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In front of
Windhoek's municipal buildings there was a statue of von François. It was inaugurated on 18 October 1965 on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the second foundation of the town by him. The statue was controversial in Windhoek, and several calls for its removal had been made prior to
535:
princess Amalia
Gawaxas while in German South West Africa. They had a daughter, Josephine. His wife died soon thereafter, and he re-married in Germany. His second wife was Margarethe Meyer zu Bohmte from a wealthy family. They had four children, two of which died in their infancy.
483:
and its final storming led to tremendous civilian casualties. Rendered as the "Massacre of
Hoornkrans" by the international press, it severely damaged François' reputation. Moreover, Witbooi escaped and fled into the
875:
1086:
676:
Bismarck, Südwestafrika und die
Kongokonferenz: Die völkerrechtlichen Grundlagen der effektiven Okkupation und ihre Nebenpflichten am Beispiel des Erwerbs der ersten deutschen Kolonie.
1111:
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563:. This area was flattened, and of his grave only the location remained documented. From that information the grave was restored in 2018, and a tombstone was erected.
468:
However, François at the same time had to cope with the rising resistance by the Nama people. On 12 April 1893 he led an attack of 225 German soldiers on Nama leader
735:
884:
44:
861:
793:
Wirz, Albert (1975). "Reviewed Work: Ohne Schuss Durch Dick und Dunn, Erste
Erforschung des Togohinterlandes 1888-1889 by Curt von Francois, Gotz von Francois".
1096:
418:) in order to deal with opponents to German authority in the interior of the territory. In May 1890 he renewed a former peace agreement with the Herero chief
361:
920:
539:
451:
of German South West Africa from March 1891 until
November 1893. Within this time period (on 12 September 1892) he established the coastal town of
634:
Der
Hottentotten-Aufstand. Studie über die Vorgänge im Namalande v. Jan. 1904 bis 2. Jan. 1905 u. d. Aussichten d. Niederwerfung d. Aufstandes
1061:
1076:
662:
644:
Ohne Schuss durch dick und dünn: erste
Erforschung des Togohinterlandes (Privately published by Dr. Erika Götz von François in 1972)
844:
1101:
1106:
834:
469:
630:. with eight sketches, Verlag E. S. Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1901. - Lessons from the South African War for the German army.
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745:
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had to reaffirm the treaty. At
Windhoek, François set up the new headquarters of the German occupation (which he called
403:
264:
402:
Curt von François to provide security to the territory. In June 1889 he arrived with 21 troopers, 8 soldiers of the
299:
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888:
440:, Old Fortress). This location was chosen because the Germans felt it would serve as a buffer zone between the
373:
325:
216:
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built at the behest of François in 1890 at
Windhoek was expanded in 1912, and has been a museum since 1962.
520:
395:
256:
170:
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356:, following negotiations with a local African chief. He called this coastal region of southwestern Africa
268:
208:
176:
128:
559:. The part of the cemetery where he was buried belonged to the forbidden area of the Eastern side of the
594:, Mitteilungen Von Forschungsreisenden Und Gelehrten Aus Den Deutschen Schutzgebieten I, Berlin 1888 -
552:
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large parts of the colony. In November 1893 he was promoted to Major and given the title of
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80:
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307:
132:
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to Germany and during the following year he retired from military life. In retirement in
717:"Windhoek erhielt heute Stadtrechte" [Windhoek received town privileges today].
826:
609:
1045:
1022:
532:
477:
387:
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were soon to declare the area a protectorate, Lüderitz advised the German chancellor
353:
248:
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337:
204:
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223:) where he was responsible on behalf of Kaiser for the foundation of the city of
560:
488:, where he waged several months of guerrilla warfare against the German forces.
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598:, Communications from Researchers and Scholars from the German Protected Areas
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29:
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316:
386:. However, the German authorities met with fierce resistance by the local
772:
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423:
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329:
244:
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605:
602:
Die Erforschung des Tschuapa und Lulongo : Reisen in Centralafrika
220:
814:
263:
and was one of the key contributors to the German victory at the 1914
556:
333:
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and two years later joined another expedition into the Congo led by
806:
538:
480:
769:"Namibia pulls down German colonial officer's statue in Windhoek"
274:
Like his ancestors, young Curt von François joined the Prussian
857:
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and eventually occupied the completely destroyed settlement of
282:
of 1870–71, whereby his father was killed in action during the
456:
596:
Travel in the Hinterland of the German Togo Conservation Area
320:(Captain). In 1887 he was stationed as a research officer in
919:
628:
Lehren aus dem Südafrikanischen Kriege für das deutsche Heer
618:, Verlag D. Reimer, Berlin 1899. - German South West Africa.
430:
decades earlier). Upon Maharero's death in October, his son
390:. When in 1888 their officials were forcibly expelled from
665:
by Victor L. Tonchi, William A. Lindeke, John J. Grotpeter
624:, Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1900. - Warfare in South Africa.
447:
After Göring was recalled from office, François served as
608:
1888. - Exploration of Tschuapa and Lulongo: Travels in
523:, he wrote extensively about his experiences in Africa.
795:
The International Journal of African Historical Studies
734:
Mbathera, Ester; Pinehas, Tutaleni (17 November 2021).
592:
Reise im Hinterlandes des deutschen Schutzgebiets Togo
723:(in German) (2015 reprint ed.). 18 October 1965.
551:
hospital on 28 December 1931. He was interred in the
1087:
German military personnel of the Franco-Prussian War
455:
as the main harbour of German South West Africa and
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968:
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163:
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74:
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43:
20:
493:Imperial Schutztruppe for German South West Africa
251:general Bruno von François, who was killed in the
406:and 13 volunteers in the British-held enclave of
195:(2 October 1852 – 28 December 1931) was a German
491:François' force was formally established as the
410:. Soon afterwards François stationed himself at
1112:Recipients of the Iron Cross (1870), 2nd class
869:
736:"Verona, the last grandchild of Von François"
310:. Back in Germany, he became a member of the
8:
1072:Colonial people of German South West Africa
686:
684:
572:being taken down on 23 November 2022.
414:(against the advice of acting commissioner
876:
862:
854:
28:
17:
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294:on an exploratory expedition along the
543:von François' restored grave in Berlin
472:'s headquarters at Hoornkrans west of
286:on 6 August 1870, and was awarded the
34:François in Schutztruppe uniform, 1896
827:Biographies of Namibian personalities
511:of South West Africa. He embarked in
227:on 18 October 1890 and the harbor of
7:
767:Chothia, Farouk (23 November 2022).
372:of 1884. On 7 October the colony of
45:Governor of German South West Africa
259:(1856–1933) served as a general in
57:March 1891 – 15 March 1894
352:had purchased the coastal area of
314:, and was elevated to the rank of
14:
1097:Burials at the Invalids' Cemetery
503:In 1894 François was replaced by
495:by the Reich Law of 9 June 1895.
368:to claim it, which he did at the
924:Flag of German South West Africa
663:Historical Dictionary of Namibia
278:. He served as a soldier in the
207:officer and commissioner of the
302:region under the leadership of
1:
650:References and external links
348:In 1883, the German merchant
247:ancestry. He was the son of
193:Curt Karl Bruno von François
1062:People from Luxembourg City
744:. p. 6. Archived from
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1077:German explorers of Africa
833:Kurt von François (1899).
622:Kriegführung in Süd-Afrika
148:Margarethe Meyer zu Bohmte
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290:. In 1883 he worked as a
255:. Curt's younger brother
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113:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
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50:
39:
27:
1011:Friedrich von Lindequist
889:German South West Africa
374:German South West Africa
340:territory in the north.
217:German South West Africa
1102:Prussian Army personnel
547:Von François died in a
396:German Colonial Society
332:and the trade route to
1107:Schutztruppe personnel
933:Imperial Commissioners
925:
836:Deutsch-Südwest-Afrika
636:., Berlin 1905. - The
616:Deutsch-Südwest-Afrika
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476:. The shelling of the
376:was established under
209:imperial colonial army
1082:German mass murderers
947:Heinrich Ernst Göring
923:
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531:Von François married
239:François was born in
1092:German war criminals
1017:Bruno von Schuckmann
312:German General Staff
265:Battle of Tannenberg
257:Hermann von François
171:Hermann von François
1067:History of Windhoek
748:on 17 November 2021
692:"Curt von François"
674:Jörg Schildknecht:
549:Königs Wusterhausen
444:and Herero tribes.
360:. Fearing that the
324:. On behalf of the
284:Battle of Spicheren
280:Franco-Prussian War
269:Louise von François
253:battle of Spicheren
177:Louise von François
129:Königs Wusterhausen
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904:Heinrich Vogelsang
720:Allgemeine Zeitung
698:. 4 September 2019
553:Invalids' Cemetery
545:
486:Naukluft Mountains
322:German West Africa
231:on 4 August 1892.
215:, particularly in
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1038:
1005:Lothar von Trotha
976:Curt von François
959:Curt von François
678:LIT-Verlag, 2000.
370:Berlin Conference
366:Otto von Bismarck
344:South West Africa
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22:Curt von François
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999:Theodor Leutwein
982:Theodor Leutwein
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122:28 December 1931
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91:Personal details
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432:Samuel Maharero
416:Heinrich Göring
379:Reichskommissar
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955:(1890–1891)*
949:(1885–1890)*
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776:. Retrieved
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750:. Retrieved
746:the original
741:The Namibian
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700:. Retrieved
696:zernsdorf.de
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578:Schutztruppe
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426:(founded by
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205:Schutztruppe
201:cartographer
192:
191:
124:(1931-12-28)
76:Succeeded by
52:
15:
1057:1931 deaths
1052:1852 births
1025:(1910–1915)
1019:(1907–1910)
1013:(1905–1907)
1001:(1898–1905)
984:(1894–1898)
978:(1893–1894)
961:(1891–1893)
943:(1884–1885)
912:(1883–1884)
897:Magistrates
891:(1883–1915)
778:23 November
752:17 November
702:17 November
567:Recognition
561:Berlin Wall
521:Brandenburg
499:Later years
412:Otjimbingwe
296:Kasai River
276:Cadet Corps
261:World War I
63:Preceded by
1046:Categories
953:Louis Nels
453:Swakopmund
437:Alte Feste
408:Walvis Bay
336:up to the
292:geographer
288:Iron Cross
243:of French
241:Luxembourg
229:Swakopmund
197:geographer
109:Luxembourg
102:1852-10-02
68:Louis Nels
992:Governors
885:Governors
638:Hottentot
517:Zernsdorf
513:Cape Town
400:Hauptmann
392:Okahandja
382:governor
317:Hauptmann
219:(today's
173:(brother)
164:Relatives
53:In office
773:BBC News
474:Rehoboth
424:Windhoek
420:Maharero
398:engaged
358:Lüderitz
330:Togoland
249:Prussian
245:Huguenot
225:Windhoek
156:Children
70:(acting)
1034:*acting
1007:(1905)*
906:(1883)*
606:Leipzig
362:British
298:in the
221:Namibia
211:of the
139:Spouses
133:Germany
843:
815:216720
813:
557:Berlin
533:Damara
478:Oorlam
457:mapped
394:, the
334:Salaga
179:(aunt)
811:JSTOR
481:kraal
338:Mossi
300:Congo
841:ISBN
780:2022
754:2021
704:2021
442:Nama
235:Life
119:Died
96:Born
887:of
803:doi
555:in
507:as
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809:.
797:.
771:.
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683:^
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100:(
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