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355:(1815–1865) moved to Chicago in 1849, and joined the company to take care of financial affairs. The McCormick reaper sold well, partially as a result of savvy and innovative business practices. Their products came onto the market just as the development of railroads offered wide distribution to distant markets. McCormick developed marketing and sales techniques, developing a wide network of salesmen trained to demonstrate operation of the machines in the field, as well as to get parts quickly and repair machines in the field if necessary during crucial times in the farm year.
449:, but McCormick heeded his wife's advice to rebuild, and it reopened in 1873 even as McCormick's health declined, so she took a greater role in the family's business as well as philanthropic affairs. In 1879, brother Leander changed the company's name from "Cyrus H. McCormick and Brothers" to "McCormick Harvesting Machine Company". He wanted to acknowledge the contributions of others in the family to the reaper "invention" and company, especially their father.
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1502:. He was survived by his widow, Nettie, who continued his Christian and charitable activities, within the United States and abroad, between 1890 and her death in 1923, donating $ 8 million (over $ 160 million in modern equivalents) to hospitals, disaster and relief agencies, churches, youth activities and educational institutions, and becoming the leading benefactress of Presbyterian Church activities in that era.
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Numerous prizes and medals were awarded McCormick for his reaper, which reduced human labor on farms while increasing productivity. Thus, it contributed to the industrialization of agriculture as well as migration of labor to cities in numerous wheat-growing countries (36 by McCormick's death). The
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In 1856, McCormick's factory was producing more than 4000 reapers each year, mostly sold in the
Midwest and West. In 1861, however, Hussey's patent was extended but McCormick's was not. McCormick's outspoken opposition to Lincoln and the anti-slavery Republican party may not have helped his cause.
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Using the endorsement of his father's first customer for a machine built by McPhetrich, Cyrus continually attempted to improve the design. He finally sold seven reapers in 1842, 29 in 1843, and 50 in 1844. They were all built manually in the family farm shop. He received a second patent for reaper
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in 1831. He claimed to have developed a final version of the reaper in 18 months. The young McCormick was granted a patent on the reaper on June 21, 1834, two years after having been granted a patent for a self-sharpening plow. None was sold, however, because the machine could not handle varying
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The sage of
Sinnissippi: Being a brief sketch of the life of Congressman Frank Orren Lowden, of Oregon, Illinois, brief sketches of his rivals in political battles, a short article relating to his availability as a presidential candidate for 1908, and an official and authentic account of state
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375:. After his machine successfully harvested a field of green wheat while the Hussey machine failed, he won a gold medal and was admitted to the Legion of Honor. His celebration was short-lived after he learned that he had lost a court challenge to Hussey's patent.
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McCormick also became the principal benefactor and a trustee of what had been the
Theological Seminary of the Northwest, which moved to Chicago's Lincoln Park neighborhood in 1859, a year in which he endowed four professorships. The institution was renamed
1423:. He also proposed a peace plan to include a Board of Arbitration. After the war, McCormick helped found the Mississippi Valley Society, with a mission to promote New Orleans and Mississippi ports for European trade. He also supported efforts to annex the
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almost caused the family to go into bankruptcy when a partner pulled out. In 1839 McCormick started doing more public demonstrations of the reaper, but local farmers still thought the machine was unreliable. He did sell one in 1840, but none for 1841.
467:(1835–1923). She was an orphan from New York who had graduated from the Troy Female Seminary and moved to Chicago. They had met two years earlier and shared views about business, religion and Democratic party politics. They had seven children:
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as a territory of the United States. Beginning in 1872, McCormick served a four-year term on the
Illinois Democratic Party's Central Committee. McCormick later proposed an international mechanism to control food production and distribution.
253:(1780–1846) and Mary Ann "Polly" Hall (1780–1853). As Cyrus's father saw the potential of the design for a mechanical reaper, he applied for a patent to claim it as his own invention. He worked for 28 years on a horse-drawn mechanical
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As word spread about the reaper, McCormick noticed orders arriving from farther west, where farms tended to be larger and the land flatter. While he was in
Washington, D.C. to get his 1845 patent, he heard about a factory in
422:. Lincoln did not contribute to the defense. Stanton had objected to Lincoln's presence, referring to him as "that damned long armed ape." After being elected president five years later, Lincoln selected Stanton to be his
1557:, which operates the core of the property as a free museum, and other sections as an experimental farm. A marker memorializing Cyrus McCormick's contribution to agriculture had been erected near the main house in 1928.
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of
Scotland (which had not been patented) were available in the United States in these years. The Bell machine was pushed by horses. The McCormick design was pulled by horses and cut the grain to one side of the team.
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During the last four years of his life, McCormick became an invalid, after a stroke paralyzed his legs; he was unable to walk during his final two years. He died at home in
Chicago on May 13, 1884. He was buried in
301:, where he contracted to have the machines mass-produced. He also licensed several others across the country to build the reaper, but their quality often proved poor, which hurt the product's reputation.
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Cyrus H. McCormick (1808–1883) was an industrialist and inventor of the first commercially successful reaper, a horse-drawn machine to harvest wheat. He was born at the family farm (Walnut Grove) in
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Building on his father's years of development, Cyrus took up the project aided by Jo
Anderson, an enslaved African-American man held on the McCormick plantation. A few machines based on a design of
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traits of self-denial, sobriety, thriftiness, efficiency, and morality. He believed feeding the world, made easier by the reaper, was part of his religious mission in life.
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He was, however, one of several designing engineers who produced successful models in the 1830s. His efforts built on more than two decades of work by his father
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187:(February 15, 1809 – May 13, 1884) was an American inventor and businessman who founded the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, which later became part of the
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of 1855, McCormick filed a lawsuit against Manny for patent infringement. McCormick demanded that Manny stop producing reapers, and pay McCormick $ 400,000.
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The trial, originally scheduled for
Chicago in September 1855, featured prominent lawyers on both sides. McCormick hired the former U.S. Attorney General
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were more established and prosperous. Chicago had no paved streets at the time, but the city had the best water transportation from the east over the
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elections in
Illinois, statistically, combined with a roll of honor of the nation, the state, the county, and the village, the home of the author ...
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was born July 4, 1866, married Emmons Blaine on September 26, 1889, and died February 12, 1954. Emmons was a son of the U.S. Secretary of State
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2112:"Emmons Blaine Married; His Wedding with Miss Anita M'Cormick; Many Distinguished Guests Witnessed the Ceremony at Richfield Springs Yesterday"
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1513:. Ultimately Cyrus Jr. teamed with J.P. Morgan to create the International Harvester Corporation in 1902. After Cyrus Hall McCormick Jr.,
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French government named McCormick an Officier de la Légion d'honneur in 1851, and he was elected a corresponding member of the
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in 1886, after his death, although it moved to Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood in 1975 and began sharing facilities with the
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a few months earlier. McCormick claimed he had invented his machine in 1831, but the renewal was denied. William Manning of
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on February 15, 1809. His father experimented with a design for a mechanical reaper from around the time of Cyrus' birth.
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313:(1819–1900) moved to Chicago, where they established a factory to build their machines. At the time, other cities in the
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had also received a patent for his reaper in May 1831, but at the time, Manning was evidently not defending his patent.
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became prominent residents of Chicago. McCormick has been simplistically credited as the single inventor of the
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2169:"Rich, famous, and questionably sane: when a wealthy heir's family sought help from a hospital for the insane"
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1908:"England: Closing of the Great Exhibition—The Ballon Hoax—Egyptian Railroad—Mr. McCormick's Reaping Machine"
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for his raw materials, as well as railroad connections to the farther west where his customers would be.
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For the last 20 years of his life, McCormick was a benefactor and member of the board of trustees at
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Cyrus McCormick held one of his first demonstrations of mechanical reaping at the nearby village of
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410:. Because the trial was set to take place in Illinois, Harding hired the local Illinois lawyer
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Alice McCormick was born March 15, 1870, and died less than a year later on January 25, 1871.
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in his native Virginia. His brother Leander also donated funds to build an observatory on
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in 1902. Originally from the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, he and many members of the
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3 cent U.S. postage stamps were issued in 1940 to commemorate Cyrus Hall McCormick. See
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The McCormick family also worked together in a blacksmith/metal smelting business. The
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in 1878 "as having done more for the cause of agriculture than any other living man."
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McCormick and later his widow, Nettie Day McCormick, also donated significant sums to
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and New York patent attorney Edward Nicholl Dickerson. Manny hired George Harding and
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2613:"Herbert Kellar Papers, 1817–1969 (Curator for the McCormick Historical Association)"
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2398:. U.S. Business Hall of Fame Induction year 1975. Junior Achievement. Archived from
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418:, however. Manny won the case, with an opinion by the State Supreme Court Judge
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Dominance by design: technological imperatives and America's civilizing mission
506:, and died in 1941. Edith was the youngest daughter of Standard Oil co-founder
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McCormick decided to seek help from the U.S. Congress to protect his patent.
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with a peace-now platform in 1864, and was soundly defeated by Republican
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Robert McCormick III was born October 5, 1863, and died January 6, 1865.
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Prologue: Quarterly of the National Archives and Records Administration
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On January 26, 1858, 49-year-old Cyrus McCormick married his secretary
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The Entrepreneurs: Explorations Within the American Business Tradition
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to harvest grain, but was never able to produce a reliable version.
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1978:
Reports of cases argued and decided in the circuit court, Volume 6
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In 1851, McCormick traveled to London to display a reaper at the
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2445:
The McCormick Reaper Legend: The True Story of a Great Invention
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The Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention & Innovation
2283:"Historical Benefactions Support Washington and Lee University"
2086:"Virtue, Liberty, and Independence: Cyrus and Nettie McCormick"
1451:, and his son Cyrus Jr. would become the first chairman of the
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368:; it added to the title: "with McCormick Reapers in the Van."
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The Inventive Spirit of African Americans: Patented Ingenuity
2595:. National Inventors Hall of Fame Foundation. Archived from
1726:(First ed.). New York: John Wiley & Sons. pp.
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Official leadership of the company passed to his eldest son
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Stanley Robert McCormick was born November 2, 1874, married
1792:(2nd ed.). New York: Henry Holt and Company. pp.
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In 1847, after their father's death, Cyrus and his brother
2358:, vol. 2, New York: D. Appleton, The Century Company.
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noted that a similar machine had already been patented by
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A statue of McCormick was erected on the front campus of
1403:, McCormick had published editorials in his newspapers,
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Cyrus Hall McCormick was born on February 15, 1809, in
2543:"McCormick-Guggenheim-Morton-Medill family of Illinois"
1999:
Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln
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unity. He also valued and demonstrated in his life the
249:. He was the eldest of eight children born to inventor
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McCormick-International Harvester Company Branch House
2057:. Leander McCormick Observatory Museum. Archived from
336:
When McCormick tried to renew his patent in 1848, the
2465:"Cyrus Hall McCormick : From Farm Boy to Tycoon"
1862:
Obed Hussey: Who, of All Inventors, Made Bread Cheap
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ran International Harvester. Various members of the
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19th-century American newspaper publishers (people)
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529:. Stanley McCormick's life inspired the 1998 novel
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2372:. McCormick County School District. Archived from
2055:"The McCormick Family and their Mechanical Reaper"
1996:
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1579:in the state were named for him after he bought a
2492:Farmland Innovator: A Story About Cyrus McCormick
1521:continued involvement with the corporation until
2858:List of International Harvester/Navistar engines
1974:"Cyrus H. McCormick v. John H. Manny and Others"
2571:. McCormick-Argo Tractors S.p.A. Archived from
2521:Improvement in Machines for Reaping Small Grain
2285:. Washington and Lee University. Archived from
426:where he became one of Lincoln's key advisers.
2313:. Munn & Company. 1884-05-24. p. 321.
1980:. H. W. Derby & Company. pp. 539–557.
1470:and became a leading Presbyterian periodical.
358:A company advertisement was a take-off of the
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2471:, New York: Weybright & Talley, pp.
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27:American inventor and businessman (1809–1884)
8:
1443:In 1869, McCormick donated $ 10,000 to help
1760:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 282.
637:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
361:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way
30:For his son, the American businessman, see
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2370:"History of Education in McCormick County"
1990:
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1865:. The Rochester Herald publishing Company.
1786:George Iles (1912). "Cyrus H. McCormick".
1583:in the town, formerly known as Dornsville.
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107:inventor and agricultural machinery tycoon
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3151:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
2873:International Harvester strike of 1979–80
2868:International Harvester Company Warehouse
2426:Cyrus McCormick and the Mechanical Reaper
2243:
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2138:
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657:Learn how and when to remove this message
383:Another McCormick Company competitor was
2863:List of International Harvester vehicles
2355:Cyrus Hall McCormick: Harvest, 1856-1884
2090:Liberty-virtue-independence.blogspot.com
1841:, Chicago: A. C. McClurg & Company,
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445:In 1871, the factory burned down in the
3156:People from Rockbridge County, Virginia
3126:Burials at Graceland Cemetery (Chicago)
3116:American people of Scotch-Irish descent
2640:Explore McCormick County South Carolina
1838:Cyrus Hall McCormick: His Life and Work
1749:
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521:(1875–1967), and died January 19, 1947.
3161:Washington and Lee University trustees
2251:Cyrus Hall McCormick His Life and Work
1940:"Lincoln and the McCormick-Manny Case"
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1586:1975, McCormick was inducted into the
1438:Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago
1723:Greatest Business Stories of All Time
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1417:Illinois's 2nd congressional district
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635:adding citations to reliable sources
117:McCormick Harvesting Machine Company
2523:: Cyrus H. McCormick, June 21, 1834
2352:Hutchinson, William Thomas (1935),
1938:Sarah-Eva Carlson (February 1995).
1384:McCormick had always been a devout
3141:Recipients of the Legion of Honour
2792:International Harvester Travelette
2782:International Harvester Auto-Buggy
2624:McCormick Family Financial Records
1982:U.S. District Court of Ohio record
1674:McCormick, Cyrus Hall III (1931),
395:beat the McCormick version at the
293:improvements on January 31, 1845.
25:
3096:19th-century American journalists
2812:International Harvester Payhauler
2787:International Harvester Travelall
2226:Press of J.A. Nolen. p. 211
1545:holds Cyrus McCormick's papers.
1399:A lifelong Democrat, before the
607:
542:Cyrus McCormick was an uncle of
174:
3091:19th-century American inventors
2248:Casson, Herbert Newton (2005).
2003:. Simon and Schuster. pp.
1835:Casson, Herbert Newton (1909),
1595:Famous Americans Series of 1940
512:Laura Celestia "Cettie" Spelman
379:Legal controversies and success
189:International Harvester Company
2447:, New York: Exposition Press,
2428:, Morgan Reynolds Publishing,
2167:Miriam Kleiman (Summer 2007).
1859:Follet L. Greeno, ed. (1912).
1754:Patricia Carter Sluby (2004).
1434:McCormick Theological Seminary
502:was born May 2, 1872, married
222:force to market his products.
1:
2029:"The McCormick Reaper Patent"
1995:Doris Kearns Goodwin (2005).
1562:Washington and Lee University
1475:Washington and Lee University
596:McCormick Chicago family tree
2775:International Harvester 1066
2490:Welch, Catherine A. (2007),
2254:. Cosimo, Inc. p. 167.
1622:Wisconsin Historical Society
1543:Wisconsin Historical Society
3131:Businesspeople from Chicago
3106:American anti-war activists
3034:William Sanderson McCormick
2969:Edith Rockefeller McCormick
2944:William McCormick Blair Jr.
2770:International Harvester 660
2765:International Harvester 650
2760:International Harvester 600
2747:Case IH axial-flow combines
2529:on Antique Farming web site
2219:Ostewig, Kinnie A. (1907).
2152:. L.J. McCormick. pp.
2149:Family record and biography
1632:Rockbridge County, Virginia
1590:U.S. Business Hall of Fame.
1352:William McCormick Blair Jr.
1230:William McCormick Blair Sr.
1212:Robert Rutherford McCormick
872:William Sanderson McCormick
560:William McCormick Blair Jr.
556:Robert Rutherford McCormick
280:Sketch of 1845 model reaper
3177:
3019:Robert Sanderson McCormick
2807:M425 and 426 tractor truck
2797:McCormick-Deering W series
1789:Leading American Inventors
1536:French Academy of Sciences
1089:Leander Hamilton McCormick
1064:Robert Sanderson McCormick
558:; and great-granduncle of
544:Robert Sanderson McCormick
525:Mary and Stanley both had
456:
29:
3111:American male journalists
3029:William Grigsby McCormick
2690:Deering Harvester Company
2424:Aldrich, Lisa A. (2002),
2325:"Cyrus H. McCormick Dead"
1944:Illinois History Magazine
1677:The Century of the Reaper
1573:McCormick, South Carolina
1388:, as well as advocate of
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1221:Chauncey Brooks McCormick
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709:
414:. The trial was moved to
373:Crystal Palace Exhibition
239:National Portrait Gallery
173:
133:(m. 1858–1884; his death)
45:
2756:International Harvester
1884:Harvard University Press
1507:Cyrus Hall McCormick Jr.
1081:Anna Reubenia McCormick
1037:Cyrus Hall McCormick Jr.
854:Cyrus Hall McCormick Sr.
508:John Davison Rockefeller
472:Cyrus Hall McCormick Jr.
315:midwestern United States
270:Steeles Tavern, Virginia
2974:Harold Fowler McCormick
2676:International Harvester
2548:The Political Graveyard
2443:Lyons, Norbert (1955),
1652:Richmond Times-Dispatch
1515:Harold Fowler McCormick
1466:, which he renamed the
1194:Joseph Medill McCormick
1055:Harold Fowler McCormick
892:Leander James McCormick
552:Joseph Medill McCormick
500:Harold Fowler McCormick
478:Mary Virginia McCormick
435:reaper and twine binder
3121:American Presbyterians
3004:Nancy Fowler McCormick
2979:Hope Baldwin McCormick
2934:Anita McCormick Blaine
2589:"Cyrus Hall McCormick"
1811:"Cyrus Hall Mccormick"
1628:on September 5, 2007.
1618:"Cyrus Hall McCormick"
1483:University of Virginia
1046:Anita McCormick Blaine
474:was born May 16, 1859.
438:
346:Plainfield, New Jersey
281:
242:
237:portrait, held by the
2994:L. Hamilton McCormick
1876:Michael Adas (2006).
1720:Staff (August 1997).
1487:McCormick Observatory
1453:Moody Bible Institute
480:was born May 5, 1861.
465:Nancy "Nettie" Fowler
432:
279:
233:
226:Early life and career
3055:Cyrus McCormick Farm
3024:Ruth Hanna McCormick
2999:Leander J. McCormick
2726:Leander J. McCormick
2575:on December 16, 2012
2533:Cyrus Hall McCormick
2402:on December 16, 2010
2396:"Cyrus H. McCormick"
2376:on February 27, 2011
2289:on February 18, 2012
2191:T. Coraghessan Boyle
2144:Leander J. McCormick
2121:. September 27, 1889
1680:, Houghton Mifflin,
1551:Cyrus McCormick Farm
1525:, who died in 2006.
1493:Later life and death
704:Robert McCormick Jr.
631:improve this section
537:T. Coraghessan Boyle
453:Family relationships
351:McCormick's brother
327:Milwaukee, Wisconsin
251:Robert McCormick Jr.
235:Cyrus Hall McCormick
204:Robert McCormick Jr.
185:Cyrus Hall McCormick
150:Robert McCormick Jr.
59:Cyrus Hall McCormick
3014:Robert R. McCormick
2989:Katharine McCormick
2984:Joseph M. McCormick
2964:Cyrus McCormick Jr.
2821:Former subsidiaries
2310:Scientific American
1566:Lexington, Virginia
323:St. Louis, Missouri
299:Brockport, New York
241:in Washington, D.C.
119:Co-designer of the
32:Cyrus McCormick Jr.
3136:Illinois Democrats
2954:Chauncey McCormick
2731:Benjamin H. Warder
2629:2011-01-06 at the
2555:on January 1, 2011
2332:The New York Times
2119:The New York Times
2092:. 22 November 2011
2033:The New York Times
1919:. November 5, 1851
1916:The New York Times
1588:Junior Achievement
1500:Graceland Cemetery
1481:, operated by the
1425:Dominican Republic
1401:American Civil War
510:and schoolteacher
447:Great Chicago Fire
439:
389:Rockford, Illinois
338:U.S. Patent Office
282:
243:
98:Graceland Cemetery
18:Cyrus H. McCormick
3068:
3067:
2886:
2885:
2599:on April 11, 2011
2517:U.S. patent X8277
2199:author's web page
2014:978-0-684-82490-1
1950:on March 16, 2011
1893:978-0-674-01867-9
1767:978-0-275-96674-4
1655:. 5 February 2013
1529:Legacy and honors
1406:The Chicago Times
1377:
1376:
1365:
1364:
880:Mary Ann Grigsby
667:
666:
659:
550:); granduncle of
504:Edith Rockefeller
247:Raphine, Virginia
197:mechanical reaper
182:
181:
121:mechanical reaper
66:Raphine, Virginia
62:February 15, 1809
16:(Redirected from
3168:
3146:McCormick family
3009:Robert McCormick
2949:Brooks McCormick
2939:William M. Blair
2920:McCormick family
2913:
2906:
2899:
2890:
2843:Related articles
2669:
2662:
2655:
2646:
2635:Newberry Library
2620:
2608:
2606:
2604:
2593:Inventor profile
2584:
2582:
2580:
2564:
2562:
2560:
2551:. Archived from
2519:
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2494:, 21st Century,
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1624:. Archived from
1614:
1577:McCormick County
1523:Brooks McCormick
1519:McCormick family
1460:Tusculum College
1343:Brooks McCormick
897:
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519:Katharine Dexter
459:McCormick family
424:Secretary of War
416:Cincinnati, Ohio
408:Edwin M. Stanton
397:Paris Exposition
385:John Henry Manny
193:McCormick family
178:
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2959:Cyrus McCormick
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2816:
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2721:Cyrus McCormick
2716:William Deering
2706:Charles Deering
2694:
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1445:Dwight L. Moody
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491:James G. Blaine
487:Anita McCormick
461:
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404:Reverdy Johnson
381:
319:Cleveland, Ohio
307:
305:Move to Chicago
228:
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115:Founder of the
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2527:Farm Equipment
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2510:External links
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2501:978-0822568339
2500:
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2334:. May 14, 1884
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2035:. July 6, 1861
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1886:. p. 79.
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2569:"Our History"
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3060:Langley Park
2958:
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2683:Subsidiaries
2616:
2601:. Retrieved
2597:the original
2592:
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2573:the original
2557:. Retrieved
2553:the original
2546:
2537:Find a Grave
2520:
2491:
2468:
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2378:. Retrieved
2374:the original
2364:
2354:
2347:
2336:. Retrieved
2331:
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2309:
2303:
2293:December 31,
2291:. Retrieved
2287:the original
2277:
2267:30 September
2265:. Retrieved
2250:
2228:. Retrieved
2221:
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2204:December 29,
2202:. Retrieved
2198:
2195:"Riven Rock"
2185:
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2118:
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2089:
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2059:the original
2049:
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2032:
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1954:December 26,
1952:. Retrieved
1948:the original
1943:
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1914:
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1711:Daniel Gross
1676:
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1650:
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1626:the original
1571:The town of
1540:
1532:
1504:
1496:
1472:
1467:
1463:
1457:
1442:
1430:
1410:
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1383:
1371:
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853:
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653:
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629:Please help
617:
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393:Manny Reaper
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295:
291:
283:
273:conditions.
267:
262:Patrick Bell
259:
244:
234:
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184:
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131:Nancy Fowler
116:
79:(1884-05-13)
77:May 13, 1884
3086:1884 deaths
3081:1809 births
2603:January 10,
2579:January 10,
2179:(2): 38–47.
2096:14 December
2039:January 18,
1970:John McLean
1923:January 18,
1820:14 December
1355:(1916–2015)
1346:(1917–2006)
1337:(1919-1993)
1324:(1921-2013)
1233:(1884–1982)
1224:(1884–1954)
1215:(1880–1955)
1206:(1880–1944)
1197:(1877–1925)
1092:(1859–1934)
1083:(1860–1917)
1076:(1851–1941)
1067:(1849–1919)
1058:(1872–1941)
1049:(1866-1954)
1040:(1859–1936)
896:(1819–1900)
882:(1828–1878)
875:(1815–1865)
858:(1809–1884)
847:(1835–1923)
714:(1780–1853)
707:(1780–1846)
647:April 2015
420:John McLean
342:Obed Hussey
331:Great Lakes
3075:Categories
2802:M5 tractor
2559:January 1,
2338:2007-08-21
2125:January 5,
1602:References
1203:Ruth Hanna
532:Riven Rock
457:See also:
433:McCormick
317:, such as
1581:gold mine
1468:Continent
1394:Calvinist
1390:Christian
618:does not
364:mural by
216:marketing
169:Signature
158:Relatives
146:Parent(s)
84:Chicago,
2740:Products
2627:Archived
2463:(1974),
2453:55009405
2146:(1896).
1972:(1856).
1847:09028139
1718:Magazine
1686:31009940
1659:22 April
1464:Interior
1380:Activism
218:, and a
138:Children
86:Illinois
3048:Related
2851:Furthur
2752:Farmall
639:removed
624:sources
437:in 1884
353:William
311:Leander
210:, with
208:company
2927:People
2699:People
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1372:Notes:
325:; and
255:reaper
127:Spouse
88:, U.S.
68:, U.S.
2830:(33%)
2473:41–72
2328:(PDF)
2156:–304.
2115:(PDF)
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1728:24–32
1564:, at
220:sales
2605:2011
2581:2011
2561:2011
2496:ISBN
2477:ISBN
2449:LCCN
2430:ISBN
2408:2010
2382:2010
2295:2012
2269:2018
2256:ISBN
2232:2020
2206:2010
2127:2011
2098:2021
2067:2010
2041:2011
2009:ISBN
1956:2010
1925:2011
1888:ISBN
1843:LCCN
1822:2021
1762:ISBN
1732:ISBN
1690:OCLC
1682:LCCN
1661:2015
1575:and
1549:The
1541:The
1449:YMCA
1409:and
622:any
620:cite
554:and
161:See
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2853:bus
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