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36:
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108:, whose duty was to pour and serve the drinks at the royal table. On account of the constant fear of plots and intrigues (such as poisoning), a person had to be regarded as thoroughly trustworthy to hold the position. He would guard against poison in the king's cup, and was sometimes required to swallow some of the drink before serving it. His confidential relations with the king often gave him a position of great influence.
214:, the sixth King of the Median / Persian Empire. The position placed his life on the line every day, but gave Nehemiah authority and high pay. He was held in high esteem by Artaxerxes, as the record shows. His financial ability would indicate that the office was a lucrative one.
490:
is cupbearer to
Leontes, King of Sicily, and Polixenes, King of Bohemia. When Leontes becomes convinced of his wife Hermione's infidelity with Polixenes, he entreats Camillo to use his privileged position as his cupbearer to poison Polixenes:
588:
until the end of the 13th century. The holder was responsible for the wine cellar of the King and Grand Duke, serving him cups of wine at banquets. Since the 14th century, it has been an honorary court title in the
414:, which is a cognate to the Latinized Gothic term used in Spain. The count would have poured the king's wine or drink personally while the other cup-bearers served other distinguished guests at the royal table.
173:
536:
was the first Chief Butler of
Ireland. Although the terms "cup-bearer" and "butler" are sometimes used interchangeably, they were two distinct roles at the coronation feast.
65:
451:
556:, was the supervisor of the cupbearers at court and across the royal court system, a chief court officer/dignitary. The first mention of him dates from 1148.
533:
884:
468:
was occupied by aristocrats who were in charge of drinks at royal feasts. In the tenth and eleventh centuries they were appointed from among the
245:), once thought to mean "chief of the cupbearers" is now given a different derivation and explained as "chief of the officers" or "princes".
598:
956:
270:
87:
141:
The cup-bearer as an honorific role, for example as the
Egyptian hieroglyph for "cup-bearer", was used as late as 196 BC in the
951:
185:
825:
122:
961:
206:) accords with the fact that there were often a number of such officials under one as chief. In the Post-exilic period,
48:
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44:
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40:1, although the Hebrew word (elsewhere translated as "cup-bearer") is here sometimes rendered as "
203:
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266:
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423:
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195:
162:
158:
225:, where they, among other evidences of royal splendor, are stated to have impressed the
826:"Butlers and Dish-Bearers in Anglo-Saxon Courts: Household Officers at the Royal Table"
461:
226:
650:
940:
860:
807:
274:
142:
655:
430:. His duties were normally performed only during coronations. At other times, the
668:
514:
105:
783:
146:
27:
Servant whose task is to pour, (taste) and serve the drinks at the royal table
852:
353:
are also closely related to Greek mythology, with the Roman goddess of youth
844:
764:
709:
683:
678:
663:
637:
625:
585:
473:
372:
629:
636:; In the Grand Duchy of Lithuania over Horodniczy (Gorodnyčius) and under
792:
778:
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704:
673:
633:
383:
355:
343:
282:
207:
177:
17:
439:
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230:
581:
406:), which in English would be called cellars or buttery and in French
346:, who joined Hêbê among the gods and goddesses and started a family.
278:
199:
624:
According to the district office hierarchy in 1768, the position in
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officers who was in the service of the
Visigothic kings was called
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328:
323:
295:
172:
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honored a cup-bearer. A much older role was the appointment of
338:
Hêbê's role of cup bearer ended when she was then replaced by
29:
293:
and is described performing her duties as cup-bearer in the
269:, the goddess of youth, was the original cup-bearer to the
210:
rose to the high ranking palace position of cup-bearer to
390:, or "Count of the Cup-bearers." The count headed the
191:
Cup-bearers are mentioned several times in the Bible.
932:"Mythography- The Greek Goddess Hêbê in Myth and Art"
883:
This entry incorporates text from the public domain
114:
500:have benched and reared to worship, who mayst see
57:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
493:
472:, the third rank of nobles, after the king and
452:Dish-bearers and butlers in Anglo-Saxon England
301:
304:The gods were seated near to Zeus in council,
149:cup-bearer Areia, daughter of Diogenes; each
8:
745:
408:
235:
104:was historically an officer of high rank in
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392:
502:plainly, as heaven sees earth sees heaven,
418:As a Great Office in the Holy Roman Empire
118:
902:International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
885:International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
88:Learn how and when to remove this message
378:As palatine officers in Visigothic Spain
308:served them nectar, as with cups of gold
252:
925:(The Holy Bible: Nehemiah 1:11-2:6 RSV)
919:. book IV, 1–5. Atlantic Monthly Press.
695:
614:– Grand Duke's Cup-Bearer of Lithuania
498:his cupbearer, whom I from meaner form
310:they toasted one another, looking down
202:". The phrase "chief of the butlers" (
110:
928:(The Holy Bible: 1 Corinthians 10:21)
217:Cup-bearers are mentioned further in
135:Egyptian hieroglyph for a cup-bearer
7:
922:(The Holy Bible: 1 Kings 10:3-7 RSV)
504:how I am gallèd, might bespice a cup
456:The office of butler or cup-bearer (
342:. She then married the deified hero
306:upon a golden floor. Graciously Hêbê
184:; Illuminated Bible from the 1220s,
257:A cup-bearer depicted c. 460–450 BC
194:The position is first mentioned in
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506:to give mine enemy a lasting wink
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608:– King's Cup-Bearer of the Crown
508:which draft to me were cordial.
426:ranked as Arch-Cupbearer of the
34:
887:, originally published in 1915.
359:being the counterpart to Greek
599:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1:
654:The dictionary definition of
438:served as cupbearers for the
620:– District King's Cup-Bearer
186:National Library of Portugal
824:Gautier, Alban (May 2017).
760:See further on cupbearers:
983:
449:
370:
285:. Hebe is the daughter of
957:Food services occupations
312:toward the stronghold of
595:Grand Duchy of Lithuania
580:) was a court office in
550:Master of the Cupbearers
43:This article includes a
845:10.1111/1468-2281.12181
798:Antiquities of the Jews
743:see BDB under the word
72:more precise citations.
952:Ceremonial occupations
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446:In Anglo-Saxon England
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182:Artaxerxes I of Persia
910:The King's Cup-bearer
908:Walton, O.F. (2005).
904:public-domain article
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161:as cup-bearer in the
962:Obsolete occupations
560:Poland and Lithuania
233:'s glory. The title
833:Historical Research
552:), also called the
466:Anglo-Saxon England
915:Manguel, Alberto.
733:. 5:8, 10, 14, 17.
540:Kingdom of Hungary
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153:starting with the
45:list of references
874:National archives
640:(Pataurininkis).
520:The Winter's Tale
487:The Winter's Tale
434:and, after 1714,
428:Holy Roman Empire
180:as cup-bearer to
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436:Count of Althann
432:Count of Limpurg
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223:2 Chronicles 9:4
151:Ptolemaic Decree
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219:1 Kings 10:5
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204:Genesis 40:2
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169:In the Bible
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106:royal courts
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84:
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64:Please help
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947:Cup-bearers
669:Food taster
578:taurininkas
515:Shakespeare
484:Camillo in
382:One of the
243:Isaiah 36:2
70:introducing
941:Categories
784:Cyropaedia
690:References
632:and under
574:Lithuanian
554:főpohárnok
529:In Ireland
398:(singular
351:Roman gods
271:Greek gods
147:Kanephoros
102:cup-bearer
917:The Iliad
861:159587154
853:0950-3471
773:. iii.34.
770:Histories
765:Herodotus
747:Rabshakeh
710:Hellenica
684:Sommelier
679:Pinkernes
664:Bartender
657:cupbearer
638:Podczaszy
628:was over
626:the Crown
586:Lithuania
474:ealdormen
373:Pinkernes
237:Rabshakeh
78:June 2018
18:Cupbearer
793:Josephus
779:Xenophon
725:Nehemiah
705:Xenophon
702:compare
674:Paharnic
644:See also
634:Podstoli
512:—
458:pincerna
402:scancium
384:palatine
356:Juventas
344:Heracles
340:Ganymede
332:. 5.1–5.
320:—
283:ambrosia
208:Nehemiah
178:Nehemiah
145:for the
811:. 1:22.
570:cześnik
440:Emperor
394:scancia
231:Solomon
196:Genesis
66:improve
859:
851:
630:Łowczy
582:Poland
566:Polish
470:thegns
279:nectar
221:, and
200:butler
857:S2CID
829:(PDF)
523:(1.2)
464:) in
329:Iliad
324:Homer
314:Ilion
296:Iliad
229:with
51:, or
849:ISSN
593:and
584:and
544:The
422:The
361:Hebe
349:The
291:Hera
289:and
287:Zeus
281:and
267:Hebe
841:doi
460:in
273:of
261:In
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100:A
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