Culture of Portugal - Knowledge (XXG)

2652: 2730:, who brought new patterns with them. With time, the peninsula began to produce different filigree patterns, but while in Spain the filigree jewellery-making tradition became less relevant, in Portugal it was perfected. After the 18th century, Portuguese Filigree already had its own distinctive imagery, motifs and shapes. Filigree from the 17th and 18th centuries became famous for their extraordinary complexity. Gold and silver filigree jewellery of delicate and artistic design is still made in considerable quantities throughout the country, particularly filigree hearts, which are iconic symbols of Portuguese jewellery-making. 2827: 2020: 2569:(1799–1854) was a turning point in Portuguese literature as far as the themes are concerned. His most outstanding play is "Frei Luís de Sousa" (1844), which became a classic of Portuguese theatre. Garrett also wrote "Um Auto de Gil Vicente" (1838), "Filipa de Vilhena" (1846) and "O Alfageme de Santarém" (1842). These three plays as well as "Frei Luís de Sousa" are somehow connected with Portuguese history. Furthermore, Garrett is also the founder of the "Conservatório Geral de Arte Dramática" as well as of the "Teatro Nacional D. Maria II". 2552:'s well-known phrase "castigat ridendo mores", Gil Vicente became famous for his satirical plays such as the "Triologia das Barcas" ("Auto da Barca do Inferno" (1517), "Auto da Barca do Purgatório" (1518); "Auto da Barca da Glória" (1518)). In these plays, he creates some characters who are representative of their social group. This results in not only comical, but also strong critical situations. Gil Vicente also wrote other important plays such as "Auto da Índia" (1509), "Auto da Fama" (1510), and "Farsa de Inês Pereira" (1523). 3043: 3414: 2808: 3055: 1819: 2739: 2716: 1342:, Nuno Lopes, Cleia Almeida, Anabela Moreira, Rafael Morais and Fernando Luís. Is a multi-prized film from 2012 that won prizes in: International auteur cinema festival of Barcelona; Miami Festival, Pau Festival in France; New Vision Award in Crossing Europe Festival in Austria; San Sebastin Festival; Otra Mirada Prize by TVE channel in Spain; Faial Film Festival in Portugal; Golden Globes in Portugal; Auteur Portuguese Society in Portugal and Ways of Portuguese cinema in Coimbra, Portugal. 2382: 724: 3070: 528: 296: 3082: 3094: 3019: 1391: 1724: 2397: 252: 709: 4894: 2323: 1033: 738: 37: 637: 1533: 546:), with great regional variety. Many cities and towns have a museum and a collection of ancient monuments and buildings. Many towns have at least a cinema, some venues to listen to music and locations to see arts and crafts. In the larger cities visits to the theatre, concerts or galleries of modern exhibitions are popular, and Portugal can boast not only international-scale venues in 1808: 954: 698: 1011:, Vareirinha, Malhão, Vareira, Maneio, Vira de Cruz, Vira Solto, Vira de Macieira, Sapatinho, Tau-Tau, Ciranda, Zé que Fumas, Regadinho, O Pedreiro and Ó Ti Taritatu. There are also variations of these dances called the Chamarita in the Azores. Dance apparel is highly varied, ranging from work clothes to Sunday's best, with rich distinguished from the poor. 2519: 1880: 1852: 2911: 1029:. Financing of Portuguese cinema is by state grants and from television stations. The internal market is very small and Portuguese penetration of international markets is fairly precarious. A film is considered a success when it draws an audience of more than which few Portuguese films manage to achieve. 2576:

Born in 1926, Luís de Sttau Monteiro (1926–1993) wrote several plays, some of them portraying and criticising Portuguese society of his time. His most famous play is "Felizmente Há Luar" (1961), which is a strong criticism of the political context of that time (dictatorship – Estado Novo). "O Barão"

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Themes include: destiny, deep-seated feelings, disappointments in love, the sense of sadness and longing for someone who has gone away, misfortune, the ups and downs of life, the sea, the life of sailors and fishermen, and last but not least "Saudade" (one of the main themes used in fado, that means

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Portuguese folk music is the joint of the traditional songs of a community that express through a poetic character their beliefs and tell their history to other people and generations. The danças do vira (Minho), Pauliteiros de Miranda (Miranda), Corridinho do Algarve or Bailinho (Madeira), are some

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holidays from July to September. Portuguese people in almost all major towns and the cities like to know their places which are generally well equipped with modern facilities and offer a wide variety of attractions ranging from shops and stores of the most renowned brands to cinemas, restaurants and

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In later years, theatre in Portugal has developed into many other forms as in any other European country. Almost every repertoire can be seen in Portugal. Many companies have the works of Shakespeare, Molière, Brecht, Becket or Chekhov, and Portuguese classic and modern authors on their repertoire.

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is a free event held at Casa da Música, in September. It features mainly the northern hip hop names as headliners, drawing a very local audience. Its first edition in 2005 carded Rodney P, NBC, Blackmastah, Bomberjack, Rui Miguel Abreu, etc. Usually the event is held outdoors, but in 2006 the heavy

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and industrialization of musical production, and the mediatization and expansion of music consumption. The boom in Portuguese musical production was accompanied by both the diversification of the musical domains and styles produced and consumed in Portugal and the emergence of new styles which are

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As far as the 20th century is concerned, it's worth noticing Bernardo Santareno's (1920–1980) work. His most famous play is "O Judeu", based upon the life of António José da Silva, mentioned above. Santareno also wrote "A Promessa" (1957), "O Crime da Aldeia Velha" (1959) and "Anunciação" (1962).

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was founded in 1906 by the Viscount of Alvalade and his grandson José de Alvalade. They are all clubs that traditionally have several sports activities but they give great distinction to football, making use of teams of professional players, which frequently participate in European competitions.

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In the 20th century, theatre in Portugal became more popular with the "Revista" – a comical and satirical form of theatre. It is a creative way of expressing one's ideas as well as criticising political and social problems. The most important actors who performed this form of theatre in the 20th

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Since the second millennium BC, there has been important construction in the area where Portugal is situated today. Portugal boasts several scores of medieval castles, as well as the ruins of several villas and forts from the period of Celtic and Roman occupation. Modern Portuguese architecture

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During the Golden Age of Portugal, in the late 15th and early 16th centuries, Portuguese artists were influenced by Flemish art, and were in turn influential on Flemish artists of the same period. During this period, Portuguese art became internationally well-known, mostly because of its very

1109:, the second Portuguese sound feature film (the first was A Severa, a 1931 documentary by Manoel de Oliveira, was originally filmed without soundtrack, which was added afterwards), and still one of the best-loved films in Portugal, with several of its lines and songs still being quoted today; 1047:

was the oldest director in the world, and continued to make films until his death on 2 April 2015, at the age of 106. Since 1990 he made an average of one film per annum. He has received international recognition awards and won the respect of the cinematography community all over the world.

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Portugal, as a country with a long history, is home to several ancient architectural structures, as well as typical art, furniture and literary collections mirroring and chronicling the events that shaped the country and its peoples. It has a large number of cultural landmarks ranging from

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original and diverse characteristics, but little is known about the artists of this time due to the medieval culture that considered painters to be artisans. The anonymous artists in the Portuguese "escolas" produced art not only for metropolitan Portugal but also for its colonies, namely

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One of the most famous playwrights of the 18th century is António José da Silva (1705–1739), commonly known as "O Judeu" because of his Judaic origins. He wrote several plays such as "Os Encantos de Medeia" (1735), "As Variedades de Proteu" (1737) and "Precipício de Faetonte" (1738).

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are mythical beings that form part of Portuguese folklore. These legends and traditions are preserved in the lore and literature of older generations, frequently seen as the remains of pre-Christian traditions. The lore associates the ancient monuments to the legends of the

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In smaller towns and villages, cultural activity may revolve around local folklore, with musical groups performing traditional dance and song. Local festivities are very popular during the summer season in all kinds of localities ranging from villages to cities, as well as

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In the popular culture the philharmonic bands represent each locality and play different types of music, from popular to classical. Lidia Costa, Carlos Marques, Alberto Madurai, José Caminos and Railcar Morays are some of the most important names in philharmonic music.

3152:. (Also called Mardi Gras). Not an official holiday, but declared by the government as a non-working day. Very ancient festival celebrating the end of the winter. It gained Christian connotations, and now marks the first day of a period of 40 days before Easter Week ( 1695:, one of the major portuguese poets of the second half of the twentieth century, has been an influence, among many others, to the young generation of highly considered Portuguese poets and, to a lesser extend, fiction writers from a recent wave of writers such as 2113:

increasingly taking the global market into account. The denominated Pop music uses melodies easily to memorize, becoming very popular and commercial; it's also characterized by the amount of publicity made (through videos, magazines, appealing clothing, etc.).

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In all the times and all places mankind always showed great ingenuity making sound and music from existing materials in its natural environment. The voice and the clapping of hands can certainly be considered the first instrumental forms used by man.

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industries, was pioneered by fashion designers like Eduarda Abbondanza, Mário Matos Ribeiro, Ana Salazar, José António Tenente, João Tomé, Francisco Pontes or Manuela Gonçalves, as well as textile industry industrialists established in places like

2231:. By the late 1970s the revolutionary climate had subsided and the need to express political militancy through song was no longer felt by poets, composers and singers, who subsequently redefined both their role and their creative contribution. 2963:. There are some localities which preserve a more traditional carnival with typical elements of the ancient carnival traditions of Portugal and Europe. However, several parades in most localities have adopted many elements of the tropical 1916:, a unique word with no accurate translation in any other language. (Home-sickness has an approximate meaning. It is a kind of longing, and conveys a complex mixture of mainly nostalgia, but also sadness, pain, happiness and love). 1074:, a provocative film maker in the 1990s made "O Último Mergulho" (1992), "A Comédia de Deus" (1995), "Le Bassin de John Wayne" (1997) and "As Bodas de Deus" (1998). "A Comédia de Deus" won the Jury's Special Prize at the 794:, to build outstanding works of art. The creations of Portuguese artists can be identified throughout the country, in the altars of gilded panels, blue and white tiles which adorn churches, halls, staircases and gardens. 2547:

Gil Vicente (1435–1536) is considered the first great Portuguese playwright. Frequently called the father of Portuguese theatre, he portrays the society of the 16th century. Anticipating the 17th-century French writer

3442:(according to some people, his brothers Eduardo and Frederico brought the first ball from England). It was he who had the initiative to organise an exhibition of the new game, which took place in October 1888 in 1743:

Polyphonic music, employing multiple vocal parts in harmony, was developed in the 15th century. The Renaissance fostered a rich output of compositions for solo instruments and ensembles as well as for the voice.

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which can be traced from the 1820s, but possibly with much earlier origins. It is characterized by mournful tunes and lyrics, often about the sea or the life of the poor. The music is usually linked to the

1145:(as Evaristo), Francisco Ribeiro (as Rufino) and others. It's a portrait of the relations between neighbours in a Lisbon courtyard. A story made of small episodes of humor, friendship, rivalry, and love. 2123:

A new musical style that vindicates its Portugueseness by both drawing upon various musical elements which musicians and audiences alike identify as Portuguese and emphasizing the Portuguese language.

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Fado is probably the oldest urban folk music in the world and represents the heart of the Portuguese soul, and for that matter fado performance is not successful if an audience is not moved to tears.

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The Iberian Peninsula was home to a lot of different peoples and cultures, so its normal to these cultures to influence the others but still retain a little of their aspects - this happened with the

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rating, and will probably be part of the main surfing competition. Ruben Gonzalez is an international acclaimed surfer and the only one to achieve the national title in two consecutive tournaments.

2877:(Marriages of Saint Anthony) are made. But the most popular saint is Saint John, he is celebrated in many cities and towns throughout the country on the night of the 23rd-24th, especially in 1751:

of Lisbon and the Coimbra were revitalized. Music from the former colonies occupied an increasingly important place in the capital's musical life and local styles of rap and hip hop emerged.

2201:. They traced a new course for urban popular music and influenced a further generation of musicians, some of whom also participated in the protest movement and are still active, including 2840:

take place all over Portugal. Why the populace associated the saints to these pagan festivities is not known. But they are possibly related to Roman or local deities from the time before

2891:(traditional soup) and plastic hammers to hammer in another person's head for luck are indispensable. The final saint is Saint Peter, celebrated in the night of 28th-29th, especially in 1158:(lit. The Crime of Father Amaro) is a Portuguese film (2005) adapted from a book of Eça de Queiroz, directed by Carlos Coelho da Silva. This was a low quality production sponsored by 1290:

starring Ana Moreira, Carloto Cotta, Ivo Mueller, Laura Soveral, Manuel Mesquita, Isabel Muñoz Cardoso, Henrique Espírito Santo and Teresa Madruga. The film won two prizes in the 2012

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Another relevant playwright of the 16th century is António Ferreira (1528–1569), who wrote "A Castro" (1587), a well-known tragedy about the forbidden love between D. Pedro I and D.

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is the most popular sport in Portugal. Football started to become well known in Portugal in the final decades of the 19th century, brought by Portuguese students who returned from

3636:. This was the first time since 1966, that the Portuguese football team had advanced to such a high qualifying round in a World Cup tournament. The national team defeated hosts 2957:, among several other localities, hold several days of festivities, with parades where social and political criticism abound, along with music and dancing in an environment of 2532:

Portugal never developed a great Dramatic theatre tradition due primarily to the fact that the Portuguese were more passionate about lyric or humorous works than dramatic art.

1162:(television channel). Even so, this film beat all the records of box- office of all the Portuguese film in Portugal. The main characters are Jorge Corrula as Padre Amaro and 1238:; Las Palmas Festival in Spain; Golden Globes in Portugal; Mar del Plata International Film Festival in Argentina, Raindance film Festival in United Kingdom and other prizes. 4793: 4254: 3202:) visits and blesses every home with an open door, thus meaning they are Catholics. Traditionally, this is the second visit of children and non-married youngsters to their 2712:-based products such as furniture, decorative items and floor and wall coatings, are also distinctive products found among typical designer creations of Portuguese origin. 2608:

Other companies show more experimental projects. All this makes the theatre repertoire very varied. Some of the most important professional theatre companies nowadays are:

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is considered by many to be Portugal's finest guitarist. Folk music and dancing and the traditional fado remain the country's fundamental forms of musical expression.

2267:, is responsible for establishing hip hop in Portugal. The refrain from a song called "Não sabe nadar, yo" ("Can't swim, yo!") was used by the president of Portugal, 3467:

Later, the game spread, being practiced in colleges, and leading to the foundation of clubs all over the country. Until the end of the century, associations such as

3278:, Portugal's national epic. Event of 1580. Celebrated in many of Portuguese communities in the United States of America, such as the Ironbound in Newark, New Jersey 1770:

has had its own symphony orchestra since 1962, when the Chamber Orchestra was set up by the Gulbenkian Foundation. Lisbon also has a metropolitan orchestra, and the

3042: 2544:" - a form of humorous and cartoonish theatre designed to expose and criticize social (and political) issues, but in a way that entertains and amuses the audience. 2400: 2540:

in the 16th century. During the 20th century, theatre found a way to reach out to the people, specially the middle class, through what in Portugal is known as "

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and others in 1950 and 1960 rock and roll scene with bands like Os Conchas and Os Sheiks. Among the numerous bands and artists which followed its genesis, are

3446:, and it was also Pinto Basto who organized the first official football match in January of the following year. The match, played where today is found the 2120:

A musical discourse created by Portuguese musicians that is integrated within the major international developments experienced by commercial popular music;

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follows the most advanced trends seen in European mainstream architecture with no constraints, though preserving some of its distinct characteristics. The

3069: 1159: 1802: 340: 457:, Beira. She was the one who, with a hammer created mountains and valleys; the one who hid in stones and trees - Mother nature), later transformed into 4613: 1927:. The Lisbon style is the most popular, while Coimbra's is the more refined style. Modern fado is popular in Portugal, and has produced many renowned 538:

The Portuguese participate in many cultural activities, indulging their appreciation of art, music, drama, and dance. Portugal has a rich traditional

4016:(Portuguese Stick Fencing), which is used for self-protection and for duels between young men in disputes over young women. Having its origin in the 5307: 2860:(mostly grape juice), and traditional bread along with sardines. During the festivities are many weddings, traditional street dances and fireworks. 2727: 2585:(1935–1987). Nowadays it is worth mentioning Maria João Abreu, José Raposo and Fernando Mendes, who perform this form of theatre at the well known " 516: 506: 204: 4279: 3054: 790:, owing to King John V's long reign which lasted 44 years. Thanks to the gold from Brazil, John V of Portugal could afford foreign artists such as 5774: 3933: 1762:, Miguel Azguime, Pedro Amaral, and João Pedro Oliveira are known internationally. Orchestras include the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa and the 3464:

won the game 2–1. Consequently, football started attracting the attention of the high society, being distinguished by the Luso-British rivalry.

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It was after the 15th century, with national borders established and with the discoveries, that Portuguese art expanded. Some kings, like

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twice, in 1966, when Eusébio was the top scorer, with 9 goals, and also in 2006. The year 2006 was the year that Portugal nearly won the

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Cultural centres such as the Belém Cultural Centre and the Culturgest, both in Lisbon, have expanded opportunities for major concerts.

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The modern revival of academic music was primarily work of Luís de Freitas Branco, and continued by Joly Braga Santos. Composers like

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The 1960s started a period of expansion and innovation with pop, rock and jazz introduced and evolving, political song developed, the

1307: 1291: 1064:(1994). Despite his international recognition, the films of Oliveira (and that of other Portuguese directors) are neglected locally. 566:

but also many acclaimed artists from various disciplines. The importance of the arts is illustrated by the fact that on the death of

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in Vila Real. Because of the history of the Portuguese Empire, several countries across the world are home to sizeable heritages of

684: 275: 2068:, Peste e Sida, were popular too. Before that, Portugal had a vibrant underground progressive rock scene in the 1970s like Tantra, 1771: 4030:

In addition to this, other popular sport-related recreational outdoor activities with thousands of enthusiasts nationwide include

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Other than football, many other professional and well organized sport competitions take place every season in Portugal, including

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in a speech about the cave painting in Foz Côa saying that "As gravuras não sabem nadar, yo!" ("The engravings can't swim, yo!").

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and kitchenware; and businesspersons of the old-established furniture industry heavily concentrated in and around places such as

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in the night, another sort of street carnival. Each festivity is a municipal holiday in the cities and towns where it occurs.

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already had royal painters. It is during this century that Gothic art was replaced by a more humanistic and Italian-like art.

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The compilation called "Rapublica" released in 1994, which featured young rising artists and groups such as Black Company and

2019: 5121: 4643: 4539: 3973: 3699: 3633: 2685: 1258:, Catarina Wallenstein, Margarida Vila-Nova, Mónica Calle, Marcello Urgeghe and Ricardo Aibéo in 2010. Inspired by a book of 662: 3081: 1997: 842: 4304: 3804:, who conquered gold twice at the European Championships in the -52 kg category, bronze in 2005 world championship in 2831: 2826: 2450:). The painting caught fire and was replaced by a Baroque structure. Parts of his work still exist and can be found in the 5645: 5458: 4995: 4954: 4919: 4828: 4606: 4106: 3809: 3637: 3629: 3617: 1931:. According to tradition, to applaud fado in Lisbon you clap your hands, in Coimbra you cough as if clearing your throat. 612: 2333:

Festivals organised by students of several higher education institutions, take place every year across the country. The '

2138: 5795: 5733: 5483: 5302: 5145: 5083: 4869: 4864: 3923: 3093: 2362: 862: 583: 425: 268: 62: 57: 2442:, National School). His influence on Portuguese art continued after his death. He was the royal painter for the famous 1774:

in Lisbon, which was built in the late 18th century, has its own orchestra and ballet company. Among notable pianists,

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book of the history of Portugal which incorporates elements of Ancient Greek mythology, written in the 16th century.

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made a unique qualification to the European Championships and made through the second round, where it was eliminated.

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Portugal hosts several festivals such as FITEI, ACERT, FIAR, and the International Theatre Festival of Almada (FITA).

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player and a classical guitar player but more recent settings range from singer and string quartet to full orchestra.

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It was during this period of prosperity, that some of the greatest Portuguese artworks were completed, including: the

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are two typical elements of Portuguese architecture. Portugal is perhaps best known for its distinctive Late-Gothic

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is also a major name in Portuguese sports, as he conquered the national, European and the world titles, in 2006 in

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is regarded as one of the most successful and well-paid football managers in football's history. The main domestic

3552: 2629: 2470: 1665: 1553: 371: 666: 651: 4934: 4874: 4848: 4818: 4813: 2992:, is celebrated on November 11. This day is the peak of three days, often with very good weather, it is known as 2633: 1957: 1738: 1686: 1049: 67: 2108:

The 1980s and 1990s were marked by the search for a new musical discourse in urban popular music, the increase,

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In the 1990s around 10 full-length fictional works were produced per annum, Portugal's filmmakers tending to be

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In the early 20th century, Portuguese art increased both in quality and quantity, mainly due to members of the

1070:, a member of the generation that founded the "New Portuguese Cinema" in the 1960s which was influenced by the 732: 231: 2899:, the festivities are similar to the others, but more dedicated to the sea and with an extensive use of fire ( 1841:

examples of dances created by the sound of folk. Some of the typical instruments used are a guitar, mandolin,

1142: 1093: 3735:, near Lisbon, is the main Portuguese race track, where many motorsport competitions are held, including the 5710: 5672: 5245: 5192: 5167: 5073: 5032: 5025: 4838: 3728: 2693: 2640:, Teatro dos Aloés, Teatro Praga, Artistas Unidos, Seiva Trupe, As boas raparigas, ACTA, among many others. 2609: 2489: 2228: 2164: 2133: 1989: 1973: 1700: 1549: 1360:, Luísa Costa Gomes, Leonor Keil, Edgar Pêra, Marina Albuquerque, Miguel Sermão and Marcos Barbosa in 2010. 1287: 1271: 1129: 1061: 1053: 798: 3413: 1712: 1098: 5630: 5272: 5000: 4833: 4778: 4773: 4753: 3845:, European surfing champion in 2004, is now back in the competitions after recovering from a knee injury. 3546: 3522: 3448: 3253: 3029: 2978:" (literally, King Cake, a cake made with crystallized fruits); this is also the time for the traditional 2934: 2807: 2513: 2478: 2407: 2148: 2065: 1928: 1845:, accordion, violin, drums, Portuguese guitar and an enormous variety of wind and percussion instruments. 1595:, the father of Portuguese theatre, whose works were often criticisms and satires of society in his time. 1430: 1395: 934: 926: 712: 607:

events involving major Portuguese teams are always widely followed with great enthusiasm. There are a few

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culture is also regarded as an important cultural feature of the Portuguese. As the most popular sport,

485:. During the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal was a major economic, political, and cultural power, its 398: 196: 99: 92: 72: 4255:"O que fazem a Bordallo Pinheiro, a Vista Alegre e Cláudia Schiffer juntos? Borboletas... - Renascença" 2738: 2715: 2625: 2621: 2601: 2314:

rains made the event relocate to the parking lot of the building, causing a really "underground" look.

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is Portugal's national music) in October 1999, three days of national mourning was declared. In 1998,

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is celebrated by some families, especially in the North and Center, where the family gathers to eat "

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Portugal has been an important centre of practice and production of music over the centuries, as the

1763: 1696: 1672: 1607: 1497: 1323: 1275: 1235: 1075: 749: 604: 402: 120: 2278:, other urban centers also established vibrant hip hop scenes during the early nineties, especially 527: 5758: 5743: 5728: 5690: 5660: 5615: 5610: 5443: 5326: 5212: 5187: 5126: 5101: 5061: 4718: 4712: 4634: 3987: 3842: 3682: 3457: 2310: 2302: 2210: 2202: 1969: 1965: 1907: 1883: 1823: 1818: 1775: 1708: 1638: 1251: 765: 742: 567: 531: 512: 502: 478: 465: 436: 218: 47: 4566: 4178:"Novo Museu da Moda e do Têxtil em Portugal custou dez milhões e foi construído em plena pandemia" 3198:

and "Folar" (an Easter cake) and Easter eggs. In the North, a sort of church members processions (

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Typical Portuguese filigree heart shaped pendant, an iconic item in Portuguese fashion and design.

2055: 2046: 5650: 5640: 5590: 5550: 5508: 5503: 5498: 5488: 5473: 5468: 5463: 5448: 5433: 5428: 5418: 5413: 5408: 5255: 5250: 5177: 5106: 5088: 4701: 4584: 3787: 3656: 3289: 3099: 2964: 2896: 2577:(1965), "A Guerra Santa" (1967) and "Sua Excelência" (1971) were also written by Sttau Monteiro. 2424: 2354: 2283: 1811: 1385: 1044: 1037: 1020: 806: 773: 474: 410: 336: 308: 175: 106: 3501:

were founded to practice this sport or created sections for competing. The first match, between

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began to be produced in Portugal in the 8th century with the arrival of Arab migrants after the

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Most of his plays deal with universal questions such as liberty, oppression and discrimination.

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is also widely celebrated in Portugal, some traditional carnivals date back several centuries.

2045:, which was the first popular Portuguese rock song, other Portuguese bands and singers such as 453:

origin - Cailleach-Bheur her other name; the Mother goddess of the Celtic people as in Calais,

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and even Africa, gratifying the desires of local aristrocratic clients and religious clients.

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expresses. In contemporary classical music, notable Portuguese musicians include the pianists

1935: 1734: 1727: 1676: 1634: 1618: 1557: 1469: 1443: 1357: 1175: 1081: 988: 586:, contributing to a current renaissance in artistic creation, and in 2004 Portugal hosted the 498: 486: 328: 300: 186: 162: 152: 143: 85: 22: 2541: 2116:

It is possible to note two stylistic tendencies in the popular music of the 1980s and 1990s:

5665: 5620: 5545: 5515: 5403: 5366: 5222: 4706: 4561: 4379: 3983: 3687: 3652: 3589: 3577: 2971: 2849: 2845: 2493: 2334: 2223:

This musical style reflects a confluence of influences from traditional music, French urban

1834: 1682: 1347: 1319: 1303: 1183: 922: 575: 450: 418: 414: 390: 352: 226: 4353: 3588:

is the player in history with most titles won, including all European club cups. Moreover,

3585: 2184: 1657: 1032: 5347: 5260: 5116: 5010: 3903: 3882: 3783: 3025: 2989: 2954: 2796: 2792: 2709: 2593: 2566: 2497: 2346: 2109: 2093: 2036: 1653: 1626: 1622: 1306:, starring Rodrigo Perdigão and Joana de Verona.This film have win the best short film is 1259: 1231: 1223: 1207: 914: 890: 387: 256: 3533: 2597: 2268: 1580: 1517: 1473: 1247: 1195: 894: 2836:

During the summer, in the month of June, festivities dedicated to three saints known as

2215: 1532: 4788: 3827: 3801: 3641: 3625: 3621: 3513:(founded in 1902) was the first Portuguese team to play abroad defeating, in 1907, the 2873:(a street carnival) and other festivities. In the meantime, several marriages known as 2291: 2286:. More recently other local scenes have also developed on other urban centers, such as 2085: 2013: 1985: 1977: 1790: 1759: 1646: 1536: 1465: 1335: 1203: 1071: 976: 791: 785: 304: 127: 1390: 5789: 4763: 4076: 3874:, becoming the world's only all-amateur team ever to qualify for that kind of event. 3754: 3740: 3716:

is also worth mentioning, since its greatest players play in the sunny region of the

3597: 3354: 2946: 2617: 2370: 2366: 2069: 1993: 1961: 1611: 1548:

Portuguese literature has developed since the 12th century from the lyrical works of

1509: 1373: 1353: 1219: 1163: 1138: 1116: 1106: 1102: 902: 858: 818: 701: 582:

for literature. Lisbon (1994), Porto (2001) and Guimarães (2012) were all designated

4404: 4328: 3895:

The major Portuguese professional sports leagues, championships and events include:

1723: 1274:

is a hybrid fiction/documentary film from 2009 that achieved some visibility at the

4803: 4071: 4051: 3997: 3977: 3831: 3813: 3793: 3707: 3601: 3528: 3304: 3267: 2841: 2396: 2326: 2257: 2240: 1786: 1661: 1489: 1457: 1406:

Each region of Portugal has its own traditional dishes, including various kinds of

1227: 1179: 1111: 972: 968: 708: 489:

stretching from the Americas, to Africa, and various regions of Asia and Oceania.

459: 368: 332: 3573: 3033: 2536:

is often seen as the father of Portuguese theatre - he was the leading Portuguese

2322: 2173: 2061: 2041:

The Portuguese rock started to be noted in 1980 with the release of Ar de Rock by

737: 559: 4431:"A cortiça portuguesa é destacada numa das principais montras do design do mundo" 4229:"A partir de Portugal, há quem conquiste pés de todo o mundo com "sapatos feios"" 2416:

Portuguese art was very restricted in the early years of nationality, during the

439:

itself reveals much of the country's early history, stemming from the Roman name

4661: 4651: 4017: 4011: 4005: 3957: 3937: 3762: 3695: 3609: 3536:

and other people being the founders (the club maintained the foundation date of

3207: 3174: 2887: 2853: 2676: 2582: 2559:. António Ferreira is considered the father of Renaissance culture in Portugal. 2533: 2522: 2417: 2073: 1902: 1599: 1592: 1569: 1477: 1339: 1255: 1124: 992: 886: 636: 579: 441: 429: 344: 1934:

Mainstream fado performances during the 20th century included only a singer, a

1675:

in 1974, the Portuguese society, after several decades of repression, regained

1174:

is a Portuguese drama/romance film directed by Leonel Vieira in 1998, starring

36: 4696: 4686: 4540:

CONTOS TRADICIONAIS PORTUGUESES (com as versões análogas dos países lusófonos)

4280:"Capital do Móvel cria lojas em Lisboa e Porto para potenciar mercado interno" 3967: 3927: 3857: 3821: 3676: 3664: 3648: 3569: 3473: 3236: 3203: 2983: 2537: 2526: 2501: 2081: 2042: 1941:

The ingredients of Fado are a shawl, a guitar, a voice and heartfelt emotion.

1848:

Contemporary bands include Dazkarieh, Cornalusa, Gaitúlia, Strella do Dia etc.

1513: 1453: 1134: 1120: 1115:(lit. The Tyrant Father) (1941), directed by António Lopes Ribeiro, starring 1084:

is a younger filmmaker and in the 1990s she surfaced as a director, her film (

996: 964: 866: 838: 3886: 1166:

as Amélia, and the main ingredients of this film are the sex and the nudity.

4691: 4671: 4666: 3768: 3613: 3370: 3210:, 7 days before, where children give flowers and palms to their godparents. 3001: 2697: 2680: 2637: 2500:

settled in Paris and gained widespread recognition, as did her contemporary

2485: 2097: 2023: 1807: 1782: 1485: 1008: 953: 910: 878: 769: 716: 608: 587: 454: 406: 383: 379: 360: 4526: 2589:" (a theatre district in Lisbon where the "Revista" used to be performed). 1127:

and one of the best-known comedies of the Golden Age of Portuguese Cinema;

697: 3111: 2688:, in clothing; several entrepreneurs of the Portuguese footwear industry; 1898: 1560:. They wrote mostly from Galician-Portuguese and oral traditions known as 4893: 4676: 4656: 4622: 4127: 3947: 3776: 3758: 3746: 3672: 3605: 3362: 3245: 3183: 3166: 3149: 3141: 2975: 2938: 2930: 2926: 2915: 2723: 2672: 2668: 2206: 1842: 1521: 1493: 1461: 1424: 1199: 984: 882: 620: 616: 539: 375: 364: 348: 3576:

was voted 2001 Player of the Year by FIFA, after finishing 2nd in 2000.

3135:. Beginning of the year, marks the traditional end of "holiday season". 2863:

Saint Anthony is celebrated on the night of 12th-13 June, especially in

2518: 2159:(1929–1987) but others also contributed to its development, for example 1879: 1851: 1194:(lit. The Trunk) directed by Fernando Fragata, starring Hélder Mendes, 1133:(lit. The Courtyard of Songs), a comedy/ musical from 1942 directed by 4066: 4047: 4035: 4031: 3878: 3838: 3732: 3717: 3443: 3432: 3366: 3358: 2942: 2919: 2910: 2820: 2660: 2459: 2338: 2287: 2264: 2249: 2245: 1924: 1912: 1894: 1588: 1584: 1501: 1481: 1411: 1026: 1000: 854: 830: 761: 600: 563: 356: 316: 2581:

century were Vasco Santana (1898–1958), Beatriz Costa (1907–1996) and

1464:. Today, many Portuguese wines are known as some of the world's best: 1460:-era; the Romans immediately associated Portugal with its God of Wine 4579:. Translated by Henriqueta Monteiro. London: Swan Sonnenschein, 1888. 4203: 4043: 3917: 3736: 3668: 3660: 3502: 3275: 3191: 3060: 2979: 2864: 2816: 2742: 2664: 2275: 1920: 1767: 1573: 1508:

is also widely consumed, with the largest national beer brands being

834: 826: 814: 753: 547: 509: 5358: 4591: 4575: 4149: 3392:

Dá cá um balão para eu brincar." (Give me a balloon, for me to play)

1919:

There are two main varieties of fado, namely those of the cities of

3620:. The Portuguese national team also reached the semi-finals of the 2256:

and the South Bank of the Tagus are considered to be the cradle of

1617:

Romanticism and Realism period authors from 19th century including

4681: 3805: 3506: 3412: 3389:

São João, São João, São João, (Saint John, Saint John, Saint John)

3357:. Celebrated in the 24th to the 25th as a family gathering to eat 2909: 2882: 2878: 2825: 2812: 2806: 2737: 2714: 2650: 2517: 2395: 2380: 2342: 2321: 2279: 2018: 1878: 1850: 1817: 1806: 1722: 1531: 1389: 1031: 980: 952: 874: 870: 850: 846: 772:

architecture, with its intricate designs attributed to Portugal's

736: 722: 707: 696: 595: 555: 551: 526: 446: 422: 394: 294: 4588:. Lisboa, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 1992. (in Portuguese) 2438:

shaped Portuguese art, leading it to gain local characteristics (

1230:, Laura Soveral, Ivo Canelas, Carla Maciel, José Wallenstein and 889:

in Asia. Notable Portuguese architects of the past have included

4039: 3797: 3713: 3565: 3369:, roasted kid and turkey; seasonal sweets and dry fruits; drink 2950: 1874: 1748: 1505: 1449: 1415: 1407: 1088:, 1994) won the best actress award at the Venice Film Festival. 571: 5362: 4595: 4481:"Filigrana / Filigree — Twisted Strands of The Portuguese Soul" 3771:

is also giving important steps, thanks to the world cup leader

2463: 1419: 630: 2867:(where that saint was born and lived most of his life), with 4305:"O berço da indústria do mobiliário em Paredes - CMcadeiras" 3343:

Immaculate Conception. Patron Saint of Portugal since 1646.

3225:, marking the end of the dictatorial regime. Event of 1974. 3075:

A bride and her groom in the carnival of Lazarim, Portugal

2996:("Saint Martin summer"), the Portuguese celebrate it with 2469:

In the 19th century, naturalist and realist painters like

1785:

is among the most successful popular music groups. Singer

805:(also known as Tower of the Clerics), the Baroque Library 331:. It is rooted on the interactions between many differnet 4585:

Contos Populares Alentejanos, recolhidos na tradição oral

4527:"Contos Maravilhosos: Adversários Sobrenaturais (300–99)" 4405:"Cortiça: um material emergente para o design de produto" 3820:

in Sydney, also became the European champion in 1999 (in

3698:, Portugal is the country with the most world titles: 15 2345:

and 'Enterro da Gata' in Minho. Summer festivals include

1091:

Significant comedy films of the 1930s and 1940s include:

432:, all have influenced the country's culture and history. 359:, amongst others), passing through its contacts with the 3526:

which was founded in 1893 (as Foot-Ball Club do Porto).

3438:

The first person responsible for its implementation was

3264:

Dia de Portugal, de Camões e das Comunidades Portuguesas

2420:, to a few paintings in churches, convents and palaces. 578:, one of Portugal's well-known writers, was awarded the 335:

that inhabited the area during the past millennia. From

327:

designates the cultural practices and traditions of the

4027:, a wide variety of traditional sports played for fun. 4456:"Filigree and its origin rooted in Portuguese culture" 3892:, and has conquered numerous medals in the world cup. 3800:

have also brought many medals to this country, namely

3509:, took place in 1894, attended by King D. Carlos. The 2481:

revitalized painting against a decadent academic art.

1234:

is a multi-prize film from 2005. It has won prizes in

449:

name meaning "Port of Cale" (Cale likely is a word of

311:

sewing machine advertisement card, distributed at the

4020:, Jogo do Pau uses wooden staves as a combat weapon. 3775:, and her European and world titles. She is also the 3679:

among the hundreds of sports played in this country.

3386:

O São Pedro está-se a acabar. (Saint Peter is ending)

1294:

and another two in the Las Palmas Festival in Spain.

3383:"Santo António já se acabou. (Saint Anthony is over) 5767: 5719: 5681: 5396: 5236: 5144: 5060: 4967: 4901: 4857: 4794:

United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves

4642: 4633: 3628:tournament, ranking 4th overall, being defeated by 3616:, getting defeated in the final by surprise winner 2496:. In the post-war years the abstractionist painter 2248:has been important since the 1980s with areas like 1048:Retrospectives of his works have been shown at the 3206:, receiving an Easter gift. The first visit is on 3048:"Levantamento do mastro" in Fonte Arcada, Portugal 1587:has its roots in chronicles and stories linked to 2795:and nearly every Portuguese town has a tale of a 4576:Tales of Lusitania from The Folklore of Portugal 4570:. Vol. I. Lisboa: Publicações Dom Quixote, 1999. 3834:after being the European champion back in 2001. 3540:, founded in 1904, when in 1908 assimilated the 2958: 2785: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2755: 2749: 813:in Braga, the Shrine of Our Lady of Remedies in 3379:Portuguese popular song: (English Translation) 3765:) events also have international recognition. 3000:(a sweet liqueur wine) and roasted Portuguese 2444:Retábulo do Altar das Relíquias de São Vicente 2282:, that gave birth to important groups such as 1652:Portuguese modernism is found in the works of 5374: 4607: 3691:as the most important race, is also popular. 3256:. Christian feast celebrating the Eucharist. 2856:. Common fare in these festivities are wine, 276: 8: 3790:won silver in the single men's competition. 3332:Restoration of Independence. Event of 1640. 3321:. Day used for visiting deceased relatives. 1372:), a 2020 documentary directed by Brazilian 921:(20th c.). Famous living architects include 3786:won the gold medal in the teams event, and 2844:spread in the region. The three saints are 2401:Prehistoric Rock-Art Site of the Côa Valley 665:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 5381: 5367: 5359: 5150: 5066: 4973: 4907: 4639: 4614: 4600: 4592: 3824:), and vice-champion in the year of 2003. 3761:(with the Baja Portugal 1000 and recently 3644:, their first major international trophy. 3572:is still a symbol of Portuguese football. 1803:List of Portuguese traditional instruments 1488:(Vinho do Porto, literally Porto's wine), 283: 269: 17: 3221:Literally, "Freedom Day". Celebrates the 1243:Filme do Desassossego or Film of Disquiet 685:Learn how and when to remove this message 3816:, who conquered the bronze medal in the 3520:The oldest football club in Portugal is 3452:in Lisbon, involved opposing teams from 2151:that ruled Portugal from 1926 up to the 2128:Canções de intervenção (political songs) 1568:, which were consecutively performed by 428:and the subsequent expulsion during the 4485:PORTICO magazine by Vanguard Properties 4118: 3934:Portuguese Roller Hockey First Division 3870:) made a dramatic qualification to the 3564:was ranked 3rd out of 207 countries by 3014: 303:couple with typical rural clothes from 185: 151: 126: 119: 112: 105: 98: 91: 84: 29: 4354:"Quando a cortiça é Matéria de design" 4286:(in European Portuguese). 26 July 2017 4176:Malheiro/Lusa, Cecília (10 May 2021). 2452:Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga National 615:was traditionally more popular in the 611:in Portugal, although the passion for 4567:Contos Tradicionais do Povo Português 2728:Umayyad invasion of Iberian Peninsula 2297:There are two major showcase events, 1322:starring Carloto Cotta, won the 2009 1186:, Milton Spencer and Félix Fontoura. 1160:Sociedade Independente de Comunicação 7: 4411:(in European Portuguese). 2016-09-01 3954:Campeonato Nacional Honra/Super Bock 3063:in the carnival of Podence, Portugal 2903:). In Póvoa de Varzim, there is the 2830:Maios celebration in Madeira island 2592:Important Portuguese actors include 663:adding citations to reliable sources 3849:reached the number one position at 3194:. Used for family gathering to eat 741:Rua Augusta street and its typical 590:in specially constructed stadiums. 517:8th in Europe and 17th in the world 469:, which emerged as a county of the 4533:from the original on June 6, 2020. 4329:"The cork | www.visitportugal.com" 4098:List of cultural icons of Portugal 3868:Portugal national rugby union team 1308:Berlin International Film Festival 1292:Berlin International Film Festival 715:is Portugal's best example of its 704:, c. 1st century AD (Roman period) 14: 4380:"Transformar a cortiça em design" 3729:Autódromo Fernanda Pires da Silva 3612:. Portugal hosted and nearly won 3600:, where the dominating teams are 3303:Implantation of the Republic, or 3156:, Holy Week), thus also known as 2434:, an important Portuguese artist 2220:and Júlio Pereira, among others. 1715:, José Ricardo Pedro and others. 1598:Classical lyrical works, include 1566:"Cantigas de escárnio e maldizer" 1326:Golden Palm for best short film. 4892: 3914:Portuguese Futsal First Division 3900:Portuguese Football Championship 3890:2006 World Fencing Championships 3092: 3080: 3068: 3053: 3041: 3017: 2982:- "As Janeiras", the new year's 2659:Industrialized, export-oriented 2227:of the 1960s, African music and 1226:, Nuno Lopes, Miguel Guilherme, 1056:in Washington, D.C. (1993), the 823:Portuguese colonial architecture 779:Another type of architecture is 635: 534:, the iconic Portuguese souvenir 250: 35: 4784:History of Portugal (1777–1834) 4409:Produtos em Cortiça por CorkWay 4062:This is a list of stereotypes: 3964:Portuguese Volleyball League A1 3737:World Motorcycling Championship 3562:Portugal national football team 3423:Portugal national football team 2309:, in Coimbra, started in 2005. 811:Sanctuary of Bom Jesus do Monte 3974:Portuguese Beach Soccer League 3584:are also noteworthy, although 3511:Clube Internacional de Futebol 3497:, the Oporto Cricket, and the 2143:) played an important part in 1772:National Theatre of São Carlos 1579:Following chroniclers such as 1: 4227:Wong, Bárbara (11 May 2023). 4126:Ventura, Mauro (2020-04-22), 4107:Historic villages of Portugal 3810:2007 World Judo Championships 3779:European and world champion. 3642:2016 edition of the UEFA Euro 2630:Companhia de Teatro de Almada 2600:, Rui Mendes, Irene Cruz and 1250:, starring Cláudio da Silva, 1210:, Tânia Miller and Zé Pedro. 421:settlement, and finally, the 4378:Lopes, Dírcia (2020-09-19). 3924:Portuguese Basketball League 3885:won the silver medal at the 3483:Real Ginásio Clube Português 3329:Restauração da Independência 2446:in the Cathedral of Lisbon ( 2363:Festival de Paredes de Coura 1789:is also widely admired, and 1756:António Victorino de Almeida 584:European Capitals of Culture 426:Umayyad invasion of Hispania 313:World's Columbian Exposition 4102:List of museums in Portugal 4004:The country has an ancient 2875:Casamentos de Santo António 2634:Companhia Teatral do Chiado 2412:List of Portuguese painters 2161:Adriano Correia de Oliveira 1998:Fernando Corrêa de Oliveira 1822:Traditional musicians from 1778:has won worldwide acclaim. 1302:, a short-film directed by 1058:San Francisco Film Festival 5812: 4573:Coelho, Francisco Adolfo. 3944:Portuguese Handball League 3553:Sporting Clube de Portugal 3406: 3400: 2525:, 16th-century Portuguese 2511: 2405: 2238: 2034: 1872: 1800: 1732: 1541: 1441: 1383: 1018: 730: 5320: 5153: 5069: 4976: 4910: 4890: 4253:Renascença (2020-01-17). 4132:(Documentary), IVIN Films 3808:, and achieved silver in 3550:was founded in 1903. The 2454:(Museum of Ancient Art). 2430:During the reign of King 1958:music history of Portugal 1797:Traditional or Folk music 1739:Music history of Portugal 1687:Nobel Prize in Literature 1562:"Cantigas d'amor e amigo" 1448:Portugal is a country of 1267:Meu Querido Mês de Agosto 1050:Los Angeles Film Festival 5094:Exclusive Economic Zone 4981:Administrative divisions 4437:(in European Portuguese) 4386:(in European Portuguese) 4360:(in European Portuguese) 4261:(in European Portuguese) 3544:, founded in 1906). The 3517:in the Spanish capital. 3300:Implantação da República 3274:death. Camões wrote The 2803:Festivities and holidays 2550:Jean-Baptiste de Santeul 1583:after the 15th century, 733:Architecture of Portugal 727:Aldeia Velha de Monsanto 588:European football finals 4809:Constitutional monarchy 4582:Pires, António Thomaz. 4504:Igespar Ip | Património 3856:The Portuguese team of 3532:was born in 1904, with 3087:Flute player of Podence 2694:Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro 2490:Amadeo de Souza Cardoso 2229:Brazilian popular music 1554:Paio Soares de Taveirós 1155:O Crime do Padre Amaro: 1062:Cleveland Museum of Art 1054:National Gallery of Art 957:A traditional dance of 799:Royal Building of Mafra 570:, the "Queen of Fado" ( 341:Pre-Roman civilizations 5439:Bosnia and Herzegovina 5112:Science and technology 4779:1761 Lisbon earthquake 4774:1755 Lisbon earthquake 4537:Correia, Paulo Jorge. 4429:Redação (2020-02-13). 3704:European Championships 3547:Boavista Futebol Clube 3529:Sport Lisboa e Benfica 3523:Futebol Clube do Porto 3449:Campo Pequeno Bullring 3425: 2959: 2923: 2885:, where the sardines, 2833: 2823: 2786: 2780: 2774: 2768: 2762: 2756: 2750: 2746: 2720: 2656: 2529: 2514:Portuguese Renaissance 2408:Portuguese Renaissance 2403: 2393: 2330: 2134:canções de intervenção 2027: 1887: 1856: 1855:Pauliteiros de Miranda 1826: 1815: 1730: 1539: 1398: 1040: 961: 939:João Carrilho da Graça 927:Eduardo Souto de Moura 756: 728: 720: 705: 535: 505:. Portugal is home to 501:buildings to medieval 320: 4814:Republican Revolution 4759:Treaty of Tordesillas 4744:Portuguese golden age 4729:1383–1385 interregnum 4460:Secrets From Portugal 4333:www.visitportugal.com 4155:World Digital Library 4023:Other sports are the 3782:The national team of 3487:Estrela Futebol Clube 3440:Guilherme Pinto Basto 3416: 2994:Verão de São Martinho 2913: 2829: 2810: 2745:(House of the Moura) 2741: 2718: 2708:. Corkware and other 2690:Vista Alegre Atlantis 2654: 2521: 2399: 2384: 2359:Super Bock Super Rock 2325: 2022: 1972:, and the composers: 1886:, the "Queen of Fado" 1882: 1854: 1821: 1810: 1726: 1713:Maria Antonieta Preto 1631:Camilo Castelo Branco 1544:Portuguese literature 1535: 1434:(a Portuguese stew). 1393: 1198:, Adelaide de Sousa, 1099:José Cottinelli Telmo 1035: 956: 843:São Tomé and Príncipe 740: 726: 711: 700: 530: 298: 5308:World Heritage Sites 4844:Carnation Revolution 4556:Folktale collections 4352:Ferreira, Ana Dias. 3872:2007 Rugby World Cup 3818:2000 Summer Olympics 3515:Madrid Futebol Clube 3499:Sport Clube Vianense 3421:fans supporting the 3409:Football in Portugal 3270:. Marks the date of 3223:Carnation Revolution 3008:), and it is called 2610:Teatro da Cornucópia 2387:Saint Vincent Panels 2078:Xutos & Pontapés 2006:Frederico de Freitas 1990:Constança Capdeville 1974:Fernando Lopes-Graça 1945:a kind of longing). 1764:Gulbenkian Orchestra 1673:Carnation Revolution 1666:Mário de Sá-Carneiro 1550:João Soares de Paiva 1331:Sangue do meu Sangue 1324:Cannes Film Festival 1276:Cannes Film Festival 1236:Cannes Film Festival 1130:O Pátio das Cantigas 1076:Venice Film Festival 750:Pombaline Lower Town 659:improve this section 513:World Heritage Sites 403:Kingdom of the Suebi 337:prehistoric cultures 205:World Heritage Sites 5796:Culture of Portugal 5682:States with limited 4719:Kingdom of Portugal 4713:Manifestis Probatum 3700:World Championships 3596:competition is the 3560:In April 2010, the 3542:Grupo Sport Benfica 3373:; and share gifts. 3340:Imaculada Conceição 2914:Carnival parade in 2149:totalitarian regime 1982:João Pedro Oliveira 1639:Alexandre Herculano 1438:Alcoholic beverages 1431:Cozido à Portuguesa 1418:, dried and salted 1396:cozido à portuguesa 1252:Alexandra Lencastre 1202:, Isabel Figueira, 1097:(1933) directed by 1068:João César Monteiro 979:region), Two-Steps 945:(Priktzer winner). 935:António Maria Braga 766:Portuguese pavement 713:Jerónimos Monastery 702:Centum Cellas Tower 544:Ranchos Folclóricos 532:Rooster of Barcelos 479:independent kingdom 463:, and finally into 325:culture of Portugal 257:Portugal portal 30:Culture of Portugal 5390:Culture of Europe 5122:Telecommunications 4799:Liberal Revolution 4702:County of Portugal 4204:"Portuguese Shoes" 3426: 3290:Assumption of Mary 3233:Dia do Trabalhador 2965:Brazilian Carnival 2924: 2834: 2824: 2747: 2721: 2657: 2655:Natural cork bags. 2647:Fashion and design 2602:Luís Miguel Cintra 2530: 2404: 2394: 2355:Rock in Rio Lisboa 2331: 2318:Students festivals 2157:José (Zeca) Afonso 2028: 1888: 1860:Philharmonic music 1857: 1827: 1816: 1812:Gaita transmontana 1731: 1728:Portuguese guitars 1705:Gonçalo M. Tavares 1540: 1500:, and Moscatel of 1456:, known since the 1428:), and the famous 1399: 1386:Portuguese cuisine 1094:A Canção de Lisboa 1045:Manoel de Oliveira 1041: 1038:Manoel de Oliveira 1021:Cinema of Portugal 962: 943:Álvaro Siza Vieira 907:José Luis Monteiro 899:Eugénio dos Santos 807:Biblioteca Joanina 774:Age of Discoveries 757: 729: 721: 706: 536: 475:County of Portugal 411:Visigothic Kingdom 321: 5783: 5782: 5356: 5355: 5316: 5315: 5140: 5139: 5056: 5055: 5043:Political parties 4996:Foreign relations 4963: 4962: 4925:Iberian Peninsula 4888: 4887: 4734:Treaty of Windsor 4549:978-989-8968-08-1 4529:(in Portuguese). 4094:Portuguese poetry 4089:Portuguese people 4025:"Jogos Populares" 3994:Rally of Portugal 3773:Vanessa Fernandes 3751:Rally of Portugal 3582:Cristiano Ronaldo 3491:Futebol Académico 3403:Sport in Portugal 3377: 3376: 3307:. Event of 1910. 3171:Sexta-Feira Santa 3108:National holidays 3006:castanhas assadas 2870:Marchas Populares 2702:Paços de Ferreira 2626:Teatro da Garagem 2622:Teatro Meridional 2351:Festival Sudoeste 2195:José Barata Moura 2191:José Jorge Letria 2180:Francisco Fanhais 2165:José Mário Branco 2132:Political songs ( 2010:Joly Braga Santos 1936:Portuguese guitar 1735:Music of Portugal 1701:José Luís Peixoto 1677:freedom of speech 1619:Antero de Quental 1558:Denis of Portugal 1516:. Liqueurs, like 1470:Vinho do Alentejo 1444:Wines of Portugal 1135:Francisco Ribeiro 1121:Francisco Ribeiro 1082:Teresa Villaverde 833:in the Americas, 781:Johannine baroque 695: 694: 687: 415:Viking incursions 329:Portuguese people 293: 292: 5803: 5720:Dependencies and 5656:Northern Ireland 5397:Sovereign states 5383: 5376: 5369: 5360: 5336: 5329: 5151: 5097: 5084:Economic history 5067: 4974: 4908: 4896: 4707:Treaty of Zamora 4640: 4616: 4609: 4602: 4593: 4534: 4518:Folktale indexes 4506: 4501: 4495: 4494: 4492: 4491: 4477: 4471: 4470: 4468: 4467: 4452: 4446: 4445: 4443: 4442: 4426: 4420: 4419: 4417: 4416: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4392: 4391: 4375: 4369: 4368: 4366: 4365: 4349: 4343: 4342: 4340: 4339: 4325: 4319: 4318: 4316: 4315: 4309:www.cadeiras.net 4301: 4295: 4294: 4292: 4291: 4276: 4270: 4269: 4267: 4266: 4259:Rádio Renascença 4250: 4244: 4243: 4241: 4240: 4224: 4218: 4217: 4215: 4214: 4208:Portuguese Shoes 4199: 4193: 4192: 4190: 4189: 4173: 4167: 4166: 4164: 4163: 4146: 4140: 4139: 4138: 4137: 4123: 3984:Volta a Portugal 3688:Volta a Portugal 3578:Manuel Rui Costa 3568:. The legendary 3495:Campo de Ourique 3469:Clube Lisbonense 3397:Sports and games 3218:Dia da Liberdade 3112: 3096: 3084: 3072: 3057: 3045: 3032:celebration, in 3021: 2990:Saint Martin Day 2962: 2838:Santos Populares 2815:masks, known as 2793:Enchanted Mouras 2789: 2783: 2777: 2771: 2765: 2759: 2753: 2614:Teatro da Comuna 2494:Almada Negreiros 2335:Queima das Fitas 2219: 2188: 2177: 2142: 2059: 2002:Cláudio Carneyro 1966:Maria João Pires 1884:Amália Rodrigues 1835:Portuguese music 1776:Maria João Pires 789: 690: 683: 679: 676: 670: 639: 631: 568:Amália Rodrigues 477:) and became an 437:name of Portugal 419:Sephardic Jewish 285: 278: 271: 255: 254: 253: 39: 18: 5811: 5810: 5806: 5805: 5804: 5802: 5801: 5800: 5786: 5785: 5784: 5779: 5763: 5721: 5715: 5701:Northern Cyprus 5683: 5677: 5571:North Macedonia 5392: 5387: 5357: 5352: 5339: 5332: 5325: 5312: 5288:Public holidays 5232: 5136: 5095: 5052: 5016:Law enforcement 4959: 4897: 4884: 4853: 4769:Restoration War 4629: 4620: 4525: 4515: 4513:Further reading 4510: 4509: 4502: 4498: 4489: 4487: 4479: 4478: 4474: 4465: 4463: 4454: 4453: 4449: 4440: 4438: 4428: 4427: 4423: 4414: 4412: 4403: 4402: 4398: 4389: 4387: 4384:Forbes Portugal 4377: 4376: 4372: 4363: 4361: 4351: 4350: 4346: 4337: 4335: 4327: 4326: 4322: 4313: 4311: 4303: 4302: 4298: 4289: 4287: 4278: 4277: 4273: 4264: 4262: 4252: 4251: 4247: 4238: 4236: 4235:(in Portuguese) 4226: 4225: 4221: 4212: 4210: 4201: 4200: 4196: 4187: 4185: 4184:(in Portuguese) 4175: 4174: 4170: 4161: 4159: 4148: 4147: 4143: 4135: 4133: 4129:Alma Portuguesa 4125: 4124: 4120: 4115: 4085: 4060: 3904:Cup of Portugal 3883:Joaquim Videira 3784:shooting sports 3462:Portuguese team 3411: 3405: 3399: 3319:All Saints' Day 3315:Todos os Santos 3110: 3103: 3097: 3088: 3085: 3076: 3073: 3064: 3058: 3049: 3046: 3037: 3022: 2955:Figueira da Foz 2893:Póvoa de Varzim 2805: 2797:Moura Encantada 2736: 2649: 2594:Ruy de Carvalho 2567:Almeida Garrett 2516: 2510: 2498:Vieira da Silva 2475:Henrique Pousão 2440:Escola Nacional 2414: 2379: 2373:Festival, etc. 2347:Vilar de Mouros 2320: 2243: 2237: 2213: 2182: 2171: 2153:1974 revolution 2136: 2130: 2110:commodification 2106: 2053: 2039: 2037:Portuguese rock 2033: 2031:Portuguese rock 1954: 1952:Classical music 1893:(translated as 1877: 1871: 1862: 1805: 1799: 1741: 1733:Main articles: 1721: 1697:Valter Hugo Mãe 1693:Herberto Hélder 1654:Fernando Pessoa 1643:Ramalho Ortigão 1627:Camilo Pessanha 1623:Almeida Garrett 1546: 1530: 1524:, are popular. 1484:and the sweet: 1446: 1440: 1404: 1388: 1382: 1370:Portuguese Soul 1365:Alma Portuguesa 1260:Fernando Pessoa 1232:Clara Andermatt 1224:Beatriz Batarda 1208:Carla Matadinho 1151: 1023: 1017: 959:Póvoa de Varzim 951: 919:Fernando Távora 915:Cassiano Branco 891:Diogo de Arruda 869:in Africa, and 803:Clérigos Church 783: 735: 691: 680: 674: 671: 656: 640: 629: 525: 471:Kingdom of León 299:A 19th-century 289: 251: 249: 242: 241: 237:National anthem 222: 221: 210: 209: 200: 199: 181: 180: 166: 165: 147: 146: 141: 140: 80: 79: 78: 77: 51: 50: 12: 11: 5: 5809: 5807: 5799: 5798: 5788: 5787: 5781: 5780: 5778: 5777: 5775:European Union 5771: 5769: 5768:Other entities 5765: 5764: 5762: 5761: 5756: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5725: 5723: 5722:other entities 5717: 5716: 5714: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5687: 5685: 5679: 5678: 5676: 5675: 5670: 5669: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5653: 5646:United Kingdom 5643: 5638: 5633: 5628: 5623: 5618: 5613: 5608: 5603: 5598: 5593: 5588: 5583: 5578: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5548: 5543: 5538: 5533: 5528: 5523: 5518: 5513: 5511: 5506: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5481: 5476: 5471: 5466: 5461: 5459:Czech Republic 5456: 5451: 5446: 5441: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5421: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5400: 5398: 5394: 5393: 5388: 5386: 5385: 5378: 5371: 5363: 5354: 5353: 5351: 5350: 5345: 5338: 5337: 5330: 5322: 5321: 5318: 5317: 5314: 5313: 5311: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5265: 5264: 5263: 5253: 5248: 5242: 5240: 5234: 5233: 5231: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5154: 5148: 5142: 5141: 5138: 5137: 5135: 5134: 5129: 5124: 5119: 5117:Stock Exchange 5114: 5109: 5104: 5099: 5091: 5086: 5081: 5076: 5070: 5064: 5058: 5057: 5054: 5053: 5051: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5035: 5030: 5029: 5028: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4977: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4961: 4960: 4958: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4942: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4911: 4905: 4899: 4898: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4885: 4883: 4882: 4877: 4872: 4867: 4861: 4859: 4855: 4854: 4852: 4851: 4849:Third Republic 4846: 4841: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4819:First Republic 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4789:Peninsular War 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4648: 4646: 4637: 4631: 4630: 4621: 4619: 4618: 4611: 4604: 4596: 4590: 4589: 4580: 4571: 4562:Braga, Teófilo 4558: 4557: 4553: 4552: 4535: 4522: 4521: 4519: 4514: 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January 6, 2804: 2801: 2735: 2732: 2648: 2645: 2557:Inês de Castro 2509: 2506: 2488:movement like 2436:Nuno Gonçalves 2391:Nuno Gonçalves 2385:Detail of the 2378: 2375: 2319: 2316: 2239:Main article: 2236: 2233: 2199:Sérgio Godinho 2129: 2126: 2125: 2124: 2121: 2105: 2102: 2086:Quinta do Bill 2035:Main article: 2032: 2029: 2014:Isabel Soveral 1986:Jorge Peixinho 1978:Emmanuel Nunes 1953: 1950: 1873:Main article: 1870: 1867: 1861: 1858: 1798: 1795: 1791:Carlos Paredes 1760:Jorge Peixinho 1720: 1717: 1671:Following the 1635:Eça de Queiroz 1608:Luís de Camões 1542:Main article: 1529: 1526: 1466:Vinho do Douro 1442:Main article: 1439: 1436: 1403: 1400: 1384:Main article: 1381: 1378: 1318:, directed by 1204:Bruno Nogueira 1176:Sílvia Alberto 1150: 1147: 1141:(as Narciso), 1072:Nouvelle Vague 1019:Main article: 1016: 1013: 950: 947: 893:(15–16th c.), 792:Nicolau Nasoni 731:Main article: 693: 692: 643: 641: 634: 628: 625: 599:hypermarkets. 524: 521: 305:Minho Province 291: 290: 288: 287: 280: 273: 265: 262: 261: 260: 259: 244: 243: 240: 239: 234: 229: 223: 217: 216: 215: 212: 211: 208: 207: 201: 195: 194: 193: 190: 189: 183: 182: 179: 178: 173: 167: 161: 160: 159: 156: 155: 149: 148: 142: 136: 135: 134: 131: 130: 124: 123: 117: 116: 110: 109: 103: 102: 96: 95: 89: 88: 82: 81: 76: 75: 70: 65: 60: 54: 53: 52: 46: 45: 44: 41: 40: 32: 31: 27: 26: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5808: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5791: 5776: 5773: 5772: 5770: 5766: 5760: 5757: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5734:Faroe Islands 5732: 5730: 5727: 5726: 5724: 5718: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5706:South Ossetia 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5688: 5686: 5680: 5674: 5671: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5648: 5647: 5644: 5642: 5639: 5637: 5634: 5632: 5629: 5627: 5624: 5622: 5619: 5617: 5614: 5612: 5609: 5607: 5604: 5602: 5599: 5597: 5594: 5592: 5589: 5587: 5584: 5582: 5579: 5577: 5574: 5572: 5569: 5567: 5564: 5562: 5559: 5557: 5554: 5552: 5549: 5547: 5544: 5542: 5539: 5537: 5534: 5532: 5531:Liechtenstein 5529: 5527: 5524: 5522: 5519: 5517: 5514: 5512: 5510: 5507: 5505: 5502: 5500: 5497: 5495: 5492: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5482: 5480: 5477: 5475: 5472: 5470: 5467: 5465: 5462: 5460: 5457: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5445: 5442: 5440: 5437: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5407: 5405: 5402: 5401: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5384: 5379: 5377: 5372: 5370: 5365: 5364: 5361: 5349: 5346: 5344: 5341: 5340: 5335: 5331: 5328: 5324: 5323: 5319: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5235: 5229: 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5155: 5152: 5149: 5147: 5143: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5092: 5090: 5087: 5085: 5082: 5080: 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4645: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4617: 4612: 4610: 4605: 4603: 4598: 4597: 4594: 4587: 4586: 4581: 4578: 4577: 4572: 4569: 4568: 4563: 4560: 4559: 4555: 4554: 4550: 4546: 4542: 4541: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4523: 4520: 4517: 4516: 4512: 4505: 4500: 4497: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4473: 4461: 4457: 4451: 4448: 4436: 4432: 4425: 4422: 4410: 4406: 4400: 4397: 4385: 4381: 4374: 4371: 4359: 4355: 4348: 4345: 4334: 4330: 4324: 4321: 4310: 4306: 4300: 4297: 4285: 4281: 4275: 4272: 4260: 4256: 4249: 4246: 4234: 4230: 4223: 4220: 4209: 4205: 4198: 4195: 4183: 4179: 4172: 4169: 4157: 4156: 4151: 4150:"The Lusiads" 4145: 4142: 4131: 4130: 4122: 4119: 4112: 4108: 4105: 4103: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4064: 4063: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4041: 4037: 4033: 4028: 4026: 4021: 4019: 4015: 4013: 4007: 3999: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3985: 3982: 3979: 3975: 3972: 3969: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3955: 3952: 3949: 3945: 3942: 3939: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3905: 3901: 3898: 3897: 3896: 3893: 3891: 3888: 3884: 3880: 3875: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3859: 3854: 3852: 3848: 3844: 3843:Justin Mujica 3840: 3835: 3833: 3829: 3825: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3789: 3785: 3780: 3778: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3764: 3760: 3756: 3755:Rally Madeira 3752: 3748: 3744: 3742: 3741:A1 Grand Prix 3738: 3734: 3730: 3725: 3723: 3720:, during the 3719: 3715: 3711: 3709: 3705: 3701: 3697: 3692: 3690: 3689: 3684: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3662: 3658: 3654: 3650: 3645: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3598:Primeira Liga 3595: 3591: 3590:José Mourinho 3587: 3583: 3579: 3575: 3571: 3567: 3563: 3558: 3555: 3554: 3549: 3548: 3543: 3539: 3535: 3531: 3530: 3525: 3524: 3518: 3516: 3512: 3508: 3504: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3488: 3484: 3480: 3476: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3463: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3450: 3445: 3441: 3436: 3434: 3430: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3404: 3396: 3391: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3381: 3380: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3355:Christmas Day 3353: 3350: 3347: 3346: 3342: 3339: 3336: 3335: 3331: 3328: 3325: 3324: 3320: 3317: 3314: 3311: 3310: 3306: 3302: 3299: 3296: 3295: 3291: 3288: 3285: 3282: 3281: 3277: 3273: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3259: 3255: 3252: 3250:Corpo de Deus 3249: 3247: 3243: 3242: 3238: 3235: 3232: 3229: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3217: 3214: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3181: 3180: 3176: 3173: 3170: 3168: 3164: 3163: 3159: 3155: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3143: 3139: 3138: 3134: 3131: 3128: 3125: 3124: 3120: 3117: 3114: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3095: 3090: 3083: 3078: 3071: 3066: 3062: 3056: 3051: 3044: 3039: 3035: 3031: 3028:" during the 3027: 3026:Festa da Coca 3020: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2987: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2968: 2966: 2961: 2956: 2952: 2948: 2947:Torres Vedras 2944: 2940: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2921: 2917: 2912: 2908: 2906: 2902: 2898: 2894: 2890: 2889: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2846:Saint Anthony 2843: 2839: 2832: 2828: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2809: 2802: 2800: 2798: 2794: 2788: 2782: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2758: 2757:almas penadas 2752: 2744: 2743:Casa da Moura 2740: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2717: 2713: 2711: 2707: 2703: 2699: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2682: 2678: 2674: 2670: 2666: 2662: 2653: 2646: 2644: 2641: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2619: 2618:Teatro Aberto 2615: 2611: 2605: 2603: 2599: 2595: 2590: 2588: 2584: 2578: 2574: 2570: 2568: 2564: 2560: 2558: 2553: 2551: 2545: 2543: 2539: 2535: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2507: 2505: 2503: 2499: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2482: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2467: 2465: 2461: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2445: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2428: 2426: 2421: 2419: 2413: 2409: 2402: 2398: 2392: 2388: 2383: 2376: 2374: 2372: 2371:Ilha do Ermal 2368: 2367:Boom Festival 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2344: 2340: 2336: 2328: 2324: 2317: 2315: 2312: 2311:Hip Hop Porto 2308: 2304: 2303:Hip Hop Porto 2300: 2295: 2293: 2289: 2285: 2281: 2277: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2261: 2259: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2242: 2234: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2225:popular songs 2221: 2217: 2212: 2211:Janita Salomé 2208: 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2186: 2181: 2175: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2146: 2140: 2135: 2127: 2122: 2119: 2118: 2117: 2114: 2111: 2104:Popular music 2103: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2091: 2087: 2083: 2079: 2075: 2071: 2070:Quarteto 1111 2067: 2063: 2057: 2052: 2048: 2047:Sétima Legião 2044: 2038: 2030: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2015: 2011: 2007: 2003: 1999: 1995: 1994:Clotilde Rosa 1991: 1987: 1983: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1970:Equeira Costa 1967: 1963: 1962:Artur Pizarro 1959: 1951: 1949: 1946: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1932: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1917: 1915: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1900: 1896: 1892: 1885: 1881: 1876: 1868: 1866: 1859: 1853: 1849: 1846: 1844: 1838: 1836: 1831: 1825: 1820: 1813: 1809: 1804: 1796: 1794: 1792: 1788: 1784: 1779: 1777: 1773: 1769: 1765: 1761: 1757: 1752: 1750: 1745: 1740: 1736: 1729: 1725: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1709:Jorge Reis-Sá 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1690: 1688: 1685:received the 1684: 1683:José Saramago 1680: 1678: 1674: 1669: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1632: 1628: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1613: 1612:national epic 1609: 1605: 1601: 1596: 1594: 1590: 1586: 1582: 1577: 1575: 1571: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1551: 1545: 1538: 1534: 1527: 1525: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1511: 1507: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1445: 1437: 1435: 1433: 1432: 1427: 1426: 1421: 1417: 1413: 1409: 1401: 1397: 1392: 1387: 1379: 1377: 1375: 1374:Mauro Ventura 1371: 1367: 1366: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1350: 1349: 1343: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1332: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1320:João Salaviza 1317: 1316: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1304:João Salaviza 1301: 1300: 1295: 1293: 1289: 1285: 1284: 1279: 1277: 1273: 1269: 1268: 1263: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1244: 1239: 1237: 1233: 1229: 1225: 1222:and starring 1221: 1220:Marco Martins 1217: 1216: 1211: 1209: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1192: 1187: 1185: 1184:Núria Madruga 1181: 1177: 1173: 1172: 1167: 1165: 1164:Soraia Chaves 1161: 1157: 1156: 1148: 1146: 1144: 1143:António Silva 1140: 1139:Vasco Santana 1136: 1132: 1131: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1117:Vasco Santana 1114: 1113: 1108: 1107:Beatriz Costa 1104: 1103:Vasco Santana 1100: 1096: 1095: 1089: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1065: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1046: 1039: 1034: 1030: 1028: 1022: 1014: 1012: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 990: 986: 982: 978: 974: 970: 966: 960: 955: 948: 946: 944: 940: 936: 932: 928: 924: 923:Gonçalo Byrne 920: 916: 912: 908: 904: 903:Carlos Mardel 900: 896: 892: 888: 884: 880: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 859:Guinea Bissau 856: 852: 848: 844: 840: 836: 832: 828: 824: 820: 819:Mateus Palace 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 795: 793: 787: 782: 777: 775: 771: 767: 763: 755: 751: 747: 746: 739: 734: 725: 718: 714: 710: 703: 699: 689: 686: 678: 668: 664: 660: 654: 653: 649: 644:This section 642: 638: 633: 632: 626: 624: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 597: 591: 589: 585: 581: 577: 576:José Saramago 573: 569: 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 545: 541: 533: 529: 522: 520: 518: 515:, ranking it 514: 511: 508: 504: 500: 496: 490: 488: 487:global empire 484: 480: 476: 472: 468: 467: 462: 461: 456: 452: 448: 444: 443: 438: 433: 431: 427: 424: 420: 416: 412: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 389: 385: 381: 377: 373: 370: 366: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 343:(such as the 342: 338: 334: 333:civilizations 330: 326: 318: 314: 310: 306: 302: 297: 286: 281: 279: 274: 272: 267: 266: 264: 263: 258: 248: 247: 246: 245: 238: 235: 233: 230: 228: 225: 224: 220: 214: 213: 206: 203: 202: 198: 192: 191: 188: 184: 177: 174: 172: 169: 168: 164: 158: 157: 154: 150: 145: 139: 133: 132: 129: 125: 122: 118: 115: 111: 108: 104: 101: 97: 94: 90: 87: 83: 74: 71: 69: 66: 64: 61: 59: 56: 55: 49: 43: 42: 38: 34: 33: 28: 24: 20: 19: 16: 5711:Transnistria 5673:Vatican City 5585: 5246:Architecture 5237: 5218:Prostitution 5183:Homelessness 5163:Demographics 5079:Central bank 5021:Human rights 4986:Constitution 4839:Overseas War 4804:Liberal Wars 4711: 4583: 4574: 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4950:Earthquakes 4834:Estado Novo 4824:World War I 4754:Renaissance 4662:Lusitanians 4652:Oestriminis 4435:Revista RUA 4202:Seara.com. 4158:. 1800–1882 4058:Stereotypes 4018:Middle Ages 4012:Jogo do Pau 4006:martial art 3938:rink hockey 3847:Tiago Pires 3788:Paulo Cleto 3696:rink hockey 3610:Sporting CP 3417:Portuguese 3348:December 25 3246:date varies 3208:Palm Sunday 3184:date varies 3175:Good Friday 3167:date varies 3142:date varies 3102:of Bemposta 3100:Chocalheiro 2888:caldo verde 2854:Saint Peter 2686:Vale do Ave 2677:kitchenware 2583:Ivone Silva 2534:Gil Vicente 2523:Gil Vicente 2479:Silva Porto 2418:reconquista 2284:Mind Da Gap 2274:Apart from 2214: [ 2183: [ 2172: [ 2137: [ 2054: [ 2051:Rádio Macau 1903:music genre 1647:Júlio Dinis 1604:Os Lusíadas 1600:The Lusiads 1593:Gil Vicente 1570:troubadours 1537:The Lusiads 1478:Vinho Verde 1452:lovers and 1356:, starring 1340:Rita Blanco 1338:, starring 1336:João Canijo 1256:Rita Blanco 1191:Sorte Nula: 1125:Leonor Maia 1101:, 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