1045:
1060:
1026:
1014:
40:
863:
1372:
926:
877:
912:
898:
842:
575:
every 16 days. They cross the equator at approximately 06:00 and 18:00 local-time each day and can image any point twice each day. The satellites are phased in the same orbital plane, with COSMO-SkyMed's 1, 3, and 2 at 90° intervals followed by COSMO-SkyMed 4 at 67.5° after COSMO-SkyMed 2. The offset
675:
on 8 June 2007. COSMO-2 (COSPAR 2007-059A) was launched at 02:31:42 UTC on 9 December 2007, the launch having been delayed from 6 December 2007 due to bad weather, and problems with the rocket's cork insulation. COSMO-3 (COSPAR 2008-054A) launched at 02:28 UTC on 25 October 2008. COSMO-4 (COSPAR
988:
PINGPONG, which collects dual-polarization data at 15 m (49 ft) resolution over a swath of 30 km (19 mi). The dual-polarization data can consist of any two polarizations (HH, VV, VH, HV), and it is non-coherent, as it is collected in "pulse groups" that alternate from one
1141:
SAR payload. Furthermore, the 2nd generation satellites will operate in the same orbit (indeed, in the same orbital plane) as the first generation satellites. The 2nd generation satellites slightly outweigh the first generation satellites at 2,205 kg (4,861 lb) of mass.
1044:
1059:
532:, equipped with synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) sensors with global coverage of the planet. Observations of an area of interest can be repeated several times a day in all-weather conditions. The imagery is applied to defense and security assurance in
1025:
1013:
639:
The radar antenna is a phased array that is 1.4 × 5.7 m (4 ft 7 in × 18 ft 8 in). The system is capable of both single- and dual-polarization collection. The center frequency is 9.6
1137:. The satellites are improved versions of the first generation satellites. Also the radar payload CSG-SAR (COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation Synthetic Aperture Radar) is an improved version of the first generation
490:
1112:
To replace the first COSMO-SkyMed constellation, the
Italian Space Agency is developing the COSMO-SkyMed second generation constellation. The 2nd generation constellation has the same function of radar-based
977:
SPOTLIGHT2, which provides a resolution of 1 m (3 ft 3 in) over a 10 × 10 km (6.2 × 6.2 mi) area. Spotlight polarization is limited to either HH or VV
4878:
470:
1838:
5208:
3790:
2715:
1865:
576:
of satellite 4 allows a one-day interferometry mode for elevation information. The Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO) is used due to power (Electrical Power
Subsystem) and
5198:
1145:
The contract for building two satellites was signed in
September 2015. In December 2020, another two satellites were ordered. The satellites are built by
5009:
5005:
4986:
4840:
4488:
4412:
4293:
3646:
3578:
3574:
4509:
5213:
1518:
966:
ScanSAR, a low-resolution mode that creates extra-wide swaths by collecting short segments at different ranges and then mosaicking them together
3783:
2708:
1858:
1286:
1260:
1066:
1051:
4203:
4159:
3137:
3081:
1270:
5183:
5178:
2192:
1441:
1684:
960:
Spotlight, a high-resolution mode collected over a small area by steering the radar beam slightly fore-to-aft during the collection period
505:
in the early nineties. The synthetic-aperture radar was developed starting in the late nineties with the SAR 2000 program funded by ASI.
963:
Stripmap, a medium-resolution mode collected over long, continuous swaths in which the beam is pointed broadside to the satellite track
5099:
4368:
4364:
4336:
2658:
2486:
2182:
1290:
1256:
1170:
1088:(80%) and the Italian Space Agency (ASI) (20%), has the exclusive worldwide commercial rights to sell COSMO-SkyMed data and products.
5218:
5203:
3776:
3145:
2701:
1851:
803:
774:
745:
716:
5161:
are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
3761:
are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
2686:
are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).
1544:
3522:
985:
HIMAGE, which provides a resolution of between 3 and 5 m (9.8 and 16.4 ft) over a swath of 40 km (25 mi), and
3482:
1101:
1614:
1576:
4818:
1594:
2377:
1104:, the flares are often long-lasting, with the satellites traversing much of the sky at brighter-than-average magnitudes.
1100:, sometimes approaching magnitude −3. Flares come mainly from SAR-panels of the satellites. Although overshadowed by the
5193:
4299:
3150:
1225:
5156:
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
3756:
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
2681:
Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).
4933:
4925:
4504:
1823:
1655:
799:
770:
741:
712:
664:
577:
494:
474:
463:
301:
87:
508:
The space segment of the system includes four identical medium-sized 1,700 kg (3,700 lb) satellites called
4993:
4725:
3726:
3653:
3088:
2209:
1997:
1986:
1975:
1947:
1342:
1312:
1245:
On 18 January 2021, COSMO-SkyMed Second
Generation-1 (CSG-1) became operational with the first of four satellites.
1192:
686:
672:
233:
5083:
4945:
3680:
3673:
3569:
3562:
3543:
3477:
3128:
3059:
3029:
2845:
2614:
1483:
605:
667:. Satellite processing for the first two satellites was handled by the Astrotech Space Operations subsidiary of
3723:
1937:
1416:
997:
WIDEREGION, which provides 30 m (98 ft) resolution data over a swath of 100 km (62 mi), and
498:
1000:
HUGEREGION, which provides 100 m (330 ft) resolution data over a swath of 200 km (120 mi).
5123:
5119:
3271:
2135:
1466:
1166:
486:
2618:
571:
is 06:00. The operating life of each satellite is estimated to be 5 years. Each satellite repeats the same
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4691:
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3945:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3451:
3174:
3114:
2905:
2801:
656:
537:
4304:
4124:
3896:
3836:
3310:
2835:
2553:
2119:
2049:
668:
622:
549:
366:
152:
3359:
4752:
4636:
4108:
3497:
2608:
2604:
2600:
2395:
2391:
2109:
478:
291:
77:
3415:
1081:
4742:
3815:
3804:
3800:
3487:
3385:
3354:
3019:
2922:
2911:
2740:
2729:
2725:
2467:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2447:
2310:
1941:
1890:
1879:
1875:
1338:
1308:
1221:
1158:
1150:
1146:
1118:
850:
588:
556:
482:
271:
57:
3344:
3340:
3243:
2477:
1121:
as the 1st generation. Like the 1st generation, the 2nd generation also consists of 4 satellites,
5140:
5129:
5094:
5079:
5075:
5070:
5066:
5051:
4897:
4893:
4797:
4717:
4670:
4666:
4662:
4645:
4641:
4312:
4154:
4069:
3934:
3710:
3517:
3411:
3394:
3349:
3238:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3133:
2887:
2854:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2522:
2442:
2354:
2213:
2143:
2082:
2067:
1377:
3289:
2916:
2622:
2325:
2156:
1388:, two Argentine SAR-satellites that are part of the SIASGE constellation alongside COSMO-SkyMed.
481:(ASI), intended for both military and civilian use. The prime contractor for the spacecraft was
3593:
3473:
3438:
3421:
3336:
2966:
2789:
2569:
2273:
2147:
1114:
466:
304:
90:
3390:
3320:
2481:
2400:
2285:
2113:
5145:
5061:
4854:
2187:
2131:
2127:
1910:
1265:
1162:
3364:
2630:
2626:
2217:
1710:
1630:
4802:
4746:
4166:
2991:
2926:
1827:
1732:
1618:
1282:
1097:
626:
502:
1798:
4786:
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4010:
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3636:
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2472:
2372:
2248:
2087:
1926:
1843:
1551:
885:
829:
633:
599:
564:
1153:). They have a planned lifetime of 7 years. CSG-1 was launched on 18 December 2019 by
5172:
4975:
4937:
4701:
4438:
4197:
3916:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3616:
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3045:
2783:
2436:
2290:
1347:
1317:
1174:
334:
120:
1776:
1754:
4864:
4632:
4243:
4140:
4015:
3928:
3924:
3888:
3629:
3622:
3513:
3002:
2980:
2960:
2805:
2795:
2760:
2652:
2223:
2037:
2020:
1611:
572:
2421:
1835:– Italian SME with specific know-how and expertise with COSMO-SkyMed's HDF5 format
1281:
On 31 January 2022, SpaceX launched COSMO-SkyMed Second
Generation FM2 mission to
39:
1504:
4999:
4921:
4626:
4433:
4358:
4136:
4128:
4096:
3989:
3892:
3445:
3433:
3374:
3255:
3120:
3007:
2932:
2899:
2778:
2774:
2579:
2531:
2405:
2367:
2363:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2306:
2269:
2264:
2139:
1990:
1979:
1968:
1952:
1598:
552:
5108:
5104:
5015:
4953:
4949:
4888:
4868:
4442:
4264:
3904:
3658:
3588:
3528:
2997:
2850:
2819:
2502:
2239:
1905:
1367:
1085:
4990:
4969:
4913:
4722:
4713:
4686:
4523:
4416:
4332:
3920:
3731:
3686:
3650:
3249:
3206:
3168:
3162:
3156:
3093:
3085:
3013:
2954:
2864:
2055:
1994:
1983:
1972:
948:
are involved respectively in the civil and military segments of the system.
941:
868:
629:
1820:
1659:
1815:
1733:"Falcon 9 finally launches with Italian CSG-2 Earth observation satellite"
671:. The first satellite COSMO-1 (COSPAR 2007-023A) was launched at 02:34:00
314:
100:
5134:
5113:
4965:
4959:
4929:
4917:
4883:
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4707:
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3179:
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3064:
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2892:
2755:
2574:
2517:
2359:
2281:
2243:
2229:
2198:
2177:
2152:
1685:"E-GEOS to Create Early Warning System for Caribbean Weather Emergencies"
1391:
808:
779:
750:
721:
660:
560:
460:
COnstellation of small
Satellites for the Mediterranean basin Observation
5046:
5042:
4907:
4874:
4738:
4734:
4730:
4539:
4535:
4328:
4308:
4269:
4252:
4248:
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4057:
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4037:
4019:
3909:
3900:
3745:
3740:
3718:
3714:
3700:
3663:
3641:
3554:
3325:
3219:
3109:
2973:
2841:
2814:
2810:
2766:
2664:
2583:
2565:
2559:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2526:
2507:
2430:
2426:
2382:
2320:
2277:
2204:
2161:
2104:
2072:
2044:
2002:
1932:
1839:
Remote
Monitoring of Migrants Vessels in the Mediterranean Sea (CeMiSS)
1395:
1294:
1230:
1154:
1004:
The system is sized to collect up to 450 images per satellite per day.
956:
The COSMO-SkyMed satellites have three basic types of imaging modes:
618:
568:
227:
17:
1487:
5088:
5036:
5031:
4980:
4902:
4774:
4757:
4656:
4597:
4586:
4551:
4519:
4514:
4471:
4385:
4380:
4090:
4001:
3995:
3691:
3677:
3670:
3600:
3566:
3559:
3540:
3535:
3468:
3427:
3283:
3125:
3069:
3026:
2949:
2870:
2670:
2387:
2315:
2234:
2123:
2061:
2015:
2011:
2007:
1467:"COSMO-SkyMed: Mission definition and main applications and products"
1385:
1234:
1173:, while the CSG-3 satellite is scheduled to be launched in 2024 on a
1138:
1032:
945:
931:
882:
612:
1832:
4941:
4320:
4132:
4005:
3957:
3949:
3868:
3864:
3706:
3214:
3210:
3051:
2770:
2077:
1505:"SPACEHAB Subsidiary Signs New Contracts Totaling US$ 4.7 million"
1036:
917:
903:
847:
645:
641:
533:
491:
Intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance
281:
67:
4185:
4181:
3330:
3316:
1084:, a joint venture between European spaceflight services company
596:
592:
356:
142:
3772:
2697:
1847:
1612:
NASA Spaceflight.com – Delta II launches with COSMO-SkyMed-2
1096:
The COSMO-SkyMed satellites are lesser-known deliverers of
1519:"COSMO-SkyMed Mission and Products Description 23/01/2019"
1833:
INNOVA Consorzio per l'Informatica e la
Telematica s.r.l.
659:
provided launch services for the satellites with their
567:
of 97.20 minutes. The local time ascending node at the
676:
2010-060A) launched on 6 November 2010, at 02:20 UTC.
501:(SAR) as main payload, the result of the intuition of
851:
Centro
Controllo e Pianificazione Missione del Fucino
1442:"COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation (CSG) Constellation"
5024:
4811:
4679:
4579:
4481:
4400:
4345:
4228:
4117:
4050:
3971:
3823:
3609:
3506:
3461:
3404:
3303:
3195:
3102:
3038:
2942:
2880:
2828:
2748:
2592:
2495:
2414:
2334:
2299:
2257:
2170:
2096:
2029:
1961:
1919:
1898:
1019:
Overview of Damage Proxy Map from COSMO-SkyMed data
437:
429:
421:
413:
405:
397:
392:
372:
362:
351:
343:
333:
328:
310:
297:
287:
277:
267:
240:
223:
215:
207:
199:
191:
183:
178:
158:
148:
137:
129:
119:
114:
96:
83:
73:
63:
53:
1417:"COSMO-SkyMed (Constellation of 4 SAR Satellites)"
1577:"Boeing To Launch Fourth EO Satellite For Italy"
1161:(CSG). CSG-2 was launched on 31 January 2022 by
1394:, a system of five military SAR-satellites of
974:SPOTLIGHT1, which is a military-only mode, and
536:and other countries, seismic hazard analysis,
3784:
2709:
1859:
8:
1779:. Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. 12 October 2021
258:
32:
920:Pratica di Mare Defence User Ground Segment
5209:Military equipment introduced in the 2000s
3791:
3777:
3769:
2716:
2702:
2694:
1866:
1852:
1844:
1757:. Italian Space Agencydate. 3 October 2021
611:Synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) working in
27:Italian radar observation satellite system
1650:
1648:
4510:Chinese reusable experimental spacecraft
1711:"CSG 1, 2, 3, 4 (COSMO-SkyMed 2nd Gen.)"
1184:
678:
1408:
1009:
315:http://www.cosmo-skymed.it/it/index.htm
101:http://www.cosmo-skymed.it/it/index.htm
1067:October 2016 Central Italy earthquakes
1052:October 2016 Central Italy earthquakes
644:with a maximum radar bandwidth of 400
540:monitoring, and agricultural mapping.
257:
31:
1713:. Gunter's Space Page. 3 October 2021
583:The satellites' main components are:
7:
2193:Dragon Spacecraft Qualification Unit
1499:
1497:
1108:COSMO-SkyMed second generation (CSG)
563:of 619 km (385 mi) and an
5199:Synthetic aperture radar satellites
1735:. NASASpaceflight. 31 January 2022
1633:. Gunter's Space Page. 7 July 2020
1291:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
1171:Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
1031:Detail of the Damage Proxy Map of
25:
1597:. Spaceflight Now. Archived from
44:A COSMO-SkyMed flare above the UK
1370:
1058:
1043:
1024:
1012:
970:There are two Spotlight modes:
924:
910:
906:Matera Civil User Ground Segment
896:
875:
861:
840:
38:
1799:"CSG-2 | Falcon 9 Block 5"
5214:Space synthetic aperture radar
1656:"eGEOS: COSMO-SkyMed Overview"
1285:from Space Launch Complex 40 (
981:There are two Stripmap modes:
832:of the system is composed of:
663:7420-10C launch vehicles from
604:Stabilization, navigation and
259:COSMO-SkyMed Second Generation
1:
1117:with particular focus on the
993:There are two ScanSAR modes:
544:COSMO-SkyMed first generation
347:2,205 kg (4,861 lb)
247:5 November 2010, 02:20:03 UTC
133:1,700 kg (3,700 lb)
1486:. Telespazio. Archived from
857:Tracking and data stations:
495:Earth observation satellites
471:Italian Ministry of Research
5184:Spacecraft launched in 2022
5179:Spacecraft launched in 2019
2846:SaudiGeoSat-1 / HellasSat-4
1595:"Worldwide launch schedule"
1218:18 December 2019, 08:54:20
934:Defence User Ground Segment
548:The four satellites are in
464:Earth-observation satellite
444:18 December 2019, 08:54 UTC
5235:
4825:/ Shepherd Demonstration,
1253:31 January 2022, 23:11:14
1149:(the successor company of
989:polarization to the other.
796:6 November 2010, 02:20:03
767:25 October 2008, 02:28:25
738:9 December 2007, 02:31:42
5154:
4946:Near-Earth Asteroid Scout
3754:
2679:
2615:SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 1
1545:"COSMO-SkyMed User Guide"
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1190:
1187:
700:
697:
694:
691:
684:
681:
665:Vandenberg Air Force Base
606:Global Positioning System
449:
388:
384:
380:
324:
320:
263:
252:
174:
170:
166:
110:
106:
49:
37:
5219:Earth imaging satellites
5204:Satellite constellations
2815:Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-02
2811:Jilin-1 Hyperspectral-01
1523:e-geos.my.salesforce.com
499:synthetic-aperture radar
1673:(subscription required)
1658:. eGEOS. Archived from
1617:8 December 2007 at the
1167:Space Launch Complex 40
1159:Centre spatial Guyanais
232:23 June 2007, 02:34:00
5047:Jilin-1 Pingtai-01A 01
3115:RADARSAT Constellation
2861:Nusantara Satu / PSN 6
1525:. Italian Space Agency
1050:View of Norcia before
892:User Ground Segments:
709:8 June 2007, 02:34:00
657:United Launch Alliance
538:environmental disaster
4604:Eutelsat Konnect VHTS
4042:Jilin-1 Mofang-02A 01
1821:COSMO-SkyMed Products
1816:COSMO-SkyMed Web Site
1601:on 11 September 2013.
1550:. ASI. Archived from
1065:View of Norcia after
477:and conducted by the
469:system funded by the
367:Sun-synchronous orbit
153:Sun-synchronous orbit
3807:Orbital launches in
2732:Orbital launches in
1882:Orbital launches in
1826:22 July 2013 at the
485:. COSMO SkyMed is a
479:Italian Space Agency
5194:Satellites of Italy
5039:L15 (40 satellites)
4777:L14 (36 satellites)
4540:Jilin-1 Hongwai-01A
3998:L13 (34 satellites)
3488:"As The Crow Flies"
3355:"Look Ma, No Hands"
2549:USA-222 / FASTRAC-2
2545:USA-222 / FASTRAC-1
1583:. 23 December 2008.
1147:Thales Alenia Space
940:The governments of
483:Thales Alenia Space
475:Ministry of Defence
272:Thales Alenia Space
260:
58:Thales Alenia Space
34:
5052:Hakuto-R Mission 1
5043:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D
4908:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D
4536:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D
4270:Jilin-1 Mofang-01A
4253:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D
4249:Jilin-1 Kuanfu-01C
4220:Jilin-1 Gaofen-04A
4216:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D
4038:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03D
3642:Jilin-1 Gaofen-02B
3555:Jilin-1 Gaofen-02A
3110:Jilin-1 Gaofen-03A
2888:Crew Dragon Demo-1
1801:. 25 January 2022.
1691:. 18 December 2018
1689:satellitetoday.com
1631:"COSMO 1, 2, 3, 4"
1378:Spaceflight portal
1119:Mediterranean area
1102:Iridium satellites
5166:
5165:
4381:CMS-02 or GSAT-24
3766:
3765:
3474:Eutelsat 5 West B
3360:BlackSky Global 4
3175:BlackSky Global 3
2691:
2690:
2560:USA-219 / O/OREOS
2527:USA-220 / FASTSAT
1557:on 29 August 2017
1361:
1360:
1115:Earth observation
1077:Commercialization
821:
820:
489:of four dual use
467:space-based radar
453:
452:
376:7 years (planned)
302:Earth observation
278:Country of origin
256:
255:
162:5 years (planned)
88:Earth observation
64:Country of origin
16:(Redirected from
5226:
5062:Lunar Flashlight
4522:/ Microsat-2A†,
3812:
3811:
3810:
3793:
3786:
3779:
3770:
3703:
3667:
3633:
3626:
3597:
3549:Starlink V1.0-L1
3531:
3525:
3223:
3188:
3182:
3171:
3165:
3159:
3153:
3022:
3016:
3010:
2983:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2957:
2798:
2792:
2786:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2718:
2711:
2704:
2695:
2562:
2556:
2534:
2003:GOES-15 / EWS-G2
1911:Globus-1M No.12L
1887:
1886:
1885:
1868:
1861:
1854:
1845:
1803:
1802:
1795:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1742:
1740:
1729:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1707:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1652:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1627:
1621:
1609:
1603:
1602:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1556:
1549:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1501:
1492:
1491:
1480:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1413:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1266:Falcon 9 Block 5
1185:
1181:List of launches
1177:launch vehicle.
1163:Falcon 9 Block 5
1098:satellite flares
1062:
1047:
1028:
1016:
952:SAR capabilities
930:
928:
927:
916:
914:
913:
902:
900:
899:
881:
879:
878:
867:
865:
864:
846:
844:
843:
836:Command Center:
679:
652:List of launches
503:Giorgio Perrotta
445:
261:
248:
236:
42:
35:
21:
5234:
5233:
5229:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5224:
5223:
5169:
5168:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5150:
5137:(54 satellites)
5116:(54 satellites)
5020:
5008:/ Lotos-S1 №6 (
4807:
4794:(53 satellites)
4771:(54 satellites)
4747:WASEDA-SAT-ZERO
4710:(52 satellites)
4675:
4653:(52 satellites)
4622:(54 satellites)
4611:(34 satellites)
4594:(51 satellites)
4575:
4572:(46 satellites)
4566:(54 satellites)
4560:(53 satellites)
4548:(46 satellites)
4532:(52 satellites)
4477:
4468:(53 satellites)
4457:(46 satellites)
4451:(53 satellites)
4430:(46 satellites)
4424:(53 satellites)
4396:
4377:(53 satellites)
4341:
4290:(53 satellites)
4284:(53 satellites)
4278:(53 satellites)
4261:(53 satellites)
4224:
4212:(53 satellites)
4193:(53 satellites)
4167:Axiom Mission 1
4113:
4105:(53 satellites)
4077:(48 satellites)
4066:(47 satellites)
4046:
4034:(50 satellites)
4028:(46 satellites)
3986:(49 satellites)
3967:
3942:(49 satellites)
3833:(49 satellites)
3819:
3818:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3797:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3750:
3699:
3662:
3628:
3621:
3605:
3592:
3551:(60 satellites)
3527:
3521:
3502:
3457:
3400:
3369:Pearl White × 2
3299:
3218:
3191:
3184:
3178:
3167:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3098:
3078:(60 satellites)
3034:
3018:
3012:
3006:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2959:
2953:
2938:
2923:"Two Thumbs Up"
2876:
2824:
2794:
2788:
2782:
2744:
2743:
2733:
2731:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2675:
2609:Glonass-M No.41
2605:Glonass-M No.40
2601:Glonass-M No.39
2588:
2558:
2552:
2530:
2491:
2410:
2396:Zheda Pixing 1C
2392:Zheda Pixing 1B
2330:
2295:
2253:
2166:
2092:
2025:
1957:
1915:
1894:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1872:
1828:Wayback Machine
1812:
1807:
1806:
1797:
1796:
1792:
1782:
1780:
1775:
1774:
1770:
1760:
1758:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1738:
1736:
1731:
1730:
1726:
1716:
1714:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1694:
1692:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1672:
1665:
1663:
1662:on 22 July 2013
1654:
1653:
1646:
1636:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1619:Wayback Machine
1610:
1606:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1575:
1574:
1570:
1560:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1528:
1526:
1517:
1516:
1512:
1503:
1502:
1495:
1490:on 8 July 2007.
1482:
1481:
1477:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1425:
1423:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1366:
1283:low Earth orbit
1269:
1201:Launch vehicle
1183:
1110:
1094:
1079:
1074:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1063:
1054:
1048:
1039:
1029:
1020:
1017:
954:
925:
923:
911:
909:
897:
895:
876:
874:
871:Cordoba Station
862:
860:
841:
839:
826:
695:Launch vehicle
654:
634:ground segments
550:Sun-synchronous
546:
443:
442:
246:
245:
231:
230:
45:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5232:
5230:
5222:
5221:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5196:
5191:
5186:
5181:
5171:
5170:
5164:
5163:
5159:Crewed flights
5155:
5152:
5151:
5149:
5148:
5143:
5138:
5132:
5127:
5124:Pléiades Neo 6
5120:Pléiades Neo 5
5117:
5114:Starlink G4-37
5111:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5091:(3 satellites)
5086:
5073:
5064:
5049:
5040:
5034:
5028:
5026:
5022:
5021:
5019:
5018:
5013:
5003:
4996:
4984:
4983:(3 satellites)
4978:
4973:
4962:
4957:
4911:
4905:
4900:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4872:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4838:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4792:Starlink G4-31
4789:
4787:Progress MS-21
4784:
4778:
4772:
4769:Starlink G4-36
4766:
4761:
4760:(3 satellites)
4755:
4750:
4728:
4720:
4711:
4708:Starlink G4-29
4705:
4698:
4689:
4683:
4681:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4673:
4660:
4659:(3 satellites)
4654:
4651:Starlink G4-35
4648:
4639:
4630:
4623:
4620:Starlink G4-34
4617:
4612:
4606:
4601:
4600:(3 satellites)
4595:
4592:Starlink G4-20
4589:
4583:
4581:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4567:
4564:Starlink G4-23
4561:
4558:Starlink G4-27
4555:
4554:(3 satellites)
4549:
4543:
4533:
4530:Starlink G4-26
4527:
4517:
4512:
4507:
4498:
4492:
4485:
4483:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4475:
4474:(3 satellites)
4469:
4466:Starlink G4-25
4463:
4458:
4452:
4449:Starlink G4-22
4446:
4436:
4434:Tianlian II-03
4431:
4425:
4422:Starlink G4-21
4419:
4410:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4395:
4394:
4389:
4388:(3 satellites)
4383:
4378:
4375:Starlink G4-19
4372:
4362:
4355:
4353:Progress MS-20
4349:
4347:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4339:
4302:
4297:
4291:
4288:Starlink G4-18
4285:
4282:Starlink G4-15
4279:
4276:Starlink G4-13
4273:
4267:
4262:
4259:Starlink G4-17
4256:
4246:
4232:
4230:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4222:
4213:
4210:Starlink G4-16
4207:
4201:
4194:
4191:Starlink G4-14
4188:
4175:
4170:
4163:
4157:
4152:
4121:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4111:
4106:
4103:Starlink G4-12
4100:
4093:
4088:
4078:
4075:Starlink G4-10
4072:
4067:
4061:
4054:
4052:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4044:
4035:
4032:Starlink G4-11
4029:
4023:
4013:
4011:Progress MS-19
4008:
3999:
3993:
3987:
3981:
3975:
3973:
3969:
3968:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3943:
3937:
3932:
3907:
3834:
3827:
3825:
3821:
3820:
3814:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3788:
3781:
3773:
3764:
3763:
3759:Crewed flights
3755:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3748:
3743:
3734:
3732:Elektro-L No.3
3729:
3721:
3704:
3689:
3683:
3668:
3656:
3644:
3639:
3637:Progress MS-13
3634:
3619:
3613:
3611:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3586:
3581:
3572:
3557:
3552:
3546:
3538:
3533:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3495:
3494:
3493:
3485:
3480:
3471:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3449:
3442:
3436:
3431:
3425:
3419:
3416:Ice Pathfinder
3408:
3406:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3388:
3383:
3377:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3367:
3362:
3352:
3347:
3334:
3328:
3323:
3314:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3295:Progress MS-12
3292:
3287:
3281:
3276:
3275:
3274:
3269:
3259:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3224:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3172:
3131:
3123:
3118:
3112:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3062:
3054:
3048:
3042:
3040:
3036:
3035:
3033:
3032:
3024:
3000:
2995:
2989:
2987:Progress MS-11
2984:
2946:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2930:
2920:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2896:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2868:
2858:
2848:
2839:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2808:
2799:
2764:
2758:
2752:
2750:
2746:
2745:
2739:
2724:
2723:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2698:
2689:
2688:
2684:Crewed flights
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2668:
2661:
2656:
2649:
2612:
2596:
2594:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2586:
2577:
2572:
2563:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2499:
2497:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2484:
2475:
2473:Progress M-08M
2470:
2445:
2440:
2433:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2373:Progress M-07M
2370:
2357:
2352:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2288:
2267:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2249:Progress M-06M
2246:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2220:
2207:
2202:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2174:
2172:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2159:
2150:
2117:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2088:Progress M-05M
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2058:
2053:
2041:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2026:
2024:
2023:
2018:
2005:
2000:
1965:
1963:
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1929:
1927:Progress M-04M
1923:
1921:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1895:
1889:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1870:
1863:
1856:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1836:
1830:
1818:
1811:
1810:External links
1808:
1805:
1804:
1790:
1777:"COSMO-SkyMed"
1768:
1755:"COSMO-SKYMED"
1746:
1724:
1702:
1676:
1644:
1622:
1604:
1586:
1568:
1536:
1510:
1493:
1484:"COSMO-SkyMed"
1475:
1458:
1433:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1399:
1389:
1382:
1381:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1345:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1315:
1306:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1263:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1196:
1189:
1182:
1179:
1109:
1106:
1093:
1090:
1082:e-GEOS, S.p.A.
1078:
1075:
1071:
1070:
1064:
1057:
1055:
1049:
1042:
1040:
1030:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1001:
998:
991:
990:
986:
979:
978:
975:
968:
967:
964:
961:
953:
950:
938:
937:
936:
935:
921:
907:
890:
889:
888:
886:Kiruna Station
872:
855:
854:
853:
830:ground segment
825:
824:Ground segment
822:
819:
818:
815:
812:
806:
797:
794:
790:
789:
786:
783:
777:
768:
765:
761:
760:
757:
754:
748:
739:
736:
732:
731:
728:
725:
719:
710:
707:
703:
702:
699:
696:
693:
690:
683:
653:
650:
637:
636:
615:
609:
602:
580:requirements.
565:orbital period
555:with a 97.90°
545:
542:
451:
450:
447:
446:
439:
435:
434:
431:
427:
426:
423:
419:
418:
415:
411:
410:
407:
403:
402:
399:
395:
394:
390:
389:
386:
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
374:
370:
369:
364:
360:
359:
353:
349:
348:
345:
341:
340:
337:
331:
330:
329:Specifications
326:
325:
322:
321:
318:
317:
312:
308:
307:
299:
295:
294:
289:
285:
284:
279:
275:
274:
269:
265:
264:
254:
253:
250:
249:
242:
238:
237:
225:
221:
220:
217:
213:
212:
209:
205:
204:
201:
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
176:
175:
172:
171:
168:
167:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
139:
135:
134:
131:
127:
126:
123:
117:
116:
115:Specifications
112:
111:
108:
107:
104:
103:
98:
94:
93:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
47:
46:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5231:
5220:
5217:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5200:
5197:
5195:
5192:
5190:
5189:2019 in Italy
5187:
5185:
5182:
5180:
5177:
5176:
5174:
5160:
5153:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5136:
5135:Starlink G5-1
5133:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5106:
5103:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5081:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5029:
5027:
5023:
5017:
5014:
5011:
5007:
5004:
5002:
5001:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4985:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:SpaceX CRS-26
4974:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4955:
4951:
4947:
4943:
4939:
4938:Lunar IceCube
4935:
4931:
4927:
4923:
4919:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4873:
4870:
4866:
4863:
4861:
4858:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4842:
4839:
4836:
4832:
4828:
4824:
4820:
4817:
4816:
4814:
4810:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4748:
4744:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4703:
4702:SpaceX Crew-5
4699:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4684:
4682:
4678:
4672:
4668:
4664:
4661:
4658:
4655:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4628:
4624:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4610:
4609:Starlink G4-2
4607:
4605:
4602:
4599:
4596:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4578:
4571:
4570:Starlink G3-4
4568:
4565:
4562:
4559:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4547:
4546:Starlink G3-3
4544:
4541:
4537:
4534:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4511:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4484:
4480:
4473:
4470:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4456:
4455:Starlink G3-2
4453:
4450:
4447:
4444:
4440:
4439:SpaceX CRS-25
4437:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4428:Starlink G3-1
4426:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4417:GLONASS-K 16L
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4399:
4393:
4390:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4370:
4366:
4363:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4350:
4348:
4344:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4314:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4295:
4292:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4260:
4257:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4198:SpaceX Crew-4
4195:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4164:
4162:/ Lotos-S1 №5
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4138:
4137:Lynk Tower 01
4134:
4130:
4126:
4123:
4122:
4120:
4116:
4110:
4109:Meridian-M 10
4107:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4065:
4064:Starlink G4-9
4062:
4059:
4056:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4026:Starlink G4-8
4024:
4021:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4003:
4000:
3997:
3994:
3991:
3988:
3985:
3984:Starlink G4-7
3982:
3980:
3977:
3976:
3974:
3970:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3955:
3951:
3947:
3944:
3941:
3940:Starlink G4-6
3938:
3936:
3933:
3930:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3902:
3898:
3894:
3890:
3886:
3882:
3878:
3874:
3870:
3866:
3862:
3858:
3854:
3850:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3835:
3832:
3831:Starlink G4-5
3829:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3817:
3813:
3802:
3794:
3789:
3787:
3782:
3780:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3760:
3753:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3631:
3624:
3620:
3618:
3617:SpaceX CRS-19
3615:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3584:Inmarsat-5 F5
3582:
3580:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3530:
3524:
3519:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3505:
3499:
3496:
3491:
3490:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3472:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3460:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3429:
3426:
3423:
3420:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3386:Geo-IK-2 No.3
3384:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3342:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3282:
3280:
3279:SpaceX CRS-18
3277:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3262:Chandrayaan-2
3260:
3258:
3257:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3204:
3201:
3200:
3198:
3194:
3187:
3181:
3176:
3173:
3170:
3164:
3158:
3152:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3076:Starlink v0.9
3074:
3071:
3068:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3046:SpaceX CRS-17
3044:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2962:
2956:
2955:Astrocast 0.2
2951:
2948:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2934:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2921:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2872:
2869:
2866:
2862:
2859:
2856:
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2847:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2797:
2791:
2785:
2784:AOBA-VELOX-IV
2780:
2776:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2742:
2738:
2727:
2719:
2714:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2685:
2678:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2660:
2659:Compass-IGSO2
2657:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2595:
2591:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2555:
2554:USA-218 / RAX
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2498:
2494:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2468:Globalstar 79
2465:
2464:Globalstar 77
2461:
2460:Globalstar 76
2457:
2456:Globalstar 75
2453:
2452:Globalstar 74
2449:
2448:Globalstar 73
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2437:Soyuz TMA-01M
2434:
2432:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2337:
2333:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2311:RASCOM-QAF 1R
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2291:Compass-IGSO1
2289:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2238:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2221:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2095:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2051:
2050:Leonardo MPLM
2047:
2046:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2028:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1943:
1939:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1903:
1901:
1897:
1892:
1888:
1877:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1857:
1855:
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1846:
1840:
1837:
1834:
1831:
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1825:
1822:
1819:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1809:
1800:
1794:
1791:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1756:
1750:
1747:
1734:
1728:
1725:
1712:
1706:
1703:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1661:
1657:
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1649:
1645:
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1620:
1616:
1613:
1608:
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1596:
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1587:
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1578:
1572:
1569:
1553:
1546:
1540:
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1524:
1520:
1514:
1511:
1506:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1485:
1479:
1476:
1468:
1462:
1459:
1447:
1443:
1437:
1434:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1402:
1397:
1393:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1368:
1363:
1357:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1307:
1304:
1301:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1194:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1151:Alenia Spazio
1148:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1076:
1068:
1061:
1056:
1053:
1046:
1041:
1038:
1034:
1027:
1022:
1015:
1010:
1005:
999:
996:
995:
994:
987:
984:
983:
982:
976:
973:
972:
971:
965:
962:
959:
958:
957:
951:
949:
947:
943:
933:
922:
919:
908:
905:
894:
893:
891:
887:
884:
873:
870:
859:
858:
856:
852:
849:
838:
837:
835:
834:
833:
831:
823:
816:
813:
810:
807:
805:
801:
798:
795:
792:
791:
787:
784:
781:
778:
776:
772:
769:
766:
763:
762:
758:
755:
752:
749:
747:
743:
740:
737:
734:
733:
729:
726:
723:
720:
718:
714:
711:
708:
705:
704:
688:
680:
677:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
651:
649:
647:
643:
635:
631:
628:
624:
620:
616:
614:
610:
608:(GPS) systems
607:
603:
601:
598:
594:
590:
586:
585:
584:
581:
579:
574:
570:
566:
562:
559:at a nominal
558:
554:
551:
543:
541:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
515:
511:
506:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
487:constellation
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
465:
461:
457:
448:
440:
438:Maiden launch
436:
432:
428:
424:
420:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
368:
365:
361:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
336:
332:
327:
323:
319:
316:
313:
309:
306:
303:
300:
296:
293:
290:
286:
283:
280:
276:
273:
270:
266:
262:
251:
243:
239:
235:
229:
226:
224:Maiden launch
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
122:
118:
113:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
89:
86:
82:
79:
76:
72:
69:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
48:
41:
36:
30:
19:
5158:
5141:Shiyan 10-02
5130:Gaofen 11-04
5109:O3b mPOWER 2
5105:O3b mPOWER 1
5089:Yaogan 36-04
5055:
5032:Gaofen 5-01A
4998:
4981:Yaogan 36-03
4960:Eutelsat 10B
4903:Yaogan 34-03
4865:Cygnus NG-18
4758:Yaogan 36-02
4700:
4687:TechEdSat-15
4657:Yaogan 36-01
4625:
4598:Yaogan 35-05
4587:Yaogan 33-02
4552:Yaogan 35-04
4491:/ Nivelir №3
4472:Yaogan 35-03
4386:Yaogan 35-02
4357:
4196:
4165:
4095:
4091:Yaogan 34-02
4016:Cygnus NG-17
3992:/ Neitron №1
3962:
3921:TechEdSat-13
3912:
3758:
3711:Ziyuan I-04A
3695:
3514:Cygnus NG-12
3444:
3345:Xingshidai-5
3341:Qian Sheng-1
3284:Yaogan 30-05
3254:
3244:Falcon Eye 1
3203:Meteor-M 2-2
3050:Harbinger /
3003:Cygnus NG-11
2961:Bluewalker 1
2898:
2796:OrigamiSat-1
2761:Iridium NEXT
2683:
2663:
2653:Soyuz TMA-20
2651:
2599:
2575:Chinasat 20A
2512:
2478:Eutelsat W3B
2435:
2224:Soyuz TMA-19
2222:
2197:
2103:
2060:
2043:
2038:Soyuz TMA-18
2036:
2021:EchoStar XIV
1931:
1793:
1781:. Retrieved
1771:
1759:. Retrieved
1749:
1737:. Retrieved
1727:
1715:. Retrieved
1705:
1693:. Retrieved
1688:
1679:
1664:. Retrieved
1660:the original
1635:. Retrieved
1625:
1607:
1599:the original
1589:
1580:
1571:
1559:. Retrieved
1552:the original
1539:
1527:. Retrieved
1522:
1513:
1488:the original
1478:
1461:
1449:. Retrieved
1446:eoportal.org
1445:
1436:
1424:. Retrieved
1421:eoportal.org
1420:
1411:
1335:2027 ?
1198:Launch site
1144:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1111:
1095:
1080:
1003:
992:
980:
969:
955:
939:
827:
692:Launch site
655:
638:
589:solar arrays
582:
578:revisit time
573:ground track
553:polar orbits
547:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
510:COSMO-SkyMed
509:
507:
459:
456:COSMO-SkyMed
455:
454:
298:Applications
268:Manufacturer
84:Applications
54:Manufacturer
33:COSMO-SkyMed
29:
5010:Kosmos 2566
5006:Kosmos 2565
5000:Shenzhou 15
4987:Kosmos 2564
4922:BioSentinel
4884:Yunhai-3 01
4860:ChinaSat 19
4850:Hotbird 13G
4841:Kosmos 2563
4764:Hotbird 13F
4753:Huanjing 2E
4627:Soyuz MS-22
4615:ChinaSat 1E
4505:SBIRS GEO-6
4489:Kosmos 2558
4413:Kosmos 2557
4359:Shenzhou 14
4305:ION-SCV 006
4296:/ Bars-M 3L
4294:Kosmos 2556
4240:SpaceBEE NZ
4206:/ EO MKA №2
4204:Kosmos 2555
4173:ChinaSat 6D
4160:Kosmos 2554
4155:Gaofen 3-03
4143:/ Tiger-3,
4125:ION-SCV 005
4097:Soyuz MS-21
4085:SpaceBEE NZ
3990:Kosmos 2553
3837:ION-SCV 004
3685:JCSAT-18 /
3647:Kosmos 2544
3579:Kosmos 2543
3575:Kosmos 2542
3446:Soyuz MS-15
3430:-3 M23, M24
3395:Xiaoxiang 1
3375:Soyuz MS-14
3350:Chinasat 18
3256:Soyuz MS-13
3239:Kosmos 2538
3235:Kosmos 2537
3231:Kosmos 2536
3227:Kosmos 2535
3169:LightSail-2
3157:FalconSAT-7
3121:Eutelsat 7C
3082:Kosmos 2543
3008:NepaliSat-1
2933:Tianlian II
2900:Soyuz MS-12
2855:Helios Wire
2779:MicroDragon
2775:Hodoyoshi-2
2756:ChinaSat 2D
2647:Perseus 003
2643:Perseus 002
2639:Perseus 001
2635:Perseus 000
2580:Intelsat 17
2541:FalconSat-5
2532:NanoSail-D2
2406:Kosmos 2469
2368:Kosmos 2468
2364:Kosmos 2467
2355:Chinasat-6A
2350:Kosmos 2466
2346:Kosmos 2465
2342:Kosmos 2464
2307:Nilesat 201
2270:Cartosat-2B
2265:EchoStar XV
2205:Shijian XII
2140:Waseda-SAT2
2083:Kosmos 2463
2068:Kosmos 2462
1991:Kosmos 2461
1980:Kosmos 2460
1969:Kosmos 2459
1953:Intelsat 16
1938:Tranquility
1507:. SPACEHAB.
1451:26 November
1426:26 November
1191:Date/Time (
1188:Flight No.
685:Date/Time (
682:Flight No.
557:inclination
430:Operational
401:Operational
373:Design life
344:Launch mass
241:Last launch
216:Operational
187:Operational
159:Design life
130:Launch mass
5173:Categories
5071:Shiyan 20B
5067:Shiyan 20A
5016:Oceansat-3
4966:Oceansat-3
4954:Team Miles
4950:OMOTENASHI
4889:Tianzhou 5
4869:SpaceTuna1
4798:Shiyan 20C
4667:Shiyan 16B
4663:Shiyan 16A
4443:TUMnanoSAT
4369:TROPICS 04
4365:TROPICS 02
4333:Platform 1
4317:Vigoride-3
4313:SHERPA AC1
4265:Tianzhou 4
4244:Unicorn-2F
3905:Nepal PQ-1
3889:DEWA SAT-1
3746:Shijian 20
3659:RISAT-2BR1
3630:Unicorn-2C
3623:Unicorn-2B
3589:Cartosat-3
3529:HuskySat-1
3469:Gaofen 10R
3418:, Taurus 1
3290:Meridian 8
3186:SpaceBEE 9
3180:SpaceBEE 8
2998:Arabsat-6A
2917:Lingque 1B
2851:EgyptSat A
2820:Microsat-R
2623:SMDC-ONE 1
2518:SkyTerra-1
2508:Fengyun 3B
2503:Meridian 3
2487:Compass-G4
2431:Shijian 6H
2427:Shijian 6G
2326:Tian Hui 1
2240:Arabsat-5A
2183:Compass-G3
2157:COMSATBw-2
1906:Compass-G1
1783:12 October
1739:1 February
1717:12 October
1637:12 October
1581:SpaceDaily
1561:8 November
1403:References
1231:Soyuz ST-A
1155:Soyuz ST-A
1086:Telespazio
393:Production
179:Production
5095:Shiyan 21
5080:Galaxy 36
5076:Galaxy 35
4991:GLONASS-M
4970:Astrocast
4964:EOS-06 /
4934:LunaH-Map
4914:Artemis I
4898:Galaxy 32
4894:Galaxy 31
4723:GLONASS-K
4718:Galaxy 34
4714:Galaxy 33
4671:Shiyan 17
4646:Shiyan 15
4642:Shiyan 14
4580:September
4524:AzaadiSAT
4300:Boe OFT-2
4186:NOSS-3 9B
4182:NOSS-3 9A
3935:Shiyan 13
3929:Unicorn-2
3925:Unicorn-1
3869:ICEYE X16
3865:ICEYE X14
3861:Capella 8
3857:Capella 7
3724:Starliner
3719:Tianqin-1
3687:Kacific 1
3651:GLONASS-M
3632:/ NOOR-1B
3625:/ NOOR-1A
3601:Gaofen 12
3405:September
3311:Blagovest
3250:Spektr-RG
3163:BRICSat-2
3094:Yamal-601
3086:GLONASS-M
3070:Yaogan 33
3014:Raavana 1
2865:Beresheet
2619:Mayflower
2422:Chang'e 2
2388:Yaogan 11
2378:Michibiki
2335:September
2316:Yaogan 10
2148:Negai ☆''
2056:CryoSat-2
2016:Yaogan 9C
2012:Yaogan 9B
2008:Yaogan 9A
1995:GLONASS-M
1984:GLONASS-M
1973:GLONASS-M
1761:3 October
1695:23 August
1666:10 August
1529:24 August
1235:Fregat-MT
942:Argentina
869:Argentine
811:7420-10C
782:7420-10C
630:data-link
621:on-board
5025:December
4930:EQUULEUS
4918:ArgoMoon
4812:November
4803:Mengtian
4781:Gonets-M
4633:KH-11 19
4497:/ RASR-4
4392:CAPSTONE
4236:SpaceBEE
4149:SpaceBEE
4081:SpaceBEE
4060:/ GOES-T
4006:RISAT-1A
3972:February
3893:Flock 4x
3737:Gonets-M
3707:CBERS-4A
3678:BeiDou-3
3671:BeiDou-3
3610:December
3594:Flock-4p
3567:BeiDou-3
3560:BeiDou-3
3541:BeiDou-3
3536:Gaofen 7
3518:STPSat 4
3507:November
3492:Palisade
3439:Yunhai-1
3422:Zhuhai-1
3380:GPS IIIA
3337:Tianqi-2
3215:ICEYE X5
3211:ICEYE X4
3207:CarboNIX
3151:StangSat
3142:COSMIC-2
3126:BeiDou-3
3065:RISAT-2B
3057:BeiDou-2
3052:ICEYE X3
3027:BeiDou-3
2967:Flock-4a
2893:ChinaSat
2829:February
2806:KH-11 17
2593:December
2523:STPSat-2
2496:November
2360:Gonets-M
2282:AISSat-1
2274:AlSat-2A
2244:Chollian
2230:TanDEM-X
2199:STSAT-2B
2178:SERVIS-2
2153:Astra 3B
2120:Akatsuki
1920:February
1824:Archived
1615:Archived
1392:SAR Lupe
1364:See also
1355:Planned
1325:Planned
1278:Success
1242:Success
1207:Outcome
1204:Payload
817:Success
814:COSMO-4
809:Delta II
788:Success
785:COSMO-3
780:Delta II
759:Success
756:COSMO-2
753:7420-10
751:Delta II
730:Success
727:COSMO-1
724:7420-10
722:Delta II
701:Outcome
698:Payload
669:SPACEHAB
661:Delta II
625:and 310
591:for 3.8
561:altitude
462:) is an
422:Launched
406:On order
288:Operator
208:Launched
192:On order
74:Operator
5146:EROS-C3
4875:NOAA-21
4837:/ USUVL
4835:USA-344
4831:USA-341
4827:USA-340
4823:USA-339
4743:MITSUBA
4739:MAGNARO
4735:KOSEN-2
4731:RAISE-3
4680:October
4637:NROL-91
4501:USA-336
4495:USA-335
4461:Wentian
4408:USA-337
4329:Lemur-2
4309:SBUDNIC
4178:USA-327
4058:GOES-18
4020:KITSUNE
3979:USA-326
3958:GSSAP-6
3954:USA-325
3950:GSSAP-5
3946:USA-324
3917:STORK-3
3910:Lemur-2
3901:Lemur-2
3885:USA-323
3881:USA-322
3877:USA-321
3873:USA-320
3849:STORK-2
3845:STORK-1
3824:January
3741:BLITS-M
3727:Boe-OFT
3715:ETRSS-1
3701:OPS-SAT
3664:Lemur-2
3462:October
3414:I-02D,
3391:Taiji-1
3326:Amos-17
3321:HYLAS-3
3272:Pragyan
3220:Lemur-2
2974:Lemur-2
2842:GSAT-31
2802:USA-290
2767:RAPIS-1
2749:January
2665:GSAT-5P
2584:HYLAS-1
2570:Orion 7
2566:USA-223
2537:USA-221
2513:COSMO-4
2482:BSat 3B
2415:October
2401:USA-216
2383:USA-215
2321:USA-214
2286:TIsat-1
2278:StudSat
2162:USA-213
2136:Shin'en
2114:ICC-VLD
2110:Rassvet
2105:STS-132
2073:USA-212
2045:STS-131
1933:STS-130
1899:January
1396:Germany
1295:Florida
1271:B1052.3
918:Italian
904:Italian
848:Italian
569:equator
497:with a
311:Website
244:COSMO-4
228:COSMO-1
97:Website
18:COSMO-2
5084:MTG-I1
5057:Rashid
5037:OneWeb
4879:LOFTID
4819:LDPE-2
4775:OneWeb
4696:SES-21
4692:SES-20
4538:× 10,
4520:EOS-02
4515:Danuri
4482:August
4238:× 16,
4131:× 4),
4083:× 16,
4070:Noor 2
4002:EOS-04
3996:OneWeb
3897:Kepler
3895:× 44,
3841:LabSat
3816:2023 →
3801:← 2021
3692:CHEOPS
3428:BeiDou
3412:Ziyuan
3304:August
3267:Vikram
3020:Seeker
2950:EMISAT
2912:PRISMA
2871:OneWeb
2836:Dousti
2741:2020 →
2726:← 2018
2671:KA-SAT
2362:No.2,
2300:August
2235:Ofek-9
2214:Picard
2210:Prisma
2188:Badr-5
2144:Hayato
2132:DCAM-2
2128:DCAM-1
2124:IKAROS
2062:GSAT-4
1942:Cupola
1891:2011 →
1876:← 2009
1472:. ESA.
1386:SAOCOM
1352:CSG-4
1348:Vega-C
1339:Kourou
1322:CSG-3
1318:Vega-C
1309:Kourou
1287:SLC-40
1275:CSG-2
1261:SLC-40
1239:CSG-1
1222:Kourou
1210:Notes
1175:Vega-C
1139:X-band
1092:Flares
1033:Norcia
946:France
932:France
929:
915:
901:
883:Sweden
880:
866:
845:
804:SLC-2W
775:SLC-2W
746:SLC-2W
717:SLC-2W
627:Mbit/s
623:memory
613:X-band
595:at 42
493:(ISR)
398:Status
363:Regime
184:Status
149:Regime
5045:× 7,
4942:LunIR
4845:EKS-6
4337:PTD-3
4331:× 5,
4327:× 4,
4325:ÑuSat
4323:× 5,
4321:ICEYE
4242:× 8,
4218:× 4,
4147:× 5,
4145:ÑuSat
4133:EnMAP
4118:April
4051:March
4040:× 9,
3963:CSG-2
3913:Krywe
3903:× 5,
3899:× 4,
3853:SW1FT
3739:× 3,
3696:CSG-1
3498:TJS-4
3478:MEV-1
3434:HTV-8
3365:BRO 1
3343:01 /
3319:-C /
3144:× 6,
3134:STP-2
2943:April
2881:March
2790:NEXUS
2771:ALE-1
2631:QbX-2
2627:QbX-1
2218:BPA-1
2078:SES-1
2030:April
1962:March
1555:(PDF)
1548:(PDF)
1470:(PDF)
1305:2025
1289:) at
1257:CCSFS
1165:from
1157:from
1135:CSG-4
1131:CSG-3
1127:CSG-2
1123:CSG-1
1037:Italy
632:with
534:Italy
514:COSMO
441:CSG-1
414:Built
352:Power
339:PRIMA
305:radar
282:Italy
200:Built
138:Power
125:PRIMA
91:radar
68:Italy
5100:SWOT
4926:CuSP
4855:MATS
4401:July
4346:June
4151:× 12
4141:MP42
4129:KSF2
3809:2022
3596:× 12
3523:HARP
3483:ICON
3331:AEHF
3317:EDRS
3313:-14L
3196:July
3146:GPIM
3103:June
2969:× 20
2927:R3D2
2867:, S5
2763:× 10
2734:2019
2443:XM-5
2258:July
2171:June
1884:2010
1785:2021
1763:2021
1741:2022
1719:2021
1697:2019
1668:2011
1639:2021
1563:2012
1531:2020
1453:2020
1428:2020
1133:and
944:and
828:The
800:VAFB
771:VAFB
742:VAFB
713:VAFB
619:Gbit
617:300
587:Two
512:(or
473:and
5122:†,
5060:),
4994:761
4972:× 4
4910:× 5
4783:× 3
4745:†,
4741:†,
4737:†,
4733:†,
4726:17L
4542:× 6
4367:†,
4311:),
4255:× 7
4229:May
4087:× 4
3931:× 4
3855:),
3681:M20
3674:M19
3666:× 4
3654:759
3570:M22
3563:M21
3544:I3Q
3452:EKS
3397:-07
3382:-02
3222:× 8
3138:DSX
3129:I2Q
3117:× 3
3089:758
3039:May
3030:I1Q
2994:× 4
2992:O3b
2981:M6P
2976:× 4
2935:-01
2908:-10
2906:WGS
2895:-6C
2535:),
2134:),
2097:May
1998:735
1987:732
1976:731
1948:SDO
1343:ELV
1313:ELV
1293:in
1226:ELS
1193:UTC
1169:at
687:UTC
673:UTC
646:MHz
642:GHz
335:Bus
292:ASI
234:UTC
121:Bus
78:ASI
5175::
5107:,
5082:,
5078:,
5069:,
4989:/
4968:,
4952:,
4948:,
4944:,
4940:,
4936:,
4932:,
4928:,
4924:,
4920:,
4896:,
4877:,
4843:/
4833:,
4829:,
4821:,
4716:,
4694:,
4669:,
4665:,
4644:,
4503:/
4415:/
4335:,
4319:,
4315:,
4251:,
4184:,
4180:/
4139:,
4135:,
4004:/
3956:/
3952:,
3948:/
3927:,
3923:,
3919:,
3915:,
3891:,
3887:,
3883:,
3879:,
3875:,
3871:,
3867:,
3863:,
3859:,
3851:,
3847:,
3843:,
3717:,
3713:,
3709:/
3698:,
3694:,
3676:,
3661:,
3649:/
3627:,
3591:,
3577:,
3565:,
3526:,
3520:,
3476:,
3454:-3
3441:02
3424:x2
3393:,
3339:,
3333:-5
3286:x3
3237:,
3233:,
3229:,
3217:,
3213:,
3209:,
3205:,
3183:,
3177:,
3166:,
3160:,
3154:,
3148:,
3140:,
3136:,
3084:/
3060:G8
3017:,
3011:,
2978:,
2971:,
2964:,
2958:,
2952:,
2873:x6
2863:,
2853:,
2844:,
2813:,
2804:/
2793:,
2787:,
2781:,
2777:,
2773:,
2769:,
2645:,
2641:,
2637:,
2633:,
2629:,
2625:,
2621:,
2617:,
2607:,
2603:,
2582:,
2568:/
2557:,
2551:,
2547:,
2543:,
2539:/
2525:,
2480:,
2466:,
2462:,
2458:,
2454:,
2450:,
2429:,
2394:,
2390:,
2366:,
2348:,
2344:,
2309:,
2284:,
2280:,
2276:,
2272:,
2242:,
2216:,
2212:,
2155:,
2146:,
2142:,
2138:,
2130:,
2122:,
2112:,
2014:,
2010:,
1993:/
1989:,
1982:/
1978:,
1971:/
1940:,
1687:.
1647:^
1579:.
1521:.
1496:^
1444:.
1419:.
1341:,
1332:4
1311:,
1302:3
1297:.
1259:,
1250:2
1233:/
1224:,
1215:1
1195:)
1129:,
1125:,
1035:,
802:,
793:4
773:,
764:3
744:,
735:2
715:,
706:1
689:)
648:.
600:DC
593:kW
528:,
524:,
520:,
516:)
357:kW
355:5
143:kW
141:4
5126:†
5054:(
5012:)
4956:)
4916:(
4871:)
4867:(
4749:†
4635:/
4526:†
4445:)
4441:(
4371:†
4307:(
4272:†
4127:(
4022:)
4018:(
3839:(
3792:e
3785:t
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3532:)
3516:(
3246:†
3072:†
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3005:(
2929:)
2925:(
2919:†
2857:4
2838:†
2717:e
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2529:(
2126:(
2116:)
2108:(
2052:)
2048:(
1944:)
1936:(
1867:e
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1787:.
1765:.
1743:.
1721:.
1699:.
1670:.
1641:.
1565:.
1533:.
1455:.
1430:.
1398:.
1268:♺
597:V
530:4
526:3
522:2
518:1
458:(
433:1
425:2
417:2
409:4
219:4
211:4
203:4
195:4
20:)
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