2673:
2536:
2521:
2470:
2340:
2277:
920:
854:
801:) who is obsessed with curing tuberculosis in his patients, including a young
690:
667:
504:
400:
266:
233:
185:
162:
80:
66:
51:
1892:
1004:. For example, an early manga work by the influential author and illustrator
2587:
2511:
2485:
2475:
2458:
882:
461:
1376:
1358:
1233:
610:
Many other novels have tuberculosis as a major plot element. For example,
290:
The death of Antonia from tuberculosis in the original 1881 production of
2885:
1738:
899:, of his mother and his sister Sophie, both of whom died of the disease.
811:
771:
Many films have dramatised the effects of tuberculosis. In the 1936 film
444:
348:
324:
features the consumptive Violetta Valéry, based on Marguerite Gautier in
2820:
Phipps Institute for the Study, Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis
1695:
1417:
889:
returned to the theme many times in his career, including his paintings
3087:
2834:
2204:"What Red Dead Redemption 2 gets right about having a terminal disease"
1125:
582:
503:
When tuberculosis was essentially incurable, many patients stayed in a
419:
371:, the historical Lady of the Camellias, died of the disease at age 23.
141:
as a nun with tuberculosis. The disease also appears in fields such as
1842:
1462:"Katherine Byrne, Tuberculosis and the Victorian Literary Imagination"
601:'s 1853 illustration of Eva, who romantically dies of consumption in
2941:
2870:
2865:
2597:
2592:
1774:
Living to Tell about it: A Rhetoric and Ethics of Character Narration
988:", in which the narrator nurses a girl who is dying of tuberculosis.
802:
762:
playing Sister Benedict, who contracts tuberculosis in the 1945 film
47:
1117:
367:, where Satine dies of tuberculosis. The real life Paris courtesan
2125:
The Anime Companion 2: More What's Japanese in Japanese Animation?
2059:
1001:
997:
866:
754:
594:
593:
410:
301:
285:
262:
156:
146:
142:
96:
84:
853:
describes the romantic relationship of Fanny Brawne and the poet
468:
The disease features, too, in a variety of English novels of the
361:
in English-language versions, and more loosely, as the 2001 film
31:, 1885–86, depicts the illness of his sister Sophie, who died of
399:, who had the disease, and "the Swedish nightingale"—the singer
177:
128:
2945:
2229:
2225:
1282:"'Half in Love with Easeful Death:' Tuberculosis in Literature"
1020:
Tuberculosis plays a major role in the 2018 western video game
787:
portrays Sister Benedict, a nun who suffers from tuberculosis.
1674:. Vol. 3. University of Toronto Press. pp. 155–171.
1155:
Consumption and Literature: The Making of the Romantic Disease
711:, as she has tuberculosis even though her father is a doctor.
181:
127:'s painting of his first wife Camille on her deathbed; and in
120:
2765:
European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership
1670:
Lefebvre, Benjamin, ed. (2015). "Anne of the Island (1915)".
585:
becomes ill and ultimately dies from consumption in his 1862
1866:"Blind Swordfighting and Consumption: The Tale of Zatoichi"
273:
referred to it as "the captain of all these men of death".
1723:"Politics and the Medical Hero: A.J. Cronin's The Citadel"
1391:"What's "Consumption," and Why Did It Kill Nicole Kidman?"
62:, either had the disease or were close to others who did.
2810:
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Structural Genomics Consortium
2800:
International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
2009:. Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database. Archived from
1567:"'PabellĂłn de reposo', el amargo destino del tuberculoso"
347:, Antonia has tuberculosis and is under the control of a
919:
depicts his wife Augustine lying sick with the disease.
35:
when Edvard was 14; his mother too died of the disease.
2785:
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
719:
Among the many nonfiction treatments of tuberculosis,
555:
is inspired by his own stay at a sanatorium in Spain,
2068:]. Stockholm: Informationsförlaget. p. 110.
857:, ending with Keats's death of the disease, aged 25.
439:
frequently made use of characters with tuberculosis.
3098:
3063:
2979:
2843:
2737:
2634:
2608:
2570:
2496:
2409:
2368:
2263:
1485:
Tuberculosis and the Victorian Literary Imagination
563:was set in upper New York State, and Linda Grant's
2466:Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility assay
2007:"Art Annotations: Munch, Edvard - The Sick Child"
2058:Kleveland, Åse; Svenolov Ehrén (illus.) (1984).
1696:"Upton Sinclair Hits His Readers in the Stomach"
2035:. American Visionary Art Museum. Archived from
1819:
1817:
1522:"Pulmonary Tuberculosis/In Literature and Art"
1516:
1514:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1506:
1504:
2957:
2755:Center for Global Infectious Disease Research
2241:
1275:
1273:
1099:
1097:
1095:
8:
2148:includes Izawa, a samurai suffering from TB.
2088:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1915:"Heavenly Creatures Comprehensive Storyform"
1464:. British Society for Literature and Science
1336:
1334:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1212:International Journal of Infectious Diseases
1147:
1145:
1143:
1944:"Tuberculosis Throughout History: The Arts"
1643:Journal of the National Medical Association
1437:International Encyclopedia of Public Health
1315:Journal of the American Medical Association
1245:
1243:
958:Movitz, din Lungsot, den drar dig i grafven
169:c. 1822, died of tuberculosis aged 25.
2964:
2950:
2942:
2750:Campaign for Access to Essential Medicines
2248:
2234:
2226:
1305:
1303:
934:contains a life-size applewood sculpture,
428:) with consumption in an 1886 painting by
1864:Edmundson-Cornell, Harry (9 March 2015).
1654:
1620:"Cries and whispers in the TB sanitorium"
1524:. McMaster University History of Diseases
1366:
1223:
927:depicts a tuberculosis ward in New York.
3106:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
1938:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1777:. Cornell University Press. p. 71.
17:
3019:Huntington's disease in popular culture
2621:Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis
1639:"Movie Reviews "The Constant Gardener""
1253:A William Somerset Maugham Encyclopedia
1091:
1064:
620:, and its movie adaptation directed by
2795:International Congress on Tuberculosis
2081:
2005:Bertman, Sandra L (19 November 2003).
1754:"Books: The afterlife of a politician"
447:repeatedly, with Katerina Ivanovna in
1824:Corliss, Richard (22 December 2008).
1711:Quote is from Chapter 9 of the novel.
1256:. Greenwood Publishing. p. 245.
1179:
1177:
1175:
7:
1599:"A languorous novel of tuberculosis"
1343:"At the Deathbed of Consumptive Art"
2626:Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis
1891:. Truewest Magazine. Archived from
1158:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 215.
3111:Artificial intelligence in fiction
2174:Davidson, Tom (13 November 2018).
2128:. Stone Bridge Press. p. 44.
1982:. The Munch Museum. Archived from
1637:Butts, Heather M. (October 2006).
1341:Morens, David M. (November 2002).
443:used the theme of the consumptive
14:
2066:The songs and Epistles of Fredman
905:Camille Monet sur son lit de mort
876:Camille Monet sur son lit de mort
569:was set in the Kent countryside.
3054:
2790:Global Plan to Stop Tuberculosis
2616:Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
2359:
1802:. University of Washington Press
1565:MĂguez, MarĂa (30 August 2010).
1046:Human interactions with microbes
946:A tuberculosis theme appears in
930:The permanent collection of the
459:, and both Ippolit and Marie in
2202:Gumeny, Eirik (12 March 2019).
2105:"Van Morrison – 10 of the best"
2103:Thomson, Graeme (1 June 2016).
1843:"Drunken Angel. Akira Kurosawa"
1826:"Top 10 Worst Christmas Movies"
1439:. Academic Press. p. 241.
1026:. In the game, the protagonist
708:The Colony of Unrequited Dreams
2449:Interferon gamma release assay
2351:Post-tuberculosis lung disease
2061:Fredmans epistlar & sĂĄnger
1752:Dougary, Ginny (3 July 1999).
1487:. Cambridge University Press.
1280:Wilsey, Ashley M. (May 2012).
1:
3024:Tuberculosis in human culture
2916:Tuberculosis in human culture
2760:Cure Cottages of Saranac Lake
2745:Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium
2142:Samurai X: Trust and Betrayal
1727:The English Historical Review
996:Tuberculosis also appears in
932:American Visionary Art Museum
539:Ships That Pass in the Night.
386:Long Day's Journey into Night
3083:Extraterrestrials in fiction
2161:"Osamu Tezuka, God of Manga"
1887:Kornberg, Jim (2 May 2008).
1618:Hill, Susan (October 2016).
1347:Emerging Infectious Diseases
1311:"Tuberculosis (whole issue)"
1206:Vilaplana, Cristina (2017).
1041:List of tuberculosis victims
797:, is the story of a doctor (
687:a 1938 film of the same name
2906:Tuberculosis classification
2289:Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
1672:The L. M. Montgomery Reader
835:and based on a true story,
3163:
2881:List of tuberculosis cases
2400:Mycobacterium tuberculosis
1225:10.1016/j.ijid.2016.12.012
393:Chopin and The Nightingale
3052:
2770:Glen Lake Children's Camp
2729:Edward Livingston Trudeau
2669:Friedrich Franz Friedmann
2357:
2346:Giant multinucleated cell
2319:Tuberculous lymphadenitis
1980:Works from the collection
1544:"The Rack by A. E. Ellis"
1483:Byrne, Katherine (2011).
1406:The Eugene O'Neill Review
1321:(22): cover. 8 June 2005.
1250:Rogal, Samuel J. (1997).
1071:Her nickname alludes to
359:The Lady of the Camellias
3116:Living things in culture
2997:Hindu views on evolution
2851:Tuberculosis elimination
2430:Löwenstein–Jensen medium
2122:Poitras, Gilles (2005).
1431:O'Connor, Terry (2016).
1185:"About Chopin's illness"
3147:Tuberculosis in fiction
2856:2007 tuberculosis scare
2636:History of tuberculosis
2439:Chest photofluorography
2379:Mycobacterium africanum
2033:"Recovery by Anonymous"
1949:. USAID. Archived from
1721:McKibbin, Ross (2008).
1433:"Tuberculosis:Overview"
1073:Hans Christian Andersen
780:The Bells of St. Mary's
765:The Bells of St. Mary's
430:Margaret Bernadine Hall
134:The Bells of St. Mary's
37:Nasjonalgalleriet, Oslo
2931:World Tuberculosis Day
2921:Tuberculosis radiology
2815:National Jewish Health
2411:Tuberculosis diagnosis
2324:Tuberculous meningitis
2273:Pulmonary tuberculosis
1868:. Sequart Organization
1771:Phelan, James (2005).
1359:10.3201/eid0811.020549
978:Whippin' That Old T.B.
878:
768:
607:
432:
297:
230:Robert Louis Stevenson
170:
39:
3007:Speculative evolution
2911:Tuberculosis in China
2805:Millennium Foundation
2517:4-Aminosalicylic acid
2424:Auramine phenol stain
2370:Mycobacterium species
2266:associated conditions
1393:. Slate. 5 June 2001.
1023:Red Dead Redemption 2
907:shows his first wife
870:
758:
679:'s best-known novel,
650:Harriet Beecher Stowe
613:The Constant Gardener
597:
414:
344:The Tales of Hoffmann
293:The Tales of Hoffmann
289:
160:
21:
3046:Symbiosis in fiction
3041:Parasites in fiction
2987:Evolution in fiction
2861:Baumgarten-Tangl law
2775:Glen Lake Sanatorium
2393:Mycobacterium caprae
2329:Miliary tuberculosis
2304:Canga's bead symptom
2264:Symptoms, signs and
948:Carl Michael Bellman
642:Anne of Green Gables
626:Erich Maria Remarque
450:Crime and Punishment
334:La Dame aux Camélias
238:Jean-Antoine Watteau
190:Percy Bysshe Shelley
3036:Genetics in fiction
3002:Social degeneration
2825:Stop TB Partnership
2780:Glenn Dale Hospital
2419:Ziehl–Neelsen stain
2386:Mycobacterium bovis
2336:Latent tuberculosis
2163:. Legacy.com. 2011.
1895:on 28 February 2018
1604:The Daily Telegraph
1152:Lawlor, C. (2006).
1052:Illness as Metaphor
976:. He also recorded
722:Illness as Metaphor
640:, the third in the
578:Notre-Dame de Paris
543:W. Somerset Maugham
435:Nineteenth-century
422:(in his 1862 novel
226:W. Somerset Maugham
210:Katherine Mansfield
165:, here depicted by
131:, such as the 1945
3073:Arthropods in film
3014:Disease in fiction
2980:Aspects of biology
2973:Biology in fiction
2679:Philip D'Arcy Hart
1800:"The Plague and I"
1798:MacDonald, Betty.
1739:10.1093/ehr/cen162
1288:on 11 October 2017
974:San Antonio, Texas
953:Fredman's Epistles
913:Eugeen Van Mieghem
879:
828:Heavenly Creatures
769:
685:(1937), made into
637:Anne of the Island
622:Fernando Meirelles
608:
561:The Air We Breathe
527:Liselotte Marshall
514:The Magic Mountain
437:Russian literature
433:
298:
246:Marie Bashkirtseff
232:; and the artists
171:
76:The Magic Mountain
40:
3129:
3128:
3065:Fictional species
2939:
2938:
2444:GeneXpert MTB/RIF
2146:Lone Wolf and Cub
2135:978-1-880656-96-9
2075:978-91-7736-059-9
1986:on 3 October 2006
1784:978-0-8014-8928-0
1681:978-1-442-64493-9
1597:(15 March 2008).
1494:978-1-107-67280-2
1446:978-0-12-803708-9
1353:(11): 1353–1358.
1263:978-0-313-29916-2
1187:. Icons of Europe
1165:978-0-230-62574-7
923:'s 1940 painting
911:on her deathbed.
793:, a 1948 film by
655:Uncle Tom's Cabin
604:Uncle Tom's Cabin
535:Beatrice Harraden
494:Mrs. Humphry Ward
484:Elizabeth Gaskell
441:Fyodor Dostoevsky
339:Jacques Offenbach
326:Alexandre Dumas,
258:Amedeo Modigliani
218:Fyodor Dostoevsky
200:; the playwright
3154:
3078:Bug-eyed monster
3058:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2943:
2709:Mario Raviglione
2363:
2309:Prosector's wart
2294:Caseous necrosis
2250:
2243:
2236:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2199:
2193:
2192:
2190:
2188:
2171:
2165:
2164:
2157:
2151:
2150:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2087:
2079:
2055:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2002:
1996:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1976:"The Sick Child"
1972:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1955:
1948:
1940:
1927:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1884:
1878:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1821:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1807:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1768:
1762:
1761:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1733:(502): 651–678.
1718:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1667:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1546:. Kirkus Reviews
1540:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1518:
1499:
1498:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1428:
1422:
1421:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1387:
1381:
1380:
1370:
1338:
1323:
1322:
1307:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1277:
1268:
1267:
1247:
1238:
1237:
1227:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1181:
1170:
1169:
1149:
1138:
1137:
1101:
1080:
1069:
741:The Plague and I
599:Hammatt Billings
547:Camilo José Cela
254:Aubrey Beardsley
242:Elizabeth Siddal
204:; the novelists
3162:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3152:
3151:
3132:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3121:Science fiction
3094:
3059:
3050:
2975:
2970:
2940:
2935:
2926:Tygerberg score
2839:
2733:
2699:Charles Mantoux
2689:George M. Heath
2659:Christopher Dye
2654:Albert Calmette
2649:Hermann Brehmer
2644:Manuel de Abreu
2630:
2604:
2566:
2500:
2492:
2405:
2364:
2355:
2265:
2259:
2254:
2224:
2214:
2212:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2186:
2184:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2136:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2080:
2076:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2042:
2040:
2039:on 23 June 2017
2031:
2030:
2026:
2016:
2014:
2013:on 9 March 2005
2004:
2003:
1999:
1989:
1987:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1959:
1957:
1956:on 30 June 2017
1953:
1946:
1942:
1941:
1930:
1920:
1918:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1871:
1869:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1840:
1836:
1823:
1822:
1815:
1805:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1785:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1758:The Independent
1751:
1750:
1746:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1704:
1702:
1700:History Matters
1694:
1693:
1689:
1682:
1669:
1668:
1664:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1595:Shriver, Lionel
1593:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1527:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1502:
1495:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1467:
1465:
1460:Lawlor, Clark.
1459:
1458:
1454:
1447:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1389:
1388:
1384:
1340:
1339:
1326:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1291:
1289:
1279:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1249:
1248:
1241:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1183:
1182:
1173:
1166:
1151:
1150:
1141:
1118:10.2307/1574402
1103:
1102:
1093:
1089:
1084:
1083:
1077:The Nightingale
1070:
1066:
1061:
1037:
1018:
994:
992:Anime and manga
944:
891:The Dead Mother
865:
799:Takashi Shimura
753:
745:Betty MacDonald
717:
566:The Dark Circle
489:North and South
474:Charles Dickens
409:
397:Frédéric Chopin
377:
369:Marie Duplessis
284:
279:
198:Frédéric Chopin
196:; the composer
194:Edgar Allan Poe
155:
58:and the artist
56:Frédéric Chopin
54:, the composer
12:
11:
5:
3160:
3158:
3150:
3149:
3144:
3134:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3118:
3113:
3108:
3102:
3100:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3080:
3075:
3069:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3021:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2946:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2893:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2847:
2845:
2841:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2734:
2732:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2704:Richard Morton
2701:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2664:Marcos Espinal
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2640:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2605:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2426:
2421:
2415:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2374:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2314:Lupus vulgaris
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2282:Ghon's complex
2269:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2230:
2223:
2222:
2194:
2166:
2152:
2134:
2114:
2095:
2074:
2050:
2024:
1997:
1967:
1928:
1906:
1879:
1856:
1834:
1813:
1790:
1783:
1763:
1744:
1713:
1687:
1680:
1662:
1629:
1610:
1586:
1557:
1535:
1500:
1493:
1475:
1452:
1445:
1423:
1412:(1/2): 47–51.
1396:
1382:
1324:
1299:
1269:
1262:
1239:
1198:
1171:
1164:
1139:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1063:
1062:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1048:
1043:
1036:
1033:
1017:
1014:
993:
990:
966:Jimmie Rodgers
943:
940:
896:The Sick Child
864:
861:
831:, directed by
821:the character
807:ToshirĹŤ Mifune
795:Akira Kurosawa
785:Ingrid Bergman
760:Ingrid Bergman
752:
749:
732:Angela's Ashes
716:
713:
703:Wayne Johnston
663:Upton Sinclair
652:'s 1852 novel
631:Three Comrades
588:Les Misérables
557:Andrea Barrett
479:Dombey and Son
453:, Kirillov in
425:Les Misérables
408:
405:
381:Eugene O'Neill
376:
373:
331:'s 1848 novel
316:Giuseppe Verdi
300:Several major
283:
280:
278:
275:
167:William Hilton
154:
151:
139:Ingrid Bergman
28:The Sick Child
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3159:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3062:
3057:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2967:
2962:
2960:
2955:
2953:
2948:
2947:
2944:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2842:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:Organizations
2736:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2684:F. R. G. Heaf
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2647:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2639:
2637:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2585:
2584:Experimental
2583:
2581:
2578:
2577:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:Thioacetazone
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2504:
2499:
2495:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2445:
2442:
2440:
2437:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2412:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2362:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2262:
2258:
2251:
2246:
2244:
2239:
2237:
2232:
2231:
2228:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2198:
2195:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2170:
2167:
2162:
2156:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2118:
2115:
2110:
2106:
2099:
2096:
2091:
2085:
2077:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2051:
2038:
2034:
2028:
2025:
2012:
2008:
2001:
1998:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1968:
1952:
1945:
1939:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1894:
1890:
1883:
1880:
1867:
1860:
1857:
1844:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1801:
1794:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1767:
1764:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1745:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1714:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1688:
1683:
1677:
1673:
1666:
1663:
1657:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1633:
1630:
1625:
1624:The Spectator
1621:
1614:
1611:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1590:
1587:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1561:
1558:
1545:
1539:
1536:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1513:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1490:
1486:
1479:
1476:
1463:
1456:
1453:
1448:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1287:
1283:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1265:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1199:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1161:
1157:
1156:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1112:(2): 114–11.
1111:
1107:
1100:
1098:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1078:
1074:
1068:
1065:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:Arthur Morgan
1025:
1024:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1003:
999:
991:
989:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
970:country music
968:(1897–1933),
967:
963:
959:
955:
954:
949:
941:
939:
937:
933:
928:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
897:
892:
888:
884:
877:
873:
869:
862:
860:
858:
856:
852:
851:
847:'s 2009 film
846:
842:
838:
834:
833:Peter Jackson
830:
829:
824:
820:
819:
814:
813:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
791:
790:Drunken Angel
786:
782:
781:
776:
775:
767:
766:
761:
757:
750:
748:
746:
742:
738:
737:Frank McCourt
734:
733:
728:
724:
723:
714:
712:
710:
709:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
683:
678:
673:
670:
669:
664:
659:
657:
656:
651:
647:
643:
639:
638:
633:
632:
627:
623:
619:
618:John le Carré
615:
614:
606:
605:
600:
596:
592:
590:
589:
584:
580:
579:
574:
570:
568:
567:
562:
558:
554:
553:
548:
544:
541:In addition,
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:
510:
506:
501:
499:
495:
491:
490:
485:
481:
480:
475:
471:
470:Victorian era
466:
464:
463:
458:
457:
456:The Possessed
452:
451:
446:
442:
438:
431:
427:
426:
421:
418:'s character
417:
413:
406:
404:
402:
398:
394:
390:
388:
387:
382:
374:
372:
370:
366:
365:
364:Moulin Rouge!
360:
356:
355:
350:
346:
345:
340:
336:
335:
330:
329:
323:
322:
317:
313:
312:
307:
303:
295:
294:
288:
281:
276:
274:
272:
268:
264:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
214:Brontë family
211:
207:
203:
202:Anton Chekhov
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
168:
164:
159:
152:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
122:
118:
117:
112:
108:
107:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
77:
72:
68:
63:
61:
57:
53:
49:
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