Knowledge (XXG)

Cyprus Emergency

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997: 888:, Harding tried to co-ordinate the activities of the civil, military and police authorities, with the specific aim of collecting and processing intelligence. The British encountered great difficulty obtaining effective intelligence on EOKA, as it was supported by the majority of the Greek Cypriot population. As a result, the British were forced to rely on some 4,000 Turkish-Cypriot policemen, who were ostracised by the Greek-Cypriot communities and could provide little information about them. Inevitably, the use of Turkish Cypriot policemen against the Greek Cypriot community exacerbated relations between the two communities. In 1955 however, EOKA had sent letters to the Turkish-Cypriot community in Nicosia stating that their conflict was against the British and not them. 3383: 216: 246: 235: 153: 916: 348: 44: 139: 257: 174: 1029:
effective as they had been. Altogether fifteen were killed in combat and another sixty were captured, with the likelihood they would be hanged. Grivas ordered his area commanders to cease active operations. By April, the majority of EOKA's leaders had been killed or captured and their gangs were soon broken up. With the insurgency seemingly defeated, Grivas announced a ceasefire on 17 March.
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In September 1958 Archbishop Makarios, the Greek Cypriot leader, told Barbara Castle, the then Chair of the British Labour Party, that, after three and a half years of violence from EOKA (Εθνική Οργάνωσις Κυπρίων Αγωνιστών/National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters) to achieve the union of Cyprus with
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As the successes of the security forces increased, the tempo of EOKA's operation in turn decreased. By the end of 1958, EOKA had been dealt a body blow by the continued exertion of pressure by the British. What's more, Darling and Kendrew now had the confidence that they would be able to sustain this
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In October, with the security situation deteriorating, Harding opened talks on the island's future. By this stage, Makarios had become closely identified with the insurgency, and talks broke up without any agreement in early 1956. Makarios was viewed with suspicion by the British authorities, and was
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Despite having agreed to independence, Turkey soon regarded Cyprus with grave suspicion, feeling that they had been betrayed by the British. For the new constitution to work in practice, some degree of co-operation between the two communities would be essential, with many viewing as unworkable. This
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The British government agreed in January 2019 to pay £1 million to a total of 33 Cypriots who had been allegedly tortured by British forces during the uprising. They included a woman, aged 16 at the time, who said that she had been detained and repeatedly raped by soldiers, and a man who had lost a
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During the last months of 1958, all parties had reasons to favour a compromise. The Greek Cypriot side was afraid that partition was becoming more and more imminent, Greece was anxious that the ongoing situation could lead to a war with Turkey, Turkey had to manage the ongoing crises at its eastern
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gave EOKA some respite in the autumn of 1956 and some reorganization was achieved in particular the town groups. As a result, British forces did not follow up on the success of the summer operations, much to the frustration of Harding. EOKA stepped up its campaign in what became as 'Black November'
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It was not until 9 March, three weeks after the London Conference that Grivas finally announced that he was 'obliged to order a ceasefire'. In the EOKA leaflet announcing it, he described the settlement simply as 'preferable to the national division' that would follow a rejection on his part. In a
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On 9 March 1959, Grivas declared a ceasefire, though still opposing the agreements. After agreeing to meet with Makarios, Grivas agreed to leave under safe conduct by the British and without ceremony. There was to be an immediate cease-fire, and an amnesty for political crimes committed during the
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in an attempt to pinpoint his whereabouts. After a few months his likely position was found through a combination of intercepts on telephone lines and surveillance of key EOKA personnel. However just when he was about to be arrested diplomatic events had turned significantly that a deal was on the
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Intercommunal and intracommunal violence escalated in the summer of 1958 with numerous fatalities. There were approximately 55 assassinations by Turks on Greeks, and 59 assassinations by Greeks on Turks between 7 June and 7 August. A substantial number of Turkish Cypriots were displaced due to the
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The ceasefire lasted a whole year; during this time EOKA began to rearm and reorganize and stepped up its activities in different ways. A second phase of the emergency now began as EOKA began to target urban areas where they organized rioting by students. They also used hit squads to target police
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Remember that the British fought in Cyprus, and seemingly had everything in their favor. It is an island half the size of New Jersey. The Royal Navy, which can be trusted to do its job, sealed off the island from the outside. There were 40,000 British troops on Cyprus under Field Marshal Sir John
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At least 14 Cypriots (including a minor) arrested on suspicion of being EOKA members, were tortured then killed by UK forces during detention. Witnesses – both surviving detainees and UK veterans – recall various kinds of torture and inhumane treatment of detainees.
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Following the London and Zürich Agreements, Cyprus became an independent republic and as far as liberation being concerned, the EOKA campaign was successful however enosis and taksim were ruled out by the treaties signed. Grivas was displeased with the agreements and made his opinions about them
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British troops were redeployed and the town groups were being hunted. By the Spring of 1957, the British operations took their toll on EOKA; the security forces arrested around thirty members of the Nicosia town groups and the area commander. In addition, the mountain groups would never be as
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The end of the Suez crisis, although it had resulted in the departure of many of the military from the island, had not reduced the number of active internal security operations as much as EOKA had expected, with the British able to hold their own and reassert control. After Suez campaign had
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Darling's first success was the destruction of a major EOKA arms smuggling ring centred on the post office at Paphos. Following this Darling sought to destroy the surviving EOKA groups; one such area was the Western and central region in the Kyrenia Mountains and so Operation
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Some of the other operations were considered a success; some fifty guerrillas and a good haul of weapons were captured. Grivas managed to escape and was forced into hiding, leaving behind his diary which yielded important intelligence information. The leading EOKA assassin,
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In October 1931, Greek Cypriots rebelled against British rule and destroyed government property, however the demonstrations were suppressed and Britain took dictatorial measures against the Cypriot people; these became known as the "Palmerocracy", owing to the name of the
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for the British with a total of 416 attacks killing 39, including 21 British units. Facing growing criticism in the United Kingdom about his methods employed and their ineffectiveness, Sir John Harding resigned as Governor on 22 October 1957 and was replaced by Sir
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EOKA focused its activity to urban areas totalling 104 house bombings, 53 riots, 136 acts of Sabotage, 403 ambushes, 35 attacks on police, 38 attacks on soldiers and 43 raids on police stations. EOKA's aim was to keep the British army away from the
912:. News of his arrest triggered a week-long general strike followed by a sharp increase in EOKA activity: 246 attacks through 31 March, including a failed assassination attempt against Harding when a bomb placed under his bed failed to detonate. 1813:
The referendum of 1950, which followed the failure of the Consultative Assembly (Διασκεπτική, Diaskeptiki), marked the beginning of a new dynamic stage of the efforts of the Greeks of Cyprus to unite with Greece, which culminated with the EOKA
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which took place in the Paphos area on 18 November, led to the seizure of firearms and bombs, but importantly more arrests; including several village group commanders. This paid dividends which led to further leads and enabled Operations
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Harding, and his opponent, Colonel Grivas, had 300 Greeks in the EOKA . The ratio between regular troops and guerrillas was 110-to-1 in favor of the British! After five years the British preferred to come to terms with the rebels.
1173:. Makarios accepted the agreements abandoning enosis, but the Turkish-Cypriot leadership was enthusiastic about the compromise. This was a compromise solution in which Cyprus would become an independent and sovereign country. 2145:
In the first half of 1956, the British also conducted major operations against EOKA, which produced little effect. Grivas narrowly escaped from British forces during the operation Pepper Pot and Lucky Alphonso in the Troodos
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From 2 to 21 July, 16 Independent parachute brigade cordoned thirty villages in the Troodos; assisted by tracker dogs and informers, they arrested three members of three village groups in an operation called "Spread Eagle".
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stated that "the settlement does not constitute any admission of liability" although "the government has settled the case in order to draw a line under this litigation and to avoid the further escalation of costs".
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The term "Cyprus Emergency" more precisely refers to events occurring between 26 November 1955, when Governor John Harding declared an official state of emergency, and Grivas' departure in March 1959.
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of four who were all subsequently killed in the ensuing fire fight. Grivas on reaction to this renounced the ceasefire soon after. The outgoing General Officer Commanding and Director of Operations
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began on 3 November. The operation, which lasted a month, was a success, and saw the discovery of an arms cache, the arrest of ninety EOKA members, as well as the death of the Kyernia area leader
853: 1237:, commander of the British Joint Force (later known as the Truce Force and a predecessor of the present UN force). It was fully established on 4 March 1964, then extended on 9 August after the 942:. However, an informant within the Special Branch alerted Grivas of the operation, and as such EOKA was better prepared for the British forces which led to the operation having little effect. 896:
mountains where its main fighters were hiding. Some of the attacks went awry, most notably the bombing of a restaurant by EOKA on 16 June, which led to the death of William P. Boteler, a
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By mid-1956, there were 17,000 British servicemen in Cyprus and Harding was concerned to counter EOKA's mountain units in the Troodos. Nevertheless a number of operations were launched:
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on 19 November. Even Grivas acknowledged defeat, noting that this was the only success the British had at the time. Nevertheless, there were more successful operations that followed.
1418: 404: 5596: 949:" in an effort to cripple EOKA and capture George Grivas as a means to bring power to the negotiating table. More than 5,000 British soldiers took part, including units from the 5027: 547: 1582: 5075: 5007: 6730: 6257: 2288: 831:
on the subject of union with Greece, with a 89% turnout rate and 95.7% of those in favour of union with Greece; the British government, however, refused to negotiate.
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view proved correct, and after years of unrest, violence, and disagreement, a buffer zone was established in the last days of 1963 directed by Major-General
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officers and military personnel. These attacks continued throughout 1957 and into 1958. Grivas was also concerned with increasing communist activity against
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From 22 to 25 July 1956, the British captured seventeen guerrillas and wounded several others trying to breach the cordons during operation "Golden Eagle".
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horizon. Darling was concerned that his arrest or assassination would cause the collapse of the ongoing talks. MacMillan was informed and he ordered
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On 5 December, the foreign ministers of Greece and Turkey acknowledged the situation and a series of meetings were arranged that resulted in the
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Chatzicharalampous, Maria; Stolte, Carolien (2024). "Technologies of Emergency: Cyprus at the Intersection of Decolonisation and the Cold War".
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kidney as a result of his interrogation. The payout followed the declassification of government documents in 2012, but Foreign Minister
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EOKA attacks however continued on the British, who at the same time attempted to stymie them. On 1 September 1958 in the village of
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Greece politically supported Greek Cypriots at the United Nations, but there was no active involvement from Greece on the island.
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In November of 1957, EOKA engaged in one of its most significant operations against the British, when an EOKA member employed at
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public. Britain was allowed to retain control of some 254km2 (98 square miles) which consisted of two Sovereign Base Areas at
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letter to EOKA members he elaborated on the need to avoid 'civil discord' which would 'raze everything to the ground'
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Between 21 April and 7 May 1956, the British armed forces mounted an operation codenamed "Kennett", conducted in the
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by 1,500 troops who cordoned and searched a dozen villages in a 50 square mile area and arrested eighteen suspects.
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finished, the British military strength was increased to 20,000 and Foote managed to direct a new offensive.
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Greece (enosis), he now supported a brief period of self-government, followed by the independence of Cyprus.
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to the island. Many civilisations passed through the island leaving remnants behind, including that of the
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From 17 May to 7 June, Britain launched operation "Pepper Pot", an operation that was carried out by the
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cover. Grivas immediately issued a statement denying a deliberate attempt to target American citizens.
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Kraemer, Joseph S (Winter 1971). "Revolutionary Guerrilla Warfare & the Decolonization Movement".
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borders, and the British could see that the defeat of EOKA was unlikely and also did not want to see
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The Clandestine Cold War in Asia, 1945–65: Western Intelligence, Propaganda and Special Operations
1750:"Κύπρος: Δημοψήφισμα υπέρ της Ένωσης – ΔΕΚΑΕΤΙΑ 1950 – 100 Χρόνια Κ" 1712:
Intellectuals and Nationalism in Cyprus: A Study of the Role of Intellectuals in the 1931 Uprising
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Markides, Diana (2010). "The Politics of Honour and the Greek Divide at Cypriot Independence".
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Many other cultures followed since then, including Phoenicians, Assyrians, Franks, Venetians
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British Imperialism and Turkish Nationalism in Cyprus, 1923–1939 Divide, Define and Rule
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in order to flare up tensions between the two communities and to achieve their goal of '
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Around the same time the British were still looking for the well hidden George Grivas.
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EOKA leader George Grivas announcement for the campaign against British rule (in Greek)
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British Government Policy and Decolonisation, 1945-63: Scrutinising the Official Mind
981: 966: 950: 787: 661: 1906:] (in Greek). Nicosia: Ίδρυμα Απελευθερωτικού Αγώνα ΕΟΚΑ 1955–1959. p. 58. 6831: 6612: 6562: 6492: 6482: 6336: 6324: 6311: 6117: 5944: 5445: 4693: 4543: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4098: 3730: 2040:"The exile of Archbishop Makarios to the Seychelles | International Magazine Kreol" 1241:, and extended again in 1974, after the ceasefire of 16 August 1974, following the 1033: 817: 783: 743: 3046:
The Making of Informal States: Statebuilding in Northern Cyprus and Transdniestria
2632: 2126:, 22 April 1956; TNA CO 926/417. Harding to Colonial Office, 22 and 26 April 1956. 1210:
including some other facilities on the island which do not form part of the SBAs.
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survived an assassination attempt soon after. Kendrew's replacement Major General
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The Evolution of British Counter-Insurgency during the Cyprus Revolt, 1955–1959
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Fighting EOKA: The British Counter-Insurgency Campaign on Cyprus, 1955–1959
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Georgis, Giorgios; Kyriakides, Christos; Charalambous, Charalampos (2022).
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aborted giving instructions to MI6 for Grivas 'to stew in his own juice'.
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371 dead (according to Roll of Honour's database) and 21 British Policemen
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Faustmann, Hubert (2002). "Independence Postponed: Cyprus 1959–1960".
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that were destroyed by the subsequent fire that consumed the hanger (
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became increasingly dissatisfied with British rule and supportive of
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Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union
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The Central Queensland Herald (Rockhampton, Qld. : 1930–1956)
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Divided Cities: Belfast, Beirut, Jerusalem, Mostar, and Nicosia
696:. The Cyprus Emergency ended in 1959 with the signature of the 668:
organisation, began an armed campaign in support of the end of
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American espionage in the Soviet Union and Russian Federation
1444:"The Theory and Practice of Insurgency and Counterinsurgency" 838:
military headquarters (the office of the Commander-in-Chief,
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The EOKA Cause Nationalism and the Failure of Cypriot Enosis
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Times, Homer Bigart Special To the New York (17 June 1956).
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smuggled and placed bombs in the engine compartments of two
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took the initiative by organizing a number of operations.
876:. After a series of other incidents, the Governor General 796:, the concept of political unification between Cyprus and 720:
roots back to the 12th century BC with the immigration of
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Bulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan
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From 7 June to 23 June 1956, Britain launched operation "
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In 1954, Britain announced its intention to transfer its
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On all fronts: EOKA and the Cyprus insurgency, 1955-1959
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The history of the liberation struggle of EOKA 1955–1959
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against the British, and it was initially governed by a
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Kambas, Michele; Gumrukcu, Tuvan (22 February 2017).
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How Frankish was the Frankish ruling class in Cyprus?
1638:. University at Albany, State University of New York. 984:, had also been captured. Grivas eventually moved to 1776:"Cyprus reunification stalled in row over 1950 vote" 1147:
in the event of a failure of the political process.
6799: 6721: 6425: 6397: 6346: 6278: 6271: 6205: 6070: 5995: 5925: 5918: 5827: 5774: 5706: 5419: 5063: 4686: 4438: 4148: 3950: 3799: 3688: 3662: 3496: 3449: 3390: 3340: 2754:"65 χρόνια από τον Απελευθερωτικό Αγώνα της Κύπρου" 1249:, and is commonly referred to as the 'Green Line'. 1214:
Further intercommunal violence and Turkish invasion
3204:The Cyprus Emergency: The Divided Island 1955-1974 2880: 2015:"The Archbishop Makarios Foundation of Seychelles" 1653:. Nicosia: Cyprus Research Centre. pp. 61–78. 816:. These measures were in place until the start of 6731:List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States 1665:"Cyprus: 1100 years of history and civilisation" 68:1 April 1955 – 19 March 1959 5168:North Yemen-South Yemen Border conflict of 1972 4575:On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences 3489:(1918–23 with France, Italy and United Kingdom) 2392:"Incident English Electric Canberra B.2 WF886," 23: 2588: 2487: 1166:destabilizing because of a Greek-Turkish war. 4064: 3318: 742:from the late 16th century until it became a 541: 398: 8: 6807:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War 4358:Incapacitation of the Allied Control Council 2650: 2576: 2258: 1583:"Historical background – MFA" 1394:Global Boundaries: World Boundaries Volume 1 1002:Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own) 5668:1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre 3027:Britain and the Revolt in Cyprus, 1954–1959 1347:) among Greeks and Greek Cypriots, and the 1329:Απελευθερωτικός Αγώνας της Κύπρου 1955–1959 988:where he established his new headquarters. 6771:United States involvement in regime change 6275: 5922: 4326:1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine 4071: 4057: 4049: 3882:Provisional Government of National Defence 3325: 3311: 3303: 2949:Calame, Jon; Charlesworth, Esther (2011). 2689:"Cyprus: Collapse of the Zurich Agreement" 2517:– via National Library of Australia. 548: 534: 526: 405: 391: 383: 42: 20: 3257: 2631: 2463: 2427: 2367:"Σαμποτάζ στην καρδιά της αποικιοκρατίας" 2327: 2275: 2060: 1885: 658:National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters 2970:A History of Counterinsurgency 2 Volumes 2780:"Στο φως ντοκουμέντα του αγώνα της ΕΟΚΑ" 1337:Ελληνοκυπριακός Πόλεμος της Ανεξαρτησίας 786:of Cyprus. From the 1910s to the 1950s, 4897:Transition to the New Order (Indonesia) 2804: 2674: 2475: 2451: 2415: 2312: 1975: 1847:"State Of Emergency Declared In Cyprus" 1490: 1391:Schofield, Clive H. (31 January 2002). 1368: 1307: 782:until 1925, when it was proclaimed the 6741:Russian espionage in the United States 5013:Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia 3877:Autonomous Republic of Northern Epirus 3273:(D.Phil Thesis). University of Oxford. 2740: 2662: 2564: 2552: 2439: 2246: 2157: 1929: 1636:Scholars Archive, University at Albany 1514: 1502: 1434: 1432: 1378: 614:Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre 6736:Soviet espionage in the United States 4892:Indonesian mass killings of 1965–1966 4671:Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution 4336:1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight 2968:Fremont-Barnes, Gregory, ed. (2015). 1355:) among Turkish and Turkish Cypriots. 1078:) was formed with the support of the 375:102–112 killed (including 9 executed) 16:1955–1959 military conflict in Cyprus 7: 6812:Soviet Union–United States relations 5163:1972 visit by Richard Nixon to China 2953:. University of Pennsylvania Press. 2603: 1325:Cyprus Liberation Struggle 1955–1959 1247:United Nations Buffer Zone in Cyprus 6776:Soviet involvement in regime change 3973:Convention of Constantinople (1881) 3487:Constantinople, Zone of the Straits 2991:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2858:"Cyprus (Hansard, 16 January 1995)" 1873: 1609:"Cyprus and Mycenaean civilization" 1419:"Cyprus Emergency Deaths 1955–1960" 884:on 26 November 1955. Following the 653:between April 1955 and March 1959. 6817:Soviet Union–United States summits 4291:1947 Polish parliamentary election 4176:Guerrilla war in the Baltic states 3807:Party of Radicals (Ionian Islands) 3184:A Concise History of Modern Cyprus 3102:The Rhetoric of the Cyprus Problem 2616:Varnavas, Andrekos (6 July 2023). 1345:Κυπριακός Πόλεμος της Ανεξαρτησίας 1253:Torture and extrajudicial killings 14: 5578:Lord's Resistance Army insurgency 5513:United States invasion of Grenada 4783:Guinea-Bissau War of Independence 4724:Expulsion of Soviets from Albania 3119:Newsinger, John (30 April 2016). 1333:Greek Cypriot War of Independence 919:EOKA home-made mortar, circa 1955 5653:United States invasion of Panama 5503:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War 5143:1971 Turkish military memorandum 5106:Communist insurgency in Thailand 5076:Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 5008:Communist insurgency in Malaysia 4835:Assassination of John F. Kennedy 4763:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation 4281:Restatement of Policy on Germany 3776:Northern Epirus Liberation Front 3381: 3284: 940:16 Independent parachute brigade 872:started its insurgency with the 674:unification of Cyprus and Greece 346: 329: 310: 299: 280: 267: 255: 244: 233: 214: 199: 172: 151: 137: 6373:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 5754:Dissolution of the Soviet Union 5683:Fall of the inner German border 5583:1988 Black Sea bumping incident 5233:Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 5223:Spanish transition to democracy 5183:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency 4810:Communist insurgency in Sarawak 4316:Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948 4197:Occupation of the Baltic states 3978:Treaty of Constantinople (1897) 3202:van der Bijl, Nicholas (2014). 2345:NeaKypros: Τελευταία Νέα Κύπρος 2099:"Cyprus | National Army Museum" 1630:Jennings, Robert (6 May 2010). 1072:Turkish Resistance Organisation 1000:Soldiers of 1st Battalion, The 770:after the Ottomans had entered 762:. In 1915, Cyprus was formally 690:Turkish Resistance Organisation 164:Turkish Resistance Organisation 5153:Four Power Agreement on Berlin 4788:Mozambican War of Independence 4227:Indonesian National Revolution 3983:Greek-Serbian Alliance of 1913 3963:Greek-Serbian Alliance of 1867 2881:Calame & Charlesworth 2011 2170:Snelling, Steve (March 2011). 1714:(1999). Master's Theses. 3885. 1058:Cypriot intercommunal violence 1008:in the Troodos mountains, 1957 1: 6751:CIA and the Cultural Cold War 5766:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia 5719:Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident 5441:1984 Summer Olympics boycotts 5406:Seven Days to the River Rhine 5138:Corrective Revolution (Egypt) 4425:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état 4353:1948 Czechoslovak coup d'état 3912:Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922) 3238:Contemporary European History 3144:. Greenhaven Publishing LLC. 2893:Townsend, Mark (7 May 2022). 2832:Manuel, Rojoef (2023-04-14). 2633:10.1080/13507486.2023.2289168 2509:. 9 September 1958. p. 2 2501:"EOKA Calls Off Cyprus Truce" 2172:"Cyprus Emergency Remembered" 1094:Final operations against EOKA 609:Battle of Pentemili beachhead 352: 5744:Fall of communism in Albania 5714:Mongolian Revolution of 1990 5663:Polish Round Table Agreement 5003:1968 Polish political crisis 4820:Eritrean War of Independence 4586:Hungarian Revolution of 1956 4481:East German uprising of 1953 4413:Chinese Communist Revolution 3897:Occupation of Constantinople 3766:Georgios Christakis-Zografos 3140:Netzley, Patricia D (2009). 1527:Lim, Preston Jordan (2018). 688:led to the formation of the 5618:Korean Air Lines Flight 007 5346:Korean Air Lines Flight 902 5091:Corrective Movement (Syria) 5055:New People's Army rebellion 5050:Sino-Soviet border conflict 4778:Angolan War of Independence 4641:Second Taiwan Strait Crisis 4521:1954 Guatemalan coup d'état 4166:Jamaican political conflict 4016:Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine 4010:Venizelos–Tittoni agreement 3887:National Defence Army Corps 3477:(1914–17, 1919–21, 1940–41) 3029:. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 2819:University of Nicosia Press 1562:eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu 1341:Cypriot War of Independence 1245:. This became known as the 6942: 5814:Sino-Indian border dispute 5643:First Nagorno-Karabakh War 5573:1987–1989 JVP insurrection 5331:1976 Argentine coup d'état 5243:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 5193:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état 4877:1964 Brazilian coup d'état 4845:Cyprus crisis of 1963–1964 4534:First Taiwan Strait Crisis 4301:Asian Relations Conference 4038:Treaty of Guarantee (1960) 3993:Treaty of Bucharest (1913) 3100:Menelaou, Iakovos (2021). 2215:"CYPRUS: Fire & Smoke" 2136:ERKAN, NİHAL (July 2019). 2122:179 Times, 21 April 1956; 2019:www.archbishopmakarios.com 1649:Coureas, Nicholas (2015). 1243:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 1228:Turkish invasion of Cyprus 1217: 1154: 1055: 1038:English Electric Canberras 184:Special Warfare Department 54:Battle at Nicosia Hospital 6850: 6698:William Appleman Williams 6643:Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. 5158:Bangladesh Liberation War 5148:1971 Sudanese coup d'état 5035:1969 Sudanese coup d'état 5023:1968 Peruvian coup d'état 4461:Arab Cold War (1952–1979) 4086: 4028:Treaty of Lausanne (1923) 3842:1878 Macedonian rebellion 3827:Cretan revolt (1866–1869) 3822:1867 Macedonian rebellion 3817:1854 Macedonian rebellion 3379: 3363:Greek War of Independence 3250:10.1017/S096077732200008X 3122:British Counterinsurgency 3044:Isachenko, Daria (2012). 2972:. Bloomsbury Publishing. 1898:Βαρνάβας, Ανδρέα (2002). 1353:1955–1959 Kıbrıs olayları 1344: 1336: 1328: 992:Suez crisis and ceasefire 758:of 4 June 1878 after the 704:as an independent state. 680:) in 1955. Opposition to 649:was a conflict fought in 565: 424: 364: 339: 226: 129: 113:Britain retains bases at 60: 41: 28: 5473:1980 Turkish coup d'état 5308:Cambodian–Vietnamese War 5278:1978 Somali coup attempt 5238:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War 5203:1973 Chilean coup d'état 5028:Revolutionary Government 4922:South African Border War 4714:1960 Turkish coup d'état 4631:Iraqi 14 July Revolution 4486:1953 Iranian coup d'état 4466:1952 Egyptian revolution 3942:1974 Cypriot coup d'état 3852:Greco-Turkish War (1897) 3716:Alexandros Koumoundouros 3267:Novo, Andrew R. (2010). 3025:Holland, Robert (1998). 3010:. Taylor & Francis. 3006:Heinlein, Frank (2013). 2786:(in Greek). 10 July 2022 2784:Φιλελεύθερος | Philenews 2760:(in Greek). 1 April 2020 2687:Crawshaw, Nancy (1964). 2373:(in Greek). 1 April 2022 2371:Φιλελεύθερος | Philenews 1558:"Historical development" 1533:. Springer. p. 12. 1449:Naval War College Review 1171:London-Zürich Agreements 1157:London-Zürich Agreements 1108:attacked by an EOKA team 1076:Türk Mukavemet Teşkilatı 1046:Sabotage at RAF Akrotiri 698:London-Zürich Agreements 692:(TMT) in support of the 575:Cyprus crisis of 1963–64 360:1,000 active underground 5678:Fall of the Berlin Wall 5623:People Power Revolution 5608:Central American crisis 5548:1986 Black Sea incident 5198:1973 Afghan coup d'état 5096:Western Sahara conflict 4907:1966 Syrian coup d'état 4830:1963 Syrian coup d'état 4773:Portuguese Colonial War 4736:First Iraqi–Kurdish War 4501:1954 Syrian coup d'état 4378:Annexation of Hyderabad 4321:1947–1949 Palestine war 3988:Treaty of London (1913) 3968:Treaty of Berlin (1878) 3958:Treaty of London (1864) 3902:Greek landing at Smyrna 3483:(1919–22 as dependency) 3368:First Hellenic Republic 3299:at National Army Museum 3187:. Harrassowitz Verlag. 3163:. Bloomsbury Academic. 3159:Novo, Andrew R (2022). 2189:"Fleeing the firestorm" 1836:, Routledge, 2013, 106. 1710:Loizides, Georgios P., 1349:1955–1959 Cyprus events 1220:Bloody Christmas (1963) 1180:had launched Operation 780:military administration 738:was a territory of the 664:right-wing nationalist 92:London-Zurich Agreement 6896:Insurgencies in Europe 5972:Neoclassical economics 5483:Gulf of Sidra incident 5040:1969 Libyan revolution 4731:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict 4516:1954 Geneva Conference 4276:Turkish straits crisis 4271:Corfu Channel incident 4033:Treaty of Paris (1947) 3721:Dimitrios Kalapothakis 3701:Aristotelis Valaoritis 3348:Fall of Constantinople 3125:. Palgrave Macmillan. 3104:. Trivent Publishing. 3048:. Palgrave Macmillan. 2987:French, David (2015). 1724:Xypolia, Ilia (2017). 1352: 1102:which was held by the 1052:Intercommunal violence 1009: 963:Royal Norfolk Regiment 920: 900:officer working under 750:under nominal Ottoman 672:colonial rule and the 626:Maritime zones dispute 442:Police Station Attacks 437:Nicosia Cinema Bombing 227:Commanders and leaders 6822:Russia–NATO relations 6703:Jonathan Reed Winkler 5987:Democratic capitalism 5982:Supply-side economics 5950:American conservatism 5749:Breakup of Yugoslavia 5638:Bougainville conflict 5553:South Yemen civil war 5488:Martial law in Poland 5351:Nicaraguan Revolution 5326:Dirty War (Argentina) 5133:1971 JVP insurrection 4947:Years of Lead (Italy) 4825:North Yemen civil war 4743:Berlin Crisis of 1961 4719:Albanian–Soviet split 4651:1959 Tibetan uprising 4616:Syrian Crisis of 1957 4471:Iraqi Intifada (1952) 4331:1948 Arab–Israeli War 3872:Himara revolt of 1912 3837:Epirus Revolt of 1878 3812:Epirus Revolt of 1854 3756:Themistoklis Sofoulis 3746:Eleftherios Venizelos 1728:. London: Routledge. 1295:Independence of Malta 1208:British Forces Cyprus 1204:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 1155:Further information: 1056:Further information: 999: 918: 868:On 1 April 1955, the 604:1974 Turkish invasion 594:Cyprus crisis of 1967 447:Kyrenia Castle Escape 365:Casualties and losses 115:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 6926:Wars of independence 6243:Non-Aligned Movement 5865:Peaceful coexistence 5819:North Borneo dispute 5734:German reunification 5729:Min Ping Yu No. 5202 5427:Salvadoran Civil War 5376:Grand Mosque seizure 5371:Yemenite War of 1979 5263:Mozambican Civil War 5218:Carnation Revolution 5173:Yemenite War of 1972 5111:1970 Polish protests 4942:1967 Hong Kong riots 4917:Argentine Revolution 4867:Guatemalan Civil War 4795:Cuban Missile Crisis 4709:Bay of Pigs Invasion 4581:1956 Poznań protests 4559:Geneva Summit (1955) 4161:Hukbalahap Rebellion 4140:Non-Aligned Movement 3917:Great Fire of Smyrna 3832:Cretan revolt (1878) 3711:Macedonian Committee 3689:People/Organizations 3428:North Aegean islands 3293:at Wikimedia Commons 2623:Taylor & Francis 2529:"September 27, 1958" 1993:www.ekathimerini.com 1692:Αθανασίου, Βαλάντη. 1607:Keiko, Arai (1973). 1151:End of the emergency 908:later exiled to the 97:Independence of the 6688:Alex von Tunzelmann 6678:Vladimir Tismăneanu 6603:Thomas J. McCormick 6598:Jack F. Matlock Jr. 6498:Robert Hugh Ferrell 6361:Crusade for Freedom 6158:Illiberal democracy 6042:Ho Chi Minh Thought 5845:Eisenhower Doctrine 5698:Peaceful Revolution 5693:Romanian Revolution 5673:Revolutions of 1989 5658:1988 Polish strikes 5568:Operation INFEKTION 5563:1987 Lieyu massacre 5468:Eritrean Civil Wars 5451:Peruvian Revolution 5401:1979 Herat uprising 5391:Sino-Vietnamese War 5356:Uganda–Tanzania War 5336:Egyptian–Libyan War 5303:Third Indochina War 5298:Sino-Albanian split 5288:Ethiopian Civil War 5188:Eritrean Civil Wars 5128:Ping-pong diplomacy 5101:Cambodian Civil War 4927:Korean DMZ Conflict 4912:Cultural Revolution 4882:Dominican Civil War 4860:Tlatelolco massacre 4646:1959 Mosul uprising 4636:1958 Lebanon crisis 4363:Al-Wathbah uprising 4286:First Indochina War 4256:Iran crisis of 1946 3847:Macedonian Struggle 3791:Dimitrios Ioannidis 3726:Stephanos Dragoumis 2743:, pp. 290–292. 2589:Fremont-Barnes 2015 2579:, pp. 172–173. 2488:Fremont-Barnes 2015 2478:, pp. 263–264. 2396:aviation-safety.net 2195:. 24 September 2020 2193:www.keymilitary.com 1517:, pp. 66, 307. 1289:Nyasaland Emergency 1277:Palestine Emergency 1104:Royal Ulster Rifles 802:Cypriot nationalist 774:on the side of the 700:, establishing the 694:partition of Cyprus 306:Tassos Papadopoulos 192:(Advise and assist) 6842:Russian Revolution 6638:Mary Elise Sarotte 6623:William B. Pickett 6548:Patrick J. Hearden 6528:Gabriel Gorodetsky 6523:Timothy Garton Ash 6508:Anneli Ute Gabanyi 6103:Ethnic nationalism 5855:Hallstein Doctrine 5739:Yemeni unification 5528:1985 Geneva Summit 5493:Casamance conflict 5396:New Jewel Movement 5381:Iranian Revolution 5366:Chadian–Libyan War 5313:Cambodian conflict 5293:Lebanese Civil War 5283:Western Sahara War 5258:June 1976 protests 5253:Cambodian genocide 5018:17 July Revolution 4972:Nigerian Civil War 4887:Rhodesian Bush War 4872:Colombian conflict 4815:Ramadan Revolution 4554:Bandung Conference 4430:Operation Valuable 4311:Partition of India 3922:1931 Cyprus Revolt 3907:Republic of Pontus 3771:Theodoros Pangalos 3761:Nikolaos Plastiras 3527:Cappadocian Greeks 3471:(1912–13, 1920–23) 2934:. 23 January 2019. 2506:The Canberra Times 2293:Η Φωνή της Λεμεσού 2124:The New York Times 2078:thewardrobe.org.uk 2042:. 26 February 2016 1948:The New York Times 1826:Richard J. Aldrich 1754:www.kathimerini.gr 1323:Also known as the 1239:Battle of Tillyria 1224:Battle of Tillyria 1080:Turkish government 1042:De Havilland Venom 1010: 959:Gordon Highlanders 955:Parachute Regiment 921: 882:state of emergency 810:Governor of Cyprus 702:Republic of Cyprus 586:Battle of Tillyria 287:Grigoris Afxentiou 99:Republic of Cyprus 6873: 6872: 6860:List of conflicts 6708:Rudolph Winnacker 6653:Giles Scott-Smith 6628:Ronald E. Powaski 6583:Melvyn P. Leffler 6513:John Lewis Gaddis 6488:Robert D. English 6453:Warren H. Carroll 6443:Michael Beschloss 6412:Nuclear arms race 6393: 6392: 6299:Neues Deutschland 6201: 6200: 6183:White nationalism 6153:Liberal democracy 5890:Ulbricht Doctrine 5880:Brezhnev Doctrine 5688:Velvet Revolution 5432:Soviet–Afghan War 5248:Angolan Civil War 5045:Goulash Communism 4902:ASEAN Declaration 4855:Mexican Dirty War 4753:Annexation of Goa 4704:1960 U-2 incident 4678:Sino-Soviet split 4656:Laotian Civil War 4496:Bricker Amendment 4476:Mau Mau rebellion 4420:Malayan Emergency 4408:Chinese Civil War 4368:Tito–Stalin split 4222:Division of Korea 4046: 4045: 4004:Protocol of Corfu 3932:Greco-Italian War 3670:Greek nationalism 3373:Kingdom of Greece 3289:Media related to 3206:. Pen and Sword. 3132:978-1-137-31686-8 2862:api.parliament.uk 2720:The Cyprus Review 2651:van der Bijl 2014 2577:van der Bijl 2014 2490:, pp. 11–13. 2430:, pp. 38–39. 2259:van der Bijl 2014 1830:Ming-Yeh Rawnsley 1808:978-9925-581-66-5 1694:"Η Παλμεροκρατία" 1540:978-3-319-91620-0 924:Counterinsurgency 886:example of Malaya 760:Russo-Turkish War 756:Cyprus Convention 640: 639: 523: 522: 381: 380: 193: 125: 124: 119:EOKA not defeated 48:A street riot in 6933: 6886:Cyprus Emergency 6618:David S. Painter 6543:John Earl Haynes 6473:Nicholas J. Cull 6458:Adrian Cioroianu 6438:Thomas A. Bailey 6385:Voice of America 6276: 6188:White separatism 6168:Social democracy 6163:Guided democracy 6143:Authoritarianism 6093:Ultranationalism 6083:Anti-imperialism 6010:Marxism–Leninism 5923: 5910:Kinmen Agreement 5875:Johnson Doctrine 5860:Kennedy Doctrine 5776:Frozen conflicts 5759:1991 August Coup 5648:Afghan Civil War 5543:Reykjavík Summit 5538:Somali Rebellion 5478:Ugandan Bush War 5456:Gdańsk Agreement 4977:Protests of 1968 4957:War of Attrition 4666:Cuban Revolution 4602:We will bury you 4569:Cyprus Emergency 4549:Kashmir Princess 4539:Jebel Akhdar War 4388:Western betrayal 4073: 4066: 4059: 4050: 4022:Treaty of Sèvres 3998:Treaty of Athens 3937:Cyprus Emergency 3706:Ethniki Etaireia 3696:Ioannis Kolettis 3506:which included: 3385: 3327: 3320: 3313: 3304: 3291:Cyprus Emergency 3288: 3274: 3263: 3261: 3225: 3198: 3179:Richter, Heinz A 3174: 3155: 3136: 3115: 3096: 3059: 3040: 3021: 3002: 2983: 2964: 2936: 2935: 2924: 2918: 2917: 2915: 2913: 2890: 2884: 2878: 2872: 2871: 2869: 2868: 2854: 2848: 2847: 2845: 2844: 2838:The Defense Post 2829: 2823: 2822: 2814: 2808: 2802: 2796: 2795: 2793: 2791: 2776: 2770: 2769: 2767: 2765: 2750: 2744: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2715: 2709: 2708: 2684: 2678: 2672: 2666: 2660: 2654: 2648: 2642: 2641: 2635: 2613: 2607: 2601: 2592: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2543: 2541: 2539: 2525: 2519: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2497: 2491: 2485: 2479: 2473: 2467: 2461: 2455: 2449: 2443: 2437: 2431: 2425: 2419: 2413: 2407: 2406: 2404: 2402: 2388: 2382: 2381: 2379: 2378: 2363: 2357: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2337: 2331: 2325: 2316: 2310: 2304: 2303: 2301: 2300: 2285: 2279: 2273: 2262: 2256: 2250: 2244: 2238: 2237: 2235: 2233: 2211: 2205: 2204: 2202: 2200: 2185: 2179: 2178: 2176: 2167: 2161: 2155: 2149: 2148: 2142: 2133: 2127: 2120: 2114: 2113: 2111: 2109: 2095: 2089: 2088: 2086: 2084: 2070: 2064: 2058: 2052: 2051: 2049: 2047: 2036: 2030: 2029: 2027: 2025: 2011: 2005: 2004: 2002: 2000: 1985: 1979: 1973: 1967: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1939: 1933: 1927: 1921: 1920: 1895: 1889: 1883: 1877: 1871: 1865: 1864: 1862: 1860: 1843: 1837: 1823: 1817: 1816: 1786: 1780: 1779: 1771: 1765: 1764: 1762: 1760: 1746: 1740: 1739: 1721: 1715: 1708: 1702: 1701: 1689: 1683: 1682: 1679: 1669: 1661: 1655: 1654: 1646: 1640: 1639: 1627: 1621: 1620: 1604: 1598: 1597: 1595: 1593: 1579: 1573: 1572: 1570: 1568: 1554: 1548: 1547: 1524: 1518: 1512: 1506: 1500: 1494: 1488: 1482: 1481: 1440:Fall, Bernard B. 1436: 1427: 1426: 1423:findmypast.co.uk 1415: 1409: 1408: 1388: 1382: 1376: 1356: 1346: 1338: 1330: 1321: 1315: 1312: 1283:Kenyan Emergency 1006:Ferret Scout Car 878:Sir John Harding 860: 859: 858: 856: 829:Church of Cyprus 827:was held by the 722:Mycenaean Greeks 686:Turkish Cypriots 647:Cyprus Emergency 580:Bloody Christmas 569:Cyprus Emergency 560: 550: 543: 536: 527: 479:Nicosia hospital 419: 417: 416:Cyprus Emergency 407: 400: 393: 384: 354: 351: 350: 335:Renos Kyriakides 334: 333: 332: 325: 315: 314: 313: 304: 303: 302: 295: 285: 284: 283: 272: 271: 270: 260: 259: 249: 248: 247: 238: 237: 236: 219: 218: 204: 203: 202: 191: 177: 176: 156: 155: 154: 143: 141: 140: 62: 61: 46: 24:Cyprus Emergency 21: 6941: 6940: 6936: 6935: 6934: 6932: 6931: 6930: 6876: 6875: 6874: 6869: 6846: 6837:Second Cold War 6795: 6723: 6717: 6693:Odd Arne Westad 6683:Patrick Vaughan 6668:Athan Theoharis 6648:Ellen Schrecker 6633:Yakov M. Rabkin 6608:Timothy Naftali 6553:Tvrtko Jakovina 6538:Jussi Hanhimäki 6421: 6399: 6389: 6367:Paix et Liberté 6342: 6286:Active measures 6267: 6197: 6178:White supremacy 6138:Totalitarianism 6066: 5991: 5914: 5900:Reagan Doctrine 5895:Carter Doctrine 5835:Truman Doctrine 5823: 5770: 5702: 5597:Soviet reaction 5508:Ndogboyosoi War 5415: 5386:Saur Revolution 5213:1973 oil crisis 5178:Munich massacre 5086:Alcora Exercise 5081:Black September 5059: 4805:Sino-Indian War 4699:Simba rebellion 4682: 4526:Capture of the 4434: 4373:Berlin Blockade 4306:May 1947 crises 4296:Truman Doctrine 4261:Greek Civil War 4250:Blacklist Forty 4217:Gouzenko Affair 4204:Cursed soldiers 4156:Morgenthau Plan 4144: 4082: 4077: 4047: 4042: 3946: 3795: 3786:Georgios Grivas 3741:Military League 3684: 3658: 3629:Eastern Rumelia 3492: 3475:Northern Epirus 3451: 3445: 3386: 3377: 3336: 3331: 3281: 3266: 3235: 3232: 3230:Further reading 3214: 3201: 3195: 3177: 3171: 3158: 3152: 3139: 3133: 3118: 3112: 3099: 3077:10.2307/3234160 3062: 3056: 3043: 3037: 3024: 3018: 3005: 2999: 2986: 2980: 2967: 2961: 2948: 2945: 2940: 2939: 2926: 2925: 2921: 2911: 2909: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2879: 2875: 2866: 2864: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2842: 2840: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2816: 2815: 2811: 2803: 2799: 2789: 2787: 2778: 2777: 2773: 2763: 2761: 2752: 2751: 2747: 2739: 2735: 2717: 2716: 2712: 2693:The World Today 2686: 2685: 2681: 2673: 2669: 2661: 2657: 2649: 2645: 2615: 2614: 2610: 2602: 2595: 2587: 2583: 2575: 2571: 2563: 2559: 2551: 2547: 2537: 2535: 2527: 2526: 2522: 2512: 2510: 2499: 2498: 2494: 2486: 2482: 2474: 2470: 2462: 2458: 2450: 2446: 2438: 2434: 2426: 2422: 2414: 2410: 2400: 2398: 2390: 2389: 2385: 2376: 2374: 2365: 2364: 2360: 2350: 2348: 2339: 2338: 2334: 2326: 2319: 2311: 2307: 2298: 2296: 2287: 2286: 2282: 2274: 2265: 2257: 2253: 2245: 2241: 2231: 2229: 2221:. 2 July 1956. 2213: 2212: 2208: 2198: 2196: 2187: 2186: 2182: 2174: 2169: 2168: 2164: 2156: 2152: 2140: 2135: 2134: 2130: 2121: 2117: 2107: 2105: 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642: 641: 636: 561: 556: 554: 524: 519: 432:1 April Attacks 420: 415: 413: 411: 377:Unknown injured 376: 371: 359: 345: 330: 328: 327: 321: 311: 309: 308: 300: 298: 297: 291: 281: 279: 278: 275:Georgios Grivas 268: 266: 254: 253: 245: 243: 242: 234: 232: 213: 212: 208: 200: 198: 171: 170: 166: 162: 152: 150: 138: 136: 82: 69: 47: 33: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6939: 6937: 6929: 6928: 6923: 6921:1959 in Cyprus 6918: 6916:1958 in Cyprus 6913: 6911:1957 in Cyprus 6908: 6906:1956 in Cyprus 6903: 6901:1955 in Cyprus 6898: 6893: 6888: 6878: 6877: 6871: 6870: 6868: 6867: 6862: 6857: 6851: 6848: 6847: 6845: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6829: 6824: 6819: 6814: 6809: 6803: 6801: 6797: 6796: 6794: 6793: 6788: 6783: 6778: 6773: 6768: 6763: 6758: 6753: 6748: 6743: 6738: 6733: 6727: 6725: 6719: 6718: 6716: 6715: 6710: 6705: 6700: 6695: 6690: 6685: 6680: 6675: 6670: 6665: 6663:Timothy Snyder 6660: 6655: 6650: 6645: 6640: 6635: 6630: 6625: 6620: 6615: 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6593:Vojtech Mastny 6590: 6588:Geir Lundestad 6585: 6580: 6578:Walter Laqueur 6575: 6573:Walter LaFeber 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6535: 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6503:André Fontaine 6500: 6495: 6490: 6485: 6480: 6475: 6470: 6465: 6460: 6455: 6450: 6445: 6440: 6435: 6433:Gar Alperovitz 6429: 6427: 6423: 6422: 6420: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6403: 6401: 6395: 6394: 6391: 6390: 6388: 6387: 6382: 6376: 6375: 6370: 6363: 6358: 6350: 6348: 6344: 6343: 6341: 6340: 6333: 6328: 6321: 6314: 6309: 6302: 6295: 6288: 6282: 6280: 6273: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6209: 6207: 6203: 6202: 6199: 6198: 6196: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6173:Third-Worldism 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6140: 6135: 6130: 6125: 6120: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6100: 6095: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6074: 6072: 6068: 6067: 6065: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6032: 6027: 6022: 6017: 6012: 6007: 6001: 5999: 5993: 5992: 5990: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5962:Libertarianism 5959: 5954: 5953: 5952: 5942: 5940:Chicago school 5937: 5931: 5929: 5920: 5916: 5915: 5913: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5885:Nixon Doctrine 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5862: 5857: 5852: 5847: 5842: 5837: 5831: 5829: 5828:Foreign policy 5825: 5824: 5822: 5821: 5816: 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5791: 5786: 5780: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5768: 5763: 5762: 5761: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5731: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5710: 5708: 5704: 5703: 5701: 5700: 5695: 5690: 5685: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5660: 5655: 5650: 5645: 5640: 5635: 5630: 5625: 5620: 5615: 5613:Operation RYAN 5610: 5605: 5600: 5590: 5585: 5580: 5575: 5570: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5530: 5525: 5520: 5518:Able Archer 83 5515: 5510: 5505: 5500: 5495: 5490: 5485: 5480: 5475: 5470: 5465: 5464: 5463: 5453: 5448: 5443: 5434: 5429: 5423: 5421: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5398: 5393: 5388: 5383: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5348: 5343: 5338: 5333: 5328: 5323: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5295: 5290: 5285: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5268:Oromo conflict 5265: 5260: 5255: 5250: 5245: 5240: 5235: 5230: 5225: 5220: 5215: 5210: 5208:Yom Kippur War 5205: 5200: 5195: 5190: 5185: 5180: 5175: 5170: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5150: 5145: 5140: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5118: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5067: 5065: 5061: 5060: 5058: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5031: 5030: 5020: 5015: 5010: 5005: 5000: 4991: 4986: 4985: 4984: 4974: 4969: 4964: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4944: 4939: 4934: 4929: 4924: 4919: 4914: 4909: 4904: 4899: 4894: 4889: 4884: 4879: 4874: 4869: 4864: 4863: 4862: 4852: 4847: 4842: 4840:Aden Emergency 4837: 4832: 4827: 4822: 4817: 4812: 4807: 4802: 4797: 4792: 4791: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4758:Papua conflict 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4739: 4738: 4728: 4727: 4726: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4690: 4688: 4684: 4683: 4681: 4680: 4675: 4674: 4673: 4663: 4661:Kitchen Debate 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4621:Sputnik crisis 4618: 4613: 4605: 4598: 4593: 4591:Polish October 4588: 4583: 4578: 4571: 4566: 4561: 4556: 4551: 4546: 4541: 4536: 4531: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4491:Pact of Madrid 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4446:Bamboo Curtain 4442: 4440: 4436: 4435: 4433: 4432: 4427: 4422: 4417: 4416: 4415: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4328: 4318: 4313: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4273: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4253: 4245: 4237: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4206: 4201: 4200: 4199: 4194: 4186: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4158: 4152: 4150: 4146: 4145: 4143: 4142: 4137: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4095: 4087: 4084: 4083: 4078: 4076: 4075: 4068: 4061: 4053: 4044: 4043: 4041: 4040: 4035: 4030: 4025: 4019: 4013: 4007: 4001: 3995: 3990: 3985: 3980: 3975: 3970: 3965: 3960: 3954: 3952: 3948: 3947: 3945: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3927:Greece in WWII 3924: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3857:Theriso revolt 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3803: 3801: 3797: 3796: 3794: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3758: 3753: 3751:Penelope Delta 3748: 3743: 3738: 3736:Kostis Palamas 3733: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3698: 3692: 3690: 3686: 3685: 3683: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3666: 3664: 3660: 3659: 3657: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3641: 3631: 3626: 3621: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3590: 3585: 3580: 3575: 3570: 3565: 3560: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3540: 3535: 3530: 3520: 3515: 3510: 3500: 3498: 3494: 3493: 3491: 3490: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3462: 3459:Eastern Thrace 3455: 3453: 3447: 3446: 3444: 3443: 3437: 3434:Western Thrace 3431: 3425: 3419: 3413: 3407: 3401: 3398:Ionian Islands 3394: 3392: 3388: 3387: 3380: 3378: 3376: 3375: 3370: 3365: 3360: 3355: 3353:Ottoman Greece 3350: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3337: 3332: 3330: 3329: 3322: 3315: 3307: 3301: 3300: 3297:Cyprus Exhibit 3294: 3280: 3279:External links 3277: 3276: 3275: 3264: 3244:(1): 233–249. 3231: 3228: 3227: 3226: 3212: 3199: 3194:978-3447062121 3193: 3175: 3169: 3156: 3150: 3137: 3131: 3116: 3110: 3097: 3071:(2): 137–158. 3060: 3054: 3041: 3035: 3022: 3016: 3003: 2998:978-0198729341 2997: 2984: 2978: 2965: 2959: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2937: 2919: 2885: 2883:, p. 133. 2873: 2849: 2824: 2809: 2807:, p. 201. 2797: 2771: 2745: 2733: 2710: 2699:(8): 338–347. 2679: 2677:, p. 313. 2667: 2655: 2653:, p. 170. 2643: 2608: 2606:, p. 168. 2593: 2581: 2569: 2567:, p. 280. 2557: 2555:, p. 279. 2545: 2520: 2492: 2480: 2468: 2466:, p. 109. 2464:Newsinger 2016 2456: 2454:, p. 242. 2444: 2442:, p. 260. 2432: 2428:Isachenko 2012 2420: 2418:, p. 203. 2408: 2383: 2358: 2332: 2330:, p. 104. 2328:Newsinger 2016 2317: 2315:, p. 213. 2305: 2280: 2278:, p. 106. 2276:Newsinger 2016 2263: 2261:, p. 103. 2251: 2249:, p. 136. 2239: 2206: 2180: 2162: 2150: 2128: 2115: 2090: 2065: 2063:, p. 102. 2061:Newsinger 2016 2053: 2031: 2006: 1995:. 1 March 2022 1980: 1978:, p. 496. 1968: 1934: 1932:, p. 110. 1922: 1912: 1890: 1888:, p. 101. 1886:Newsinger 2016 1878: 1866: 1838: 1818: 1807: 1781: 1766: 1741: 1734: 1716: 1703: 1684: 1656: 1641: 1622: 1599: 1574: 1549: 1539: 1519: 1507: 1505:, p. 307. 1495: 1493:, p. 146. 1483: 1428: 1410: 1403: 1383: 1381:, p. 302. 1367: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1316: 1306: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1299: 1298: 1292: 1286: 1280: 1272: 1269: 1254: 1251: 1215: 1212: 1206:also known as 1198: 1195: 1152: 1149: 1095: 1092: 1053: 1050: 993: 990: 947:Lucky Alphonse 925: 922: 865: 862: 847: 844: 788:Greek Cypriots 776:Central Powers 768:British Empire 748:United Kingdom 740:Ottoman Empire 716:can trace its 712:The island of 709: 706: 651:British Cyprus 638: 637: 635: 634: 633: 623: 618: 617: 616: 611: 601: 596: 591: 590: 589: 583: 572: 566: 563: 562: 558:Cyprus problem 555: 553: 552: 545: 538: 530: 521: 520: 518: 517: 506: 505: 500: 489: 488: 485:Lucky Alphonse 481: 470: 469: 464: 459: 454: 449: 444: 439: 434: 425: 422: 421: 412: 410: 409: 402: 395: 387: 379: 378: 373: 367: 366: 362: 361: 356: 342: 341: 337: 336: 264: 229: 228: 224: 223: 196: 195: 194: 186: 161: 160: 158:British Cyprus 145:United Kingdom 132: 131: 127: 126: 123: 122: 121: 120: 117: 111: 101: 88: 84: 83: 80:British Cyprus 78: 76: 72: 71: 66: 58: 57: 39: 38: 36:Decolonisation 31:Cyprus problem 26: 25: 19: 18: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6938: 6927: 6924: 6922: 6919: 6917: 6914: 6912: 6909: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6883: 6881: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6856: 6853: 6852: 6849: 6843: 6840: 6838: 6835: 6833: 6830: 6828: 6827:War on terror 6825: 6823: 6820: 6818: 6815: 6813: 6810: 6808: 6805: 6804: 6802: 6798: 6792: 6789: 6787: 6784: 6782: 6779: 6777: 6774: 6772: 6769: 6767: 6764: 6762: 6759: 6757: 6754: 6752: 6749: 6747: 6744: 6742: 6739: 6737: 6734: 6732: 6729: 6728: 6726: 6722:Espionage and 6720: 6714: 6711: 6709: 6706: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6694: 6691: 6689: 6686: 6684: 6681: 6679: 6676: 6674: 6673:Andrew Thorpe 6671: 6669: 6666: 6664: 6661: 6659: 6656: 6654: 6651: 6649: 6646: 6644: 6641: 6639: 6636: 6634: 6631: 6629: 6626: 6624: 6621: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6568:Gabriel Kolko 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6533:Fred Halliday 6531: 6529: 6526: 6524: 6521: 6519: 6518:Lloyd Gardner 6516: 6514: 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6478:Norman Davies 6476: 6474: 6471: 6469: 6466: 6464: 6463:John Costello 6461: 6459: 6456: 6454: 6451: 6449: 6446: 6444: 6441: 6439: 6436: 6434: 6431: 6430: 6428: 6424: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6404: 6402: 6398:Technological 6396: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6377: 6374: 6371: 6369: 6368: 6364: 6362: 6359: 6357: 6356: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6345: 6339: 6338: 6334: 6332: 6329: 6327: 6326: 6322: 6320: 6319: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6307: 6303: 6301: 6300: 6296: 6294: 6293: 6289: 6287: 6284: 6283: 6281: 6279:Pro-communist 6277: 6274: 6270: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6210: 6208: 6206:Organizations 6204: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6139: 6136: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6126: 6124: 6121: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6104: 6101: 6099: 6096: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6075: 6073: 6069: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6037: 6033: 6031: 6028: 6026: 6023: 6021: 6020:Eurocommunism 6018: 6016: 6013: 6011: 6008: 6006: 6003: 6002: 6000: 5998: 5994: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5951: 5948: 5947: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5932: 5930: 5928: 5924: 5921: 5917: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5856: 5853: 5851: 5850:Domino theory 5848: 5846: 5843: 5841: 5838: 5836: 5833: 5832: 5830: 5826: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5804:South Ossetia 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5781: 5779: 5777: 5773: 5767: 5764: 5760: 5757: 5756: 5755: 5752: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5711: 5709: 5705: 5699: 5696: 5694: 5691: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5654: 5651: 5649: 5646: 5644: 5641: 5639: 5636: 5634: 5631: 5629: 5626: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5609: 5606: 5604: 5601: 5598: 5594: 5591: 5589: 5588:8888 Uprising 5586: 5584: 5581: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5569: 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5533:Iran–Iraq War 5531: 5529: 5526: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5511: 5509: 5506: 5504: 5501: 5499: 5498:Falklands War 5496: 5494: 5491: 5489: 5486: 5484: 5481: 5479: 5476: 5474: 5471: 5469: 5466: 5462: 5459: 5458: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5424: 5422: 5418: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5402: 5399: 5397: 5394: 5392: 5389: 5387: 5384: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5361:NDF Rebellion 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5347: 5344: 5342: 5341:German Autumn 5339: 5337: 5334: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5324: 5322: 5321: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5249: 5246: 5244: 5241: 5239: 5236: 5234: 5231: 5229: 5228:Metapolitefsi 5226: 5224: 5221: 5219: 5216: 5214: 5211: 5209: 5206: 5204: 5201: 5199: 5196: 5194: 5191: 5189: 5186: 5184: 5181: 5179: 5176: 5174: 5171: 5169: 5166: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5149: 5146: 5144: 5141: 5139: 5136: 5134: 5131: 5129: 5126: 5124: 5123: 5119: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5068: 5066: 5062: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5029: 5026: 5025: 5024: 5021: 5019: 5016: 5014: 5011: 5009: 5006: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4997: 4992: 4990: 4989:Prague Spring 4987: 4983: 4980: 4979: 4978: 4975: 4973: 4970: 4968: 4967:Al-Wadiah War 4965: 4963: 4960: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4948: 4945: 4943: 4940: 4938: 4935: 4933: 4932:12-3 incident 4930: 4928: 4925: 4923: 4920: 4918: 4915: 4913: 4910: 4908: 4905: 4903: 4900: 4898: 4895: 4893: 4890: 4888: 4885: 4883: 4880: 4878: 4875: 4873: 4870: 4868: 4865: 4861: 4858: 4857: 4856: 4853: 4851: 4848: 4846: 4843: 4841: 4838: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4823: 4821: 4818: 4816: 4813: 4811: 4808: 4806: 4803: 4801: 4798: 4796: 4793: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4775: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4737: 4734: 4733: 4732: 4729: 4725: 4722: 4721: 4720: 4717: 4715: 4712: 4710: 4707: 4705: 4702: 4700: 4697: 4695: 4692: 4691: 4689: 4685: 4679: 4676: 4672: 4669: 4668: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4624: 4622: 4619: 4617: 4614: 4612: 4611: 4606: 4603: 4599: 4597: 4594: 4592: 4589: 4587: 4584: 4582: 4579: 4576: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4560: 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4529: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4511:Domino theory 4509: 4507: 4506:Petrov Affair 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4443: 4441: 4437: 4431: 4428: 4426: 4423: 4421: 4418: 4414: 4411: 4410: 4409: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4399: 4396: 4394: 4391: 4389: 4386: 4384: 4383:Madiun Affair 4381: 4379: 4376: 4374: 4371: 4369: 4366: 4364: 4361: 4359: 4356: 4354: 4351: 4349: 4346: 4344: 4343:Marshall Plan 4341: 4337: 4334: 4332: 4329: 4327: 4324: 4323: 4322: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4312: 4309: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4272: 4269: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4259: 4257: 4254: 4252: 4251: 4246: 4244: 4243: 4238: 4236: 4235: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4212: 4207: 4205: 4202: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4192: 4187: 4185: 4184: 4179: 4178: 4177: 4174: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4153: 4151: 4147: 4141: 4138: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4128: 4126: 4123: 4121: 4118: 4116: 4113: 4111: 4108: 4106: 4103: 4101: 4100: 4096: 4094: 4093: 4092:United States 4089: 4088: 4085: 4081: 4074: 4069: 4067: 4062: 4060: 4055: 4054: 4051: 4039: 4036: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4008: 4005: 4002: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3989: 3986: 3984: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3974: 3971: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3959: 3956: 3955: 3953: 3949: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3892:Greece in WWI 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3862:Balkan League 3860: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3804: 3802: 3798: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3772: 3769: 3767: 3764: 3762: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3744: 3742: 3739: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3729: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3707: 3704: 3702: 3699: 3697: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3687: 3681: 3678: 3676: 3675:Hellenization 3673: 3671: 3668: 3667: 3665: 3661: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3625: 3622: 3620: 3616: 3614: 3613:Armenia Minor 3611: 3609: 3606: 3604: 3601: 3599: 3596: 3594: 3591: 3589: 3586: 3584: 3581: 3579: 3576: 3574: 3571: 3569: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3559: 3556: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3539: 3536: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3524: 3521: 3519: 3516: 3514: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3502: 3501: 3499: 3495: 3488: 3485: 3482: 3479: 3476: 3473: 3470: 3466: 3463: 3460: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3448: 3441: 3438: 3435: 3432: 3429: 3426: 3423: 3420: 3417: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3405: 3402: 3399: 3396: 3395: 3393: 3389: 3384: 3374: 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3345: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3328: 3323: 3321: 3316: 3314: 3309: 3308: 3305: 3298: 3295: 3292: 3287: 3283: 3282: 3278: 3272: 3271: 3265: 3260: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3239: 3234: 3233: 3229: 3223: 3219: 3215: 3213:9781844682508 3209: 3205: 3200: 3196: 3190: 3186: 3185: 3180: 3176: 3172: 3170:9780755635344 3166: 3162: 3157: 3153: 3151:9780737746228 3147: 3143: 3138: 3134: 3128: 3124: 3123: 3117: 3113: 3111:9786158182140 3107: 3103: 3098: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3082: 3078: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3061: 3057: 3055:9780230392069 3051: 3047: 3042: 3038: 3036:9780198205388 3032: 3028: 3023: 3019: 3017:9781135284343 3013: 3009: 3004: 3000: 2994: 2990: 2985: 2981: 2979:9798216097310 2975: 2971: 2966: 2962: 2960:9780812206852 2956: 2952: 2947: 2946: 2942: 2933: 2929: 2923: 2920: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2889: 2886: 2882: 2877: 2874: 2863: 2859: 2853: 2850: 2839: 2835: 2828: 2825: 2820: 2813: 2810: 2806: 2801: 2798: 2785: 2781: 2775: 2772: 2759: 2755: 2749: 2746: 2742: 2737: 2734: 2730: 2725: 2721: 2714: 2711: 2706: 2702: 2698: 2694: 2690: 2683: 2680: 2676: 2671: 2668: 2665:, p. 32. 2664: 2659: 2656: 2652: 2647: 2644: 2640: 2634: 2629: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2612: 2609: 2605: 2600: 2598: 2594: 2591:, p. 16. 2590: 2585: 2582: 2578: 2573: 2570: 2566: 2561: 2558: 2554: 2549: 2546: 2534: 2530: 2524: 2521: 2508: 2507: 2502: 2496: 2493: 2489: 2484: 2481: 2477: 2472: 2469: 2465: 2460: 2457: 2453: 2448: 2445: 2441: 2436: 2433: 2429: 2424: 2421: 2417: 2412: 2409: 2397: 2393: 2387: 2384: 2372: 2368: 2362: 2359: 2346: 2342: 2336: 2333: 2329: 2324: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2309: 2306: 2294: 2290: 2284: 2281: 2277: 2272: 2270: 2268: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2252: 2248: 2243: 2240: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2210: 2207: 2194: 2190: 2184: 2181: 2173: 2166: 2163: 2159: 2154: 2151: 2147: 2139: 2132: 2129: 2125: 2119: 2116: 2104: 2103:www.nam.ac.uk 2100: 2094: 2091: 2079: 2075: 2069: 2066: 2062: 2057: 2054: 2041: 2035: 2032: 2020: 2016: 2010: 2007: 1994: 1990: 1984: 1981: 1977: 1972: 1969: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1938: 1935: 1931: 1926: 1923: 1919: 1915: 1913:9963-576-99-0 1909: 1905: 1901: 1894: 1891: 1887: 1882: 1879: 1876:, p. 27. 1875: 1870: 1867: 1854: 1853: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1835: 1831: 1827: 1822: 1819: 1815: 1810: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1795:Cyprus Review 1792: 1785: 1782: 1777: 1770: 1767: 1755: 1751: 1745: 1742: 1737: 1735:9781138221291 1731: 1727: 1720: 1717: 1713: 1707: 1704: 1699: 1695: 1688: 1685: 1681: 1673: 1666: 1660: 1657: 1652: 1645: 1642: 1637: 1633: 1626: 1623: 1619:(2): 189–190. 1618: 1614: 1610: 1603: 1600: 1588: 1584: 1578: 1575: 1563: 1559: 1553: 1550: 1546: 1542: 1536: 1532: 1531: 1523: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1508: 1504: 1499: 1496: 1492: 1487: 1484: 1480: 1475: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1450: 1445: 1441: 1435: 1433: 1429: 1424: 1420: 1414: 1411: 1406: 1404:9781134880355 1400: 1397:. Routledge. 1396: 1395: 1387: 1384: 1380: 1375: 1373: 1369: 1362: 1354: 1350: 1342: 1334: 1326: 1320: 1317: 1311: 1308: 1301: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1287: 1284: 1281: 1278: 1275: 1274: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1259: 1252: 1250: 1248: 1244: 1240: 1236: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1213: 1211: 1209: 1205: 1196: 1194: 1190: 1188: 1183: 1179: 1174: 1172: 1167: 1165: 1158: 1150: 1148: 1144: 1142: 1138: 1133: 1129: 1125: 1119: 1117: 1113: 1109: 1105: 1101: 1093: 1091: 1087: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1068: 1066: 1059: 1051: 1049: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1035: 1030: 1026: 1022: 1021:in December. 1020: 1015: 1007: 1003: 998: 991: 989: 987: 983: 982:Nikos Sampson 977: 974: 970: 968: 967:Paphos Forest 964: 960: 956: 952: 951:Royal Marines 948: 943: 941: 936: 934: 933:Kyrenia range 929: 923: 917: 913: 911: 905: 903: 899: 895: 889: 887: 883: 879: 875: 871: 863: 861: 857: 845: 843: 842:) to Cyprus. 841: 837: 832: 830: 826: 821: 819: 815: 811: 805: 803: 799: 795: 794: 789: 785: 781: 777: 773: 769: 765: 761: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 737: 733: 731: 728:, Venetians, 727: 723: 719: 715: 707: 705: 703: 699: 695: 691: 687: 683: 679: 675: 671: 667: 663: 662:Greek Cypriot 659: 654: 652: 648: 632: 629: 628: 627: 624: 622: 619: 615: 612: 610: 607: 606: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 587: 584: 581: 578: 577: 576: 573: 570: 567: 564: 559: 551: 546: 544: 539: 537: 532: 531: 528: 516: 513: 512: 511: 510: 504: 501: 499: 496: 495: 494: 493: 487: 486: 482: 480: 477: 476: 475: 474: 468: 465: 463: 460: 458: 455: 453: 450: 448: 445: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 429: 428: 423: 418: 408: 403: 401: 396: 394: 389: 388: 385: 374: 369: 368: 363: 357: 355:25,000–40,000 349: 344: 343: 338: 326: 324: 318: 317:Markos Drakos 307: 296: 294: 288: 277: 276: 265: 263: 258: 252: 241: 231: 230: 225: 222: 217: 211: 210:Supported by: 207: 197: 190: 187: 185: 182: 181: 180: 175: 169: 168:Supported by: 165: 159: 149: 148: 147: 146: 134: 133: 128: 118: 116: 112: 109: 105: 102: 100: 96: 95: 94: 93: 89: 86: 85: 81: 77: 74: 73: 67: 64: 63: 59: 55: 51: 45: 40: 37: 32: 27: 22: 6832:Brinkmanship 6724:intelligence 6613:Marius Oprea 6563:Harvey Klehr 6493:Herbert Feis 6483:Willem Drees 6448:Archie Brown 6365: 6353: 6335: 6325:Trybuna Ludu 6323: 6316: 6312:Radio Moscow 6304: 6297: 6290: 6118:Anti-Zionism 6034: 5957:Keynesianism 5945:Conservatism 5809:Transnistria 5789:China-Taiwan 5446:Gera Demands 5319: 5120: 4995: 4800:El Porteñazo 4694:Congo Crisis 4609: 4568: 4544:Algerian War 4527: 4403:Western Bloc 4398:Eastern Bloc 4393:Iron Curtain 4249: 4241: 4233: 4210: 4190: 4182: 4099:Soviet Union 4097: 4090: 3936: 3731:Pavlos Melas 3649:Sazan island 3452:acquisitions 3269: 3259:1887/3391012 3241: 3237: 3203: 3183: 3160: 3141: 3121: 3101: 3068: 3064: 3045: 3026: 3007: 2988: 2969: 2950: 2943:Bibliography 2922: 2910:. Retrieved 2899:The Observer 2898: 2888: 2876: 2865:. Retrieved 2861: 2852: 2841:. Retrieved 2837: 2827: 2818: 2812: 2805:Holland 1998 2800: 2788:. Retrieved 2783: 2774: 2762:. Retrieved 2757: 2748: 2736: 2727: 2723: 2719: 2713: 2696: 2692: 2682: 2675:Holland 1998 2670: 2658: 2646: 2637: 2621: 2611: 2584: 2572: 2560: 2548: 2536:. Retrieved 2533:Ekathimerini 2532: 2523: 2511:. Retrieved 2504: 2495: 2483: 2476:Holland 1998 2471: 2459: 2452:Holland 1998 2447: 2435: 2423: 2416:Holland 1998 2411: 2399:. Retrieved 2395: 2386: 2375:. Retrieved 2370: 2361: 2349:. Retrieved 2344: 2335: 2313:Holland 1998 2308: 2297:. Retrieved 2292: 2283: 2254: 2242: 2230:. Retrieved 2218: 2209: 2197:. Retrieved 2192: 2183: 2165: 2153: 2144: 2131: 2123: 2118: 2106:. Retrieved 2102: 2093: 2081:. Retrieved 2077: 2068: 2056: 2044:. Retrieved 2034: 2022:. Retrieved 2018: 2009: 1997:. Retrieved 1992: 1983: 1976:Richter 2010 1971: 1959:. Retrieved 1947: 1937: 1925: 1917: 1903: 1899: 1893: 1881: 1869: 1857:. 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Index

Cyprus problem
Decolonisation

Nicosia
Battle at Nicosia Hospital
British Cyprus
London-Zurich Agreement
Republic of Cyprus
Enosis
Taksim
Akrotiri and Dhekelia
United Kingdom
British Cyprus
Turkish Resistance Organisation
Turkey
Turkey
Special Warfare Department
MIT
EOKA
Greece
Greece
John Harding
Hugh Foot
Turkey
Rauf Denktaş
Georgios Grivas
Grigoris Afxentiou

Tassos Papadopoulos
Markos Drakos

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