77:
52:
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Considered a "rare species", few sites continue to harbor the
Cumberland elktoe. Marsh Creek harbors the largest population known in Kentucky, and the population in Rock Creek is also sizable. In both streams the Cumberland elktoe represented the second most abundant unionid species. The Marsh Creek
410:
This species inhabits medium-sized rivers and may extend into headwater streams where it is often the only mussel present. Gordon and Layzer reported that the species appears to be most abundant in flats, which were described by Gordon as shallow pool areas lacking the bottom contour development of
392:
population, with at least three-year classes present, is viable, but the viability of the Rock Creek population is questionable. The largest population in
Tennessee is in the Big South Fork system in the headwaters of the Clear Fork system, where several hundred specimens were found in
489:
However, under laboratory conditions, juvenile specimens transformed only on the northern hogsucker. The period of glochidial encystment (i.e., until transformation into free-living juveniles) took 24 days, at 66.2° ± 5.4 °F (−14.8 °C).
411:
typical pools, with sand and scattered cobble/boulder material, relatively shallow depths, and slow (almost imperceptible) currents. They also report the species from swifter currents and in areas with mud, sand, and gravel substrates.
611:
Species accounts for
Cumberland elktoe (Alasmidonta atropurpurea), oyster mussel (Epioblasma capsaeformis), Cumberlandian combshell (Epioblasma brevidens), purple bean (Villosa perpurpurea), and rough rabbitsfoot (Quadrula cylindrica
419:
Gordon and Layzer summarized the reproductive biology and identified fish hosts of the
Cumberland elktoe. This anodontine species was found gravid from October through May, but they observed no fish infested with its
396:
middens in the late 1980s. Several age classes of the
Cumberland elktoe were represented in samples taken from throughout the larger tributaries of the Big South Fork system in Tennessee during a 1985-86 survey.
321:
from the
Cumberland River drainage on the Cumberland Plateau should be verified because they may actually represent the Cumberland elktoe. Cicerello and Laudermilk maintains that these two species occur
245:) is smooth, somewhat shiny, and covered with greenish rays. Young specimens have a yellowish brown periostracum, while specimens of adults are generally much darker. The inside surface of the shell (
276:. This species appears to have occurred only in the main stem of the Cumberland River and primarily its southern tributaries upstream from the hypothesized original location of Cumberland Falls near
384:
The latter nine streams, which comprise the Big South Fork system, may represent a single metapopulation of the
Cumberland elktoe; there may be suitable habitat for the species and/or its fish
1051:
272:
The
Cumberland elktoe is limited in distribution to the upper Cumberland River system in southeast Kentucky and north-central Tennessee, occupying streams both above and below
863:
293:
1036:
349:
watershed, where there is a single known record, is unknown. Based on recent records, populations of the
Cumberland elktoe persist in 12 tributaries:
982:
837:
995:
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297:
727:
559:
Distribution and status of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoidea) in the
Cumberland River basin upstream from Cumberland Falls, Kentucky
654:. Unpublished report to the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission, Frankfort. 11 pp.
1046:
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1008:
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311:
There has been confusion about the historical distribution of this species because of its similarity to a congener – the elktoe (
56:
755:
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635:
1000:
736:
Agency Draft Recovery Plan for Cumberland Elktoe, Oyster Mussel, Cumberlandian Combshell, Purple Bean, and Rough Rabbitsfoot
698:
Agency Draft Recovery Plan for Cumberland Elktoe, Oyster Mussel, Cumberlandian Combshell, Purple Bean, and Rough Rabbitsfoot
665:
Agency Draft Recovery Plan for Cumberland Elktoe, Oyster Mussel, Cumberlandian Combshell, Purple Bean, and Rough Rabbitsfoot
881:
663:
R. R. Cicerello, Kentucky State Nature Preserves Commission, pers. comm., 2000. In: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2003.
188:
76:
301:
353:
Laurel Fork, Claiborne County, Tennessee and Whitley County, Kentucky and Marsh Creek, McCreary County, Kentucky
743:
Recovery Plan for Cumberland Elktoe, Oyster Mussel, Cumberlandian Combshell, Purple Bean, and Rough Rabbitsfoot
714:
Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoidea) of the Cumberland River: review of life histories and ecological relationships
281:
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The Cumberland elktoe has apparently been extirpated from the main stem of the Cumberland River and
41:
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Physiographic Province, giving it one of the most restricted ranges of any Cumberlandian species.
735:
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The tribe Alasmidontini (Unionidae: Alasmidontinae), Part 1: Pegias, Alasmidonta, and Arcidens
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472:
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in intervening stream reaches, potentially allowing for natural genetic interchange to occur.
212:
920:
716:. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 89(15). 99 pp.
526:
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A survey of the unionids (Bivalvia: Unionidae) of Marsh Creek, McCreary County, Kentucky
652:
A survey of the unionids (Bivalvia: Unionidae) of Rock Creek, McCreary County, Kentucky
385:
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until March. They found Cumberland elktoe glochidia to develop equally well on both
284:
was simply "river Cumberland," according to Clarke, who, upon ascertaining that the
249:) is shiny, with the color being white, bluish white, or sometimes peach or salmon.
974:
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system, and it still exists in 12 mostly small tributaries in southeast
987:
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Mussel survey of the Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area
359:
Big South Fork, Scott County, Tennessee, and McCreary County, Kentucky
855:
696:
Layzer, pers. comm., 1998. In: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2003.
98:
763:
738:. Atlanta, Georgia. 176 pp. (captions description and distribution).
371:
North Prong Clear Fork and Crooked Creek, Fentress County, Tennessee
345:. The status of the Cumberland elktoe from the heavily coal-mined
246:
595:. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 112:145-150.
593:
Glochidial host of Alasmidonta atropurpurea (Bivalvia: Unionidae)
429:
829:
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330:, contrary to the assertion by Gordon and Layzer that they are
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Clear Fork, Fentress, Morgan, and Scott counties, Tennessee
561:. Journal of the Kentucky Academy of Science 62(1):26–34.
944:
776:
237:The Cumberland elktoe has a thin, but not fragile,
577:. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 326:1-101.
365:North White Oak Creek, Fentress County, Tennessee
723:This article incorporates public domain text (a
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745:. Atlanta, Georgia. 168 pp. (caption ecology).
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557:Cicerello, R. R., and E. L. Laudermilk. 2001.
507:Cummings, K.; Cordeiro, J.; Perez, K. (2012).
304:. All verified sites of occurrence are in the
257:The Cumberland elktoe is endemic to the upper
605:
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8:
1052:Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque
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532:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T774A3142336.en
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377:Bone Camp Creek, Morgan County, Tennessee
280:, Pulaski County, Kentucky. The original
374:White Oak Creek, Scott County, Tennessee
712:Gordon, M. E., and J. B. Layzer. 1989.
591:Gordon, M. E., and J. B. Layzer. 1993.
499:
741:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2004.
734:U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2003.
356:Sinking Creek, Laurel County, Kentucky
362:Rock Creek, McCreary County, Kentucky
7:
728:work of the United States Government
317:). Museum and literature records of
241:. The outside surface of the shell (
518:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
685:Tennessee Technological University
380:New River, Scott County, Tennessee
25:
1037:IUCN Red List endangered species
439:by Cumberland elktoe glochidia:
75:
636:U.S. Department of Agriculture
435:Five native fish species were
1:
634:. Unpublished report to the
700:. Atlanta, Georgia. 176 pp.
683:. Unpublished M.S. Thesis,
667:. Atlanta, Georgia. 176 pp.
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1047:Bivalves described in 1831
302:Fentress County, Tennessee
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170:
72:Scientific classification
70:
48:
39:
34:
946:Decurambis atropurpureum
778:Alasmidonta atropurpurea
758:Alasmidonta atropurpurea
511:Alasmidonta atropurpurea
200:Alasmidonta atropurpurea
181:Alasmidonta atropurpurea
650:Cicerello, R. R. 1996.
630:Cicerello, R. R. 1995.
288:was lost, designated a
1057:ESA endangered species
616:The Nature Conservancy
614:. Unpublished report,
464:Ambloplites rupestris
455:Hypentelium nigricans
319:Alasmidonta marginata
314:Alasmidonta marginata
296:, a tributary to the
229:, the river mussels.
687:, Cookeville. 62 pp.
609:Gordon, M. E. 1991.
573:Clarke, A. H. 1981.
482:Etheostoma caeruleum
452:northern hogsucker (
446:Cyprinella galactura
163:A. atropurpurea
679:Bakaletz, S. 1991.
341:and its tributary,
42:Conservation status
525:: e.T774A3142336.
443:whitetail shiner (
306:Cumberland Plateau
265:and north-central
35:Cumberland elktoe
27:Species of bivalve
1024:
1023:
916:Open Tree of Life
770:Taxon identifiers
473:Lepomis megalotis
470:longear sunfish (
213:freshwater mussel
205:Cumberland elktoe
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18:Cumberland elktoe
16:(Redirected from
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253:Distribution
243:periostracum
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29:
1042:Alasmidonta
903:NatureServe
851:iNaturalist
538:20 November
461:rock bass (
437:parasitized
233:Description
150:Alasmidonta
1031:Categories
961:Q107336538
494:References
432:surfaces.
332:allopatric
294:Clear Fork
189:Rafinesque
57:Endangered
422:glochidia
347:New River
292:from the
267:Tennessee
227:Unionidae
157:Species:
139:Unionidae
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
955:Wikidata
908:2.119501
869:11285648
793:Q3017536
787:Wikidata
730:) from:
278:Burnside
263:Kentucky
135:Family:
129:Unionida
119:Bivalvia
109:Mollusca
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
62:IUCN 3.1
988:7559895
921:2851624
843:2287888
406:Habitat
401:Ecology
394:muskrat
326:in the
290:neotype
223:mollusk
220:bivalve
217:aquatic
209:species
207:, is a
191:, 1831)
145:Genus:
125:Order:
115:Class:
60: (
1014:860961
1001:985646
934:857247
830:449649
814:ECOS:
1009:WoRMS
975:6CH89
929:WoRMS
882:79928
864:IRMNG
856:93592
415:Hosts
386:hosts
300:, in
247:nacre
239:shell
215:, an
996:ITIS
983:GBIF
890:IUCN
877:ITIS
838:GBIF
817:1248
807:BF7Z
540:2021
523:2012
430:gill
428:and
970:CoL
895:774
825:EoL
802:CoL
527:doi
426:fin
211:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
