939:
75:
1046:, or creating an early-morning smoke cover. The seedlings of cumin are rather small and their vigor is low. Soaking the seeds for 8 hours before sowing enhances germination. For an optimal plant population, a sowing density of 12–15 kilograms per hectare (11–13 lb/acre) is recommended. Fertile, sandy, loamy soils with good aeration, proper drainage, and high oxygen availability are preferred. The pH optimum of the soil ranges from 6.8 to 8.3. Cumin seedlings are sensitive to salinity and emergence from heavy soils is rather difficult. Therefore, a proper seedbed preparation (smooth bed) is crucial for the optimal establishment of cumin.
1050:
20 to 25 cm (8 to 10 in). The seeds are then placed in these furrows and covered with soil. Line sowing offers advantages for intercultural operations such as weeding, hoeing, or spraying. The recommended sowing depth is 1–2 cm and the recommended sowing density is around 120 plants per m. The water requirements of cumin are lower than those of many other species. Despite this, cumin is often irrigated after sowing to be sure that enough moisture is available for seedling development. The amount and frequency of irrigation depends on the climate conditions.
3140:
88:
1715:(i.e. 2n = 14). The chromosomes of the different varieties have morphological similarities with no distinct variation in length and volume. Most of the varieties available today are selections. The variabilities of yield and yield components are high. Varieties are developed by sib mating in enclosed chambers or by biotechnology. Cumin is a cross-pollinator, i.e. the breeds are already hybrids. Therefore, methods used for breeding are
1001:
requires a long, hot summer of three to four months. At low temperatures, the leaf color changes from green to purple. High temperatures might reduce growth period and induce early ripening. In India, cumin is sown from
October until the beginning of December, and harvesting starts in February. In Syria and Iran, cumin is sown from mid-November until mid-December (extensions up to mid-January are possible) and harvested in June/July.
3151:
750:
833:
742:
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of cumin is low (about 1.5). This might be a problem because weeds can compete with cumin for essential resources such as water and light and thereby lower yield. The slow growth and the short stature of cumin favors weed competition additionally. Two hoeing and weeding sessions (30 and 60 days after
1000:
Cumin is a drought-tolerant tropical or subtropical crop. It is vulnerable to frost and has a growth season of 120 frost-free days. The optimum growth temperature ranges are between 25 and 30 °C (77 and 86 °F). The
Mediterranean climate is most suitable for its growth. Cultivation of cumin
1099:) at the flowering stage. They suck the sap of the plant from tender parts and flowers. The plant becomes yellow, the seed formation is reduced (yield reduction), and the quality of the harvested product decreases. Heavily infested plant parts should be removed. Other important pests are the mites (
1049:
Two sowing methods are used for cumin, broadcasting and line sowing. For broadcast sowing, the field is divided into beds and the seeds are uniformly broadcast in this bed. Afterwards, they are covered with soil using a rake. For line sowing, shallow furrows are prepared with hooks at a distance of
1037:
Cumin is grown from seeds. The seeds need 2 to 5 °C (36 to 41 °F) for emergence, an optimum of 20–30 °C (68–86 °F) is suggested. Cumin is vulnerable to frost damage, especially at flowering and early seed formation stages. Methods to reduce frost damage are spraying with
2853:
National
Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Health and Medicine Division; Food and Nutrition Board; Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium (2019). Oria, Maria; Harrison, Meghan; Stallings, Virginia A. (eds.).
1737:. One goal of cumin breeding is to improve its resistance to biotic (fungal diseases) and abiotic (cold, drought, salinity) stresses. The potential genetic variability for conventional breeding of cumin is limited and research about cumin genetics is scarce.
1812:
or as whole seeds. It imparts an earthy, warming and aromatic character to food, making it a staple in certain stews and soups, as well as spiced gravies such as curry and chili. It is also used as an ingredient in some pickles and pastries.
3056:
Wang L, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li X, Zhang H (August 2009). "Ultrasonic nebulization extraction coupled with headspace single drop microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for analysis of the essential oil in
Cuminum cyminum L".
2960:
Bettaieb I, Bourgou S, Sriti J, Msaada K, Limam F, Marzouk B (August 2011). "Essential oils and fatty acids composition of
Tunisian and Indian cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) seeds: a comparative study".
1113:
sowing) are needed for the control of weeds. During the first weeding session (30 days after sowing), thinning should be done, as well, to remove excess plants. The use of preplant or pre-emergence
895:. Cumin was also used heavily in ancient Roman cuisine. In India, it has been used for millennia as a traditional ingredient in innumerable recipes, and forms the basis of many other spice blends.
1086:) appears in the form of dark brown spots on leaves and stems. When the weather is cloudy after flowering, the incidence of the disease is increased. Another, but less important, disease is
1693:
2901:
Ebrahimie E, Habashi AA, Ghareyazie B, Ghannadha M, Mohammadie M (2003). "A rapid and efficient method for regeneration of plantlets from embryo explants of cumin (Cuminum cyminum)".
1090:. Incidence of powdery mildew in early development can cause drastic yield losses because no seeds are formed. Later in development, powdery mildew causes discolored, small seeds.
666:–2 in). Each branch has two to three sub-branches. All the branches attain the same height, so the plant has a uniform canopy. The stem is colored grey or dark green. The
938:
3185:
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1843:
practices of several countries, dried cumin seeds are believed to have medicinal purposes, although there is no scientific evidence for any use as a drug or medicine.
1058:
The relative humidity in the center of origin of cumin is rather low. High relative humidity (i.e. wet years) favors fungal diseases. Cumin is especially sensitive to
4895:
4960:
2096:"Archaeobotanical and archaeoentomological evidence from a well at Atlit-Yam indicates colder, more humid climate on the Israeli coast during the PPNC period"
891:
period. The ancient Greeks kept cumin at the dining table in its own container (much as pepper is frequently kept today), and this practice continues in
4386:
3100:
Iacobellis NS, Lo
Cantore P, Capasso F, Senatore F (January 2005). "Antibacterial activity of Cuminum cyminum L. and Carum carvi L. essential oils".
4843:
856:, dated to the early 6th millennium BC. Seeds excavated in Syria were dated to the second millennium BC. They have also been reported from several
4921:
4856:
3178:
2011:
2002:
5022:
2865:
2477:
74:
2326:
2237:
1105:) which frequently attack the crop. Since the mites mostly feed on young leaves, the infestation is more severe on young inflorescences.
1078:
is seed- or soil-borne and it requires distinct soil temperatures for the development of epidemics. Inadequate fertilization might favor
4300:
4804:
3171:
2937:
2860:. The National Academies Collection: Reports funded by National Institutes of Health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US).
5112:
5107:
4292:
2244:
605:
567:
522:
2823:
2772:
852:, cumin has been in use as a spice for thousands of years. Seeds of wild cumin were excavated in the now-submerged settlement of
4882:
1795:, and is used to flavor numerous commercial food products. In Indian and other South Asian cuisine, it is often combined with
864:
archaeological sites. In the ancient
Egyptian civilization, cumin was used as a spice and as a preservative in mummification.
2661:
2505:
4926:
2686:
Bettaieb Rebey, Iness; Bourgou, Soumaya; Rahali, Fatma Zohra; Msaada, Kamel; Ksouri, Riadh; Marzouk, Brahim (1 April 2017).
2879:
725:
seeds, being oblong in shape, longitudinally ridged, and yellow-brown in color, like other members of the family
Apiaceae (
4947:
4379:
2007:
1117:
is very effective in India, but this kind of herbicide application requires soil moisture for a successful weed control.
2819:
2530:
5048:
4908:
2172:
5035:
4305:
3646:
3596:
1725:
cultivation of cumin allows the production of genetically identical plants. The main sources for the explants used
4965:
976:
is the world's largest producer of cumin, accounting for about 70%. The other major cumin-producing countries are
87:
5102:
4663:
4554:
4395:
4372:
4315:
4181:
3895:
1898:
243:
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2066:
2200:(1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann,
4830:
3554:
1070:
wilt. Early-sown crops exhibit stronger disease effects than late-sown crops. The most important disease is
239:
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4822:
4817:
4695:
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4458:
3371:
3324:
3155:
2095:
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The open canopy of cumin is another problem. Only a low proportion of the incoming light is absorbed. The
2350:"New allergens from spices in the Apiaceae family: anise Pimpinella anisum L. and caraway Carum carvi L."
2201:
1015:
The three noteworthy sorts of cumin seeds in the market vary in seed shading, amount of oil, and flavor.
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4445:
4433:
4421:
4409:
4310:
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3424:
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3209:
1553:
849:
645:
365:
204:
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1993:
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4032:
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3721:
3396:
3351:
3288:
3066:
2969:
2520:
Castleden, Rodney, "Minoans: Life in Bronze Age Crete”, Routledge, London & New York, 1990, p.52.
2107:
1840:
1605:
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1101:
985:
857:
799:
373:
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4599:
3900:
3793:
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3714:
3559:
2943:
2493:
1941:
1225:
1215:
907:
888:
868:
53:
4939:
2234:
The Big Book of
Beastly Mispronunciations: The Complete Opinionated Guide for the Careful Speaker.
930:
and exported to many countries, the plant can occur as an introduced species in many territories.
5074:
4770:
4587:
4427:
4132:
4057:
3763:
3758:
3753:
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3626:
3454:
3366:
3361:
3339:
3293:
3220:
2918:
1961:
1809:
1540:
1520:
1245:
769:). Many European and Asian languages do not distinguish clearly between the two; for example, in
637:. The cumin plant grows to 30–50 cm (12–20 in) tall and is harvested by hand. It is an
82:
5027:
4251:
4900:
4996:
4752:
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3999:
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3242:
3117:
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1618:
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57:
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1932:
In a reference amount of 100 grams (3.5 oz), cumin seeds provide high amounts of the
1109:
911:
903:
793:
535:
439:
403:
354:
125:
49:
2568:
1692:
for adults, except for potassium, which is estimated based on expert recommendation from
5014:
3070:
2973:
2111:
5009:
4507:
4216:
4186:
4156:
4139:
4062:
3930:
3855:
3679:
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3616:
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3537:
2724:
2687:
2381:
2349:
1891:
1095:
1087:
962:
805:
534:
notes that this pronunciation now is rarely used, replaced in the late 20th century by
389:
112:
3150:
2624:
1093:
Pathogens can lead to high reductions in crop yield. Cumin can be attacked by aphids (
5096:
4271:
4226:
4161:
4107:
4042:
3910:
3880:
3860:
3848:
3833:
3818:
3808:
3783:
3586:
3334:
1949:
1894:
1887:
1871:
1851:
1750:
1303:
1205:
1171:
1039:
884:
531:
420:
220:
2922:
5079:
4757:
4677:
4530:
4206:
4196:
4166:
4102:
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4072:
4052:
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3549:
3309:
2037:
1786:
1781:
1754:
1147:
1010:
845:
841:
726:
638:
1749:
for its distinctive flavor and aroma. Cumin can be found in some cheeses, such as
368:. Its seeds – each one contained within a fruit, which is dried – are used in the
5053:
4744:
4952:
4934:
4869:
4727:
4649:
4593:
4236:
4231:
4176:
4112:
4077:
3885:
3813:
3773:
3631:
3507:
3230:
1933:
1921:
1417:
1131:
1023:
396:
2855:
2707:
1862:
are the major volatile components of cumin oil, which is used for a variety of
821:
17:
4463:
4343:
4338:
4276:
4261:
4201:
3890:
3798:
3544:
3381:
3376:
3314:
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3078:
2914:
2119:
1953:
1801:
1712:
1592:
1384:
1350:
1114:
1060:
649:
410:
4809:
4718:
2715:
2372:
2364:
2127:
652:
that is 20–30 cm (8–12 in) tall and has a diameter of 3–5 cm (
4791:
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4517:
4353:
4348:
4146:
4117:
4067:
4009:
3915:
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3709:
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3163:
2555:
1973:
1969:
1957:
1909:
1875:
1863:
1859:
1796:
1753:, and in some traditional breads from France. Cumin can be an ingredient in
1734:
1730:
1579:
1498:
1485:
1472:
1459:
1446:
1323:
1299:
1043:
927:
853:
770:
675:
4913:
3121:
3086:
2989:
2875:
2733:
2390:
530:), like "coming" with an ⟨n⟩ instead of ⟨ng⟩ (/ŋ/). American lexicographer
5066:
2773:"Preemergence Herbicides, Dry Soils and Rain | Integrated Crop Management"
2176:
992:. India produced 856,000 tons of cumin seed in the 2020–2021 fiscal year.
749:
372:
of many cultures in both whole and ground form. Although cumin is used in
5061:
4712:
4606:
4568:
4523:
4478:
4266:
4241:
3959:
3944:
3726:
3653:
3621:
3569:
3522:
3479:
3459:
3444:
3409:
3237:
2415:
2348:
Słowianek, Marta; Majak, Iwona; Leszczyńska, Joanna; et al. (2020).
1917:
1913:
1908:-butylpyrazine, and 2-methoxy-3-methylpyrazine. Other components include
1901:
1855:
1791:
1721:
1333:
1066:
899:
880:
876:
766:
634:
361:
171:
151:
138:
38:
4988:
832:
741:
4848:
4765:
4643:
4638:
4502:
4468:
4171:
4122:
4037:
4027:
3969:
3905:
3875:
3564:
3527:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3419:
3261:
2602:
2223:(Radio broadcast/podcast). 25 October 2014. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
2150:
2094:
Kislev, Mordechai E.; Hartmann, Anat; Galili, Ehud (1 September 2004).
1945:
1867:
1775:
1763:
1758:
1708:
1433:
1279:
954:
902:
by
Spanish and Portuguese colonists. Black and green cumin are used in
892:
758:
722:
671:
369:
181:
161:
4874:
3113:
2981:
376:, there is no high-quality evidence that it is safe or effective as a
4619:
4581:
4512:
4483:
4473:
4415:
4127:
4082:
4022:
3979:
3920:
3865:
3828:
3748:
3743:
3704:
3601:
3591:
3512:
3474:
3414:
3404:
3278:
3266:
3256:
3042:
3025:
Li R, Zi-Tao J (2004). "Chemical composition of the essential oil of
1821:
In India, the seeds are powdered and used in different forms such as
1400:
981:
915:
694:
679:
457:
42:
4689:
2629:
plants.ces.ncsu.edu; North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox
621:
2688:"Relation between salt tolerance and biochemical changes in cumin (
4887:
4796:
4439:
4364:
4246:
4087:
4047:
4017:
3964:
3939:
3925:
3658:
3532:
3499:
3484:
3469:
3356:
3251:
3215:
1769:
1746:
1161:
977:
973:
953:
945:
942:
Ground cumin on display at the market in Ortigia, Syracuse (Italy)
937:
923:
919:
872:
831:
820:
748:
740:
691:
687:
683:
620:
99:
31:
2800:. FoodData Central, United States Department of Agriculture. 2017
1042:(0.1%), irrigating the crop prior to frost incidence, setting up
4548:
3984:
3699:
3329:
3319:
3200:
1965:
1835:
1631:
989:
946:
788:
753:
Caraway fruits are similar in shape and structure to cumin seeds
730:
718:
667:
4783:
4693:
4368:
3167:
2444:(first ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 206.
721:. Cumin seeds have eight ridges with oil canals. They resemble
1937:
1191:
587:
429:
423:
330:
2939:
Culinary Herbs: Their Cultivation Harvesting Curing and Uses
549:
295:
2567:
Rahman, Azad; Akbar, Delwar; Surya, Bhattarai; et al.
2824:"Daily Value on the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels"
2595:"Cumin : Area, Production and Productivity in India"
1719:
regenerations, DNA technologies, and gene transfers. The
593:
555:
510:
504:
336:
301:
272:
266:
30:"Geerah" redirects here. For a unit of measurement, see
717: in) long, containing two mericarps with a single
2173:"CUMIN | Meaning & Definition for UK English"
606:
596:
584:
568:
558:
546:
523:
513:
501:
339:
327:
304:
292:
275:
263:
2531:"Cumin: The Ancient Spice That's Traveled The Globe"
2308:
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2262:
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2256:
2254:
2252:
1667:
1655:
1630:
1617:
1604:
1591:
1578:
1565:
1552:
1539:
1518:
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1471:
1458:
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1416:
1399:
1383:
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1349:
1332:
1322:
1298:
1277:
1242:
1224:
1214:
1204:
1188:
1170:
1160:
1144:
1130:
1125:
791:caraway" or "spice caraway". The distantly related
590:
581:
552:
543:
507:
498:
333:
324:
298:
289:
269:
260:
2857:Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium
2601:. Directorate of Arecanut and Spices Development,
1976:, are present in substantial Daily Value amounts.
950:Commercially packaged whole and ground cumin seeds
1897:. Other aroma compounds of toasted cumin are the
1874:. Cumin oil may be used as an ingredient in some
1530:
1289:
4137:
2496:(2005). Prance, Ghillean; Nesbitt, Mark (eds.).
774:
2962:Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
686:. Each umbel has five to seven umbellets. The
484:
478:
4380:
3179:
1886:Cumin's flavor and warm aroma are due to its
492:The English word is traditionally pronounced
8:
2469:Cumin, Camels, and Caravans: A Spice Odyssey
1904:, 2-ethoxy-3-isopropylpyrazine, 2-methoxy-3-
1120:
469:
460:
451:
442:
2748:"Ericacea (Heath) Family and Their Culture"
1074:wilt, resulting in yield losses up to 80%.
414:
27:Species of plant with seeds used as a spice
4690:
4387:
4373:
4365:
3186:
3172:
3164:
3102:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
2820:United States Food and Drug Administration
1259:
1119:
906:. Today, the plant is mostly grown in the
73:
64:
2723:
2472:. Univ of California Press. p. 234.
2461:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2453:
2451:
2380:
2625:"Cuminum cyminum (Cumin, Cummin, Jeera)"
2442:Domestication of plants in the Old World
765:), another spice in the parsley family (
2955:
2953:
2575:. CRC for Developing Northern Australia
2322:Soils, Plant Growth and Crop Production
2145:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2012:United States Department of Agriculture
2003:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1985:
926:. Since cumin is often used as part of
836:Cumin essential oil in clear glass vial
809:are both sometimes called black cumin (
682:are small, white or pink, and borne in
474:). All of these ultimately derive from
244:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
2353:Central-European Journal of Immunology
867:Cumin was a significant spice for the
2942:. Orange Judd Company. Archived from
2435:
2433:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2061:
2059:
670:are 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long,
7:
4976:a23e61a9-6aa2-4c00-aa99-4d1cf0863751
3146:at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject
2903:Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture
2327:Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems
2232:Charles Harrington Elster. "Cumin."
2089:
2087:
2032:
2030:
2028:
629:Cumin is the dried seed of the herb
1839:(a semifluid clarified butter). In
1833:(tablet/pills), and processed with
461:
443:
2834:from the original on 27 March 2024
1761:or Mexican-style) and is found in
25:
2696:Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
2631:. North Carolina State University
2236:Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1999.
2100:Journal of Archaeological Science
757:Cumin is sometimes confused with
678:, with thread-like leaflets. The
413:cummin, both from the Latin term
5041:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:840882-1
3149:
3138:
2418:. Encyclopaedia Britannica. 2018
1733:, shoot internodes, leaves, and
729:) such as caraway, parsley, and
577:
539:
494:
320:
285:
256:
86:
2882:from the original on 9 May 2024
2569:"Market Analysis of Cumin Seed"
3550:Peppercorn (black/green/white)
2660:. Mintec. 2014. Archived from
2498:The Cultural History of Plants
419:. This in turn comes from the
1:
3154:The dictionary definition of
3031:Flavour and Fragrance Journal
2315:"Cumin, Fennel and Fenugreek"
2071:Oxford Learner's Dictionaries
2008:Agricultural Research Service
1799:in a powdered mixture called
1136:1,567 kJ (375 kcal)
625:Cumin seeds, about 5 mm long.
2651:"Cumin: commodity factsheet"
2175:. Lexico.com. Archived from
1688:Percentages estimated using
898:Cumin was introduced to the
883:archive tablets documenting
485:
430:
3362:Kinh gioi (Vietnamese balm)
2777:crops.extension.iastate.edu
2556:Bird Seed Aliens in Britain
2042:Merriam-Webster: Dictionary
1847:Volatiles and essential oil
1829:(fermented decoction), and
1729:regenerations are embryos,
1126:Nutritional value per 100 g
737:Confusion with other spices
470:
452:
384:Etymology and pronunciation
5134:
2708:10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.001
2500:. Routledge. p. 162.
1008:
934:Cultivation and production
479:
424:
47:
36:
29:
4404:
3284:Coriander leaf / Cilantro
3194:Culinary herbs and spices
3079:10.1016/j.aca.2009.05.030
2440:Zohary D, Hopf M (2000).
2120:10.1016/j.jas.2004.02.010
1687:
1679:
1675:
1651:
1643:
1514:
1510:
1273:
1269:
1262:
1258:
1238:
1234:
1184:
1180:
1140:
1082:epidemics. Cumin blight (
690:is a lateral fusiform or
462:
444:
210:
203:
83:Scientific classification
81:
72:
67:
5113:Plants described in 1753
5108:Medicinal plants of Asia
4664:Psammogeton involucratus
4555:Echinophora sibthorpiana
4182:Montreal steak seasoning
2365:10.5114/ceji.2020.101236
2313:Sastry EV, Anandaraj M.
1745:Cumin seed is used as a
37:Not to be confused with
2915:10.1023/A:1024676507010
1890:content, primarily the
1690:US recommendations
402:(which is cognate with
4497:Chaerophyllum bulbosum
4138:
3059:Analytica Chimica Acta
1694:the National Academies
1054:Cultivation management
1033:Cultivation parameters
965:
951:
943:
840:Likely originating in
837:
829:
775:
754:
746:
626:
415:
232:This article contains
4657:Peucedanum ostruthium
4446:Anthriscus sylvestris
4434:Angelica archangelica
4422:Alepidea peduncularis
4410:Aegopodium podagraria
1264:Vitamins and minerals
996:Climatic requirements
957:
949:
941:
850:Eastern Mediterranean
835:
824:
752:
744:
624:
438:borrowing related to
366:Irano-Turanian Region
4033:Beau monde seasoning
3398:Limnophila aromatica
2752:Penn State Extension
2494:Pickersgill, Barbara
1841:traditional medicine
879:for cumin appear in
800:Bunium bulbocastanum
374:traditional medicine
48:For other uses, see
4600:Ligusticum scoticum
4157:Jamaican jerk spice
3779:Japanese pricklyash
3071:2009AcAC..647...72W
2974:2011JSFA...91.2100B
2112:2004JArSc..31.1301K
1942:monounsaturated fat
1122:
908:Indian subcontinent
787:refer to cumin as "
388:The term comes via
54:Cummin (given name)
4588:Heracleum persicum
4133:Herbes de Provence
3764:Grains of paradise
3627:Crushed red pepper
3341:Houttuynia cordata
2466:Nabhan GP (2014).
2179:on 14 January 2020
1808:Cumin can be used
1657:Other constituents
966:
952:
944:
887:stores during the
838:
830:
803:and the unrelated
755:
747:
644:, with a slender,
633:, a member of the
627:
234:special characters
5090:
5089:
4997:Open Tree of Life
4696:Taxon identifiers
4687:
4686:
4626:Oenanthe javanica
4576:Eryngium foetidum
4490:Centella asiatica
4362:
4361:
4334:Chinese herbology
4212:Pumpkin pie spice
4192:Old Bay Seasoning
4152:Italian seasoning
4098:Five-spice powder
3400:(rice-paddy herb)
3243:Indian bay leaf (
3114:10.1021/jf0487351
2982:10.1002/jsfa.4513
2936:Kains MG (1912).
2867:978-0-309-48834-1
2535:KPBS Public Media
2479:978-0-520-26720-6
2153:. Drugs.com. 2018
2044:. 8 February 2024
1928:Nutritional value
1700:
1699:
1647:
1646:
969:Cultivation areas
961:(cumin) rice, an
846:Southwestern Asia
745:Black cumin seeds
378:therapeutic agent
240:rendering support
227:
226:
58:Cummins (surname)
16:(Redirected from
5125:
5083:
5082:
5070:
5069:
5057:
5056:
5044:
5043:
5031:
5030:
5018:
5017:
5005:
5004:
4992:
4991:
4979:
4978:
4969:
4968:
4956:
4955:
4953:NBNSYS0000014748
4943:
4942:
4930:
4929:
4917:
4916:
4904:
4903:
4891:
4890:
4878:
4877:
4865:
4864:
4852:
4851:
4839:
4838:
4826:
4825:
4813:
4812:
4800:
4799:
4787:
4786:
4774:
4773:
4761:
4760:
4748:
4747:
4738:
4737:
4736:
4723:
4722:
4721:
4691:
4671:Ridolfia segetum
4569:Erigenia bulbosa
4562:Elwendia persica
4453:Apium prostratum
4398:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4366:
4143:
3950:Tasmanian pepper
3931:Sichuan pepper (
3886:Pomegranate seed
3700:Dill / Dill seed
3555:Brazilian pepper
3518:Alligator pepper
3272:garlic / Chinese
3188:
3181:
3174:
3165:
3153:
3142:
3126:
3125:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3053:
3047:
3046:
3043:10.1002/ffj.1302
3029:L. from China".
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3011:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2957:
2948:
2947:
2946:on 4 March 2016.
2933:
2927:
2926:
2898:
2892:
2891:
2889:
2887:
2850:
2844:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2816:
2810:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2744:
2738:
2737:
2727:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2666:
2655:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2621:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2610:
2591:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2580:
2564:
2558:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2544:
2542:
2527:
2521:
2518:
2512:
2511:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2463:
2446:
2445:
2437:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2412:
2395:
2394:
2384:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2319:
2310:
2247:
2230:
2224:
2220:A Way with Words
2215:
2204:
2198:Heinrich Zimmern
2195:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2184:
2169:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2147:
2132:
2131:
2106:(9): 1301–1310.
2091:
2082:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2063:
2054:
2053:
2051:
2049:
2034:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
1990:
1962:dietary minerals
1711:species with 14
1534:
1421:
1404:
1388:
1371:
1354:
1337:
1300:Vitamin A equiv.
1293:
1260:
1123:
862:ancient Egyptian
785:Uralic languages
778:
773:both are called
716:
715:
711:
706:
705:
701:
665:
664:
660:
657:
642:herbaceous plant
609:
603:
602:
599:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
571:
565:
564:
561:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
536:hyperforeignized
526:
520:
519:
516:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
488:
482:
481:
473:
467:
466:
464:
455:
449:
448:
446:
433:
427:
426:
418:
364:, native to the
346:
345:
342:
341:
338:
335:
332:
329:
326:
319:
311:
310:
307:
306:
303:
300:
297:
294:
291:
282:
281:
278:
277:
274:
271:
268:
265:
262:
216:
91:
90:
77:
65:
21:
5133:
5132:
5128:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5103:Edible Apiaceae
5093:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5078:
5073:
5065:
5060:
5052:
5047:
5039:
5034:
5026:
5021:
5013:
5008:
5000:
4995:
4987:
4984:Observation.org
4982:
4974:
4972:
4964:
4959:
4951:
4946:
4938:
4933:
4925:
4920:
4912:
4907:
4899:
4894:
4886:
4881:
4873:
4868:
4860:
4855:
4847:
4842:
4834:
4829:
4821:
4816:
4808:
4803:
4795:
4790:
4782:
4777:
4769:
4764:
4756:
4751:
4743:
4741:
4734:Cuminum cyminum
4732:
4731:
4726:
4717:
4716:
4711:
4704:Cuminum cyminum
4698:
4688:
4683:
4614:Lomatium parryi
4543:Daucus pusillus
4400:
4397:Edible Apiaceae
4396:
4393:
4363:
4358:
4322:
4281:
4257:Tandoori masala
4004:
3881:Peruvian pepper
3769:Grains of Selim
3754:Aromatic ginger
3687:Bunium persicum
3494:
3195:
3192:
3135:
3130:
3129:
3099:
3098:
3094:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3027:Cuminum cyminum
3024:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3007:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2959:
2958:
2951:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2900:
2899:
2895:
2885:
2883:
2868:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2837:
2835:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2803:
2801:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2756:
2754:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2690:Cuminum cyminum
2685:
2684:
2680:
2670:
2668:
2667:on 9 March 2017
2664:
2653:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2634:
2632:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2608:
2606:
2593:
2592:
2588:
2578:
2576:
2566:
2565:
2561:
2554:
2550:
2540:
2538:
2537:. 11 March 2015
2529:
2528:
2524:
2519:
2515:
2508:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2480:
2465:
2464:
2449:
2439:
2438:
2431:
2421:
2419:
2414:
2413:
2398:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2317:
2312:
2311:
2250:
2231:
2227:
2216:
2207:
2196:
2192:
2182:
2180:
2171:
2170:
2166:
2156:
2154:
2149:
2148:
2135:
2093:
2092:
2085:
2075:
2073:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2047:
2045:
2036:
2035:
2026:
2016:
2014:
1996:Cuminum cyminum
1992:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1930:
1884:
1849:
1819:
1797:coriander seeds
1743:
1705:
1683:
1680:
1638:
1625:
1612:
1599:
1586:
1573:
1560:
1547:
1535:
1505:
1492:
1479:
1466:
1453:
1440:
1427:
1419:
1411:
1402:
1394:
1386:
1378:
1369:
1361:
1352:
1344:
1335:
1318:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1294:
1265:
1254:
1249:
1226:Polyunsaturated
1216:Monounsaturated
1200:
1195:
1156:
1151:
1110:leaf area index
1102:Petrobia latens
1056:
1035:
1013:
1007:
998:
971:
936:
912:Northern Africa
904:Persian cuisine
826:Cuminum cyminum
819:
794:Bunium persicum
739:
713:
709:
708:
703:
699:
698:
662:
658:
655:
653:
631:Cuminum cyminum
619:
607:
580:
576:
569:
542:
538:
524:
497:
493:
404:Old High German
386:
355:flowering plant
350:Cuminum cyminum
323:
314:
313:
288:
284:
259:
255:
249:
248:
247:
238:Without proper
223:
218:
214:Cuminum cyminum
212:
199:
196:C. cyminum
85:
61:
50:Cumin (surname)
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Cuminum cyminum
15:
12:
11:
5:
5131:
5129:
5121:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5095:
5094:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5084:
5080:wfo-0000629277
5071:
5058:
5045:
5032:
5019:
5006:
4993:
4980:
4970:
4957:
4944:
4931:
4918:
4905:
4892:
4879:
4866:
4853:
4840:
4827:
4814:
4801:
4788:
4775:
4762:
4749:
4739:
4724:
4708:
4706:
4700:
4699:
4694:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4681:
4674:
4667:
4660:
4653:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4629:
4622:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4591:
4584:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4558:
4551:
4546:
4539:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4508:Chinese celery
4505:
4500:
4493:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4449:
4442:
4437:
4430:
4425:
4418:
4413:
4405:
4402:
4401:
4394:
4392:
4391:
4384:
4377:
4369:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4336:
4330:
4328:
4327:Related topics
4324:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4274:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4187:Mulling spices
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4063:Cinnamon sugar
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4012:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3975:Voatsiperifery
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3868:
3863:
3858:
3853:
3852:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3740:
3739:
3734:
3724:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3691:
3690:
3683:
3680:Nigella sativa
3671:
3666:
3664:Coriander seed
3661:
3656:
3651:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3541:
3540:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3349:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3291:
3281:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3240:
3235:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3213:
3205:
3203:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3191:
3190:
3183:
3176:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3147:
3134:
3133:External links
3131:
3128:
3127:
3092:
3048:
3037:(4): 311–313.
3017:
2995:
2968:(11): 2100–7.
2949:
2928:
2893:
2866:
2845:
2811:
2789:
2764:
2739:
2702:(2): 391–402.
2678:
2642:
2616:
2586:
2559:
2548:
2522:
2513:
2506:
2485:
2478:
2447:
2429:
2396:
2359:(3): 241–247.
2340:
2248:
2225:
2205:
2190:
2164:
2133:
2083:
2055:
2024:
1984:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1960:, and several
1929:
1926:
1892:aroma compound
1883:
1880:
1848:
1845:
1818:
1815:
1742:
1739:
1704:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1672:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1649:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1597:
1595:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1563:
1562:
1558:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1524:
1516:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1490:
1488:
1482:
1481:
1477:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1430:
1429:
1425:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1390:
1381:
1380:
1376:
1374:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1357:
1347:
1346:
1342:
1340:
1330:
1329:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1288:
1283:
1275:
1274:
1271:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1263:
1256:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1243:
1240:
1239:
1236:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1154:
1152:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1138:
1137:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1096:Myzus persicae
1088:powdery mildew
1055:
1052:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1028:Middle Eastern
1026:
1020:
1006:
1003:
997:
994:
970:
967:
935:
932:
818:
815:
806:Nigella sativa
738:
735:
635:parsley family
618:
615:
390:Middle English
385:
382:
242:, you may see
230:
229:
228:
225:
224:
219:
208:
207:
201:
200:
193:
191:
187:
186:
179:
175:
174:
169:
165:
164:
159:
155:
154:
149:
142:
141:
136:
129:
128:
123:
116:
115:
110:
103:
102:
97:
93:
92:
79:
78:
70:
69:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5130:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5081:
5076:
5072:
5068:
5063:
5059:
5055:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5037:
5033:
5029:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5011:
5007:
5003:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4985:
4981:
4977:
4971:
4967:
4962:
4958:
4954:
4949:
4945:
4941:
4936:
4932:
4928:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4897:
4893:
4889:
4884:
4880:
4876:
4871:
4867:
4863:
4858:
4854:
4850:
4845:
4841:
4837:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4819:
4815:
4811:
4806:
4802:
4798:
4793:
4789:
4785:
4780:
4776:
4772:
4767:
4763:
4759:
4754:
4750:
4746:
4740:
4735:
4729:
4725:
4720:
4714:
4710:
4709:
4707:
4705:
4701:
4697:
4692:
4680:
4679:
4675:
4673:
4672:
4668:
4666:
4665:
4661:
4659:
4658:
4654:
4652:
4651:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4615:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4604:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4577:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4566:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4544:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4528:
4526:
4525:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4494:
4492:
4491:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4423:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4406:
4403:
4399:
4390:
4385:
4383:
4378:
4376:
4371:
4370:
4367:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4331:
4329:
4325:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4284:
4278:
4275:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4265:
4263:
4260:
4258:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4230:
4228:
4227:Ras el hanout
4225:
4223:
4222:Quatre épices
4220:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4162:Khmeli suneli
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4142:
4141:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4116:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4108:Garlic powder
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4043:Bouquet garni
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3934:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3854:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3809:Litsea cubeba
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3784:Juniper berry
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3688:
3684:
3682:
3681:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3672:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3587:Celery powder
3585:
3583:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3539:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3505:
3503:
3501:
3497:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3393:
3392:Lemon verbena
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3297:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3246:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3177:
3175:
3170:
3169:
3166:
3160:at Wiktionary
3159:
3158:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3096:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3060:
3052:
3049:
3044:
3040:
3036:
3032:
3028:
3021:
3018:
3006:. WebMD. 2019
3005:
2999:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2956:
2954:
2950:
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2940:
2932:
2929:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2897:
2894:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2849:
2846:
2833:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2799:
2793:
2790:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2765:
2753:
2749:
2743:
2740:
2735:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2705:
2701:
2697:
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2682:
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2604:
2600:
2596:
2590:
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2570:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2552:
2549:
2536:
2532:
2526:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2509:
2503:
2499:
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2486:
2481:
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2470:
2462:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2454:
2452:
2448:
2443:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2392:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2344:
2341:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2307:
2305:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2297:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2245:9780395893388
2242:
2239:
2235:
2229:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2194:
2191:
2178:
2174:
2168:
2165:
2152:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2097:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2072:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2056:
2043:
2039:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2004:
1999:
1997:
1989:
1986:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1964:, especially
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:dietary fiber
1947:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1895:cuminaldehyde
1893:
1889:
1888:essential oil
1881:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1872:essential oil
1869:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:Cuminaldehyde
1846:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1828:
1825:(decoction),
1824:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1788:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1777:
1772:
1771:
1766:
1765:
1760:
1756:
1752:
1751:Leyden cheese
1748:
1740:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1702:
1695:
1691:
1686:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1642:
1635:
1633:
1629:
1622:
1620:
1616:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1594:
1590:
1583:
1581:
1577:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1502:
1500:
1496:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1424:
1422:
1415:
1408:
1406:
1398:
1391:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1373:
1365:
1358:
1356:
1351:Riboflavin (B
1348:
1341:
1339:
1331:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1308:
1305:
1304:beta-Carotene
1301:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1217:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1172:Dietary fibre
1169:
1165:
1163:
1159:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1148:Carbohydrates
1143:
1139:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1098:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1062:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1040:sulfuric acid
1032:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1004:
1002:
995:
993:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
968:
964:
960:
956:
948:
940:
933:
931:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
885:Minoan palace
882:
878:
874:
870:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
834:
827:
823:
816:
814:
812:
808:
807:
802:
801:
796:
795:
790:
786:
782:
777:
772:
768:
764:
760:
751:
743:
736:
734:
732:
728:
724:
720:
697:4–5 mm (
696:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
651:
647:
643:
640:
636:
632:
623:
616:
614:
612:
611:
601:
574:
573:
563:
537:
533:
532:Grant Barrett
529:
528:
518:
490:
487:
477:
472:
459:
454:
441:
437:
432:
422:
421:Ancient Greek
417:
412:
408:
405:
401:
398:
394:
391:
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
360:
356:
352:
351:
344:
317:
309:
280:
253:
245:
241:
237:
235:
222:
217:
215:
209:
206:
205:Binomial name
202:
198:
197:
192:
189:
188:
185:
184:
180:
177:
176:
173:
170:
167:
166:
163:
160:
157:
156:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
131:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
117:
114:
113:Tracheophytes
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
94:
89:
84:
80:
76:
71:
66:
63:
59:
55:
51:
44:
40:
33:
19:
4703:
4678:Sium sisarum
4676:
4669:
4662:
4655:
4648:
4631:
4624:
4612:
4605:
4598:
4586:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4541:
4536:
4531:Cryptotaenia
4529:
4522:
4495:
4488:
4451:
4444:
4432:
4420:
4408:
4207:Powder-douce
4197:Panch phoron
4167:Lemon pepper
4103:Garam masala
4093:Fines herbes
4073:Curry powder
4053:Chaat masala
3932:
3911:Sarsaparilla
3871:Onion powder
3819:Mango-ginger
3685:
3678:
3673:
3612:Chili powder
3397:
3387:Lemon myrtle
3344:
3340:
3295:
3294:Vietnamese (
3244:
3208:
3156:
3108:(1): 57–61.
3105:
3101:
3095:
3062:
3058:
3051:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3008:. Retrieved
2998:
2965:
2961:
2944:the original
2938:
2931:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2884:. Retrieved
2856:
2848:
2836:. Retrieved
2827:
2814:
2802:. Retrieved
2798:"Cumin Seed"
2792:
2780:. Retrieved
2776:
2767:
2755:. Retrieved
2751:
2742:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2681:
2669:. Retrieved
2662:the original
2657:
2645:
2633:. Retrieved
2628:
2619:
2607:. Retrieved
2598:
2589:
2577:. Retrieved
2573:crcna.com.au
2572:
2562:
2551:
2539:. Retrieved
2534:
2525:
2516:
2497:
2488:
2468:
2441:
2420:. Retrieved
2356:
2352:
2343:
2331:. Retrieved
2325:
2321:
2233:
2228:
2218:
2193:
2181:. Retrieved
2177:the original
2167:
2155:. Retrieved
2103:
2099:
2074:. Retrieved
2070:
2046:. Retrieved
2041:
2015:. Retrieved
2001:
1995:
1988:
1940:(especially
1931:
1905:
1885:
1850:
1834:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1820:
1807:
1800:
1790:
1787:curry powder
1782:garam masala
1780:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1755:chili powder
1744:
1726:
1720:
1716:
1706:
1661:
1656:
1531:
1526:
1519:
1290:
1285:
1278:
1244:
1190:
1146:
1107:
1100:
1094:
1092:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1065:
1059:
1057:
1048:
1036:
1014:
1011:Food grading
999:
972:
958:
897:
866:
842:Central Asia
839:
825:
810:
804:
798:
792:
762:
756:
727:Umbelliferae
630:
628:
491:
406:
399:
392:
387:
349:
348:
251:
250:
231:
213:
211:
195:
194:
182:
145:
132:
119:
106:
62:
5015:kew-2747364
4935:NatureServe
4870:iNaturalist
4728:Wikispecies
4650:Perideridia
4594:Leaf celery
4306:Bangladeshi
4237:Sharena sol
4232:Recado rojo
4217:Qâlat daqqa
4177:Mixed spice
4113:Garlic salt
4078:Doubanjiang
3814:Long pepper
3774:Horseradish
3592:Celery seed
3465:Sanshō leaf
3382:Lemon grass
3065:(1): 72–7.
2804:24 February
2635:24 December
2605:. June 2021
2599:dasd.gov.in
2422:24 February
2333:29 November
2183:27 February
2157:24 February
2076:20 February
2048:20 February
1934:Daily Value
1910:γ-terpinene
1899:substituted
1817:Traditional
1802:dhana jeera
1713:chromosomes
1707:Cumin is a
1334:Thiamine (B
1064:blight and
1024:South Asian
963:Indian dish
889:Late Minoan
871:in ancient
858:New Kingdom
763:Carum carvi
648:, branched
617:Description
397:Old English
126:Angiosperms
5097:Categories
5010:Plant List
4464:Asafoetida
4428:Alexanders
4344:Marination
4339:Herbal tea
4301:Australian
4297:By region
4272:Yuzu koshō
4262:Thuna paha
4202:Persillade
3955:Tonka bean
3891:Poppy seed
3799:Dried lime
3722:Fingerroot
3637:New Mexico
3545:Asafoetida
3377:Lemon balm
3335:Hoja santa
3315:Curry leaf
2692:L.) seeds"
2507:0415927463
2238:pp. 92–93.
1980:References
1954:B vitamins
1860:terpenoids
1735:cotyledons
1593:Phosphorus
1121:Cumin seed
1115:herbicides
1084:Alternaria
1061:Alternaria
1044:windbreaks
1009:See also:
988:(3%), and
860:levels of
411:Old French
4836:200015512
4823:200015512
4633:Osmorhiza
4518:Coriander
4459:Arracacha
4354:Spice rub
4349:Seasoning
4316:Pakistani
4147:Idli podi
4118:Gochujang
4068:Crab boil
3985:Yuzu zest
3916:Sassafras
3804:Liquorice
3710:Fenugreek
3647:Cultivars
3010:28 August
2909:: 19–25.
2716:1021-9498
2609:31 August
2579:31 August
2373:1426-3912
2217:"Cumin."
2128:0305-4403
1974:manganese
1970:magnesium
1958:vitamin E
1952:(table).
1902:pyrazines
1876:cosmetics
1731:hypocotyl
1682:Reference
1606:Potassium
1580:Manganese
1567:Magnesium
1499:Vitamin K
1486:Vitamin E
1473:Vitamin D
1460:Vitamin D
1447:Vitamin C
1418:Vitamin B
1401:Folate (B
1385:Vitamin B
1368:Niacin (B
1324:Vitamin A
1206:Saturated
928:bird food
877:Ideograms
854:Atlit-Yam
848:, or the
771:Indonesia
676:bipinnate
190:Species:
96:Kingdom:
5062:Tropicos
4940:2.145911
4901:10456924
4888:840882-1
4713:Wikidata
4607:Lomatium
4524:Crithmum
4479:Celeriac
4293:Culinary
4267:Vadouvan
4242:Shichimi
4140:Húng lìu
3960:Turmeric
3945:Tamarind
3794:Korarima
3727:Galangal
3695:Deulkkae
3654:Cinnamon
3632:Jalapeño
3622:Chipotle
3570:Cardamom
3523:Allspice
3490:Woodruff
3480:Tarragon
3445:Rosemary
3410:Marjoram
3372:Lavender
3367:Kkaennip
3305:Culantro
3289:Bolivian
3238:Bay leaf
3210:Angelica
3122:15631509
3087:19576388
2990:21681765
2923:13278163
2880:Archived
2876:30844154
2838:28 March
2832:Archived
2822:(2024).
2734:28911682
2658:cips.org
2391:33437175
2017:13 March
1922:β-pinene
1918:p-cymene
1914:safranal
1868:perfumes
1792:bahaarat
1767:blends,
1727:in vitro
1722:in vitro
1717:in vitro
1703:Breeding
1662:Quantity
1587:3.333 mg
1561:66.36 mg
1527:Quantity
1521:Minerals
1395:0.435 mg
1379:4.579 mg
1362:0.327 mg
1345:0.628 mg
1286:Quantity
1280:Vitamins
1080:Fusarium
1076:Fusarium
1072:Fusarium
1067:Fusarium
1022:Indian,
900:Americas
881:Linear A
767:Apiaceae
646:glabrous
476:Akkadian
370:cuisines
362:Apiaceae
172:Apiaceae
168:Family:
152:Asterids
139:Eudicots
39:curcumin
5067:1700068
4849:3034775
4766:Ecocrop
4719:Q132624
4644:Parsnip
4639:Parsley
4503:Chervil
4469:Caraway
4277:Za'atar
4172:Mitmita
4123:Harissa
4038:Berbere
4028:Baharat
3995:Zereshk
3990:Zedoary
3970:Vanilla
3933:huājiāo
3906:Saffron
3896:Radhuni
3876:Paprika
3861:Njangsa
3856:Nigella
3834:Mustard
3732:greater
3642:Tabasco
3617:Cayenne
3597:Charoli
3565:Caraway
3560:Camphor
3528:Amchoor
3440:Perilla
3435:Parsley
3430:Oregano
3425:Mitsuba
3420:Mugwort
3345:giấp cá
3325:Epazote
3296:rau răm
3262:Chervil
3067:Bibcode
3004:"Cumin"
2970:Bibcode
2886:21 June
2725:9332532
2671:8 March
2603:Calicut
2416:"Cumin"
2382:7790001
2202:page 57
2151:"Cumin"
2108:Bibcode
2067:"Cumin"
2038:"Cumin"
1946:protein
1864:flavors
1827:arishta
1823:kashaya
1776:sofrito
1764:achiote
1759:Tex-Mex
1757:(often
1709:diploid
1613:1788 mg
1541:Calcium
1493:3.33 mg
1441:24.7 mg
1434:Choline
1328:1270 IU
1253:17.81 g
1246:Protein
1230:3.279 g
1220:14.04 g
1210:1.535 g
1199:22.27 g
1155:44.24 g
1019:Iranian
1005:Grading
980:(13%),
893:Morocco
869:Minoans
817:History
779:. Many
759:caraway
723:caraway
712:⁄
702:⁄
680:flowers
672:pinnate
661:⁄
465:
447:
436:Semitic
431:kúminon
425:κύμινον
416:cuminum
395:, from
357:in the
353:) is a
183:Cuminum
178:Genus:
162:Apiales
158:Order:
100:Plantae
41:or the
5118:Spices
5023:PLANTS
5002:961856
4973:NZOR:
4927:501839
4875:161251
4810:152312
4784:488085
4742:APDB:
4620:Lovage
4582:Fennel
4513:Cicely
4484:Celery
4474:Carrot
4416:Ajwain
4311:Indian
4128:Hawaij
4083:Douchi
4058:Chaunk
4023:Advieh
4018:Adjika
4010:Blends
3980:Wasabi
3921:Sesame
3866:Nutmeg
3829:Mahleb
3824:Mastic
3759:Golpar
3749:Ginger
3744:Garlic
3737:lesser
3705:Fennel
3602:Chenpi
3582:Cassia
3513:Ajwain
3508:Aonori
3500:Spices
3475:Sorrel
3460:Savory
3405:Lovage
3352:Hyssop
3279:Cicely
3267:Chives
3257:Borage
3245:tejpat
3120:
3085:
2988:
2921:
2874:
2864:
2782:7 June
2757:7 June
2732:
2722:
2714:
2541:7 June
2504:
2476:
2389:
2379:
2371:
2243:
2126:
1972:, and
1948:, and
1920:, and
1870:, and
1858:, and
1856:cymene
1810:ground
1789:, and
1770:adobos
1671:8.06 g
1639:4.8 mg
1626:168 mg
1619:Sodium
1600:499 mg
1574:931 mg
1548:931 mg
1506:5.4 μg
1454:7.7 mg
1317:762 μg
1176:10.5 g
1166:2.25 g
1162:Sugars
1132:Energy
984:(5%),
982:Turkey
922:, and
916:Mexico
781:Slavic
776:jinten
695:achene
684:umbels
668:leaves
639:annual
575:) and
486:kamūnu
480:𒂵𒈬𒉡
471:kammūn
458:Arabic
456:) and
453:kammōn
440:Hebrew
409:) and
359:family
68:Cumin
56:, and
43:Cumans
5054:72392
4966:52462
4914:17194
4896:IRMNG
4862:12617
4805:EUNIS
4797:CVUCY
4758:6C25L
4745:27428
4537:Cumin
4440:Anise
4286:Lists
4252:Tajin
4247:Tabil
4088:Duqqa
4048:Buknu
3965:Uzazi
3940:Sumac
3926:Shiso
3849:white
3844:brown
3839:black
3789:Kokum
3674:Cumin
3669:Cubeb
3659:Clove
3607:Chili
3575:black
3533:Anise
3485:Thyme
3470:Shiso
3357:Jimbu
3310:Cress
3252:Boldo
3231:Lemon
3216:Basil
3201:Herbs
3157:cumin
3144:Cumin
2919:S2CID
2665:(PDF)
2654:(PDF)
2318:(PDF)
1882:Aroma
1747:spice
1668:Water
1412:10 μg
1312:64 μg
978:Syria
974:India
959:Jeera
924:China
920:Chile
873:Crete
789:Roman
692:ovoid
688:fruit
434:), a
407:kumin
400:cymen
393:comyn
318:also
252:Cumin
146:Clade
133:Clade
120:Clade
107:Clade
32:girah
5036:POWO
5028:CUCY
4989:6667
4961:NCBI
4922:ITIS
4883:IPNI
4857:GRIN
4844:GBIF
4792:EPPO
4771:5043
4549:Dill
4000:Zest
3901:Rose
3715:blue
3538:star
3455:Sage
3415:Mint
3330:Hemp
3320:Dill
3226:Thai
3221:Holy
3118:PMID
3083:PMID
3012:2019
2986:PMID
2888:2024
2872:PMID
2862:ISBN
2840:2024
2806:2018
2784:2022
2759:2022
2730:PMID
2712:ISSN
2673:2017
2637:2022
2611:2021
2581:2021
2543:2022
2502:ISBN
2474:ISBN
2424:2018
2387:PMID
2369:ISSN
2335:2013
2241:ISBN
2185:2022
2159:2018
2124:ISSN
2078:2024
2050:2024
2019:2008
1966:iron
1936:for
1836:ghee
1831:vati
1741:Uses
1632:Zinc
1585:145%
1572:222%
1559:369%
1554:Iron
1480:0 IU
1467:0 μg
1428:0 μg
990:Iran
828:Linn
811:q.v.
797:and
783:and
731:dill
719:seed
650:stem
610:-min
572:-min
570:KYOO
463:كمون
445:כמון
5075:WFO
5049:RHS
4948:NBN
4909:ISC
4831:FoC
4818:FNA
4779:EoL
4753:CoL
3450:Rue
3110:doi
3075:doi
3063:647
3039:doi
2978:doi
2911:doi
2828:FDA
2720:PMC
2704:doi
2377:PMC
2361:doi
2116:doi
1944:),
1938:fat
1906:sec
1637:44%
1611:60%
1598:40%
1546:72%
1532:%DV
1491:22%
1393:26%
1377:29%
1360:25%
1343:52%
1291:%DV
1192:Fat
986:UAE
813:).
674:or
613:).
608:KOO
550:juː
527:-in
525:KUM
489:).
296:juː
5099::
5077::
5064::
5051::
5038::
5025::
5012::
4999::
4986::
4963::
4950::
4937::
4924::
4911::
4898::
4885::
4872::
4859::
4846::
4833::
4820::
4807::
4794::
4781::
4768::
4755::
4730::
4715::
3116:.
3106:53
3104:.
3081:.
3073:.
3061:.
3035:19
3033:.
2984:.
2976:.
2966:91
2964:.
2952:^
2917:.
2907:75
2905:.
2878:.
2870:.
2830:.
2826:.
2775:.
2750:.
2728:.
2718:.
2710:.
2700:25
2698:.
2694:.
2656:.
2627:.
2597:.
2571:.
2533:.
2450:^
2432:^
2399:^
2385:.
2375:.
2367:.
2357:45
2355:.
2324:.
2320:.
2251:^
2208:^
2136:^
2122:.
2114:.
2104:31
2102:.
2098:.
2086:^
2069:.
2058:^
2040:.
2027:^
2010:,
2006:.
2000:.
1968:,
1956:,
1924:.
1916:,
1912:,
1878:.
1866:,
1854:,
1805:.
1785:,
1779:,
1773:,
1624:7%
1504:5%
1478:0%
1465:0%
1452:9%
1439:4%
1426:0%
1420:12
1410:3%
1315:7%
1310:7%
918:,
914:,
910:,
875:.
844:,
733:.
588:uː
380:.
347:;
331:uː
316:US
312:;
283:,
221:L.
148::
135::
122::
109::
52:,
4388:e
4381:t
4374:v
3935:)
3347:)
3343:(
3298:)
3247:)
3187:e
3180:t
3173:v
3124:.
3112::
3089:.
3077::
3069::
3045:.
3041::
3014:.
2992:.
2980::
2972::
2925:.
2913::
2890:.
2842:.
2808:.
2786:.
2761:.
2736:.
2706::
2675:.
2639:.
2613:.
2583:.
2545:.
2510:.
2482:.
2426:.
2393:.
2363::
2337:.
2187:.
2161:.
2130:.
2118::
2110::
2080:.
2052:.
2021:.
1998:"
1994:"
1696:.
1405:)
1403:9
1387:6
1372:)
1370:3
1355:)
1353:2
1338:)
1336:1
761:(
714:5
710:1
707:–
704:6
700:1
663:4
659:1
656:+
654:1
604:(
600:/
597:n
594:ɪ
591:m
585:k
582:ˈ
579:/
566:(
562:/
559:n
556:ɪ
553:m
547:k
544:ˈ
541:/
521:(
517:/
514:n
511:ɪ
508:m
505:ʌ
502:k
499:ˈ
496:/
483:(
468:(
450:(
428:(
343:/
340:n
337:ɪ
334:m
328:k
325:ˈ
322:/
308:/
305:n
302:ɪ
299:m
293:k
290:ˈ
287:/
279:/
276:n
273:ɪ
270:m
267:ʌ
264:k
261:ˈ
258:/
254:(
246:.
236:.
60:.
45:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
