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camouflage exceptionally well. But, even though the trashline itself attracts attacking wasps, these wasps are unable to locate the spider within the web since the debris of the web's decoration is of similar color, size, and shape as the spider itself. Because of the variability in the amount of silk reserves the spider has, webs of different diameters may be created. However, larger web diameters do not impact the insect-trapping efficiency of stabilimenta-adorned webs, and instead, the efficiency is dependent solely on the presence of stabilimenta, a type of web decoration.
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sunrise. However, the prey that gets stuck to the web are still sometimes able to release itself, which gives the spiders another reason to leave the security of the web hub to ensure the prey is fully captured. Due to this, pursuing an increase in energy reserves comes at the direct cost of increased exposure to visual predators such as wasps, and females must balance these two to maximize their fitness and reproductive success.
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The spider is native to the continental United States, and Mexico, but has been introduced and found in places across Hawaii, the
Caribbean, Middle, and South America, the Galapagos Islands, and even Oceania. Its large geographic range is likely due to its ability to travel through the wind using its
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In one study conducted in East Texas, researchers studied webs built-in mid-August with an average diameter of 9.13 inches. In these webs, 42% of the prey that had been caught had been so strongly crushed and macerated by the spider's chelicerae that they could not be identified. Among the remaining
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spiders reach full maturation in the spring, but when males become mature, they do not spin webs, but instead travel away from their home in search of potential mates. Females do spin webs and when they mate, they can create up to five egg sacs which will be hidden by the female in the surrounding
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is unique in that it also creates the so-called "trashline" web, which is a line of various components such as prey's carcasses, detritus, and, at times, egg cases. This trashline appears to hinder the predators from visually locating the spider within its web. The trashline" helps the spider to
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One reason these spiders are thought to be so widely distributed is that their young can efficiently travel through the air via wind currents. The spiderling first climbs onto a perch and extends a line of silk into the air. The wind catches the silk, and when the silk is long enough and the tug
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Specifically for the female spider, they occupy the web hub, which is the center, almost continuously and conduct their sit-and-wait foraging behavior. This behavior allows the female spiders to ensnare prey at nearly any time of day, and they only leave their spot to replace the web prior to
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spiders' are under poor nutritional conditions, they strategically assess their silk resources before initiating web construction and alter their behavior to produce a highly regular web in spite of their diminished silk reserves. Since prey discrimination through interpretation of web-borne
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is unique in that its locomotor and web-building activity cause it to have an exceptionally short-period circadian clock, about 19 hours. Current research is being conducted to understand how web-building behavior may be regulated by this endogenous circadian control in this species.
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spiders were placed into chambers with periods of 19, 24, or 29 hours of evenly split light and dark, none of the spiders exhibited decreased longevity in their own circadian clock. These findings contradicted all previous research into circadian resonance and suggest that
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have been found on cotton and peanut crops, grassland pastures, on sand dunes, shrubs, pecan orchards, and various plants such as bluebonnets, croton, prickly pear, Baccharis, and
Monarda citriodora. In woodland habitats, they favor live oak,
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occur in North
America north of Mexico, and these species differ in how their webs are positioned within vegetation, and for that reason, species diversity is highest in habitats that have high architectural and botanic diversity.
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has two generations per year. The first generation matures and reproduces in late spring and dies in early summer, and the second generation matures and reproduces during the summer and dies during the fall and winter.
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are also unique in their collection of prey carcasses along a so-called 'trashline' on their web. This advanced protective behavior allows the spider to stay on its web but remain inconspicuous to its predators.
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Some experts believe that increased thanatosis behavior during the daytime may correspond to an increased fitness cost associated with fleeing the web hub during the nighttime when prey is most abundant.
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appears to forage both during daytime and nighttime; however, an experimental assay of prey capture behavior suggested that the species shows primarily nocturnal patterns of foraging aggression because
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generally starts foraging at lower levels of energy reserves during the middle of the day when predators are most abundant. Because their visually oriented predators are mostly diurnal, female
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is a relatively small species with sizes about 4– 7 mm in length. Their color is a mix of browns, blacks, and whites, and their abdomen tapers to a rounded point, hence their given name.
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not only can constraint the prey but also convey some information. The vibration generated by the prey can tell the spider about its size, power, and dangerousness. Experiment has shown that
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are known for creating orb-shaped webs, which are webs that utilize both the sticky and non-sticky threads, mostly during times of complete darkness. Across its spiral wheel-shaped web, the
328:. The diet of sphecid wasps contains up to 75% orb-weaving spiders, and these two populations live in close proximity across much of North America. Experts agree that female
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can respond to different types of vibrations. They selectively avoid some dangerous prey that can potentially cause injury during feeding. Statistical analysis showed that
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The size of the prey that is captured using the web is actually related to the physical size of the spider and not so much the spider's life stage. So in addition, when
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spiders are known to be both biting and venomous, but their bites are thought to be unable to seriously injure healthy humans and other large animals, such as dogs.
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58% of prey, aphids were most prominent, followed by small dipterans, small hymenopterans, leafhoppers, thrips, small coleopterans, and lastly red fire ants.
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does not sacrifice predator vigilance for increased foraging efforts because the period of highest foraging aggression coincides with the period during which
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spiders shake their webs back and forth, possibly to warn other larger animals of the webs existence in order to drive it away when they feel threatened.
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is expected to mostly ignore potential prey in the day time and instead complete their foraging at night to avoid revealing their presence to predators.
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powerful enough, the spiderling releases its grip on the perch and flies through the air. This allows the species to colonize vast areas of land.
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are found across North
America, Mexico, and the northern regions of South America. They are extremely common along forest edges and fencing.
996:
Crews, Opell (21 October 2020). "THE FEATURES OF CAPTURE THREADS AND ORB-WEBS PRODUCED BY UNFED CYCLOSA TURBINATA (ARANEAE: ARANEIDAE)".
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Richardson, Hanks (21 October 2020). "Partitioning of Niches Among Four
Species of Orb-Weaving Spiders in a Grassland Habitat".
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Males are most active from March to
September, while females are more active from March to October. Females of
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Females are typically within 3.3 and 5.2 mm in body length, while males are on average 2.5 mm long.
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Known to readily construct webs within wooden frames both in the field and in the laboratory, the spider
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spiders are bivoltine, meaning that they reproduce once in the late spring and once again in the fall.
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is known for also using species of
Ambrosia (ragweed), Asclepias (milkweed), and Cirsium (thistle).
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differ most dramatically from other species in their choice of plants for attaching webs. Other
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Moore, Watts, Herrig, Jones (20 October 2020). "Exceptionally short-period circadian clock in
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can adjust their strategies towards preys, including waiting time and frequency of turning.
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forages across the diel cycle, but modulates its foraging aggression in a regular fashion.
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do not suffer the same costs of extreme desynchronization as do other species of animals.
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Hymenopterans, specifically wasps, are a primary source of predation and parasitism in
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876:"Cyclosa turbinata (Araneae, Araneidae): Prey discrimination via web-borne vibrations"
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928:: regulation of locomotor and web-building behavior in an orb-weaving spider".
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is more likely to attack at night than during the day. This indicates that
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have the widest mesh compared to the rest of the genus. Adult and juvenile
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811:"Feeding Habits of the Spiders Cyclosa Turbinata and Lycosa Rabida"
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behavior more frequently, and for longer durations during the day.
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Ragsdale, Shone, Miller, Shields, Jones, Moore (21 October 2020).
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trees, building their webs in hollow sycamore trees or in shrubs.
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is most likely to leave the foraging area because of predators.
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Diel patterns of foraging aggression and antipredator behaviour
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build their webs higher above the ground than spiders of other
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is confronted with a predator stimulus, the species shows
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274:due to its similar appearance and orb-style webs.
223:The specific name is derived from the Latin word
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660:"NMBE World Spider Catalog, Cyclosa turbinata"
407:vibrations is found to not be as feasible in
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1069:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
962:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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809:Sterling, Dean, Nyffeler (20 October 2020).
196:belonging to the family of spiders known as
209:silk to catch the current. Five species of
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282:Experimental results have shown that when
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511:According to a study conducted in 1984,
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263:Trashline Orbweaver (Cyclosa turbinata)
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438:species prefer using goldenrod, but
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880:Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology
1057:Appalachian Student Research Forum
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1286:urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:015726
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770:Staff Writer (20 October 2020).
418:It is also known that juveniles
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842:Conrad, Jim (20 October 2020).
789:Eaton, Eric (20 October 2020).
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772:"Humped Trashline Orbweaver"
725:Staff Writer (2020-10-20).
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1314:Spiders described in 1841
874:Suter, Robert B. (1978).
504:Reports have stated that
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41:Scientific classification
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981:Environmental Entomology
699:GBIF (20 October 2020).
673:ITIS (20 October 2020).
791:"Trashline Orb Weavers"
538:In an experiment where
998:Journal of Arachnology
942:10.1636/JoA-S-16-014.1
930:Journal of Arachnology
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731:Insect Identification
727:"Trashline Orbweaver"
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1096:at Wikimedia Commons
1047:Metazygia wittfeldae
1043:Frontinella communis
642:Species Information"
297:It is believed that
278:Protective Behaviors
451:Prey discrimination
204:Geographic Location
892:10.1007/bf00296314
844:"Trashline Spider"
360:Quercus virginiana
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1268:Open Tree of Life
1114:Cyclosa turbinata
1106:Taxon identifiers
1094:Cyclosa turbinata
1092:Media related to
1051:Cyclosa turbinata
926:Cyclosa turbinata
751:Cyclosa turbinata
703:Cyclosa turbinata
677:Cyclosa turbinata
640:Cyclosa turbinata
618:Cyclosa turbinata
602:Catalogue of Life
596:Cyclosa turbinata
574:Cyclosa turbinata
532:Cyclosa turbinata
506:Cyclosa turbinata
485:Cyclosa turbinata
465:Cyclosa turbinata
461:Cyclosa turbinata
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432:Cyclosa turbinata
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420:Cyclosa turbinata
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404:Cyclosa turbinata
392:Cyclosa turbinata
388:Cyclosa turbinata
364:Ulmus crassifolia
351:Cyclosa turbinata
345:Cyclosa turbinata
284:Cyclosa turbinata
268:Mangora gibberosa
250:Cyclosa turbinata
240:Cyclosa turbinata
189:Cyclosa turbinata
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152:C. turbinata
25:Cyclosa turbinata
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114:Infraorder:
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1242:NatureServe
1203:iNaturalist
776:iNaturalist
455:The web of
235:Description
88:Chelicerata
84:Subphylum:
1303:Categories
558:References
288:thanatosis
227:, meaning
194:orb weaver
178:Walckenaer
78:Arthropoda
1309:Araneidae
900:0340-5443
757:Bug Guide
749:"Species
523:foliage.
411:spiders,
320:Predators
219:Etymology
198:Araneidae
146:Species:
128:Araneidae
98:Arachnida
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
1247:2.914770
1221:11036521
1151:BugGuide
1123:Wikidata
950:89080239
908:22486604
823:cite web
527:Behavior
480:Foraging
124:Family:
74:Phylum:
68:Animalia
54:Domain:
1195:2158261
1182:1195022
1129:Q608783
576:Report"
436:Cyclosa
424:Cyclosa
375:Cyclosa
340:Habitat
212:Cyclosa
180:, 1841)
139:Cyclosa
134:Genus:
108:Araneae
104:Order:
94:Class:
1273:908499
1260:345705
1234:854484
1208:133963
1049:, and
948:
906:
898:
362:, and
1216:IRMNG
1169:32WX2
1156:39033
1143:81080
946:S2CID
904:S2CID
309:Bites
225:turbo
1255:NCBI
1229:ITIS
1190:GBIF
1138:BOLD
1071:link
964:link
896:ISSN
829:link
709:GBIF
683:ITIS
624:GBIF
446:Prey
1281:WSC
1177:EoL
1164:CoL
938:doi
888:doi
382:Web
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