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Kentucky cut the flagpole down. The monies due
Colonel Robinson for the use of his home and land from 1862 to 1865 remained due, and he filed claim right after this incident. In June 1869, he died bankrupt at age 51. The claim had not been satisfied, and a Congressional committee recommended that his widow, Margaret P. Robinson, be paid $ 7,420 for rent. The Quartermaster General denied the rest of the claim, and it took a joint resolution to approve the payment of $ 5,878.30 on July 15, 1870. By 1872, the great significance that once surrounded Camp Dick Robinson was gone, and Matilda Nelson Stockton had the remains of her brother, Maj. Gen. William Nelson, removed to the family plot at Maysville Cemetery. Margaret P. Robinson sold part of the farm in 1884, and eleven years later Lynn Hudson sold the home and 335 acres. In 1905, Hudson sold the last parcel of land associated with Camp Dick Robinson. The year before, Margaret P. Robinson had sued the U. S. government for reimbursement of $ 1,030.15 for lodging of troops, pasturage of cattle, and 980 bushels of salt supplied to troops in Tuscumbia, Alabama. In late 1906, the court decided that $ 227 represented a "reasonable" amount still due her.
235:, Richard M. Robinson owned 425 acres of first-class rolling pastureland at Hoskins Crossroads. Nelson considered this as a much better site for a camp of instruction and Robinson agreed to lease it to him. The main house was a profitable tavern with a storehouse, blacksmith shop, barn, mule-shed, and numerous outbuildings. The land extended one-half mile in either direction along the Danville and Lancaster Pikes and most importantly, it could sustain one thousand mules for four months out of the year. Water was supplied by numerous springs and the Dix River two miles west on the Danville Pike (U.S. 34). The high rugged banks of that river offered natural protection and there were "only three crossings." The upper road ran from
65:
185:
Lt. William Nelson, and distributed those arms to loyal Home Guard troops. This gave them the ability to stand up to the secessionist State Guard and emboldened
Kentuckians to elect nine of ten Union candidates on the single issue of keeping the state in the Union. That vote, on June 20, convinced Nelson that the charade of neutrality by both sides had ended. Garrard County Judge Allen A. Burton went to Washington and urged President
356:, and made that a base of operations for an intended advance against Richmond and Lexington. Ten days later, President Lincoln wrote to Indiana's Governor Morton to say he hoped "Zollicoffer has left Cumberland Gap (though I fear he has not, because, it he has, I rather infer his dread of Camp Dick Robinson, reinforced from Cincinnati, moving on him, than because of his intention to move on Louisville."
360:
assembled by Nelson beyond Crab
Orchard and east into the Rockcastle Hills to keep the enemy from coming north on the Wilderness Road. On October 21, those Union volunteers defeated the Confederates at the Battle of Camp Wildcat. At the end of November, Thomas went in pursuit of Zollicoffer near Somerset, and Camp Dick Robinson continued to serve as a receiving area for new troops that joined in the
49:
285:
wherever offered regiments for service in
Tennessee and Kentucky in such numbers and of such arms as you may consider necessary for the best interests of the country." That same morning thirteen carloads of food, military clothing, and arms went forward from Covington. On August 22, 1861, Nelson distributed the long-delayed weapons and equipment to the troops at Camp Dick Robinson.
72:
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directed that the
Confederate depot at Danville "be transferred as rapidly as practicable to Bryantsville and Camp Dick Robinson, where all supplies will in the future be concentrated." Bragg then ordered the establishment of "a camp of instruction for new troops . . . at or near the site of Old Camp
330:
feared "the conspiracy to precipitate
Kentucky into a revolution is complete. . . . If we lose Kentucky now, God help us." On September 3, all pretense of neutrality in Kentucky ended when Confederate troops moved up into western Kentucky and occupied Columbus. The Kentucky General Assembly promptly
239:
through
Dicksville and to Bryantsville, the middle crossing (U. S. 34) connected Danville with Hoskins Cross Roads, the lower was the Lancaster and Danville Road. Ten miles north on the Lancaster Pike (U.S. 27) was Hickman Bridge (Wernwag Bridge), the largest single-span covered bridge in the world.
184:
in April 1861, a majority of the citizens in the Mercer, Boyle, Garrard, and Casey counties of
Kentucky concluded that secession was "destructive of all permanent government and tending only to political chaos and anarchy." During the third week in May, key leaders obtained 700 muskets from U. S. N.
420:
In 1990, the
National Register of Historic Places added the Robinson house to the listings for Garrard County. New owners subsequently added a brick facade which led to the removal of the building from the register. The original appearance of the land suffered as a result of road development along
284:
that he did not understand why "a camp of loyal . . . Kentuckians" assembled under the flag of the Union . . . upon their native soil should be cause of apprehension." On August 13, Nelson received additional instructions to those of July 1, 1861, that called for him to also "accept and muster in
411:
The government lease of the
Richard M. Robinson farm ended on June 1, 1865. The following month, friends and associates of William Nelson commemorated his service by raising a huge silk flag up a 130-foot pole beside his grave on July 4. Two years later, citizens angered over federal policies in
393:
outnumbered him and he chose to withdraw from Kentucky. On October 13, his troops departed from Camp Breckinridge. Three days later, the Third Regiment Ohio Volunteer Cavalry arrived at Camp Dick Robinson and found Col. W. A. Hoskins in charge of stores abandoned by the Confederate Army. In the
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There were some 6,000-8,000 Confederates at Barbourville, and Lincoln made a memorandum that he wanted a movement made about October 5 "to seize and hold a point on the railroad connecting Virginia and Tennessee near . . . Cumberland Gap." Thomas had 9,000 troops, and he ordered those previously
162:. For Col. George C. Kniffen, "the wisdom of President Lincoln commissioning . . . Nelson to organize a military force on the soil of Kentucky" prevented making the state a "battle ground for many months" and it thereby changed the whole direction of the war. In 1864,
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assumed command at Camp Dick Robinson. Nelson received an appointment to Brigadier General of Volunteers with orders to raise another brigade and stop a Confederate incursion toward Lexington from eastern Kentucky. On September 19, Confederate troops under Brig. Gen.
301:
At the end of August, Nelson had 3,200 troops, 7,000 arms, and 6 pieces of artillery. There were 1,000 troops in Col. Robert K. Byrd's First Regiment Tennessee Volunteer Infantry and Col. James P. T. Carter's Second Regiment of Tennessee Volunteer Infantry. Col.
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and others to formulate a plan of support for loyalists in East Tennessee. On July 1, 1861, Nelson was detached from the Navy with instructions to organize a force of 10,000 troops. Two weeks later, Nelson spoke with Union leaders from southeastern Kentucky at
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the president would not "disavow, directly or by implication, the action of Lieutenant Nelson under the sanction of his own authority, given at the urgent instance of some of the wisest & best Union men in Ky. & Tenn." On August 26, Governor
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to organize Union men into regiments. This idea called for audacious leadership and as Burton started to leave the Executive Mansion, he encountered Lieutenant Nelson and promptly recommended him for that mission. Nelson met with Tennessee senator
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This double-drive 256-foot bridge also provided the only passageway above Frankfort. On the Jessamine County side was a majestic 400-foot limestone palisade, and at the top, a pleasant four-mile journey led to Nicholasville, the terminus for the
321:
Many believed the Confederates were about to make a two-column advance from Knoxville and Nashville that was to join with secessionists in Kentucky to "seize Frankfort, occupy Louisville, and carry the state out of the Union." That threat led
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reported to the U. S. Senate that Camp Dick Robinson "was one of the most noted military encampments of the war. . . . From its admirable locality and advantages, it was almost indispensable for the successful operations of the" Civil War.
940:
A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774â1875, Statutes at Large, 41st Cong., 2nd sess. (1870) Joint Resolution for the Relief of Margaret P. Robinson, No. 141, July 15, 1870, page 673, <
219:. Nelson chose the old inn at Bryant Springs as his headquarters and it was agreed they would raise thirty companies of infantry and five of cavalry. Thomas E. Bramlette had one company in camp on July 20 and another on July 24, 1861.
981:
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received a reply from President Lincoln that stated Camp Dick Robinson was "established at the request of many Kentuckians." He said they were an "indigenous force" and therefore would "respectively decline to remove" them.
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declared in a speech at Louisville "when Kentucky faltered, hesitated" in the early stages of the Civil War, that undecided "status was settled by WILLIAM NELSON, at Camp Dick Robinson." Six years later, Indiana Senator
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started a detachment of the Second Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry (later the Fourth) toward Camp Dick Robinson. At dusk, the First Regiment Kentucky Cavalry welcomed them with a salute from a mountain howitzer.
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elected twenty-seven men versus eleven states' rights men. That meant that out of 138 seats, there were now 103 (75 percent of the state legislature) who supported the Union. The following day, U. S. Congressman
276:, declared that intentions to supply these Union volunteers with arms was as "equipped for mischief as if it had been contrived . . . by the Devil himself." The "Covington Journal" gleefully reported that other
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on August 12, and nine days later, 'the largest concourse ever assembled in Garrard County" observed the re-interment of William "Bull" Nelson behind the original headquarters home at Camp Dick Robinson.
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entered Kentucky with 12,000 troops that he advanced against Richmond and Lexington. Kirby Smith ordered the dispersal of the Garrard County Home Guard on September 27, and Maj. Gen.
970:, 3 (January 1905), 80; U. S. Congressional Serial Set, 59th Congress, 2nd session December 3, 1906 â March 4, 1907, issue 5070, Senate Document No. 120 (Washington, 1907), 3: 63.
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Sen. Daniel D. Pratt, Committee of Claims, Relief of Margaret P. Robinson of Kentucky, U. S. Serial Set 1409, vol. 1 (S. Report No. 130, 41st Cong., 2nd sess. (1870): 1-6.
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informed his colleagues in the House that he had learned Kentucky "is wholly for the Union." Plans called for the recruits to encamp after the election, and Col.
306:'s, Third Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry had about 600 men. Col. Speed S. Fry's Fourth Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry had about 600 men; and Col.
565:
Series, volume (part), and page; National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 94, Letters Sent and Received 1861â71, Thomas E. Bramlette (720B)
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1106:
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Kentucky Unionists of 1861: Address of William Cassius Goodloe ... read before the Society of ex-army and navy officers in Cincinnati, Ohio. April 1
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armed Kentuckians loyal to the Union and that soon became the foundation for his receiving authority to enlist 10,000 troops for a campaign into
1096:
801:
Campaigns in Kentucky and Tennessee, including the battle of Chickamauga, 1862â1864: Papers of the Military Historical Society of Massachusetts
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64:
688:
William Nelson to John J. Crittenden, August 16, 1861, John J. Crittenden Papers, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington D. C.
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had about 400 troops and Capt. John M. Hewitt, Battery B, First Kentucky Artillery about 20 men. At Knoxville, Confederate Brig. Gen.
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on January 19, 1862. That victory enabled the Army of the Ohio to march into middle Tennessee and occupy Nashville in late February.
247:
On August 5, 1861, Union men in Kentucky elected seventy-six men to the House of Representatives versus the twenty-four men in the
763:
History of the Army of the Cumberland: Its Organization, Campaigns, Battles, Written at the Request of General George H. Thomas
942:
898:
History of the Service of the Third Ohio Veteran Volunteer Cavalry in the War for the Preservation of the Union from 1861â1865
651:
1025:
731:
John Niven, ed. The Salmon P. Chase Papers, 5 vols. (Akron: Kent State University Press, 1993) 3: 85-86, 88-89 (quotation).
310:'s Seventh Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry about 600 men. The First Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Cavalry under Col.
147:
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had previously obtained permission to replace Lt. Nelson with a regular army officer, and on September 15, Brig. Gen.
340:
499:
252:
1004:
The foundation for this article came from chapter five, "Neutrality with a Vengeance": 49â62. Donald A.Clark.
624:(Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2000), 941. In 1927, a steel bridge replaced the original structure.
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who had arms and ammunition ready to issue to them. Some ten days later, Bragg discovered during the bloody
830:
Abraham Lincoln, Complete Works, Comprising His Speeches, Letters, State Papers, and Miscellaneous Writings
506:(G. Putnam and Sons: New York, 1907), 109; Daniel Stevenson, "General Nelson, Kentucky, and Lincoln Guns,"
331:
asked Governor Magoffin to "call out the military force of the State to expel and drive out the invaders."
381:
Dick Robinson, to be known as Camp Breckinridge." The recruits were to form at Bryantsville and report to
361:
353:
204:
561:, Series 1, 2, 3. 70 vols. 128 serials (Washington: 1880â1901), Series 1, 4: 251-53, hereafter cited as
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to say Camp Dick Robinson "must not be removed, even if it be the cause of civil war." Indiana Governor
280:"are making efforts to arrest the movement, and break up the camps." The perplexed Nelson wrote to Sen.
448:
382:
307:
587:
Pratt, S. Report No. 130, 1-6. This corrects the mistaken impression that Robinson owned 3,200 acres.
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early spring of 1863, plans to conduct the long-neglected East Tennessee expedition led to Maj. Gen.
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315:
257:
559:
The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies
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303:
200:
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463:
History of the Thirty-Third Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry During the Four Years of Civil War
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A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774â1875
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http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=016/llsl016.db&recNum=708
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http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llcg&fileName=057/llcg057.db&recNum=475
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398:'s becoming commander of the newly reformed Army of the Ohio. Those troops departed from
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The official dedication took place on August 10, and the following day the editor of the
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Stories and Speeches of William O. Bradley: with a biographical sketch by M.H. Thatcher
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608:"Two Noted Civil War Recruiting Camps: A Look at Camp Dick Robinson and Camp Nelson,"
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323:
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289:
228:
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Series 1, 16, (2), 815, 883 ("transferred"), 887 ("Camp Breckinridge"), 52 (2), 367.
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was informed that Nelson was being reinforced by another "400 or 500 per day."
236:
803:(Boston: Military Historical Society of Massachusetts, 1908) 7:246 (quotation).
207:. The later town was conveniently located at the south end of the turnpike in
159:
1067:
1054:
616:(Frankfort: Kentucky Historical Society, 1990), 2-3; Lancaster Woman's Club,
277:
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Some seven miles north of Lancaster and twelve miles from the rail depot at
962:"Two Noted Civil War Camps: A Look at Camp Dick Robinson and Camp Nelson,"
778:
New York Times, September 1, 1862 (quotation); OR Series 1, 4: 255-56.
519:
Rev. Roger J. Bartman, "Joseph Holt and Kentucky in the Civil War,"
885:
Bluegrass Confederate: The Headquarters Diary of Edward O. Guerrant
860:
Thirty-Fifth Ohio: A Narrative of Service from August, 1861 to 1864
620:(Lancaster, Private Printing, 1974), 275; John E. Kleber, ed. The
862:(Archer, Housh & Co. Printers: Fort Wayne, Indiana: 1894), 25.
438:
1102:
National Register of Historic Places in Garrard County, Kentucky
1112:
American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places
1008:
Carbondale, Il: Southern Illinois University Press, 2011.
982:"Civil War marker to be dedicated at Camp Dick in Garrard"
614:
Camp Dick Robinson Holding Kentucky for the Union in 1861.
1006:
The Notorious "Bull" Nelson: Murdered Civil War General .
832:
2 vols. (Century Co.: New York, 1894), 2: 83 (quotation).
709:
William H. Perrin, J. H. Battle, and G. C. Kniffin, eds.
887:(Louisiana University Press: Baton Rouge, 1999), 159-60
713:(1887. Reprint, Southern Historical Press, 1979), 368.
421:
U.S. 27, and work was done to establish a new marker.
814:
Journal of the Senate of the Commonwealth of Kentucky
546:
The Life and Public Services of Salmon Portland Chase
242:
Covington & Lexington (Kentucky Central) Railroad
675:"Louisville Journal", August 11, 1861 (quotation);
136:
128:
123:
110:
102:
94:
84:
966:). "Clippings and Paragraphs of Current History,"
662:Series 1, 4: 381 (remaining quotations); Tarrant,
816:(Frankfort: John B. Major, 1861), 80 (quotation).
154:. On August 6, 1861, those recruits marched into
931:(Lexington) "Kentucky Statesman," June 28, 1867.
158:, making it the first Federal base south of the
799:Military Historical Society of Massachusetts,
765:(1875. Reprint, New York: Smithmark, 1996) 4;
576:The Wild Riders of the First Kentucky Cavalry
8:
953:(Lexington: Transylvania Printing, 1916), 3.
909:Eliza A Herring, "The Hoskins of Kentucky,"
883:William C. Davis, Meredith L. Swentor, eds.
968:Register of the Kentucky Historical Society
911:Register of the Kentucky Historical Society
465:(Wm. R. Burford: Indianapolis, 1900), 32-24
53:The farmhouse at Camp Dick Robinson in 1887
650:, Senate, 37th Congress, 1st Session <
71:
47:
612:(March 2000), 60-63; Susan Lyons Hughes,
36:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
740:"Two Noted Civil War Recruiting Camps,"
637:(Cincinnati: P. G. Thompson, 1884), 15.
578:(Louisville: R. H. Carothers, 1894), 9.
430:
146:In mid-May 1861, U. S. Navy lieutenant
439:"National Register Information System"
372:In August 1862, Confederate Maj. Gen.
18:
504:The Union Cause in Kentucky 1860â1865
7:
444:National Register of Historic Places
900:(The Stoneman Press: Toledo, 1910).
757:, 362-63, 373 (quotation); Kleber,
498:, May 17 (quotation) June 7, 1861;
215:some sixty-five miles north of the
1092:Kentucky in the American Civil War
1038:1895 article on Camp Dick Robinson
14:
980:Edwards, Brenda (13 June 2013).
913:, 15 (May 1917), 11 (quotation).
847:Kentucky: A History of the State
755:Kentucky: A History of the State
711:Kentucky: A History of the State
70:
63:
1107:1861 establishments in Kentucky
843:Abraham Lincoln, Complete Works
722:Stevenson, "Lincoln Guns," 137.
27:Camp Dick Robinson Headquarters
790:, August 31, 1861 (quotation).
679:, August 17, 1861 (quotation).
557:United States War Department,
211:and it was at the head of the
112:
1:
1097:American Civil War army posts
521:Filson Club History Quarterly
251:movement. In the Senate, the
845:, 2:83 (quotation); Perrin,
761:, 158; Thomas B. Van Horne,
658:, August 6, 1861, page 458;
508:Magazine of American History
34:Formerly listed on the
16:United States historic place
812:Kentucky General Assembly,
1128:
622:Encyclopedia of Louisville
922:Pratt, S. Report No. 130.
896:Thomas Crofts, compiler,
618:Patches of Garrard County
548:(New York, 1874), 427-28.
510:10 (August 1883), 127-28.
180:With the outbreak of the
111:NRHP reference
58:
46:
42:
32:
25:
21:
288:Secretary Chase advised
194:, Secretary of Treasury
986:The Advocate Messenger
700:Series 1, 52 (1), 186.
362:Battle of Mill Springs
354:Barbourville, Kentucky
1068:37.68944°N 84.65917°W
759:Kentucky Encyclopedia
744:, 60-63 (quotations).
599:Series 1, 16 (1), 433
574:Sergeant E. Tarrant,
523:40 (April 1966), 117.
449:National Park Service
383:Simon Bolivar Buckner
308:Theophilus T. Garrard
148:William "Bull" Nelson
98:7 acres (2.8 ha)
544:Jacob W. Schuckers,
533:The National Tribune
387:Battle of Perryville
316:Felix K. Zollicoffer
258:Charles A. Wickliffe
1073:37.68944; -84.65917
1064: /
858:Frederick W. Keil,
656:Congressional Globe
648:Congressional Globe
633:William C. Goodoe,
407:After the Civil War
396:Ambrose E. Burnside
304:Thomas E. Bramlette
1043:2008-07-20 at the
1029:, November 1, 1862
947:William O. Bradley
828:, John Hay, eds.,
496:Louisville Journal
374:Edmund Kirby Smith
282:John J. Crittenden
274:George D. Prentice
270:Louisville Journal
223:Hoskins Crossroads
156:Camp Dick Robinson
89:Danville, Kentucky
1014:978-0-8093-3011-9
964:Kentucky Explorer
788:Covington Journal
769:, August 28, 1861
742:Kentucky Explorer
677:Covington Journal
610:Kentucky Explorer
535:, March 15, 1883.
461:John R. McBride,
350:Felix Zollicoffer
335:Change of command
144:
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137:Removed from NRHP
132:December 12, 1976
124:Significant dates
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85:Nearest city
1071: /
1034:Louisville
664:Wild Riders
400:Camp Nelson
339:Brig. Gen.
237:Harrodsburg
1086:Categories
1059:84°39â˛33âłW
1056:37°41â˛22âłN
425:References
176:Background
160:Ohio River
841:Nicolay,
278:Old Whigs
253:Unionists
201:Lancaster
182:Civil War
1041:Archived
991:14 March
753:Perrin,
666:, 13-18.
118:76000888
416:Present
352:seized
187:Lincoln
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103:Built
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993:2016
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203:and
106:1850
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