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Cvitan Spužević

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316:). Spužević was saved by an intervention of fra Leo Petrović, a prominent Franciscan friar well respected among the population and recognized as such by ustaša authorities. After this crackdown, in August 1944 guerilla Yugoslav partisans managed to evacuate Spužević from ustaša-held Mostar and bring him to the territory they controlled, after Herzegovina Communist Party chairman Vaso Miškin “Crni” organized an action together with fra Petrović, who chose to stay in Mostar and look after Spužević’s family. Usually ustaša would arrest and imprison or intern a family of someone who left to join the partisans, but Spužević’s family – thanks to fra Petrović - was an exception in Mostar. All three Spužević’s sons eventually left to join the partisans, too. Spužević's cousin, judge dr. Đuro Spužević, on the other hand, was a deputy county prefect of 344: 143: 473:, Ustaša ideologue, NDH government minister and the author of racial legislation in WWII (tried and executed in 1945 as a war criminal), replacing them with plaques “Cvitan Spužević Street.” The acting mayor of Mostar, Ljubo Bešlić, welcomed the action and commented that dr. Spužević deserves to have a street in Mostar. National and regional media welcomed the idea as well. 431:
wanted another lawyer, a long-time communist born in Posusje, dr. Ante (Tune) Ramljak to be on the ballot instead, a compromise solution was found and Ramljak and Spužević ran against each other in the constituency, both as People’s Front candidates. Spužević refused to have Marko Šoljić, a long-time
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in the government included Jakov Grgurić (deputy prime minister), Ante Babić (education), and Ante Martinović (forestry). Spužević's ministry was responsible for the organisation of extensive reconstruction of the war-torn country. In October 1945, he was elected to the governing board of the newly
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After Mostar was liberated by the Partisans in February 1945, Spužević served as the vice-president of the county liberation committee, provisional authority for Mostar area. As a close friend of some prominent Mostar friars, he tried to intervene with other partisan authorities to enable the friars
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Dr. Cvitan Spužević, poznati rodoljub i ugledni Hrvat Hercegovine, duboko ganut rijetkim slavljem koje je Mostar doživio, u svome govoru naročito je podvukao zahvalnost koju narodi Hercegovine duguju oslobodiocima Mostara, a zatim oštro napao i osudio protivnarodni rad hrvatskih reakcionara koji se
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regime was formed, encompassing Bosnia and Herzegovina. Soon, ustaša campaign of ethnic cleansing, directed against Serb, Jewish and Roma population (as well as all Croat opponents and dissidents) reached Mostar. In July 1942, according to his diary, Spužević tried to intervene with the ustaša
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Milivoj Jelačić and Đorđe Obradović formed the Committee for the stricken persons, raising funds and food for the exiled, expelled, and vulnerable population in general. Most of the funds went to poverty-stricken Serbs of the area, which were discriminated and generally unwanted by the ustaša
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to save some Mostar families, including Serbs, from the internment or execution. He also asked for an immediate release of the Serbs from ustaša prisons and for a stop and reversal of racist and discriminatory ustaša policies (lay-offs, expulsions etc.), as well as sanctions against those who
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Spužević has been largely forgotten in historiography and the public in general. On the other hand, after the breakup of Socialist Yugoslavia, a street in western part of Mostar was named after his cousin, Đuro (Đuka) Spužević, who was entrusted by ustaše regime with a position of a
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and clerical elements, hostile to the communists and dr Ramljak. Spužević actively campaigned and canvassed his constituency, supported by the Catholic Church, but eventually lost to Ramljak by a landslide. After hearing the results, Spužević left Mostar.
371:. Spužević openly bemoaned this to the new authorities. Still, he expressed gratitude to the liberators of Mostar at a public rally. In front of Dalmatian and Herzegovinian partisan troops parading in Mostar, he decried those still not joining the 332: 545: 233: 441: 225: 1395: 751: 1415: 1400: 382:
After the partisans liberated Sarajevo and the war's end seemed imminent, ZAVNOBiH held its third session in Sarajevo at the end of April 1945, promulgating itself into the
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in Kingdom of Yugoslavia. Spužević was active in politics and public life in general between the two world wars. Since 1910, he was a member of the Mostar branch of
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priest in Mostar, Radivoje Krulj, stated he was "thrilled" to have learned of the action and that Spužević's name reminds him of compassion and thankfulness.
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there, arguing that some of them were old and frail and most definitely did not carry arms or resist the partisans. His best friend, Franciscan
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in their fight against the Axis, choosing instead to wait together with the fraction of pre-war Croatian Peasant Party and its chairman
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on his ticket, as the Communist Party suggested. Posušje communists described Spužević in their internal reports as connected to the
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for the PLF authorities. Since October 1944, he worked as a government official in the Department of the Interior of the fledgling
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br. 244 Izvještaj Velike župe Vrhbosna od 28 juna 1943 god. o situaciji na području istočne Bosne i zdravstvenom stanju u Sarajevu
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In 1943 and 1944, ustaša authorities arrested, imprisoned and executed many of their opponents in Mostar area, especially the
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and invading Axis forces, still fighting in the Mostar area. After the breakup of Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Axis puppet state
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decided to put Spužević on their ticket for Posušje-Široki Brijeg constituency, running for the seat of a deputy in the
313: 269: 240:(HSS) and founded Croatian National Union (HNZ) in opposition to it. In 1928 Spužević was also a founding member of the 605:"Utjecaj koaliranja Hrvatske seljačke stranke sa srpskim radikalima na izborne rezultate 1927. u Bosni i Hercegovini" 1294:(Doctoral dissertation, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.). 1290: 391: 1096:"Osnivanje i rad "Napretkovih" organizacija na području Hrvatskog primorja i Gorskog kotara (1928. - 1950.)" 1028:"Bosna i Hercegovina od ZAVNOBiH-a do Daytonskog sporazuma – kontinuitet izgradnje državnosti u xx stoljeću" 474: 428: 343: 433: 261: 237: 117: 1066:
Vukadinovic, Gojko (October 2012). "Odluke ZAVNOBiH-a su neunistive, jer se proslost ne moze mijenjati".
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in April 1941, Spužević and his friend fra Leo Petrović organised negotiations between the surrendering
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Leo Petrović was also shot in Mostar before Spužević entered the liberated town, while he was still in
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in 1901/2. After completing his law studies, he practiced law in Mostar. He was close to the
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family which had been honored and celebrated with verses by the 19th century Croatian poet
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Radovi: Radovi Zavoda za hrvatsku povijest Filozofskoga fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu
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Tomas, D. (2015). "Pogled na život i djelo don Ivana Tomasa kroz Hrvatsku reviju".
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Adnan Velagić, "Obnova i društveni razvoj Hercegovine od 1945. do 1952. godine",
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in 1945, becoming a cultural and political leader of the Croat community there.
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Spužević's cousin Đuro (Đuka) Spužević (1900–81) emigrated to Italy and then to
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State Anti-fascist Council for the National Liberation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
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www.bistrobih.ba, Portal o ribolovu i zaštiti okoline u Bosni i Hercegovini
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was formed. Dr. Spužević was appointed the minister of construction. Other
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Matović, Ivo, Milan Grahovac, Stevan Petković, and Svetolik Stefanović.
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he defended many persecuted Croatian communists in court, most notably,
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municipality. Ramljak attended school in Mostar. As a supporter of the
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Lučić, Ivo. "Što je (bila) Bosna i Hercegovina i tko smo (bili) mi."
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For the first post-war Bosnia-Herzegovina elections in October 1946,
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committed crimes against the Serb population of eastern Herzegovina
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Mostarska Operacija: Učesnici Govore: Okrugli Sto 13. Februar 1985
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society of Bosnia-Herzegovina branch in Mostar. In 1935 he was a
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and his practice was also employed as a legal representative for
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and was later appointed as a minister in the first government of
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Dodatak "Narodnom blagostanju" br. 25, Beograd, 2. godina III.
1336: 828:"Tko je bio Cvitan Spužević i zašto zaslužuje ulicu u Mostaru" 1306:"Tri sudska procesa članovima i pomagačima KPH u Sušaku 1940" 1219:"Mostar: Umjesto ul. M. Budaka "osvanula" ulica C. Spuževića" 940:“Kako je ubijeno sedam fratara u Mostaru 14. veljače 1945.” 1245:"Bešlić: Spužević zaslužio ulicu, nisam imao ništa protiv" 781:"Da sačuvamo od zaborava – OSNIVANJE PODRUŽNICE U MOSTARU" 688:
Ivan Tomas, “S. S. Kranjčević slavi Spuževićevu obitelj”,
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STATUS Magazin za Političku Kulturu i Društvena Pitanja
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Hercegovina u revoluciji: sjećanja, analize, dokumenti
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Hercegovina: Časopis za kulturno i povijesno naslijeđe
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to exhume and rebury friars the partisans had shot in
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People from the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina
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dr Antun (Tuna) Ramljak was a lawyer born in Ričine,
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Photo of the first government of Bosnia-Herzegovina
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On April 27, a cabinet under prime minister 1416:Bosnia and Herzegovina people of World War II 1401:Croat politicians from Bosnia and Herzegovina 1310:Vjesnik historijskih arhiva u Rijeci i Pazinu 8: 492:Spužević is a maternal great-grandfather of 1124: 1122: 195:People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina 32:People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina 598: 596: 296:fra Leo Petrović, fra Bonicije Rupčić and 15: 976: 974: 707:Dijalog povjesničara - istoričara. knj. 3 616: 350:entering liberated Mostar, February 1945 331:Dr. Spužević was elected as a member of 248:of the Land bank of Bosnia-Herzegovina ( 719:Muselimović, Josip (January 24, 2016). 648: 646: 644: 566: 496:academic and historian, Vuk Bačanović. 465:student activists, studying history at 384:national assembly of Bosnia-Herzegovina 892:IV., 2 (7), Široki Brijeg, 2011., p 42 574:Đurović, Draženko (January 23, 2018). 540:in WW2, he became court secretary for 1010:. Beograd: Vojnoizdavački zavod, 1986 292:Between 1942 and mid-1943, Spužević, 7: 981:Bačanović, Vuk (November 25, 2016). 401:Croatian cultural society "Napredak" 320:and later county prefect (Croatian: 230:Croatian cultural society "Napredak" 461:In the night of February 19, 2018, 954:"Fra Martin Sopta (1891. – 1945.)" 926:Danilo Komnenović, Muharem Kreso: 672:"Kranjčević u Bosni i Hercegovini" 419:of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As the 14: 30:minister for construction of the 1169:Abaz, Minel (February 5, 2018). 1084:36, Sarajevo, 2007, str. 97-118. 942:, vecernji.ba, February 13, 2016 903:"Djuro Spužević @ Acta Croatica" 552:in the Ministry of Education of 413:United People’s Liberation Front 141: 826:Gudelj, J (February 20, 2018). 507: 260:During the German and Italian 226:Herzegovina Franciscan friars’ 44:April 27, 1945 – 1946 1: 1335:Šarić, Tatjana (2010-12-15). 1100:Časopis za Suvremenu Povijest 1094:Zdravko, Matić (2004-12-22). 849:Časopis za suvremenu povijest 758:(in Croatian). Archived from 654:Časopis za suvremenu povijest 618:10.47960/2712-1844.2019.5.209 236:he opposed the policy of the 183:Croat from Bosnia-Herzegovina 1159:. NIŠRO "Oslobođenje". p.200 851:48.3 (2016): 709-726., p.715 611:(in Croatian) (5): 209–240. 536:magazine. Having joined the 348:8th Dalmatian Partisan corps 314:Jasenovac Concentration camp 270:Independent State of Croatia 1195:"Opcina jugozapad - Mostar" 328:in ustaša regime (1942-5). 1432: 1411:Yugoslav Partisans members 1270:A, A (February 19, 2018). 1171:"Busuladžić u Hercegovini" 1014:kupe oko izdajnika Mačeka. 756:www.hkd-napredak-mostar.ba 721:"Tri tenora svoga vremena" 213:. Spužević graduated from 1026:Pejanović, Mirko (2013). 928:29. HERCEGOVACKA DIVIZIJA 670:Jelčić, Dubravko (2016). 538:People's Liberation Front 434:Spanish civil war veteran 386:and appointing the first 205:Spužević was born into a 172: 70: 37: 25: 938:fra Gaudencije Ivančić: 750:Nikic, dr. fra Andrija. 603:Glibušić, Ivica (2019). 373:National liberation army 308:and anyone connected to 279:minister of the interior 112:Croatian National Union 1391:Politicians from Mostar 1041:: 27–48. Archived from 189:he was a member of the 1016: 952:Jolić, Robert (2013). 522:interbellum Yugoslavia 351: 262:invasion of Yugoslavia 250:Zemaljska banka za BiH 238:Croatian Peasant Party 118:Croatian Peasant Party 660:(1), 39-59., p 51 f96 546:government of Croatia 346: 287:in the summer of 1941 165:Years of service 1406:Yugoslav politicians 1035:Historijska Traganja 417:Constituent Assembly 339:Communist Yugoslavia 1251:. February 20, 2018 1225:. February 19, 2018 884:fra Andrija Nikić. 725:Vecernji list (BiH) 429:Western Herzegovina 388:national government 197:from 1945 to 1946. 1288:Tržić, H. (2012). 1153:Papić, R. (1985). 1144:: 107-136., p. 116 456:Hum county prefect 392:Rodoljub Čolaković 352: 324:) of Mostar-based 310:Yugoslav partisans 159:Yugoslav Partisans 127:lawyer, politician 55:Office established 1316:(1970): 209–275. 961:Stopama Pobijenih 890:Stopama pobijenih 752:"Kratka povijest" 467:Mostar University 176: 175: 115: 1423: 1357: 1356: 1332: 1326: 1325: 1301: 1295: 1286: 1280: 1279: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1258: 1256: 1241: 1235: 1234: 1232: 1230: 1215: 1209: 1208: 1206: 1205: 1199:free-zg.t-com.hr 1191: 1185: 1184: 1182: 1181: 1166: 1160: 1151: 1145: 1135: 1129: 1126: 1117: 1115: 1091: 1085: 1078: 1072: 1071: 1063: 1057: 1056: 1054: 1053: 1047: 1032: 1023: 1017: 1004: 998: 997: 995: 993: 978: 969: 968: 958: 949: 943: 936: 930: 924: 918: 917: 915: 914: 907:actacroatica.com 899: 893: 882: 876: 870: 864: 861: 852: 844:Mandić, Hrvoje. 842: 836: 835: 823: 817: 814: 808: 802: 796: 795: 793: 792: 777: 771: 770: 768: 767: 747: 741: 738: 729: 728: 716: 710: 701:Maja Miljković: 699: 693: 686: 680: 679: 667: 661: 650: 639: 638: 620: 600: 591: 590: 588: 586: 571: 530:publishing house 511: 458:during the war. 432:communist and a 256:Second World War 147: 145: 144: 132:Military service 113: 75:Personal details 63: 51: 42: 16: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1425: 1424: 1422: 1421: 1420: 1376: 1375: 1366: 1361: 1360: 1343:(in Croatian). 1334: 1333: 1329: 1312:(in Croatian). 1303: 1302: 1298: 1287: 1283: 1269: 1268: 1264: 1254: 1252: 1243: 1242: 1238: 1228: 1226: 1217: 1216: 1212: 1203: 1201: 1193: 1192: 1188: 1179: 1177: 1175:www.prometej.ba 1168: 1167: 1163: 1152: 1148: 1136: 1132: 1127: 1120: 1102:(in Croatian). 1093: 1092: 1088: 1079: 1075: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1051: 1049: 1045: 1030: 1025: 1024: 1020: 1005: 1001: 991: 989: 983:"Moj dida i ja" 980: 979: 972: 956: 951: 950: 946: 937: 933: 925: 921: 912: 910: 901: 900: 896: 883: 879: 871: 867: 862: 855: 843: 839: 825: 824: 820: 815: 811: 803: 799: 790: 788: 779: 778: 774: 765: 763: 749: 748: 744: 739: 732: 718: 717: 713: 700: 696: 690:Hrvatska revija 687: 683: 676:Hrvatska revija 669: 668: 664: 651: 642: 602: 601: 594: 584: 582: 573: 572: 568: 563: 550:book censorship 532:that published 526:Marko Orešković 518:Communist Party 505: 502: 483: 451: 421:Communist Party 409: 399:re-established 341: 318:Vrhbosna county 258: 222:Catholic Church 211:S.S. Kranjčević 203: 179:Cvitan Spužević 142: 140: 116: 109:Political party 93:Austria-Hungary 87: 61: 49: 43: 38: 21: 20:Cvitan Spužević 12: 11: 5: 1429: 1427: 1419: 1418: 1413: 1408: 1403: 1398: 1393: 1388: 1378: 1377: 1374: 1373: 1365: 1364:External links 1362: 1359: 1358: 1347:(1): 387–423. 1327: 1296: 1281: 1262: 1236: 1210: 1186: 1161: 1146: 1130: 1118: 1086: 1073: 1058: 1018: 999: 970: 944: 931: 919: 894: 877: 865: 853: 837: 818: 809: 797: 772: 742: 730: 711: 694: 681: 662: 640: 592: 565: 564: 562: 559: 558: 557: 501: 498: 482: 479: 450: 447: 408: 407:1946 elections 405: 396:Bosnian Croats 340: 337: 257: 254: 234:1927 elections 202: 199: 174: 173: 170: 169: 166: 162: 161: 156: 155:Branch/service 152: 151: 138: 134: 133: 129: 128: 125: 121: 120: 110: 106: 105: 100: 96: 95: 81: 77: 76: 72: 71: 68: 67: 64: 58: 57: 52: 46: 45: 35: 34: 27: 26: 23: 22: 19: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1428: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1409: 1407: 1404: 1402: 1399: 1397: 1394: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1371: 1368: 1367: 1363: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1338: 1331: 1328: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1300: 1297: 1293: 1292: 1285: 1282: 1277: 1273: 1266: 1263: 1250: 1246: 1240: 1237: 1224: 1220: 1214: 1211: 1200: 1196: 1190: 1187: 1176: 1172: 1165: 1162: 1158: 1157: 1150: 1147: 1143: 1141: 1134: 1131: 1125: 1123: 1119: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1097: 1090: 1087: 1083: 1077: 1074: 1069: 1062: 1059: 1048:on 2018-02-24 1044: 1040: 1036: 1029: 1022: 1019: 1015: 1009: 1003: 1000: 988: 984: 977: 975: 971: 966: 962: 955: 948: 945: 941: 935: 932: 929: 923: 920: 909:(in Croatian) 908: 904: 898: 895: 891: 887: 881: 878: 874: 869: 866: 863:Mandić, p.722 860: 858: 854: 850: 847: 841: 838: 833: 829: 822: 819: 816:Mandić, p.712 813: 810: 807: 801: 798: 786: 782: 776: 773: 762:on 2018-02-28 761: 757: 753: 746: 743: 737: 735: 731: 726: 722: 715: 712: 708: 704: 698: 695: 691: 685: 682: 677: 673: 666: 663: 659: 655: 649: 647: 645: 641: 636: 632: 628: 624: 619: 614: 610: 606: 599: 597: 593: 581: 577: 570: 567: 560: 555: 551: 547: 543: 539: 535: 531: 527: 523: 519: 515: 510: 509: 504: 503: 499: 497: 495: 490: 488: 480: 478: 476: 475:Serb orthodox 472: 468: 464: 463:Bosnian Croat 459: 457: 448: 446: 443: 439: 435: 430: 426: 422: 418: 414: 406: 404: 403:in Sarajevo. 402: 397: 393: 389: 385: 380: 378: 374: 370: 366: 362: 358: 357:Široki Brijeg 349: 345: 338: 336: 334: 329: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 302: 301:authorities. 299: 295: 290: 288: 283: 280: 275: 271: 267: 266:Yugoslav army 263: 255: 253: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 231: 227: 223: 219: 218: 217:Realgymnasium 212: 208: 207:Bosnian Croat 200: 198: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 171: 167: 163: 160: 157: 153: 150: 139: 135: 130: 126: 122: 119: 111: 107: 104: 101: 97: 94: 90: 85: 82: 78: 73: 69: 65: 59: 56: 53: 47: 41: 36: 33: 28: 24: 17: 1386:1880s births 1372:, April 1945 1344: 1340: 1330: 1313: 1309: 1299: 1289: 1284: 1275: 1265: 1255:February 20, 1253:. 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Index

People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
ca.
Mostar
Austria-Hungary
Yugoslav
Croatian Peasant Party
Yugoslavia
Yugoslav Partisans
Croat from Bosnia-Herzegovina
World War II
ZAVNOBiH
People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian Croat
S.S. Kranjčević
Mostar Realgymnasium
Catholic Church
Herzegovina Franciscan friars’
Croatian cultural society "Napredak"
1927 elections
Croatian Peasant Party
Fishermen
board member
invasion of Yugoslavia
Yugoslav army
Independent State of Croatia
Ustaša
minister of the interior
Artuković
in the summer of 1941
vicar

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