278:(first positions of the indigenous structure) consists of the council of elders appointing an indigenous person who possesses a characterization prior to the selection, characteristics linked to the will, disposition towards indigenous work, their ideals and that these elements work in favor of others. Visualized as indicated, he is appointed as the first councilor, delegating community work responsibilities. There are five councilor positions, successively up to the fifth, the jobs are operational signed by a higher position, each of these transitory stages has a period of one year and in the hierarchical order the rods are transferred in a symbolic way, concluding with the thickest rod which is that of the mayor of vara and is the last position to later be able to assume a position of elder council. Every January 6, the different regions or gullies meet as well as the councils and the board of directors, the candle of rods consists of gathering all the rods, carrying out the celebration of a ritual, preparing the act of handover to the aldermen, mayors symbolically receive their rods, having completed their period of preparation in each of the positions.
147:
30:
798:
69:
845:
86:
48:
281:
Regarding the indigenous people, there is an article in their legal statutes that mentions what refers to elections, specifying the constitution of an indigenous electoral council for a specific period in
Nicaragua. This regulatory body is elected by the council of elders made up of a president, vice
182:
The
Matagalpa are one of the most important cultures in the historical development of the Nicaraguan territory, but they lack precise information that can legitimize their ethnic origin. Most of the studies carried out on this original group have achieved great advances, but they always remain empty
265:
on 14 September 1856, where a column of 60 Matagalpa people with bow and arrows fought at the side of
Nicaraguan Patriots winning that battle, which marked the end of Walker adventure in Nicaragua. The "Indios Flecheros de Matagalpa" were declared National Heroes of the Battle of San Jacinto by the
282:
president, secretary and a person in charge of logistics. The function of this body is to administer the entire electoral process. All older citizens are free to vote with an indigenous identity card or not, mestizo or non-mestizo. There are 52 communities that participate in the elections
245:, one of the most fertile areas in Nicaragua which the Nahuas still inhabit today. This resulted in tribal warfare between the Cacaoperas and the Nicaraos and was a major factor in how the Cacaoperas became one of the most organized, fierce and battle-hardened tribes in
257:(archery indians) in Nicaragua. It took 300 years for the Spanish to submit them, even at the time of Nicaragua's Independence in 1821, there were many Matagalpas free in the central mountains of Nicaragua. In 1856 they were decisive to defeat
266:
Congress of The
Republic of Nicaragua. The declaration also includes a statue built in their honor. They are documented throughout Nicaragua's history fighting for the right of the Republic, in many battles against foreign governments.
252:
They also built stone statues representing their chieftain and warriors. They were feared by the
Spanish because they were very brave and effective with their bows and other arms, which have earned them the nickname
672:
833:
665:
210:. According to the archaeologist Edgard Espinosa, Director of the National Museum, the Matagalpa had their highest level of splendor in the ninth century, precisely when the
826:
446:
502:
658:
557:
819:
986:
991:
29:
811:
371:
779:
503:"INDIOS FLECHEROS DE MATAGALPA, DECLARADOS HÉROES NACIONALES DE LA BATALLA DE SAN JACINTO | Portal – Asamblea Nacional de Nicaragua"
748:
767:
758:
738:
146:
183:
that they do not allow to indicate with certainty said origin. The strongest theory is that which attributes the
Matagalpa are of
981:
942:
225:
branch that enslaved and captured
Cacaoperas for human sacrifice. They were further displaced at the hands of the Nicaraos from
932:
861:
474:
262:
681:
258:
167:
849:
202:
influence. However, historians believe their ceramic style known as "Ceramica Negra" and "Naranja
Segovia" show
423:
753:
626:
Liberación de la propiedad versus territorios indígenas en el Norte de
Nicaragua: el casos de los Chorotegas
947:
742:
78:
710:
238:
214:
began to decline and when the
Chorotega and Nahua migrations to the western half of Nicaragua began.
917:
775:
299:
226:
551:
520:
802:
295:
291:
211:
112:
108:
937:
783:
771:
230:
961:
927:
912:
763:
733:
528:
234:
558:
Vestiges of Ancient Indigenous Language Still Found Today in Matagalpa’s Northern Highlands
246:
138:
650:
409:
874:
869:
218:
134:
975:
922:
188:
717:
705:
460:
203:
199:
889:
884:
879:
343:
171:
74:
195:
533:
853:
95:
91:
53:
242:
207:
896:
184:
320:"Nicaragua - IWGIA - International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs"
319:
700:
222:
145:
592:
Género, etnias y partidos políticos en las elecciones regionales
815:
654:
562:
Almeida, I., Arrobo Rodas, N., & Ojeda Segovia, L. (2005).
639:
El mito de la “ Nicaragua mestiza” y la resistencia indígena
206:
influence and have been found in abundance in towns near
34:
Cacaopera woman holding a candle in Morazan, El Salvador.
150:
Map of Cacaopera indigenous groups in both countries.
585:
Historia general de Centro América: Historia Antigua
905:
860:
726:
688:
128:
118:
102:
60:
39:
641:, 1880-1980. Editorial Universidad de Costa Rica.
827:
666:
525:Raíces – Revista Nicaragüense de Antropología
8:
605:Indios matagalpas: Lenguas cuentos y leyenda
22:
166:., are an indigenous people in what is now
834:
820:
812:
673:
659:
651:
521:"Los Matagalpa: Indígenas en pie de lucha"
410:"Nahoas. Territorio indígena y gobernanza"
28:
21:
594:. Revista del caribe nicaragüense, 10-22.
532:
270:Political and administrative organization
554:, National Museum of the American Indian
514:
512:
311:
624:Monachon, D., & Gonda, N. (2011).
621:. ESPAÑA: Editorial Critica Barcelona.
366:
364:
682:Ancestry and ethnicity in El Salvador
7:
645:Colonización en Matagalpa y Jinotega
598:Revista Nicaragüense de Antropología
571:Raíces del Centro Norte de Nicaragua
519:Castro Arias, Omar Santiago (2017).
274:In Nicaragua, the initiation of the
249:by the time of the Spanish arrival.
61:Regions with significant populations
546:External Links and Further Reading
14:
987:Indigenous peoples in El Salvador
372:"Los Indios Flecheros Matagalpas"
16:Central American indigenous group
843:
796:
647:(1820-1890). URACCAN: Nicaragua.
217:Their greatest enemies were the
84:
67:
46:
992:Indigenous peoples in Nicaragua
1:
347:UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
617:Leslie Bethell, e. (1990).
358:Leslie Bethell, 1990, p. 38
290:Matagalpa people spoke the
198:, corn and beans show some
1008:
619:Historia de América Latina
436:Ibarra Rojas, 1994, p. 236
399:Ibarra Rojas, 1994, p. 236
958:
793:
612:Las culturas precolombina
447:"Nicaraguan Anthropology"
133:
123:
107:
65:
44:
27:
631:Tijerino, F. K. (2008).
580:. Buenos Aires: Del Sol.
534:10.5377/raices.v1i1.3593
982:Circum-Caribbean tribes
583:Carmack, R. M. (1993).
850:Ancestry and ethnicity
803:El Salvador portal
633:Historia de Nicaragua.
576:Balendier, G. (2005).
349:(retrieved 1 Dec 2011)
261:'s filibusters in the
151:
614:s. Argentina: EUDEBA.
578:Antropología Política
569:Arauz, E. K. (2010).
302:and are now extinct.
263:Battle of San Jacinto
194:Their cultivation of
149:
129:Related ethnic groups
610:Lehmann, H. (1973).
300:Misumalpan languages
298:, both of which are
124:Traditional Religion
635:Managua: IHNC-UCA .
590:CIDCA-UCA. (2006).
461:"Culture of Esteli"
241:, particularly the
24:
600:. Año 1 No. 1/2017
587:. Madrid: SIRUELA.
564:Autonomía Indígena
482:enriquebolanos.org
296:Matagalpa language
255:"indios flecheros"
212:Mayan civilization
158:also known as the
152:
969:
968:
809:
808:
628:. Nicaragua: S.E.
603:Kuhl, E. (2006).
552:Cacaopera artwork
144:
143:
999:
848:
847:
846:
836:
829:
822:
813:
801:
800:
799:
675:
668:
661:
652:
539:
538:
536:
516:
507:
506:
499:
493:
492:
490:
488:
479:
471:
465:
464:
457:
451:
450:
443:
437:
434:
428:
427:
420:
414:
413:
406:
400:
397:
391:
390:
388:
386:
376:
368:
359:
356:
350:
341:
335:
334:
332:
330:
316:
156:Cacaopera people
90:
88:
87:
73:
71:
70:
52:
50:
49:
40:Total population
32:
25:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
996:
972:
971:
970:
965:
954:
901:
856:
844:
842:
840:
810:
805:
797:
795:
789:
722:
684:
679:
573:. Managua: S.E.
566:. Ecuador: S.E.
548:
543:
542:
518:
517:
510:
501:
500:
496:
486:
484:
477:
473:
472:
468:
459:
458:
454:
445:
444:
440:
435:
431:
422:
421:
417:
408:
407:
403:
398:
394:
384:
382:
374:
370:
369:
362:
357:
353:
342:
338:
328:
326:
318:
317:
313:
308:
288:
272:
247:Central America
237:, and parts of
180:
85:
83:
82:
68:
66:
47:
45:
35:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1005:
1003:
995:
994:
989:
984:
974:
973:
967:
966:
959:
956:
955:
953:
952:
951:
950:
945:
940:
935:
925:
920:
915:
909:
907:
906:Non-Indigenous
903:
902:
900:
899:
894:
893:
892:
882:
877:
872:
866:
864:
858:
857:
841:
839:
838:
831:
824:
816:
807:
806:
794:
791:
790:
788:
787:
761:
756:
751:
746:
736:
730:
728:
727:Non-Indigenous
724:
723:
721:
720:
715:
714:
713:
711:Kʼicheʼ people
703:
698:
692:
690:
686:
685:
680:
678:
677:
670:
663:
655:
649:
648:
642:
636:
629:
622:
615:
608:
601:
595:
588:
581:
574:
567:
560:
555:
547:
544:
541:
540:
508:
494:
466:
452:
438:
429:
415:
401:
392:
360:
351:
336:
310:
309:
307:
304:
287:
284:
271:
268:
259:William Walker
179:
176:
142:
141:
131:
130:
126:
125:
121:
120:
116:
115:
105:
104:
100:
99:
63:
62:
58:
57:
42:
41:
37:
36:
33:
18:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1004:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
979:
977:
964:
963:
957:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
930:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
910:
908:
904:
898:
895:
891:
888:
887:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
867:
865:
863:
859:
855:
851:
837:
832:
830:
825:
823:
818:
817:
814:
804:
792:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
744:
740:
737:
735:
732:
731:
729:
725:
719:
716:
712:
709:
708:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
693:
691:
687:
683:
676:
671:
669:
664:
662:
657:
656:
653:
646:
643:
640:
637:
634:
630:
627:
623:
620:
616:
613:
609:
606:
602:
599:
596:
593:
589:
586:
582:
579:
575:
572:
568:
565:
561:
559:
556:
553:
550:
549:
545:
535:
530:
526:
522:
515:
513:
509:
504:
498:
495:
483:
476:
470:
467:
462:
456:
453:
448:
442:
439:
433:
430:
425:
424:"Naked Boaco"
419:
416:
411:
405:
402:
396:
393:
380:
373:
367:
365:
361:
355:
352:
348:
345:
340:
337:
325:
324:www.iwgia.org
321:
315:
312:
305:
303:
301:
297:
293:
285:
283:
279:
277:
269:
267:
264:
260:
256:
250:
248:
244:
243:Sebaco valley
240:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
215:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
192:
190:
189:South America
186:
177:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
148:
140:
136:
132:
127:
122:
117:
114:
110:
106:
101:
97:
93:
80:
76:
64:
59:
55:
43:
38:
31:
26:
960:
695:
644:
638:
632:
625:
618:
611:
604:
597:
591:
584:
577:
570:
563:
524:
497:
485:. Retrieved
481:
469:
455:
441:
432:
418:
404:
395:
383:. Retrieved
381:(in Spanish)
379:mined.gob.ni
378:
354:
346:
344:"Cacaopera."
339:
327:. Retrieved
323:
314:
289:
280:
275:
273:
254:
251:
216:
200:Mesoamerican
193:
187:origin from
181:
163:
159:
155:
153:
19:Ethnic group
948:Palestinian
890:Awas Tingni
743:Palestinian
527:: 105–117.
168:El Salvador
75:El Salvador
976:Categories
862:Indigenous
689:Indigenous
306:References
854:Nicaragua
696:Cacaopera
475:"The War"
292:Cacaopera
276:regidores
239:Matagalpa
172:Nicaragua
160:Matagalpa
113:Matagalpa
109:Cacaopera
103:Languages
96:Matagalpa
92:Nicaragua
54:Nicaragua
23:Cacaopera
897:Garifuna
286:Language
227:Jinotega
219:Nicaraos
139:Mayangna
119:Religion
56:- 97,500
933:English
918:Chinese
913:African
875:Nicarao
870:Miskito
780:Spanish
776:Italian
759:Mexican
754:Mestizo
734:African
185:Chibcha
178:History
135:Miskito
79:Morazán
962:Portal
943:Jewish
938:German
772:German
768:French
749:Jewish
231:Esteli
208:Estelí
89:
72:
51:
928:White
784:Swiss
764:White
718:Pipil
701:Lenca
487:9 May
478:(PDF)
385:9 May
375:(PDF)
329:9 May
235:Boaco
223:Nahua
204:Mayan
196:cacao
923:Roma
885:Sumo
880:Rama
739:Arab
706:Maya
489:2023
387:2023
331:2023
294:and
221:, a
170:and
164:Ulúa
154:The
137:and
852:in
529:doi
162:or
978::
782:,
778:,
774:,
770:,
523:.
511:^
480:.
377:.
363:^
322:.
233:,
229:,
191:.
174:.
111:,
81:)
835:e
828:t
821:v
786:)
766:(
745:)
741:(
674:e
667:t
660:v
607:.
537:.
531::
505:.
491:.
463:.
449:.
426:.
412:.
389:.
333:.
98:)
94:(
77:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
