1929:
behind them, while on the other side the patriot artillery fired at them. Ramírez boldly dismantled his equipment, made his best troops cross the river, with water up to his chest, and from the other shore he captured the artillery from Cuzco and returned the attack, giving time for the rest of his forces to confront
Pumacahua with a newfound advantage. In the midst of the confusion caused by this action, General Ramírez ordered the "cutting attack". The Spanish military report, signed on Friday, May 12, 1815, reports "seven dead by bullets, six drowned in the river and seven wounded" on the royalist side, while the patriotic dead, mostly civilians without much training, numbered more than a thousand. There were numerous executions on the battlefield, including that of the poet
431:
420:
409:
398:
387:
376:
134:
119:
1509:, being included within the authority of the revolutionary chiefs, the entire territory of the Cuzco Intendancy and, in military matters, five quartered companies, under the command of Commander Andrés Rendón; a regiment of dragoons under the command of Commander Martín Gabino Concha, and groups of troops from the Royal Regiment of Lima. Brigadier Pumacahua, the highest-ranking patriot officer, assumed the revolutionary military leadership. A local government board was formed made up of Pumacahua, royalist colonel Domingo Luis Astete and lieutenant colonel Juan Tomás Moscoso.
1701:
and armed with rejones. These forces were placed under the command of José Manuel Romano, nicknamed
Pucatoro (from Quechua: "Red Bull"). In this way, the patriot forces had resolved a difficult situation; however, Romano's defection prevented a happy outcome for them. Romano killed Hurtado de Mendoza and surrendered to the royalists. This caused the dispersion of the patriots and the capture of the leaders of the revolt. The traitor would receive his punishment at the hands of Colonel José María Castañeda in 1825.
1260:. The insurgent plan was revealed by one of the signatories of the revolutionary pact, Mariano Zubizarreta. The Béjar, Carbajal, the Angulo brothers, and others were arrested before the revolution began by order of the Viceroy. The conspirators who were not imprisoned planned a second attempt on November 5, 1813, but another conspirator named Mariano Arriaga, was the cause of another failure. However, a group of patriots did not give up their efforts and tried to take the
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301:
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241:
218:
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177:
160:
107:
1397:
318:
294:
258:
211:
194:
170:
357:
1639:
after two days of siege, committing excesses with the population. He was followed by 20,000 men, mainly
Indians armed with spears, slings and batons, only 500 with rifles, and 8 cannons. Because of an explosion in which rebel soldiers died, 52 Spaniards and 16 Creoles from the city were killed. Among those killed was the governor Marquis of Valdehoyos and the parents of future Bolivian presidents
1277:
1621:. They left Cuzco in mid-August and received the support of thousands of indigenous people in the districts of Azángaro and Carabaya. They took the city of Puno without resistance on August 26, after Governor Manuel Químper abandoned it. There 18 Spaniards were captured and executed with clubs and stones. Then they headed towards the garrison that protected the
308:
248:
184:
1710:
1467:. However, due to their ascendancy over the Cuzco garrison, they held political meetings from there. By August 1814, the constitutionalist partisans, called "criollos", politically controlled the city of Cuzco, but the followers of the Angulo, under the demand for the application of the Cadiz Constitution, intended to follow the autonomous actions of
1241:(favorable to the Viceroy of Lima). In this confrontation, the leadership of the brothers José, Vicente Angulo and Mariano Angulo emerged, accompanied by José Gabriel Béjar, Juan Carbajal and Pedro Tudela. José and Vicente Angulo were officers of the royalist army in Abancay, then a party of the Cuzco administration.
1700:
guerrillas, who managed to hinder the royalist advance, the patriots reorganized again. Meanwhile, Hurtado de
Mendoza, managed to form a force with 800 men armed with rifles and shotguns, 18 cannons, 2 culverins (8, cast and manufactured in Abancay), 40 boxes of supplies and 5,000 indigenous mounted
1638:
The rebel army, made up of 500 riflemen, 37 cannons, called viborones, and 5,000 Indians armed with spears, slings, clubs, and batons headed for La Paz, a city protected by the governor, the
Marquis of Valdehoyos, with 300 men and 4 pieces of artillery. On September 24, La Paz was occupied by Pinelo
1549:
was taken in procession from Cuzco, along with a flag with blue and white colors, colors of the followers of the country's system. On
September 17, José Angulo, after seeing his constitutional claims rejected by Viceroy Abascal, who threatened to use force, warned him of the support that the patriot
1928:
took place, which tipped the balance in favor of the royalists. Despite the realistic numerical inferiority (1,200 soldiers against no less than 12,000 patriots), discipline and the best tactical ability prevailed. A large force led by
Pumacahua surrounded the royalists with the swollen Lalli River
1765:
on
November 10, 1814. With the support of numerous civilian volunteers that were added from Cuzco, the patriots triumphed. After that victory, the authority of Captain General Angulo extended to the Pacific coast. They took Mayor Moscoso and Marshal Picoaga prisoner. The patriots entered Arequipa,
1371:
in Cuzco, and after receiving the diaconate on
September 18, 1802, he served in the parishes of Belén and Santiago, and was bursar in the doctrines of Alca and Quiaca. Consecrated as a priest around 1808, he was assigned to the parish of Pampamarca, whose temple he decorated and roofed, out of his
1905:
Meanwhile, on
February 8, 1815, with representatives from all the provinces of the administration, the Cabildo of Cusco ratified the proclamation of August. The "excellent captain general and political governor" José Angulo swore there the solemn oath to "love and defend the country, not allowing
1881:
on December 9, 1814. There, Ramírez Orozco applied severe penalties against the known patriots of the city. This gave rise to Angulo ordering in Cusco the execution of his two main prisoners of war: Marshal Picoaga and Mayor Moscoso. For the viceroy, this meant the "war to the death" against the
1941:
General Ramírez occupied Cuzco on March 25, 1815. On April 21, he ordered the executions of most of the surviving patriotic leaders: Pumacahua, the brothers José, Vicente and Mariano Angulo, José Gabriel Béjar, Pedro Tudela and others. José Angulo's uniform and his military banner were sent by
1554:
See viceroy (...) if (...) according to your public faith, you put yourselves in the sad situation of treating us as enemies, then you and your accomplices will experience our just rigor. Yes, dispatch troops to the pasture of our revenge, we warned you that they will not exceed four thousand
1769:
Upon being informed of the war measures arranged by the viceroy and aware of the proximity of royalist troops, Pumacahua and Angulo decided to fall back around Cuzco, leaving all the occupied municipalities and provinces free. An open town hall in Arequipa reconvened and hurriedly agreed to
1577:
The new government of Captain General Angulo appointed plenipotentiaries before the independent government of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata, received congratulations from General Belgrano and proceeded to form their institutions. He also sent three military expeditions to
1673:
Viceroy Abascal sent well-equipped and disciplined troops from Lima, among which were part of the Talavera de la Reina Regiment, under the command of Colonel Vicente González. These troops were reinforced with Huantine militias, since Huanta remained faithful to the Spanish crown. The
1359:. He then dedicated himself to commerce in Cuzco proper and took charge of the Simataucca estate, in Chinchero, which Petronila Durán de Quintanilla ceded to him. When the 1814 revolution broke out, he took over the command of the Cuzco headquarters, with the rank of colonel.
1312:, but as he did not have the financial resources to make it yield profitably, he transferred it to his brother Vicente on September 30, 1808. Concerned about the exploitation of the indigenous people at the hands of the Spanish, and by the ideological currents linked to the
1766:
where on November 12 Brigadier Pumacahua, representing the Cuzco patriot government, issued a solemn "intimidation" or declaration of war to Viceroy Abascal. Due to pressure from the Cusco troops, the Arequipa council recognized the Cuzco Junta on November 24.
1882:
patriots. Others say that it was Pumacahua, drunk, who gave the order because Picoaga did not receive him with honors when he capitulated. By then the revolution was in serious trouble: announcements were coming of the coming of a great expedition to
1876:
On November 17, Ramírez continued his rapid advance towards the viceroyalty of Peru, leaving José Landaverí as intendant governor of La Paz, with a company and 4 artillery pieces. The royalist troops under the command of Juan Ramírez Orozco entered
1324:
Dedicated to agricultural work, his brother José transferred his Chitabamba cane field to him in 1808, and to develop his crops, he offered it as a guarantee for the loans he contracted with the Convent of Santo Domingo on December 1, 1809, and the
1625:
crossing, where the royalist Joaquín Revuelta was located with 13 artillery pieces and 160 men, who deserted when the Cusqueños arrived on September 11. From there, Pinelo tried to coordinate actions with the head of the republicans of Upper Peru,
1512:
The insurrection was previously agreed to break out simultaneously in Cuzco, Lima and in the Royal Army of Upper Peru. In Lima, José Matías Vázquez de Acuña, Count de la Vega del Ren, remained indecisive and failed in the attempt, while in
1983:"The expedition of which he was a part came to an unfortunate end in Umachiri, but when the battle began, the inspiration of the poet made him raise in his ranks an austere and decisive insignia: the black flag of the war to the death."
1308:. He married María Asencia Tapia de Mendoza on January 7, 1790 and chose to dedicate himself to agricultural work in the vicinity of Cuzco. In 1798, he applied his wife's dowry to acquire the Chitabamba cane field located in the
1343:. He was promoted to lieutenant, being commissioned to guard three prisoners in Lima in 1812. Back in Cuzco on April 24, 1813, he actively participated in the revolutionary meetings, along with his brothers, José and Mariano.
1244:
The first revolutionary act was planned for October 9, 1813, with the support of the leaders of the royalist garrison of Cuzco, Matías Lobatón and Marcelino Vargas. The plotters demanded the president of the Cuzco Court,
1223:, Belgrano had released the defeated royalist soldiers in exchange for the promise not to take up arms again against the patriots, a promise from which they were released by the Viceroy and the Archbishop of Charcas.
1471:. A board would be formed that would be made up of three notables who were Mateo Pumacahua, Domingo Luis Astete and Juan Tomás Moscoso and that, like other American autonomist boards, recognized the authority of the
522:
1987:" put in front of him the bloody insignia of a black flag, as a sign of cruelty that we would be denied quarter; Instead of cowing my troops, he inspired in them only ardor and the desire to die with honor."
1634:
Oh happy and memorable revolution (...) that of the inhabitants of the Río de la Plata, which, although at such a cost, has shown the paths by which we must guide ourselves to the state of our happiness!
1120:
The origin of the rebellion was the claim held by members of the city council of Cuzco to establish a provincial council, also autonomous from the viceregal government of Lima, according to what the
1654:, from where they again tried to contact Álvarez de Arenales. On November 24, he sent them congratulations from Buenos Aires, promising to march with them to liberate the entire American continent.
1666:
on September 20, under the command of the Argentine Manuel Hurtado de Mendoza, who had as lieutenants the cleric José Gabriel Béjar and Mariano Angulo. Hurtado de Mendoza ordered a march towards
1486:
and regent Manuel Pardo Ribadeneira were deposed. José Angulo assumed the position of maximum leader of the revolution, being the president of the self-government board and captain general "
1506:
515:
1105:, including Huamanga, Arequipa and Puno, as well as part of the province of Charcas. The uprising involved the proclamation of the autonomy and self-government of Cuzco from the
1539:
The Cuzco proclamation is dated August 3, 1814 and the project of the Cuzco governing board was to support the autonomous actions of Buenos Aires. On September 8, 1814, in the
1426:
508:
1783:
1543:, with the blessing of Bishop José Pérez y Armendáriz, solemn worship was paid to a new flag, with transverse blue and white stripes. On its date, September 27, the
1055:
720:
708:
1824:
on November 2, 1814. The next day Ramírez entered the ruined city of La Paz, where 108 rebels were executed, the independentists of Pinelo quickly retreating to
1372:
own pocket. He was in the parish of Lares, when the revolution broke out in 1814. Aware of this event, he immediately moved to Cuzco to accompany his brothers.
1482:
In the early hours of Tuesday, August 3, 1814, a bloodless coup took place in which the Cuzco garrison massively joined the rebels. The president of the
560:
1853:
787:
1909:
After regaining strength and reinforcing his militia, General Ramírez left Arequipa in search of the patriots on February 12, 1815. He left General
1650:
Pinelo and Muñecas organized a government meeting in La Paz, made up of José Astete, Eugenio Medina and José Agustín Arze. They then set up camp at
1436:
1208:
1180:
770:
1031:
1196:
1497:(1984) has investigated, the military chiefs and the authorities loyal to the viceroy were confined to the headquarters located in the former
2289:
1336:
on June 5, 1811, for 2,000 and 6,000 pesos respectively. At that time he joined the Royalist Army to fight against the Argentine forces that
1179:, with subsequent battles in the viceroyalty's southern areas, and finally ending with the liberation of the city on March 25, 1815, by the
1810:
1622:
1678:
took place on September 30, 1814, the actions lasted three days, after which the patriots withdrew, leaving Huamanga. They reorganized in
1627:
1265:
1110:
380:
1296:. They were the legitimate children of Francisco Angulo and Melchora Torres, with the exact date of birth of each one being unknown.
2249:
2190:
2163:
1873:
and Aveleira defeated the Sacred Battalion and then took Muñecas prisoner. Muñecas was subsequently assassinated on July 7, 1816.
1368:
1565:
On December 30, 1814, Viceroy Abascal annulled the Constitution of Cádiz in Peru, in application of the order received from the
988:
1331:
2036:(in Spanish). Lima: Publicaciones de la Comisión Nacional del Sesquicentenario de la Independencia del Perú. p. 190.
1883:
1026:
851:
1721:, seconded by Vicente Angulo. Pumacahua's army had 500 riflemen, a cavalry regiment and 5,000 Indians. Pumacahua, as the
1316:, he frequented the meetings that the patriots from Cuzco organized in the city. He was the head of the 1814 revolution.
1010:
340:
1943:
1257:
1216:
1090:
532:
28:
1458:
1067:
1479:. Pumacahua initially promised 4,000 men, but his call was so popular that more than 20,000 Indians joined his cause.
953:
890:
555:
351:
673:
2294:
1869:
of Larecaja occurred on February 27, 1816, in the battle on the heights of Choquellusca, where the royalist chiefs
1062:
823:
732:
1964:
1809:
on October 15. From there Ramírez sent two companies over La Paz. The Cuzco revolutionaries partially crossed the
1617:(one of the sworn in Salta), seconded by the parish priest of the Cusco cathedral, Ildefonso de las Munecas, from
1403:
1326:
1251:
1043:
2010:
1337:
1289:
948:
861:
1453:
1246:
589:
1837:
1832:
1630:, writing him a letter on September 15 and issuing a proclamation in favor of the government of Buenos Aires:
1536:. He had the idea of revolting them on September 1, but he did not get adhesions, he was discovered and shot.
1514:
715:
696:
368:
1906:
everything that belongs to you to be offended, nor to work against it, nor to give rise to foreign enemies."
1231:
1127:
703:
1675:
1640:
1533:
613:
1755:
960:
269:
2304:
1814:
1744:
1494:
1476:
1464:
1261:
993:
618:
584:
68:
60:
56:
1791:
1236:
1132:
936:
577:
424:
1918:
1787:
998:
900:
873:
777:
751:
668:
654:
630:
1733:
1050:
1038:
931:
912:
811:
727:
596:
572:
288:
1749:
1683:
1522:
1207:
spread, a significant number of notables from Cuzco, with the support of officers and soldiers of the
1142:
866:
739:
642:
413:
1760:
1644:
965:
856:
799:
765:
691:
635:
567:
1796:
1003:
782:
391:
1819:
1566:
1356:
1184:
1106:
623:
138:
73:
52:
2081:
1895:
1726:
1532:, one of the sworn in Salta, moved to the cantonment of the "El General" Battalion from Cuzco in
1160:. Under the command of José Angulo, three expeditions were organized: the first took the city of
972:
885:
833:
64:
1870:
1688:
1122:
943:
647:
2207:
1923:
905:
756:
659:
2245:
2186:
2159:
1910:
1697:
1598:
1227:
1200:
878:
917:
816:
601:
329:
2037:
1472:
1352:
1309:
895:
828:
356:
273:
1942:
Ramírez to the viceroy as trophies of war. Thus concluded one of the first chapters of the
1738:
1147:
744:
435:
402:
2093:
1914:
1887:
1718:
1545:
1540:
1212:
1204:
1153:
1098:
926:
252:
226:
2019:(in Spanish). Lima: Comisión Permanente de la Historia del Ejército del Perú. p. 27.
1527:
1401:
A two-tone flag similar to that of Argentina, was used by the Junta. It was based on the
804:
1396:
2299:
1930:
1313:
1094:
317:
312:
293:
257:
222:
210:
205:
193:
188:
169:
164:
124:
79:
1963:"They designed a flag with the colors white and blue, distinctive of the habit of the
2283:
1857:, he formed the Sacred Battalion with indigenous people. It was first established in
1651:
1597:
The Viceregal authority of Lima, still weakened by the war against the revolution of
1114:
794:
1891:
1847:
1468:
2244:(in Spanish). Travaux de l'Institut français d'études andines. pp. 248–343.
2180:
2108:
2014:
1292:, a territory that then belonged to Cuzco, which is why they are also considered
1679:
1305:
500:
2242:
Ni con Lima ni con Buenos Aires: la formación de un estado nacional en Charcas
1899:
1779:
1717:
The third patriot group campaigned in Arequipa under the command of Brigadier
1618:
1555:
hardened brave soldiers (...), who will counteract with ten thousand who come.
1340:
1276:
1614:
2041:
1488:
of the country's arms of the provinces of Cuzco, Puno, Guamanga and La Paz
2031:
1878:
1667:
1663:
1583:
1579:
1226:
The rebellion had its origins in the political confrontation between the
1169:
1165:
471:
2071:
1846:
of Larecaja, where he formed a guerrilla group that was the base of the
1801:
with 1,500 riflemen and many auxiliary Indians, mostly from Chichas and
1754:, with reinforcements from Lima, confronted Pumacahua's troops at the
1709:
1858:
1802:
1722:
1591:
1518:
1498:
1211:
coming from the capitulation that followed the Spanish defeat in the
1161:
1137:
resolved to the contrary, ordering the arrest of the claimants. The
1862:
1806:
1708:
1560:
Reply from José Angulo to Viceroy José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa
1550:
cause would have and of the futility of confronting it with arms:
1275:
1220:
1176:
1102:
430:
419:
408:
397:
386:
375:
133:
1113:. The junta was modelled and intended to follow the steps of the
1825:
1610:
1587:
1502:
1351:
He started in public administration as a deputy delegate of the
2227:
Pumacahua, la revolución del Cuzco de 1814: estudio documentado
504:
1852:
General-in-chief of the Auxiliary Army of the country in the
1778:
Moved by Castro's attempt, the head of the royalist army of
1215:, decided to advance in the self-government granted by the
1164:; the second, directed to the north, assaulted the city of
1682:
and faced the royalists again on January 27, 1815, at the
1569:
from Ferdinand VII, who had restored absolutism in Spain.
1175:
The conflict began on August 3, 1814, with an uprising in
2272:(in Spanish). Ediciones Populares Los Andes. p. 301.
2185:(in Spanish). Publicacions de la Universitat Jaume I.
1729:, had great control and leadership among the Indians.
1452:
The leaders of the rebellion were under arrest in the
1157:
2158:(in Spanish). Lima: Hipocampo Editores. p. 198.
1355:
of Abancay, one of the political subdivisions of the
1268:. Due to the confrontation three, young people died.
1152:, fled on August 3, 1814, and found support in chief
1713:
A black flag was used by Mariano Melgar in Umachiri.
2113:(in Spanish). Lima: Imprenta "Gloria". p. 166.
1442:
1432:
1422:
1412:
1382:
2076:. Vol. IV. Imprenta Liberal. pp. 91–110.
1168:; the third, under Pumacahua's command, occupied
1842:took refuge with 200 people from La Paz in the
1632:
1552:
1195:In the middle of 1813, when the advance of the
1126:of 1812 anticipated, but that the court of the
21:
1967:, whom they designated patron of their arms."
1770:allegiance to the king on November 30, 1814.
1280:Painting of José, Vicente and Mariano Angulo.
516:
8:
2208:"Bicentenario de la rebelión del cusco 1814"
1327:Convent of Santa Catalina de Siena del Cusco
1913:as governor of Arequipa. On March 11, near
1601:, only took energetic measures in October.
1101:that took place in much of the province of
1379:
1230:, (favorable to Cuzco's autonomy) and the
544:
523:
509:
501:
18:
2263:
2261:
1613:was commanded by Juan Manuel Pinelo from
2141:
1219:against absolutism. After triumphing in
2229:(in Spanish). H. G. Rozas. p. 373.
2001:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1955:
1854:United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
1018:
980:
843:
683:
547:
227:
2206:Pilco Contreras, Néstor (2014-08-17).
2089:
2079:
2033:Antología de la Independencia del Perú
2016:Historia general del ejército peruano
1463:located on the southern front of the
7:
1902:refused to bow to the insurrection.
1507:San Antonio Abad National University
1138:
2270:Manual de historia general del Perú
2182:Las ciudades y la guerra, 1750-1898
2059:. Tipografía "La Opinión Nacional".
1850:of Larecaja. Establishing himself
1693:, where they were again defeated.
14:
2225:Cornejo Bouroncle, Jorge (1956).
1376:Establishment of a Junta in Cuzco
1264:, facing troops loyal to Viceroy
2107:San Cristóval, Evaristo (1919).
2055:Eguiguren, Luis Antonio (1914).
2013:; López Mendoza, Víctor (2005).
1790:a division under the command of
1628:Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales
1395:
1369:Saint Anthony the Abbot Seminary
1111:José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa
429:
418:
407:
396:
385:
374:
362:
355:
345:
334:
323:
316:
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299:
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263:
256:
246:
239:
216:
209:
199:
192:
182:
175:
168:
158:
132:
117:
105:
1865:. The definitive defeat of the
1505:times, the headquarters of the
480:2,000 men with traditional arms
1670:, which was taken peacefully.
1:
2110:La revolución del Cuzco, 1814
2070:Ulloa, José Casimiro (1880).
1896:returned to monarchical power
1662:The second division occupied
1304:Angulo started as a miner in
42:3 August 1814 – 25 March 1815
2290:Peruvian War of Independence
2030:Denegri Luna, Félix (1972).
1944:Peruvian War of Independence
1919:Battle of Umachiri/Humachiri
1605:Puno and Upper Peru Division
1217:Spanish Constitution of 1812
1091:Peruvian War of Independence
844:Northern liberation campaign
684:Southern liberation campaign
534:Peruvian War of Independence
29:Peruvian War of Independence
2268:Ortega, Eudoxio H. (1986).
1732:In Arequipa, Field Marshal
1389:Junta de gobierno del Cuzco
16:1814–1815 rebellion in Peru
2321:
2179:Broseta, Salvador (2002).
2009:Cisneros Velarde, Leonor;
1247:Martín de la Concha y Jara
852:Maynas War of Independence
2011:Lumbreras, Luis Guillermo
1813:and were defeated in the
1599:José Gabriel Condorcanqui
1394:
1388:
1387:
1256:, the application of the
542:
441:
146:
111:Government Junta of Cuzco
98:
34:
26:
2240:Roca, José Luis (2007).
1609:The division headed for
1288:were four brothers from
1063:Naval Blockade of Callao
381:José Fernando de Abascal
369:Ildefonso de las Muñecas
2154:Milla, Rodolfo (2006).
1404:Virgen de las Mercedes'
1262:Plaza de Armas of Cuzco
1232:Real Audiencia of Cuzco
1128:Real Audiencia of Cuzco
1087:Cuzco Rebellion of 1814
22:Cuzco Rebellion of 1814
1965:Virgen de las Mercedes
1917:in Puno, the decisive
1774:Royalist counterattack
1714:
1636:
1563:
1546:Virgen de las Mercedes
1501:convent and later, in
1383:Cuzco Government Junta
1281:
1228:constitutional cabildo
1158:Cuzco Government Junta
1109:, governed by Viceroy
1089:was an episode of the
874:Colombian intervention
147:Commanders and leaders
2073:La revolución de 1814
2057:La revolución de 1814
1788:Santiago de Cotagaita
1784:Joaquín de la Pezuela
1756:Battle of La Apacheta
1712:
1515:Joaquín de la Pezuela
1454:chapel of San Ignacio
1279:
1115:Junta of Buenos Aires
495:6 pieces of artillery
1937:End of the rebellion
1815:Chacaltaya/Achocalla
1745:José Gabriel Moscoso
1641:Andrés de Santa Cruz
1258:liberal constitution
548:Autonomous uprisings
459:Huamanga Expedition:
414:José Gabriel Moscoso
2142:Angles Vargas, 1983
2132:Eguiguren, 1914: 50
2123:Eguiguren, 1914: 64
1792:Juan Ramírez Orozco
1495:José Tamayo Herrera
1357:Intendancy of Cuzco
1185:Viceroyalty of Peru
1107:Viceroyalty of Peru
488:Ramírez's division:
482:500 men with rifles
392:Juan Ramírez Orozco
341:José María Corbacho
139:Viceroyalty of Peru
1888:Overseas provinces
1805:. They arrived in
1715:
1541:cathedral of Cuzco
1414:Dates of operation
1367:He studied at the
1282:
1027:Brown's Expedition
999:Conquest of Chiloé
886:Balconcillo mutiny
556:Goyeneche campaign
477:La Paz Expedition:
330:Juan Manuel Pinelo
289:José Gabriel Béjar
2295:Conflicts in 1814
1734:Francisco Picoaga
1705:Arequipa Division
1658:Huamanga Division
1623:Desaguadero river
1573:Rebellion expands
1567:Iberian Peninsula
1450:
1449:
1141:, members of the
1082:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1051:Guruceta campaign
1039:Cochrane campaign
932:Olañeta rebellion
499:
498:
448:12,000–36,000 men
436:Gregorio de Hoyos
403:Francisco Picoaga
94:
93:
2312:
2274:
2273:
2265:
2256:
2255:
2237:
2231:
2230:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2130:
2124:
2121:
2115:
2114:
2104:
2098:
2097:
2091:
2087:
2085:
2077:
2067:
2061:
2060:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2006:
1989:
1980:
1969:
1960:
1927:
1841:
1823:
1800:
1764:
1753:
1742:
1692:
1684:Battle of Matará
1676:battle of Huanta
1561:
1531:
1523:Saturnino Castro
1475:and the monarch
1462:
1443:Battles and wars
1415:
1399:
1390:
1380:
1335:
1310:Abancay district
1255:
1240:
1151:
1143:Cabildo of Cuzco
1136:
1071:
1059:
1047:
1035:
1007:
969:
957:
940:
921:
909:
882:
820:
808:
791:
774:
760:
748:
736:
724:
712:
700:
677:
663:
651:
639:
627:
605:
593:
581:
564:
545:
537:
535:
525:
518:
511:
502:
466:800 armed troops
434:
433:
423:
422:
412:
411:
401:
400:
390:
389:
379:
378:
367:
366:
365:
359:
350:
349:
348:
339:
338:
337:
328:
327:
326:
320:
311:
310:
309:
304:
303:
302:
296:
287:
286:
285:
278:
268:
267:
266:
260:
251:
250:
249:
244:
243:
242:
229:
221:
220:
219:
213:
204:
203:
202:
196:
187:
186:
185:
180:
179:
178:
172:
163:
162:
161:
154:Angulo brothers:
137:
136:
127:
123:
121:
120:
110:
109:
108:
90:Royalist victory
77:
51:Intendancies of
36:
35:
19:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2280:
2279:
2278:
2277:
2267:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2239:
2238:
2234:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2193:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2166:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2088:
2078:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2042:20.500.12934/77
2029:
2028:
2024:
2008:
2007:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1981:
1972:
1961:
1957:
1952:
1939:
1921:
1871:Agustín Gamarra
1835:
1817:
1794:
1776:
1758:
1747:
1736:
1719:Mateo Pumacahua
1707:
1686:
1660:
1607:
1575:
1562:
1559:
1525:
1456:
1446:Cuzco Rebellion
1413:
1408:
1378:
1365:
1349:
1329:
1322:
1302:
1286:Angulo brothers
1274:
1272:Angulo brothers
1249:
1234:
1213:battle of Salta
1205:Manuel Belgrano
1193:
1181:royalist forces
1154:Mateo Pumacahua
1145:
1139:Angulo brothers
1130:
1123:Cortes of Cádiz
1099:Mateo Pumacahua
1095:Angulo brothers
1083:
1078:
1065:
1053:
1041:
1029:
1019:Naval campaigns
1001:
963:
951:
934:
915:
903:
891:2nd Intermedios
876:
824:1st Intermedios
814:
802:
785:
768:
766:Miller campaign
754:
742:
730:
718:
706:
694:
671:
657:
645:
633:
621:
599:
587:
575:
558:
538:
533:
531:
529:
494:
492:
490:
483:
481:
479:
475:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
456:
453:
451:
449:
428:
427:
417:
416:
406:
405:
395:
394:
384:
383:
373:
363:
361:
360:
346:
344:
343:
335:
333:
332:
324:
322:
321:
307:
305:
300:
298:
297:
283:
281:
280:
274:
264:
262:
261:
253:Mateo Pumacahua
247:
245:
240:
238:
237:
232:
217:
215:
214:
200:
198:
197:
183:
181:
176:
174:
173:
159:
157:
156:
131:
118:
116:
115:
106:
104:
82:
71:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2318:
2316:
2308:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2282:
2281:
2276:
2275:
2257:
2250:
2232:
2217:
2198:
2191:
2171:
2164:
2146:
2134:
2125:
2116:
2099:
2062:
2047:
2022:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1970:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1938:
1935:
1931:Mariano Melgar
1775:
1772:
1706:
1703:
1696:Thanks to the
1659:
1656:
1645:José Ballivián
1606:
1603:
1574:
1571:
1557:
1473:Spanish courts
1465:Plaza de Armas
1448:
1447:
1444:
1440:
1439:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1419:
1416:
1410:
1409:
1400:
1392:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1377:
1374:
1364:
1361:
1348:
1347:Mariano Angulo
1345:
1321:
1320:Vicente Angulo
1318:
1314:May Revolution
1301:
1298:
1273:
1270:
1201:auxiliary army
1192:
1189:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1060:
1048:
1036:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1008:
996:
991:
989:Sucre campaign
983:
982:
978:
977:
976:
975:
970:
958:
946:
941:
929:
924:
923:
922:
910:
898:
888:
883:
871:
870:
869:
864:
862:2nd Higos Urco
859:
857:1st Higos Urco
846:
845:
841:
840:
839:
838:
837:
836:
831:
821:
809:
797:
792:
783:Quito campaign
780:
775:
763:
762:
761:
749:
725:
713:
701:
686:
685:
681:
680:
679:
678:
666:
665:
664:
652:
640:
628:
616:
606:
594:
582:
570:
565:
550:
549:
543:
540:
539:
530:
528:
527:
520:
513:
505:
497:
496:
491:1,200 soldiers
485:
452:600–800 rifles
444:
443:
439:
438:
371:
313:Mariano Melgar
270:Manuel Hurtado
149:
148:
144:
143:
142:
141:
112:
101:
100:
96:
95:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
80:Spanish Empire
50:
48:
44:
43:
40:
32:
31:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2317:
2306:
2305:1810s in Peru
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2285:
2271:
2264:
2262:
2258:
2253:
2251:9789995410766
2247:
2243:
2236:
2233:
2228:
2221:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2202:
2199:
2194:
2192:9788480213899
2188:
2184:
2183:
2175:
2172:
2167:
2165:9789972258671
2161:
2157:
2150:
2147:
2143:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2126:
2120:
2117:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2100:
2095:
2083:
2075:
2074:
2066:
2063:
2058:
2051:
2048:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2026:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2005:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1959:
1956:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1907:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1880:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1861:and later in
1860:
1856:
1855:
1849:
1845:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1798:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1751:
1746:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1711:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1669:
1665:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1648:
1646:
1642:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1604:
1602:
1600:
1595:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1556:
1551:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1529:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1491:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1478:
1477:Ferdinand VII
1474:
1470:
1466:
1460:
1455:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1431:
1428:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1411:
1406:
1405:
1398:
1393:
1386:
1381:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1362:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1333:
1328:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1299:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1278:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1248:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:Royalist Army
1206:
1202:
1198:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1144:
1140:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1124:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1069:
1064:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1009:
1005:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
985:
984:
981:Last bastions
979:
974:
971:
967:
962:
959:
955:
950:
947:
945:
942:
938:
933:
930:
928:
927:Callao mutiny
925:
919:
914:
911:
907:
902:
899:
897:
894:
893:
892:
889:
887:
884:
880:
875:
872:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
855:
854:
853:
850:
849:
848:
847:
842:
835:
832:
830:
827:
826:
825:
822:
818:
813:
810:
806:
801:
798:
796:
793:
789:
784:
781:
779:
776:
772:
767:
764:
758:
753:
750:
746:
741:
738:
737:
734:
729:
726:
722:
717:
714:
710:
705:
702:
698:
693:
690:
689:
688:
687:
682:
675:
670:
667:
661:
656:
653:
649:
644:
641:
637:
632:
629:
625:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
610:
607:
603:
598:
595:
591:
586:
583:
579:
574:
571:
569:
566:
562:
557:
554:
553:
552:
551:
546:
541:
536:
526:
521:
519:
514:
512:
507:
506:
503:
489:
486:
478:
474:
473:
460:
455:
446:
445:
440:
437:
432:
426:
421:
415:
410:
404:
399:
393:
388:
382:
377:
372:
370:
358:
353:
342:
331:
319:
314:
295:
290:
279:
277:
271:
259:
254:
236:
233:
230:
224:
212:
207:
195:
190:
171:
166:
155:
151:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
129:
128:
126:
113:
103:
102:
97:
89:
86:
85:
81:
75:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
46:
45:
41:
38:
37:
33:
30:
25:
20:
2269:
2241:
2235:
2226:
2220:
2211:
2201:
2181:
2174:
2155:
2149:
2137:
2128:
2119:
2109:
2102:
2072:
2065:
2056:
2050:
2032:
2025:
2015:
2004:
1986:
1982:
1962:
1958:
1940:
1908:
1904:
1875:
1867:republiqueta
1866:
1851:
1848:republiqueta
1843:
1830:
1786:, sent from
1777:
1768:
1731:
1716:
1695:
1672:
1661:
1649:
1637:
1633:
1608:
1596:
1576:
1564:
1553:
1544:
1538:
1511:
1492:
1487:
1483:
1481:
1469:Buenos Aires
1451:
1402:
1366:
1350:
1323:
1303:
1293:
1285:
1283:
1243:
1225:
1194:
1174:
1121:
1119:
1086:
1084:
716:2nd Arenales
704:1st Arenales
608:
487:
476:
464:5,000 horses
458:
457:
450:2,000 horses
447:
425:Manuel Pardo
275:
234:
153:
152:
114:
99:Belligerents
27:Part of the
2090:|work=
1922: [
1911:Pío Tristán
1836: [
1818: [
1811:Desaguadero
1795: [
1759: [
1748: [
1737: [
1687: [
1680:Andahuaylas
1526: [
1517:'s camp in
1457: [
1363:Juan Angulo
1330: [
1300:José Angulo
1250: [
1235: [
1146: [
1131: [
1093:led by the
1066: [
1054: [
1042: [
1030: [
1011:Iquicha War
1002: [
964: [
961:Corpahuaico
952: [
935: [
916: [
904: [
877: [
815: [
803: [
786: [
769: [
755: [
743: [
731: [
719: [
707: [
695: [
672: [
658: [
646: [
634: [
622: [
600: [
588: [
576: [
559: [
454:40 cannons
72: [
2284:Categories
2144:, p. 1114.
1996:References
1900:Cochabamba
1780:Upper Peru
1743:and Mayor
1521:, Colonel
1503:republican
1341:Upper Peru
1199:patriotic
1191:Background
1156:to form a
994:2nd Callao
949:Bellavista
778:1st Callao
728:Aznapuquio
619:Chacaltaya
468:18 cannons
352:José Pérez
2212:Los Andes
2092:ignored (
2082:cite book
1884:reconquer
1727:Chinchero
1484:audiencia
1437:Royalists
1433:Opponents
1418:1814–1815
1294:Cusqueños
1197:Argentine
585:2nd Tacna
568:1st Tacna
493:40 horses
484:8 cannons
472:culverins
462:5,000 men
1879:Arequipa
1698:Cangallo
1668:Huancayo
1664:Huamanga
1584:Arequipa
1580:Huamanga
1558:—
1427:Patriots
1306:Tarapacá
1290:Apurímac
1170:Arequipa
1166:Huamanga
973:Ayacucho
901:Arequipa
834:Moquegua
752:Quiapata
669:Aymaraes
655:Umachiri
631:Apacheta
442:Strength
61:Arequipa
57:Huamanga
47:Location
2156:Oquendo
1915:Ayaviri
1844:partido
1833:Muñecas
1831:Priest
1619:Tucumán
1353:Partido
1338:invaded
1266:Abascal
1203:led by
1183:of the
913:Falsuri
812:Caucato
692:Paracas
597:Camiara
573:Huánuco
276:†
225: (
206:Mariano
189:Vicente
2248:
2189:
2162:
1859:Sorata
1803:Tarija
1723:curaca
1592:La Paz
1586:, and
1534:Moraya
1519:Tupiza
1499:Jesuit
1423:Allies
1407:cloak.
1162:La Paz
896:Zepita
867:Habana
829:Torata
740:Ataura
643:Matará
614:Huanta
354:
315:
291:
272:
255:
235:Other:
208:
191:
167:
122:
87:Result
69:La Paz
67:, and
2300:Cusco
1950:Notes
1926:]
1892:Chile
1863:Ayata
1840:]
1822:]
1807:Oruro
1799:]
1763:]
1752:]
1741:]
1691:]
1530:]
1461:]
1334:]
1254:]
1239:]
1221:Salta
1177:Cuzco
1150:]
1135:]
1103:Cuzco
1070:]
1058:]
1046:]
1034:]
1006:]
968:]
956:]
944:Junín
939:]
920:]
908:]
881:]
819:]
807:]
800:Paras
790:]
773:]
759:]
747:]
735:]
723:]
711:]
699:]
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