77:
51:
381:
should be treated with caution, because 78.9% of individuals (397/503) used in the concatenated analyses had less than half of the gene sequences available for the 19 genes used. Missing data can be problematic in phylogenetic analyses (e.g.) and lead to erroneous conclusions about systematic
1277:
Dunn, K.A., McEachran, J.D., & Honeycutt, R.L. 2003. Molecular phylogenetics of myliobatiform fishes (Chondrichthyes: Myliobatiformes), with comments on the effects of missing data on parsimony and likelihood. Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution 27(2): 259-270. DOI:
1315:
Song, H., Sheffield, N.C., Cameron, S.L., Miller, K.B., & Whiting, M.F. 2010. When phylogenetic assumptions are violated: base compositional heterogeneity and among‐site rate variation in beetle mitochondrial phylogenomics. Systematic
Entomology 35:3, 429-448. DOI:
1305:
Jermiin, L.S., Ho, S.Y., Ababneh, F., Robinson, J., & Larkum, A.W. 2004. The biasing effect of compositional heterogeneity on phylogenetic estimates may be underestimated. Systematic biology 53(4): 638-643. DOI:
1325:
McDonald, K.R., Rowley, J.J., Richards, S.J., & Frankham, G.J. (2016). A new species of treefrog (Litoria) from Cape York
Peninsula, Australia. Zootaxa 4171(1): 153-169. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.1.6
382:
relationships. Additionally, there is no mention of checking for base-composition bias amongst taxa (non-stationarity), which can also lead to incorrect tree phylogenies (e.g.). The species now in
1268:
Simmons, M.P. 2012. Misleading results of likelihood‐based phylogenetic analyses in the presence of missing data. Cladistics 28(2): 208-222. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00375.x)
1234:
Duellman, William E.; Marion, Angela B. & Hedges, S. Blair (19 April 2016). "Phylogenetics, classification, and biogeography of the treefrogs (Amphibia: Anura: Arboranae)".
1296:
Xi, Z., Liu, L., & Davis, C.C. 2016. The impact of missing data on species tree estimation. Molecular
Biology and Evolution 33(3): 838-860. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msv266
1287:
Kearney, M. 2002. Fragmentary taxa, missing data, and ambiguity: mistaken assumptions and conclusions. Systematic biology 51(2): 369-381. DOI:10.1080/10635150252899824
1538:
1464:
1438:
1477:
1482:
76:
1199:
346:
1533:
1528:
262:
924:
534:
514:
166:
724:
1406:
1094:
774:
634:
1104:
994:
954:
704:
464:
342:
394:. These changes are not yet widely recognized or accepted, and the AmphibiaWeb continues to recognize
974:
964:
944:
584:
554:
454:
1163:
1144:
1034:
1004:
934:
744:
1366:"Getting in shape: adaptation and phylogenetic inertia in morphology of Australian anuran larvae"
1124:
1084:
1074:
1044:
624:
614:
504:
432:
that develop in mountain streams and have enlarged ventral mouths. However, tadpoles of subgenus
195:
71:
1490:
1469:
1387:
1251:
1134:
1064:
1024:
984:
904:
844:
804:
794:
694:
654:
574:
564:
544:
474:
234:
214:
1505:
1495:
1377:
1243:
1114:
1054:
764:
734:
714:
684:
604:
594:
294:
914:
884:
814:
754:
674:
644:
1157:
894:
864:
854:
834:
824:
784:
524:
494:
338:
183:
59:
1522:
1382:
1365:
1014:
874:
664:
484:
330:
148:
50:
358:
282:
175:
64:
1429:
1338:
1451:
377:
into several genera. The systematic and taxonomic conclusions based on
Duellman
1171:
will also be included in the genus once its range has been properly delimited.
1247:
334:
436:
are adapted to standing water and are often found in temporary water bodies.
425:
400:
118:
88:
1391:
1255:
879:(Oliver, Rittmeyer, Torkkola, Dahl, Donnellan & Richards, 2021 "2020")
30:
This article is about a genus of frogs. For the superfamily of frogs, see
1423:
409:
108:
31:
17:
1443:
959:(Anstis, Price, Roberts, Catalano, Hines, Doughty, and Donnellan, 2016)
429:
363:
138:
1456:
98:
1400:
421:
1208:
Amphibian
Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.1
369:
128:
1404:
357:
Species in this genus were until recently placed in the then-
398:
in the older, broad sense. The
AmphibiaWeb also recognizes
404:, a position that, without additional amendments, renders
390:. However, the oldest available name for these species is
373:
before. However, in 2016 Duellman and colleagues split
1229:
1227:
1225:
779:(Hoskin, Hines, Meyer, Clarke, and Cunningham, 2013)
1413:
444:The following species are recognised in the genus
529:(McDonald, Rowley, Richards, and Frankham, 2016)
1333:
1331:
659:(Mahony, Knowles, Foster, and Donnellan, 2001)
367:; many of them had been placed in even larger
8:
428:membrane is unpigmented. Many species have
1401:
1345:. University of California, Berkeley. 2018
49:
38:
1381:
1039:(Oliver, Stuart-Fox, and Richards, 2008)
337:, and two nearby groups of islands: the
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1179:
1539:Taxa named by Johann Jakob von Tschudi
349:of this taxon is still controversial.
408:paraphyletic; it may be treated as a
329:is a genus of frogs in the subfamily
7:
1210:. American Museum of Natural History
424:is horizontally elliptical, and the
1149:(Davies, McDonald, and Adams, 1986)
25:
1119:(Tyler, Davies, and Martin, 1981)
1089:(Tyler, Davies, and Martin, 1977)
1383:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01750.x
1316:10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00517.x
869:(Van Beurden and McDonald, 1980)
709:(Tyler, Davies, and Aplin, 1986)
75:
1370:Journal of Evolutionary Biology
333:. They are found in Australia,
1:
1278:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00442-6
1155:Although currently listed as
1019:(Günther and Richards, 2005)
769:(Donnellan and Mahony, 2004)
679:(Günther and Richards, 2000)
313:(Wells and Wellington, 1985)
305:(Wells and Wellington, 1985)
819:(Davies and McDonald, 1979)
719:(Oliver and Richards, 2007)
1555:
799:(Duméril and Bibron, 1841)
29:
1306:10.1080/10635150490468648
1248:10.11646/zootaxa.4104.1.1
1198:Frost, Darrel R. (2022).
789:(Menzies and Tyler, 2004)
689:(Kraus and Allison, 2009)
489:(Menzies and Tyler, 2004)
386:were placed in the genus
201:
194:
181:
174:
72:Scientific classification
70:
57:
48:
41:
1364:Van Buskirk, J. (2009).
1129:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
1099:(Tyler and Anstis, 1983)
989:(Tyler and Davies, 1985)
925:Ranoidea novaehollandiae
859:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
849:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
809:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
759:(Peters and Doria, 1878)
619:(Tyler and Martin, 1977)
589:(Tyler and Davies, 1979)
535:Ranoidea booroolongensis
515:Ranoidea barringtonensis
1161:, it is expected that "
416:Description and ecology
1095:Ranoidea subglandulosa
775:Ranoidea kroombitensis
635:Ranoidea cyclorhynchus
184:Ranoidea jacksoniensis
1105:Ranoidea thesaurensis
995:Ranoidea platycephala
955:Ranoidea occidentalis
725:Ranoidea genimaculata
705:Ranoidea exophthalmia
465:Ranoidea andiirrmalin
343:Louisiade Archipelago
297:and Wellington, 1985)
975:Ranoidea phyllochroa
965:Ranoidea pearsoniana
945:Ranoidea nyakalensis
929:(Steindachner, 1867)
585:Ranoidea cavernicola
555:Ranoidea brongersmai
455:Ranoidea alboguttata
245:(Steindachner, 1867)
1145:Ranoidea xanthomera
1035:Ranoidea robinsonae
1005:Ranoidea raniformis
935:Ranoidea nudidigita
745:Ranoidea gracilenta
27:Genus of amphibians
1169:(Van Kampen, 1909)
1125:Ranoidea verrucosa
1085:Ranoidea splendida
1075:Ranoidea spinifera
1045:Ranoidea rueppelli
1009:(Keferstein, 1867)
625:Ranoidea cultripes
615:Ranoidea cryptotis
505:Ranoidea australis
1516:
1515:
1491:Open Tree of Life
1407:Taxon identifiers
1170:
1135:Ranoidea wilcoxii
1065:Ranoidea spenceri
1059:(Andersson, 1916)
1025:Ranoidea rheocola
985:Ranoidea piperata
909:(Andersson, 1916)
905:Ranoidea nannotis
845:Ranoidea maculosa
829:(Boulenger, 1887)
805:Ranoidea longipes
795:Ranoidea lesueuri
695:Ranoidea eucnemis
655:Ranoidea daviesae
649:(Boulenger, 1896)
639:(Boulenger, 1882)
599:(Boulenger, 1892)
575:Ranoidea callista
565:Ranoidea caerulea
559:(Loveridge, 1945)
545:Ranoidea brevipes
475:Ranoidea aruensis
322:
321:
314:
306:
298:
286:
274:
266:
254:
246:
238:
226:
225:(Fitzinger, 1843)
218:
170:
16:(Redirected from
1546:
1534:Amphibian genera
1529:Ranoidea (genus)
1509:
1508:
1499:
1498:
1486:
1485:
1473:
1472:
1460:
1459:
1447:
1446:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1385:
1376:(6): 1326–1337.
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1335:
1326:
1323:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1303:
1297:
1294:
1288:
1285:
1279:
1275:
1269:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1231:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1195:
1168:
1150:
1140:
1130:
1120:
1115:Ranoidea vagitus
1110:
1100:
1090:
1080:
1070:
1060:
1055:Ranoidea serrata
1050:
1049:(Boettger, 1895)
1040:
1030:
1020:
1010:
1000:
990:
980:
970:
960:
950:
940:
930:
920:
910:
900:
890:
880:
870:
860:
850:
840:
839:(Richards, 2001)
830:
820:
810:
800:
790:
780:
770:
765:Ranoidea jungguy
760:
750:
740:
735:Ranoidea gilleni
730:
720:
715:Ranoidea fuscula
710:
700:
699:(Lönnberg, 1900)
690:
685:Ranoidea eschata
680:
670:
660:
650:
640:
630:
620:
610:
605:Ranoidea citropa
600:
595:Ranoidea chloris
590:
580:
570:
560:
550:
540:
530:
520:
510:
500:
490:
480:
470:
469:(McDonald, 1997)
460:
312:
304:
292:
280:
272:
260:
252:
244:
232:
224:
212:
164:
80:
79:
53:
39:
21:
1554:
1553:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1512:
1504:
1502:
1494:
1489:
1481:
1476:
1468:
1463:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1437:
1428:
1427:
1422:
1409:
1399:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1329:
1324:
1320:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1263:
1233:
1232:
1223:
1213:
1211:
1197:
1196:
1181:
1177:
1153:
1148:
1139:(Günther, 1864)
1138:
1128:
1118:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1058:
1048:
1038:
1028:
1018:
1008:
999:(Günther, 1873)
998:
988:
979:(Günther, 1863)
978:
969:(Copland, 1961)
968:
958:
948:
939:(Copland, 1963)
938:
928:
918:
915:Ranoidea napaea
908:
898:
889:(Copland, 1957)
888:
885:Ranoidea moorei
878:
868:
858:
848:
838:
828:
818:
815:Ranoidea lorica
808:
798:
788:
778:
768:
758:
755:Ranoidea impura
748:
739:(Spencer, 1896)
738:
728:
718:
708:
698:
688:
678:
675:Ranoidea elkeae
669:(Günther, 1897)
668:
658:
648:
645:Ranoidea dahlii
638:
628:
618:
608:
598:
588:
578:
568:
558:
548:
538:
528:
519:(Copland, 1957)
518:
508:
498:
488:
478:
468:
459:(Günther, 1867)
458:
442:
418:
355:
347:circumscription
318:
317:
205:
190:
189:(Tschudi, 1838)
187:
163:
74:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1552:
1550:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1513:
1511:
1510:
1500:
1487:
1474:
1461:
1448:
1435:
1419:
1417:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1398:
1397:
1356:
1327:
1318:
1308:
1298:
1289:
1280:
1270:
1261:
1221:
1204:Tschudi, 1838"
1178:
1176:
1173:
1164:Ranoidea papua
1158:incertae sedis
1152:
1151:
1141:
1131:
1121:
1111:
1109:(Peters, 1877)
1101:
1091:
1081:
1071:
1069:(Dubois, 1984)
1061:
1051:
1041:
1031:
1021:
1011:
1001:
991:
981:
971:
961:
951:
941:
931:
921:
911:
901:
899:(Hoskin, 2007)
895:Ranoidea myola
891:
881:
871:
865:Ranoidea manya
861:
855:Ranoidea maini
851:
841:
835:Ranoidea macki
831:
825:Ranoidea lutea
821:
811:
801:
791:
785:Ranoidea kumae
781:
771:
761:
751:
749:(Peters, 1869)
741:
731:
721:
711:
701:
691:
681:
671:
661:
651:
641:
631:
629:(Parker, 1940)
621:
611:
601:
591:
581:
571:
561:
551:
549:(Peters, 1871)
541:
531:
525:Ranoidea bella
521:
511:
501:
499:(Lesson, 1829)
495:Ranoidea aurea
491:
481:
471:
461:
450:
441:
438:
417:
414:
354:
351:
339:Maluku Islands
320:
319:
316:
315:
307:
299:
287:
275:
267:
255:
253:(Peters, 1867)
247:
239:
237:, 1859 "1858")
227:
219:
206:
203:
202:
199:
198:
192:
191:
188:
179:
178:
172:
171:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
126:
122:
121:
116:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
68:
67:
60:Ranoidea aurea
55:
54:
46:
45:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1551:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1507:
1501:
1497:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1420:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1393:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1360:
1357:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1322:
1319:
1312:
1309:
1302:
1299:
1293:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1274:
1271:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1174:
1172:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1159:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1079:(Tyler, 1968)
1077:
1076:
1072:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1016:
1015:Ranoidea rara
1012:
1007:
1006:
1002:
997:
996:
992:
987:
986:
982:
977:
976:
972:
967:
966:
962:
957:
956:
952:
947:
946:
942:
937:
936:
932:
927:
926:
922:
919:(Tyler, 1968)
917:
916:
912:
907:
906:
902:
897:
896:
892:
887:
886:
882:
877:
876:
875:Ranoidea mira
872:
867:
866:
862:
857:
856:
852:
847:
846:
842:
837:
836:
832:
827:
826:
822:
817:
816:
812:
807:
806:
802:
797:
796:
792:
787:
786:
782:
777:
776:
772:
767:
766:
762:
757:
756:
752:
747:
746:
742:
737:
736:
732:
729:(Horst, 1883)
727:
726:
722:
717:
716:
712:
707:
706:
702:
697:
696:
692:
687:
686:
682:
677:
676:
672:
667:
666:
665:Ranoidea dayi
662:
657:
656:
652:
647:
646:
642:
637:
636:
632:
627:
626:
622:
617:
616:
612:
609:(Péron, 1807)
607:
606:
602:
597:
596:
592:
587:
586:
582:
579:(Kraus, 2013)
577:
576:
572:
569:(White, 1790)
567:
566:
562:
557:
556:
552:
547:
546:
542:
539:(Moore, 1961)
537:
536:
532:
527:
526:
522:
517:
516:
512:
507:
506:
502:
497:
496:
492:
487:
486:
485:Ranoidea auae
482:
479:(Horst, 1883)
477:
476:
472:
467:
466:
462:
457:
456:
452:
451:
449:
447:
439:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
415:
413:
411:
407:
403:
402:
397:
393:
389:
385:
380:
376:
372:
371:
366:
365:
360:
352:
350:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:Pelodryadinae
328:
327:
311:
308:
303:
300:
296:
291:
288:
284:
279:
276:
271:
268:
264:
259:
256:
251:
248:
243:
240:
236:
231:
228:
223:
220:
216:
211:
208:
207:
200:
197:
193:
186:
185:
180:
177:
173:
168:
162:
161:
157:
154:
153:
150:
149:Pelodryadinae
147:
144:
143:
140:
137:
134:
133:
130:
127:
124:
123:
120:
117:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
103:
100:
97:
94:
93:
90:
87:
84:
83:
78:
73:
69:
66:
62:
61:
56:
52:
47:
44:
40:
37:
33:
19:
1414:
1373:
1369:
1359:
1347:. Retrieved
1342:
1321:
1311:
1301:
1292:
1283:
1273:
1264:
1242:(1): 1–109.
1239:
1235:
1212:. Retrieved
1207:
1201:
1162:
1156:
1154:
1143:
1133:
1123:
1113:
1103:
1093:
1083:
1073:
1063:
1053:
1043:
1033:
1029:(Liem, 1974)
1023:
1013:
1003:
993:
983:
973:
963:
953:
949:(Liem, 1974)
943:
933:
923:
913:
903:
893:
883:
873:
863:
853:
843:
833:
823:
813:
803:
793:
783:
773:
763:
753:
743:
733:
723:
713:
703:
693:
683:
673:
663:
653:
643:
633:
623:
613:
603:
593:
583:
573:
563:
553:
543:
533:
523:
513:
509:(Gray, 1842)
503:
493:
483:
473:
463:
453:
445:
443:
433:
419:
405:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
378:
374:
368:
362:
359:paraphyletic
356:
325:
324:
323:
309:
302:Neophractops
301:
289:
277:
273:(Cope, 1889)
269:
257:
249:
241:
229:
221:
209:
182:
176:Type species
159:
158:
65:type species
58:
42:
36:
1452:iNaturalist
1343:AmphibiaWeb
1214:11 November
388:Dryopsophus
210:Dryopsophus
145:Subfamily:
1523:Categories
1175:References
341:, and the
335:New Guinea
290:Brendanura
270:Mitrolysis
263:Keferstein
258:Chirodryas
1430:Q24813105
1339:"Hylidae"
434:Cyclorana
426:palpebral
401:Cyclorana
278:Fanchonia
250:Phractops
242:Cyclorana
230:Pelodryas
215:Fitzinger
95:Kingdom:
89:Eukaryota
18:Cyclorana
1424:Wikidata
1415:Ranoidea
1392:19457143
1256:27394762
1202:Ranoidea
446:Ranoidea
430:tadpoles
410:subgenus
406:Ranoidea
392:Ranoidea
384:Ranoidea
353:Taxonomy
326:Ranoidea
310:Mosleyia
222:Euscelis
196:Synonyms
160:Ranoidea
135:Family:
119:Amphibia
109:Chordata
105:Phylum:
99:Animalia
85:Domain:
43:Ranoidea
32:Ranoidea
1506:4150144
1496:7666856
1483:1094740
1470:1429557
1444:4816749
1349:18 June
1236:Zootaxa
440:Species
396:Litoria
375:Litoria
364:Litoria
285:, 1893)
265:, 1867)
235:Günther
217:, 1843)
169:, 1838)
167:Tschudi
155:Genus:
139:Hylidae
125:Order:
115:Class:
1503:uBio:
1457:517030
1390:
1254:
379:et al.
361:genus
345:. The
283:Werner
63:, the
1465:IRMNG
422:pupil
295:Wells
129:Anura
1478:ITIS
1439:GBIF
1388:PMID
1351:2018
1252:PMID
1240:4104
1216:2022
420:The
370:Hyla
204:List
1378:doi
1244:doi
1525::
1493::
1480::
1467::
1454::
1441::
1426::
1386:.
1374:22
1372:.
1368:.
1341:.
1330:^
1250:.
1238:.
1224:^
1206:.
1182:^
1167:"
448::
412:.
1394:.
1380::
1353:.
1258:.
1246::
1218:.
1200:"
293:(
281:(
261:(
233:(
213:(
165:(
34:.
20:)
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