870:" for their disparate colored camouflage. The armor of these makeshift armored vehicles was not usually very effective because the steel plates were unevenly attached, or not thick enough, to the extent that on some occasions the "tiznaos" included mattresses as a protection measure. It also happened that sometimes, when wanting to install vehicles with thicker plates to increase protection, the maneuverability and speed of the vehicle were impaired. Due to deficiencies in armor or handling, the more improvised "tiznaos" were quickly put out of action. Those that had been built with more care and with better technical means lasted longer, some of them surviving the three years of the war.
853:
81:
652:
837:
49:
98:
472:
777:. Among the Madrid columns there were several battalions such as the "Free Spain", "Águilas de la Libertad", "Spartacus", "Mora", "Ferrer", "Orobón Fernández", "Juvenil Libertario", "Sigüenza" and "Toledo" battalions, which were fighting in both locations. In addition individual cenetistas would often integrate other republican columns, such as the
432:
The scope of action of each defense group was a very precise demarcation within each neighborhood, indicated on a map. The neighborhood defense committee coordinated all these defense cadres, and received a monthly report from each of the group secretaries. The defense committees were also organized
467:
Volunteers in these militias declined to wear uniforms, give the military echelon a salute, and perform other formal military duties. The officers, elected, could quickly succeed one another at the head of a group and the men felt they had the right to discuss the orders and only apply them if they
816:
the CNT was a minority force. But just as had happened in Madrid they saw a spectacular growth as a result of the war. Despite having less than 3,000 members in May 1936, in a few months it has 35,000 members and at the end of 1936 it mobilized around 6,000 militiamen. Its battalions included the
878:
The assembly organization of the militias had numerous problems, since lack of discipline was frequent, as well as riots and desertions. In the toughest battles, where the nationalist armies proved to possess more and better means, routing was not uncommon. Situations like this forced military
382:
There can be no revolution without preparation. We have to put an end to the prejudice in favor of improvisation. This error, involving confidence in the creative instinct of the masses, has caused us to pay a heavy price. We cannot obtain by means of a process of spontaneous generation the
428:
To that ideal figure of six, one more member could be added to cover “high-profile” tasks. The clandestinity of the group had to be absolute. They were the basic nucleus of a revolutionary armed force, capable of mobilizing larger secondary groups, and these, in turn, the entire people.
882:
According to a report of the "Peninsular
Committee of the FAI" of 30 September 1938 - quoted by José Peirats - the percentage of anarchists and confederalists in the Republican Army was 33% (about 150,000 soldiers of about 450,000 soldiers republicans). The
832:
the CNT forces were initially a part of the mixed battalions. However, some CNT battalions were also formed, such as the "Liberty
Battalion" and the "CNT-FAI Battalion." Most of the anarchists in the city, curiously, were affiliated to the UGT unions.
1789:
571:
A war committee advised by a military-technical council coordinated the column's operations. At the head of the war committee was the general delegate of the column. All the delegates of all ranks lacked privileges and hierarchical command.
567:
autonomous groups, as well as guerrilla groups that were on missions behind enemy lines. These combat units were flexible, being able to vary the number of militiamen framed within them and the number of smaller units that make them up.
506:
columns were formed as conglomerates grouping together various regular military or civilian forces and services on a modest scale. The columns, due to their mobility and autonomy, constituted a basic form of organization for the
800:
were created, the CNT was assigned much fewer commanders than was proportional to their numbers. Many times out of rejection of militarism, libertarians renounced taking control of battalions, giving way to the imposition of
931:
divisions had anarchist commanders. Anarchists also had command of 2 army corps. Despite appearing to be important figures, in reality there was a clear under-representation of anarchists in the republican army.
1195:
González
Calleja, Eduardo (1991). "Paramilitarització i violencia politica a l'Espanya del primer terc de segle: el requeté tradicionalista (1900-1936)" (in Catalan). No. 147. Revista de Girona. p. 74.
865:
Due to the shortage of combat means and materials, heavy vehicles such as trucks, buses or agricultural machinery were reinforced with steel plates of different thicknesses. They began to be informally known as
331:
that were financed by and subordinate to the unions. The essential functions of the defense committees were twofold: arms and administration. These committees were a reorganization and expansion of different
943:. These communes were a source of support in the rear for the militias, in addition to probably representing the closest approach to the ideal of anarchist life that had been fought for in Spain since the
1747:
526:, which had governed Valencia in the days after the uprising. The board ignored the warnings of the UGT and CNT and sent a column of about 500 civil guards and about 200 volunteer militiamen to
879:
leaders to be vigilant of their soldiers, having in many cases to take the lead in the attacks if they wanted to be followed, so many of the most capable characters fell in the front.
441:
530:. When they neared the city, the civil guard executed the militiamen and defected to the Nationalists, establishing a military base in Teruel during the first days of the war.
502:(1701 - 1715) and the guerrilla war on the Portuguese-Extremadura border between 1641 and 1668 were able be early examples of the use of columns in armed conflict. During the
307:(FAI). The CNT militias replaced clandestine defense committees instituted earlier. As the war progressed, the militias were progressively dissolved and assimilated into the
1309:
1270:
1231:
1794:
538:" of twenty-five people was the simplest combat unit. The soldiers themselves chose a delegate, dismissable at any time, responsible for representing them.
1784:
1097:
Antoine Giménez and the
Gymnologists, "Of love, war and revolution" followed by "In search of the children of the night", Logroño, Pumpkin seeds, 2009.
383:
indispensable means necessary for waging war on a State that has experience, heavy weaponry, and a greater capacity for offensive and defensive combat.
378:
In
October 1934, the CNT Defense Committees abandoned the old affinity group tactic in favor of serious and methodical revolutionary preparation:
352:
387:
The basic defense group had to be small in order to facilitate its secrecy. It had to be made up of six militants, with very specific functions:
1596:
802:
1154:
1427:
1164:
1112:
1067:
1037:
989:
328:
300:
1471:
1364:
969:
304:
1346:
940:
1293:
1254:
1215:
1010:
852:
1757:
796:
militias had around 10,000 militiamen in
September. About a third, anarchists. However, when the fifths were recruited and the
368:
1763:
1700:
1627:
433:
at the regional and national level, due to the importance of communications and coordination in a revolutionary insurrection.
1503:
1779:
634:
782:
564:
523:
1539:
968:
The "Uncontrollable" Iron Column, March 1937, bilingual
Spanish / French edition, editions Champ Libre, Paris, 1979.
979:
243:
1751:
1402:
1078:
499:
226:
1672:
1087:
822:
806:
348:
267:
195:
1398:
1074:
610:
542:
535:
461:
449:
308:
250:
111:
86:
1677:
944:
818:
616:
1059:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
1100:
552:" was composed of five centuries, that is to say five hundred people, and had its own elected delegate;
231:
1247:
Contrarrevolucionarios. Radicalización violenta de las derechas durante la
Segunda República 1931-1936
935:
The militias helped and promoted the formation of communes in the towns through which they passed. In
884:
604:
185:
778:
400:, in charge of assessing the danger posed by enemies, such as priests, the military, and pistoleros.
1557:
Jackson, Hunter (September 2009). "Durruti in the
Spanish Revolution By Abel Paz and Chuck Morse".
994:
974:
1303:
1264:
1225:
556:
489:
445:
296:
164:
1478:
1368:
1714:
1705:
1641:
1632:
1605:
1576:
1423:
1342:
1289:
1250:
1211:
1160:
1108:
1063:
1033:
1006:
985:
324:
292:
255:
168:
1568:
1350:
1015:
829:
592:
545:” was composed of four groups, that is to say one hundred people, with a century delegate;
437:
333:
221:
1117:
939:
450 agricultural communes made up of 423,000 people, were formed and integrated into the
1442:
1041:
956:
786:
580:
559:" was the sum of the existing groupings. A general delegate of each column was elected.
503:
337:
312:
214:
209:
180:
1461:
César M. Lorenzo, Spanish anarchists and power, 1868 -1969, Iberian Ring. Paris, 1969.
1773:
1572:
785:
even organized up to 23,000 militiamen in
December 1936, rivaling the numbers of the
628:
622:
586:
508:
272:
202:
1018:, "The Great Deception: The Left and its struggle for power in the Republican zone."
1722:
1701:"Rev. of The Story of the Iron Column: Militant Anarchism in the Spanish Civil War"
1649:
1623:
1367:(in Spanish). Charitable Society of Amateur Historians and Creators. Archived from
651:
640:
476:
341:
262:
131:
836:
394:, in charge of contacting other cadres, creating new groups and preparing reports.
1507:
406:, in charge of drafting up blueprints and the preparation of statistical reports.
982:, the upright anarchist. Life and work of the founder of the Heroic Iron Column
598:
471:
364:
238:
1559:
797:
774:
495:
347:
In 1934, other factions began to organize their own clandestine militias. The
97:
48:
1718:
1645:
1609:
1580:
845:
793:
549:
412:, in charge of determining strategic points and tactics for street fighting.
17:
1790:
Military units and formations of the Spanish Civil War (Republican faction)
936:
418:, in charge of studying public services: electricity, water, gas, sewerage.
1543:
1758:
Interpretive Commentary of the Plenary of Confederate Militia and Columns
1055:
1052:
The Story of the Iron Column: Militant Anarchism in the Spanish Civil War
1047:
1029:
1021:
773:
In other areas the form of organization of the militias took that of the
515:
356:
1182:
Fact and Fiction: Representations of the Asturian Revolution (1934-1938)
327:
is in the Defense Committees, clandestine military organizations of the
841:
813:
453:
288:
121:
101:
1000:
527:
424:, in charge of determining where to obtain arms, money and supplies.
851:
835:
650:
367:
structure, detached from local Carlist juntas. The newly founded
1529:
José Peirats, The CNT in the Spanish Revolution, Toulouse, 1952.
457:
444:. However, the defense committees were reactivated during the
436:
The Defense Committees were replaced, in August 1936, by the
522:, at that moment in a power dispute with the UGT-CNT's
1092:
The short summer of anarchy. Durruti's life and death
442:
Central Committee of Antifascist Militias of Catalonia
261:
249:
237:
220:
201:
191:
179:
174:
160:
145:
137:
127:
117:
107:
92:
74:
66:
58:
34:
856:Woman with a rifle near a cannon, Barcelona, 1936.
363:, in an attempt to create a hierarchical national
380:
781:which had numerous cenetistas. The CNT of the
1447:The People's Army of the Republic, 1936-1939
1404:Revolution and Counterrevolution in Catalunya
1080:Revolution and counterrevolution in Catalonia
8:
1594:"Durruti en la Revolución española (Book)".
1382:CNT: from July to July: a year of struggle.
1673:"Review: Durruti in the Spanish Revolution"
1628:"Rev. of Durruti in the Spanish Revolution"
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1138:
999:The revolution betrayed. The true story of
311:, in spite of many militiamen refusing the
27:Militia formed during the Spanish Civil War
1457:
1455:
1341:, Presses Universitaires du Mirail, 2003,
1325:The 'Red Terror' and the Spanish Civil War
1308:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1269:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1230:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
47:
1748:Militias and military unit confederations
1327:. Cambridge University Press. p. 27.
470:
1134:
1105:The CNT Defense Committees (1933-1938)
353:Antifascist Worker and Peasant Militias
1597:International Review of Social History
1301:
1262:
1223:
1156:The CNT Defense Committees (1933-1938)
1107:, Barcelona, Aldarull Edicions, 2011.
323:The origin of the CNT militias in the
31:
1286:Carlism and Crisis in Spain 1931-1939
1208:Carlism and Crisis in Spain 1931-1939
7:
1005:, Editorial virus, Barcelona, 2003.
984:, Editorial virus, Barcelona, 2009.
970:La Columna de Hierro y la Revolución
1795:Anti-fascist organisations in Spain
1733:– via Book Review Index Plus.
1660:– via Book Review Index Plus.
1339:The words of the Spanish Civil War
1249:(in Spanish). Madrid. p. 193.
460:, in a dispute over the control of
371:also formed their own militia, the
41:Milicias confederales de la CNT-FAI
1245:González Calleja, Eduardo (2011).
1122:The CNT in the Spanish Revolution
1026:Durruti in the Spanish Revolution
25:
1785:Defunct anarchist militant groups
1420:Durruti in the Spanish Revolution
340:, who fought against the bosses'
1573:10.1111/j.1743-4580.2009.00254.x
1184:. Maney Publishing. p. 246.
1159:. Barcelona: Aldarull Editions.
518:at the behest of the republic's
440:acting under the command of the
96:
79:
1764:The Spanish Revolution, 1936-39
1542:. 29 April 2006. Archived from
361:Frente Nacional de Boinas Rojas
301:National Confederation of Labor
1750:, in the Virtual Athenaeum of
1:
1506:. 24 May 2006. Archived from
1070:. Translated by Paul Sharkey.
656:
1094:, Barcelona, Anagrama, 1998.
635:Andalusia-Extremadura Column
369:Falange Española de las JONS
305:Iberian Anarchist Federation
1540:"Guerra Civil y Revolución"
1153:Guillamón, Agustín (2011).
524:Popular Executive Committee
504:Spanish War of Independence
1811:
1388:published on 19 July 1937.
1288:. Cambridge. p. 208.
1284:Blinkhorn, Martin (2008).
1210:. Cambridge. p. 136.
1206:Blinkhorn, Martin (2008).
1003:and Los Amigos de Durruti
874:Militarization of militias
563:Columns also consisted of
520:Delegated Government Board
487:
319:The CNT Defense Committees
297:Spanish anarchist movement
715:
659:
575:Famous columns include:
500:War of Spanish Succession
46:
39:
1384:Extraordinary number of
1088:Hans Magnus Enzensberger
823:Sacco-Vanzetti Battalion
655:Regional map of the CNT
514:One column organized in
268:Francisco del Rosal Rico
1604:(2): 335. August 1997.
1180:Sanchez, Sarah (2003).
611:Land and Freedom Column
462:Revolutionary Catalonia
344:between 1917 and 1923.
309:Spanish Republican Army
251:Land and Freedom Column
207:Cristóbal Alvaldetrecu,
112:Spanish Republican Army
1407:. Barcelona: Tusquets.
1083:. Barcelona: Tusquets.
945:First Spanish Republic
857:
849:
819:Isaac Puente Battalion
765:
617:Torres-Benedito Column
480:
385:
227:Miguel García Vivancos
1323:Ruiz, Julius (2014).
1060:Kate Sharpley Library
855:
839:
654:
474:
404:Building Investigator
398:Personal Investigator
196:Antonio Ortiz Ramírez
1699:Pinta, Saku (2014).
1671:Alexander, Richard.
1399:Carlos Semprún Maura
1337:François Godicheau,
1075:Carlos Semprún Maura
980:José Pellicer Gandía
809:commanders on them.
605:Red and Black Column
244:José Pellicer Gandía
186:Buenaventura Durruti
1780:Confederal militias
1652:on October 17, 2017
702:Catalonia-Balearics
468:were in agreement.
287:were a movement of
285:confederal militias
53:Flag of the CNT-FAI
1484:on 13 January 2012
1418:Paz, Abel (2006).
1365:"The Popular Army"
1363:Blacksmith, Mike.
858:
850:
840:Milicianas of the
766:
647:The CNT battalions
498:guerrillas of the
490:Column (formation)
481:
446:Barcelona May Days
232:Juan García Oliver
165:Revolution of 1934
35:Confederal Militia
1752:To the barricades
1706:Anarchist Studies
1633:Anarchist Studies
1546:on 29 April 2006.
1520:César M. Lorenzo.
1429:978-1-904859-50-5
1166:978-84-93853-84-6
1124:, Toulouse, 1952.
1113:978-84-938538-4-6
1101:Agustín Guillamón
1068:978-1-84935-064-8
1038:978-1-904859-50-5
990:978-84-92559-02-2
941:Council of Aragon
764:
763:
452:clashed with the
325:Spanish Civil War
295:organized by the
293:Spanish Civil War
278:
277:
256:Germinal de Souza
192:South Ebro Column
169:Spanish Civil War
16:(Redirected from
1802:
1760:, by Frank Mintz
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1725:on July 14, 2020
1721:. Archived from
1696:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1648:. Archived from
1620:
1614:
1613:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1554:
1548:
1547:
1536:
1530:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1483:
1477:. Archived from
1476:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1450:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1415:
1409:
1408:
1395:
1389:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1371:on 20 July 2016.
1360:
1354:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1307:
1299:
1281:
1275:
1274:
1268:
1260:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1229:
1221:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1150:
1084:
1040:. Translated by
1016:Burnett Bolloten
755:
746:
737:
728:
719:
708:
699:
690:
681:
672:
663:
657:
565:internationalist
450:Spanish Republic
289:people's militia
156:
152:
122:People's Militia
100:
87:Spanish Republic
85:
83:
82:
51:
32:
21:
1810:
1809:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1799:
1770:
1769:
1766:at Anarchy Now!
1744:
1739:
1738:
1728:
1726:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1683:
1681:
1670:
1669:
1665:
1655:
1653:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1556:
1555:
1551:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1524:
1519:
1515:
1510:on 24 May 2006.
1502:
1501:
1497:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1453:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1417:
1416:
1412:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1380:
1376:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1336:
1332:
1322:
1321:
1317:
1300:
1296:
1283:
1282:
1278:
1261:
1257:
1244:
1243:
1239:
1222:
1218:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1152:
1151:
1136:
1131:
1073:
965:
953:
876:
863:
771:
760:
753:
751:
744:
742:
735:
733:
726:
724:
717:
713:
706:
704:
697:
695:
688:
686:
679:
677:
675:Aragon-La Rioja
670:
668:
661:
649:
593:Harriers Column
492:
486:
438:Control Patrols
349:Communist Party
334:affinity groups
321:
281:
271:
230:
222:Harriers Column
213:
208:
167:
154:
150:
80:
78:
54:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1808:
1806:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1772:
1771:
1768:
1767:
1761:
1755:
1743:
1742:External links
1740:
1737:
1736:
1691:
1663:
1615:
1586:
1567:(3): 526–529.
1549:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1495:
1463:
1451:
1449:, Critical Ed.
1443:Michael Alpert
1435:
1428:
1410:
1390:
1386:Fragua Social
1374:
1355:
1347:978-2858166848
1330:
1315:
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1045:
1042:Chuck W. Morse
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992:
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961:
960:
959:
957:Mujeres Libres
952:
949:
875:
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859:
787:Fifth Regiment
779:Mangada Column
770:
769:Central Fronts
767:
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693:Canary Islands
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581:Durruti Column
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338:Los Solidarios
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215:Domingo Ascaso
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1629:
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1624:Ealham, Chris
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1535:
1532:
1526:
1523:
1517:
1514:
1509:
1505:
1499:
1496:
1480:
1473:
1467:
1464:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1439:
1436:
1431:
1425:
1421:
1414:
1411:
1406:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1359:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1340:
1334:
1331:
1326:
1319:
1316:
1311:
1305:
1297:
1295:9780521207294
1291:
1287:
1280:
1277:
1272:
1266:
1258:
1256:9788420664552
1252:
1248:
1241:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1219:
1217:9780521207294
1213:
1209:
1202:
1199:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1173:
1168:
1162:
1158:
1157:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1093:
1089:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1076:
1072:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:84-96044-15-7
1008:
1004:
1002:
996:
995:Miquel Amorós
993:
991:
987:
983:
981:
976:
975:Miquel Amorós
973:
971:
967:
966:
962:
958:
955:
954:
950:
948:
946:
942:
938:
933:
930:
926:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
898:
894:
890:
886:
880:
873:
871:
869:
861:The "tiznaos"
860:
854:
847:
843:
838:
834:
831:
826:
824:
820:
815:
810:
808:
804:
799:
795:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
768:
759:
750:
741:
732:
723:
712:
703:
694:
685:
684:Asturias-León
676:
667:
658:
653:
646:
642:
638:
636:
632:
630:
629:Maroto Column
626:
624:
623:Iberia Column
620:
618:
614:
612:
608:
606:
602:
600:
596:
594:
590:
588:
587:Ascaso Column
584:
582:
578:
577:
576:
573:
569:
566:
558:
554:
551:
547:
544:
540:
537:
533:
532:
531:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
509:guerrilla war
505:
501:
497:
491:
483:
478:
473:
469:
465:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
434:
430:
423:
420:
417:
414:
411:
408:
405:
402:
399:
396:
393:
390:
389:
388:
384:
379:
376:
374:
373:Primera Línea
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
345:
343:
339:
335:
330:
326:
318:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
280:Military unit
274:
273:Cipriano Mera
269:
266:
264:
260:
257:
254:
252:
248:
245:
242:
240:
236:
233:
228:
225:
223:
219:
216:
211:
206:
204:
203:Ascaso Column
200:
197:
194:
190:
187:
184:
182:
178:
173:
170:
166:
163:
159:
148:
144:
140:
136:
133:
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
99:
95:
91:
88:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
50:
45:
42:
38:
33:
30:
19:
1727:. Retrieved
1723:the original
1710:
1704:
1694:
1682:. Retrieved
1676:
1666:
1654:. Retrieved
1650:the original
1637:
1631:
1618:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1544:the original
1534:
1525:
1516:
1508:the original
1498:
1486:. Retrieved
1479:the original
1472:"Euskomedia"
1466:
1446:
1438:
1422:. AK Press.
1419:
1413:
1403:
1393:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1369:the original
1358:
1338:
1333:
1324:
1318:
1285:
1279:
1246:
1240:
1207:
1201:
1190:
1181:
1175:
1155:
1121:
1118:José Peirats
1104:
1091:
1079:
1051:
1025:
998:
978:
963:Bibliography
934:
881:
877:
867:
864:
848:, July 1936.
827:
811:
791:
772:
757:
748:
739:
730:
721:
710:
701:
692:
683:
674:
665:
641:Rosal Column
574:
570:
562:
519:
513:
493:
477:Aragon front
466:
435:
431:
427:
422:Investigator
421:
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
386:
381:
377:
372:
360:
346:
342:pistolerismo
322:
284:
282:
263:Rosal Column
132:Home defense
40:
29:
18:CNT Militias
1684:October 16,
722:Extremadura
599:Iron Column
484:The columns
448:, when the
359:formed the
351:formed the
291:during the
239:Iron Column
161:Engagements
1774:Categories
1678:Black Flag
1560:WorkingUSA
1129:References
803:republican
798:battalions
775:battalions
488:See also:
416:Researcher
410:Researcher
336:, such as
175:Commanders
153:and Black
93:Allegiance
1719:0967-3393
1646:0967-3393
1610:0020-8590
1581:1089-7011
1304:cite book
1265:cite book
1226:cite book
846:Barcelona
830:Santander
807:communist
666:Andalusia
496:Castilian
392:Secretary
67:Disbanded
62:1934–1937
1729:June 26,
1656:June 26,
1626:(2009).
1401:(1978).
1077:(1978).
1062:, 2011.
1056:AK Press
1048:Abel Paz
1032:, 2006.
1030:AK Press
1022:Abel Paz
951:See also
821:and the
794:Asturian
550:grouping
516:Valencia
357:Carlists
1488:26 June
868:tiznaos
842:CNT-FAI
814:Euskadi
740:Levante
731:Galicia
711:Central
543:century
479:in 1936
454:CNT-FAI
365:Requeté
102:CNT-FAI
75:Country
1717:
1644:
1608:
1579:
1426:
1351:page 9
1345:
1292:
1253:
1214:
1163:
1111:
1066:
1036:
1009:
1001:Balius
988:
937:Aragón
783:Center
756:
754:
749:Murcia
747:
745:
738:
736:
729:
727:
720:
718:
709:
707:
700:
698:
691:
689:
682:
680:
673:
671:
664:
662:
557:column
528:Teruel
355:. The
299:: the
155:
151:
146:Colors
141:50,000
108:Branch
84:
59:Active
1713:(1).
1640:(1).
1504:"LOS"
1482:(PDF)
1475:(PDF)
758:North
555:The "
548:The "
541:The “
536:group
534:The "
1731:2020
1715:ISSN
1686:2017
1658:2020
1642:ISSN
1606:ISSN
1577:ISSN
1490:2020
1424:ISBN
1343:ISBN
1310:link
1290:ISBN
1271:link
1251:ISBN
1232:link
1212:ISBN
1161:ISBN
1109:ISBN
1064:ISBN
1058:and
1034:ISBN
1007:ISBN
986:ISBN
929:77th
927:and
925:71st
921:70th
917:63rd
913:54th
909:28th
905:26th
901:25th
897:24th
893:20th
889:16th
792:The
639:the
633:the
627:the
621:the
615:the
609:the
603:the
597:the
591:the
585:the
579:the
494:The
475:The
458:POUM
456:and
283:The
149:Red
138:Size
128:Role
118:Type
70:1937
1569:doi
885:5th
844:in
828:In
812:In
805:or
329:CNT
1776::
1711:22
1709:.
1703:.
1675:.
1638:17
1636:.
1630:.
1602:42
1600:.
1575:.
1565:12
1563:.
1454:^
1445:,
1349:,
1306:}}
1302:{{
1267:}}
1263:{{
1228:}}
1224:{{
1137:^
1120:,
1103:,
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923:,
919:,
915:,
911:,
907:,
903:,
899:,
895:,
891:,
887:,
825:.
789:.
511:.
464:.
375:.
315:.
1754:.
1688:.
1612:.
1583:.
1571::
1492:.
1432:.
1353:.
1312:)
1298:.
1273:)
1259:.
1234:)
1220:.
1169:.
1044:.
866:"
270:,
229:,
212:,
20:)
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