591:. Each year, approximately 200 Camp Fire youth throughout the nation receive the WoHeLo Award. A member may apply for the award after completing four major long-term projects called Reflections, and three self-selected projects, called Advocacies, dealing with an area of concern of the youth member's choosing. The first must be to Camp Fire; the second cannot be to Camp Fire; and the third can either be in Camp Fire or outside of Camp Fire. Each of the three Advocacies must involve leading, teaching, serving, and speaking out. Many councils have removed the requirement that Advocacies must be completed to the Camp Fire program, citing that opportunities do not always exist for members enrolled in all areas of the country. The third requirement for a Camp Fire WoHeLo Award is to "know Camp Fire". Youth are required to read the History of Camp Fire, tour the office of their council, or follow another approved method of understanding the services Camp Fire provides.
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Community Family Clubs also provide opportunities to create strong partnerships with corporations, schools, faith-based communities, child care settings and other community organizations to advance the needs of children, youth, and families across the country. Families come together once a month to share a meal and participate in a recognition ceremony designed to recognize both individual and group accomplishments. The club then breaks into age-level groups for an activity session led by a team of parents who volunteer for the short-term assignment for that month. This program offers parents and guardians the ability to find a community support group for raising their families, and also provides positive family interaction base on structured, educational and fun experiences and activities.
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activities. While boys were invited to Camp Fire Girls
Horizon Conferences in the late 1960s and early 1970s, official membership was not offered to them until 1975, when the organization became co-ed. Camp Fire decided that boys and girls should be together in one organization, so that they learn to play and work alongside each other and appreciate their similarities and differences in positive ways.
261:—practice their parts in the community's 150th anniversary, which would be celebrated the following summer. The pageant's organizer, William Chauncey Langdon, promised the girls that they too would have an organized role in the pageant, although no organization similar to the Boy Scouts existed for girls at the time. Langdon consulted with Mrs. Charles Farnsworth , preceptress of
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Official national recognition items are one of Camp Fire's defining features, aimed to help children and adults build self-esteem and have pride in their accomplishments. For their participation, growth and achievements, youth receive items such as beads, emblems, pins, and certificates. At the early
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proposed that the Camp Fire Girls merge with her group, Girl Guides of
America, but was rejected in January 1913 as the Camp Fire Girls were then the larger group. By December 1913, Camp Fire Girls' membership was an estimated 60,000, many of whom began attending affiliated summer camps. The Bluebird
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A common Camp Fire approach is to let the youth decide on their activities, allowing them to feel a sense of ownership with their camp schedule and helping them to become more proactive. It is Camp Fire's belief that any program activity that the group does together is not as important or lasting as
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is for sixth through eighth grades, giving young people an opportunity to explore new interesting fields. Club members do much of their own planning and decision making, with the adult leader functioning more as an advisor than a supervisor. This is when Camp Fire youth are eligible to make and wear
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Camp Fire Girls celebrated its 50th anniversary in 1960 with the "She Cares ... Do You?" program. During the project, Camp Fire Girls planted more than two million trees, built 13,000 birdhouses, and completed several other conservation-oriented tasks. To commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Camp
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produced a Camp Fire Girls board game. There were no turns in the game; everyone played at the same time. The game ended when someone entered the "Log Cabin
Council Fire", which could only occur on an exact count. The winner of the game was the person who had collected the most "Honor Beads" on the
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Originally, the Camp Fire ceremonial gown was based on Native
American women's gowns, and was made optional in 1946. Today, a member may choose any style of ceremonial attire, particularly if it honors their ethnic background, such as tunics, kimonos, and Scandinavian skirts/aprons. The ceremonial
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Community Family Club is a program designed by Camp Fire to provide developmental programs for the whole family. The goal is to include at least one adult family member or a supporting adult from the community with every child who attends. Siblings of all ages, infants through teens, are included.
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Camp Fire is the largest coeducational nonsectarian camp provider, operating more than 110 environmental and camp programs throughout the United States, and annually serving more than 34,000 school-age youth. Its outdoor experiences help children work in groups, make friends and build self-esteem,
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The principles of Teens in Action are based on youth–adult partnerships and learning through empowering experiences. Its intent is to build strong ties between teens and their families, schools and communities, and to put a spotlight on issues of concern to youth. This program is based on the idea
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Youth are able to earn beads while completing projects on the “Camp Fire Trails" as well as emblems. Previously, once the participants earned ten of one type of bead, they were awarded a larger one of the same type to represent the ten smaller ones. By 2006, there was one bead for each of the Camp
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quit the group over the rejection of her committee's draft of a handbook, followed by Linda Beard in
September 1911 over differences with the Gulicks. However, there was an organization meeting held by Lina Beard on February 7, 1912 in Flushing, New York of a Girl Pioneers of America organization.
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In 1983, a club program for kindergarteners was introduced, called Sparks. In 1989, these two age groups were combined, and a new program level for kindergarten, first, and second graders called
Starflight was created. The Little Stars program for pre-schoolers was added in 2005. The tradition of
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The
Counselor in Training (CIT) program is available to all youth over 16 years of age who have an interest in becoming a counselor. The CIT program provides youth with leadership skills, self-confidence, decision-making skills and camping basics. Camp Fire's CIT program and manual are frequently
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Camp Fire has nationally developed youth development programs that are delivered through local and statewide councils and community partners across the nation. Programs are specific to community needs and some may not be available in all communities. The five outcome-based program areas include:
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In Small-Group Clubs and
Mentoring Opportunities, boys and girls usually meet once a week for an hour, learning to work and play together through service projects. Camp Fire has numerous youth-development programs that are delivered through local and statewide councils and community partners.
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The Teens in Action program is built on Camp Fire's tradition of recognizing youth as part of the solution to today's social challenges. Working together with young people, Teens in Action strives to improve the communities where youth live, to challenge them to learn new skills and provide
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Posts (for boys 14 and older). This arrangement ended in 1971, when the BSA made
Explorers a co-ed program. By 1974, Camp Fire's membership was at 274,000 in 1,300 communities of the United States. Camp Fire Girls expanded its horizons in 1975, welcoming boys to participate in all Camp Fire
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culture influenced the early years of Camp Fire, serving as the inspiration for ceremonial activities and attire, camp and council names, respect for nature and the environment, and the use of symbols by many councils. For Camp Fire, Native
American symbolism was a natural outgrowth of an
444:, a call to action for all adults to communicate their love and commitment to children through letters, took place in 1997. In 2003, to further its commitment to inclusiveness, Camp Fire USA began translating its curricula to Spanish. As a way to excite and educate children in Pre-K, the
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Camp Fire's programs include small group experiences, after-school programs, camping, as well as environmental education, child care, and service-learning; They aim to build confidence in younger children and provide hands-on, youth-driven leadership experiences for older youth.
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All Camp Fire members between third and sixth grade are encouraged to choose a name that best reflects their personality and aspirations. At this time they are also encouraged to choose a symbol or "symbolgram". Clubs are encouraged to choose a Native American name.
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Started in 1997, Absolutely Incredible Kid Day (AIKD) is a national annual campaign in which adults write letters of love and support to the young people in their lives. This event is held the third Thursday of March, to correspond to the founding date of Camp Fire.
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while learning about ecology, conservation and the interrelationships of all living things. The Camp Fire camping and environmental education experience teaches youth to work in teams and make friends, while building self-esteem and good decision making skills.
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was issued featuring the Camp Fire Girls insignia. A new program, Junior Hi, where twelve- and thirteen-year-old girls explored new interests as a group and as individuals, was created in 1962. This program name changed later to Discovery. That same year, the
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is for boys and girls in kindergarten through second grade. The children meet regularly in adult-supervised clubs. Meeting activities focus on the outdoors, creativity, service, acquiring new skills, learning more about themselves, and getting along with
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Service Learning has always been a large part of the Camp Fire curriculum. In 2008–2009, Camp Fire councils engaged a total of 2,864 older youth in service learning projects, totaling over 108,852 hours of work with 116 community partners. Working with
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is for boys and girls in third through fifth grade. Adventure members earn Action Crafts beads for the new things they do and the good habits they learn. At this level, youth begin to accept more responsibility for choosing and planning their club
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For adults, recognition items signify outstanding achievement or the number of years they have been adult Camp Fire USA members. Adults in programming or board positions are recognized on the local level for their important roles in Camp Fire.
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On March 22, 1911, Dr. Gulick organized a meeting "to consider ways and means of doing for the girls what the Boy Scout movement is designed to do for the boys." On April 10, 1911 James E. West issued a press release from the
206:, is a co-ed youth development organization. Camp Fire was the first nonsectarian, multicultural organization for girls in America. It is now gender-inclusive, and its programs emphasize camping and other outdoor activities.
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Hold on to Health is a Camp Fire program that helps to teach children to make healthy decisions regarding exercise and eating. It also encourages children to get their families and other youth involved in becoming healthy.
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attire is decorated with honor beads, earned emblems, and other personal items the member chooses. Sometimes the youth's symbolgram, a symbol created by the youth to represent themself, is used on the ceremonial attire.
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In previous years, Absolutely Incredible Kid Day developed a following, including athletes, entertainers, and celebrities who have championed the cause by writing letters to America's youth, including former presidents
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headquarters announcing that with the success of the Boy Scout movement, a group of preeminent New York men and women were organizing a group to provide outdoor activities for girls, similar to those in the Boy Scouts.
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levels, Camp Fire leaders help youth choose activities and guide them in earning the recognition items. As teens, members select their own activities and develop their own action plans for earning recognition items.
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leadership in areas never thought possible. Programs of this nature aim to inspire and honor community responsibility, contribute to the future of American volunteerism, and encourage a sense of caring for others.
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is for high school-age youth in grades nine through twelve. Members participate in self-guided programs geared toward preparing them for adult responsibilities and community service. Members may earn the WoHeLo
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comic in celebration of Camp Fire's 75th anniversary with the Riverdale gang working as counselors there. British writers have also used Camp Fire and their rituals in British children's fiction—author
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Since Camp Fire's inception, it has been about getting girls out in the wilderness to learn. The Gulick family had formed Camp WoHeLo before they had the idea to start the Camp Fire Organization.
284:. There were seventeen girls at the camp in the summer of 1910. Both the Vermont group and the Maine group would lead to the creation of the organization formally called Camp Fire Girls in 1912.
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In 1975, the Camp Fire Girls of America changed its membership policy to being co-ed and its name to Camp Fire Boys and Girls. In 1977, Camp Fire's head office moved to its current location in
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program was introduced that year for younger girls, offering an exploration of ideas and creative play built around family and community. In 1989, the Bluebirds became Starflight.
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program, for grades K–8, is the nation's only organized and measurable introduction to service-learning. To date, over 100,000 children have participated in this program.
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is for children ages three through five, and provides parents and preschool youth with a program-driven playgroup that gives them the opportunity to learn, grow and play.
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Small-Group Clubs and Mentoring Opportunities; Leadership Development; Camping and Environmental Education; Child Care; and Self-Reliance and Service–Learning Classes.
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near Thetford, Vermont. Both approached Luther Halsey Gulick M.D. about creating a national organization for girls. Gulick introduced the idea to friends, among them
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Many names have been used within Camp Fire to identify different age groups. For many years, Camp Fire's youngest elementary school members were known as Bluebirds.
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Throughout the years, Camp Fire has appeared in many novels written for youth. Irene Ellion Benson wrote one of the first books to incorporate Camp Fire, called
607:, 27 Camp Fire councils were able to get 1,731 teens to help over 70,300 youth and family members from low-income housing understand emergency preparedness. The
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appreciation for differences and cultural inclusiveness. The theory was that such symbolism enabled—and even encouraged—self-reflection and personal growth.
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series, which portrayed many of Camp Fire's activities, rituals, and ceremonies, including their summer camps. In the 1980s, Camp Fire was featured in the
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the effects of being with a group of peers and a supportive adult in an environment where they are able to share their feelings and learn from experience.
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653:"The organization shall endeavor to aid in the formation of habits making for health and vigor, the out-of-door habit, and the out-of-door spirit."
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The first official Camp Fire Girls handbook was published in 1913. During World War I, Camp Fire Girls helped to sell over one million dollars in
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In 2004, the WoHeLo Award was expanded to Teens in Action members, allowing all high-school-aged Camp Fire members to work toward the award.
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when membership eligibility was expanded to include boys. In 2001, the name Camp Fire USA was adopted, and in 2012 it became Camp Fire.
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While Camp Fire was America's first multiracial, multicultural, and nonsectarian organization for girls, we became co-ed in 1975.
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Established in 1962, the WoHeLo Award is a medallion named for Camp Fire's watchword "WoHeLo". WoHeLo is derived from the words
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from New York. Teens in Action was introduced in 1988 as a one-time social issue campaign to energize the older teen program.
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Cultural Appropriation and the Crafting of Racialized Selves in American Youth Organizations: Toward an Ethnographic Approach
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In 2012, Camp Fire underwent a re-branding, changing the traditional flame logo changed to a more contemporary "Spark Mark."
358:; 55,000 girls helped to support French and Belgian orphans, and an estimated 68,000 girls earned honors by conserving food.
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221:, near South Casco, Maine. Camp Fire Girls, as it was known at the time, was created as the sister organization to the
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Giving a worldwide view of the History and Progress of the Sunday School and the Development of Religious Education...
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with members of the Boy Scouts of America and the Camp Fire Girls celebrating the 50th anniversary of their founding.
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program, first developed by Camp Fire Green Country, was introduced nationally in 2005. Designated for ages 3–5,
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Camp Fire Girls of America was incorporated in Washington, D.C, as a national agency on March 17, 1912.
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2363:'Meeting the Needs of Today's Girl': Youth Organizations and the Making of a Modern Girlhood, 1945-1980
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Helgren, Jennifer (2014). "Native American and White Camp Fire Girls Enact Modern Girlhood, 1910–39".
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772:, published in 1912. Benson published six more books about Camp Fire between 1912 and 1918. In 1913,
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Girl Scouts, camp fire girls, and woodcraft girls: The ideology of girls' scouting novels, 1910–1935
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McCallum, Mary Jane (2005). "'The Fundamental Things': Camp Fire Girls and Authenticity, 1910-20".
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Hahner, Leslie. (2008). "Practical Patriotism: Camp Fire Girls, Girl Scouts, and Americanization".
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Fire Girls, in connection with their Golden Jubilee Convention celebration, a stamp designed by
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In 1907, the Gulicks had established Camp WoHeLo, a camp for girls, on Lake Sebago, near South
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713:. On social media, Absolutely Incredible Kid Day uses the hashtags #KidDay and #AIKD.
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that young people are the key to the future and are making a difference in the world.
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Red, White & Blue – (formerly Citizenship, replaced with Royal Blue in 2003)
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incorporated the Camp Fire League into one of her fictional girls' boarding schools,
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Its informal roots extend back to 1910, with efforts by Mrs. Charles Farnsworth in
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365:. Kansas City would later become the national headquarters for Camp Fire in 1977.
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used by not only Camp Fire but also other organizations, and is approved by the
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Turquoise – (formerly Science – Trail to Knowing Me, discontinued in 2003)
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ceremonial attire, often gowns or tunics, worn only at Camp Fire ceremonials.
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Officials of both the Boy Scouts of America and the Camp Fire Girls were:
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Yellow – Business & Home – Trail to Family and Community
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way around the board (not necessarily the person who ended the game).
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Growing Girls: The Natural Origins of Girls' Organizations in America
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Double Game Board Camp Fire Girls and Checkers. Parker Brothers Inc.
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The Camp Fire Girls: Gender, Race, and American Girlhood, 1910–1980
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Brown – Outdoors & Environment – Trail to Environment
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Bluebirds has been preserved as a Camp Fire mascot for all ages.
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Red – Sports, Games & Science – Trail to the Future
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aims to builds confidence and a sense of belonging in children.
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970:– TV spokeswoman for the Camp Fire Girls in the 1950s and 1960s
1292:"Moscow District Camp Fire Girls – Historical Background"
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Royal Blue – (formerly Citizenship, discontinued in 2003)
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In 1969, Camp Fire Girls were allowed to be "Participants" in
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The first local Camp Fire Girls council was formed in 1918 in
2507:
Scouting for Girls: A Century of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts
1042:"Diversity, Equity & Inclusion at Camp Fire | Camp Fire"
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medallion became Camp Fire's highest achievement and honor.
30:"Camp Fire Girls" redirects here. For the novel series, see
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Bucker, Helen; Fielder, Mary F.; Allen, Martha F. (1961).
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Erin Risner, Senior Director, Marketing and Communications
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Orange – (formerly Home Craft, discontinued in 2003)
37:"Campfire Girls" redirects here. For the rock band, see
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Non-aligned Scouting organizations in the United States
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In 1911, the Camp Fire Girls planned to merge with the
1720:. Northern Illinois University Library. Archived from
1404:. Vol. 1. George S. Barton & Co. p. 30.
858:
McKenzie Napier, National Youth Advisory Cabinet Chair
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watched their brothers, friends, and schoolmates—all
2439:
Inness, Sherrie A. (1997). Sherrie A. Inness (ed.).
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Wo-He-Lo: The Story of the Campfire Girls, 1910-1960
1272:. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan. p. 220
1151:"Girls Take Up the Boy Scout Idea and Band Together"
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1746:Wrenn, Charles Gilbert; Harley, Dudley Lee (1974).
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1401:Now Come the Girl Scouts to Emulate the Boy Scouts
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549:Green – Creativity – Trail to Creativity
300:Mrs. Charlotte Gulick with Campfire Girls in 1915
217:, M.D., and his wife, Charlotte Vedder Gulick, on
2089:. Camp Fire USA Big River Council. Archived from
1126:Wo-He-Lo; the story of Camp Fire Girls, 1910-1960
1008:
1006:
225:. The organization changed its name in 1975 to
3224:Youth organizations based in the United States
2445:. The University of Wisconsin Press. pp.
852:Stephen “Steve” C. Franke, Jr., CPA, Treasurer
2556:
2062:"Camp Fire's Family Club Builds Partnerships"
1448:
1446:
8:
1563:. University of Georgia Press. p. 381.
1062:Turner Strong, Pauline (December 18, 2008).
570:Purple – (small beads) Special Projects
2376:Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies
1815:. Camp Fire USA. p. 21. Archived from
1513:, Luther Halsey Gulick, George E. Johnson,
1210:
1208:
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2645:
2579:
2563:
2549:
2541:
1266:Farnsworth, Charlotte Joy (Allen) (1921).
770:How Ethel Hollister Became a Campfire Girl
54:
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2626:Organization of Russian Young Pathfinders
1557:Chirhart, Ann Short; Wood, Betty (2007).
901:Chris Wagner, Director, Office Technology
3219:1912 establishments in the United States
2605:International Scout and Guide Fellowship
2369:(Dissertation thesis). Brown University.
1014:"A Long History of Helping Youth Thrive"
898:Connie Dresie, Director, Council Support
84:informally 1910; formally March 17, 1912
3214:Youth organizations established in 1912
3209:Youth organizations established in 1910
2355:. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
1373:"From The Lean-To: The Camp Fire Girls"
1117:
1115:
1002:
2712:Federation of North-American Explorers
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2303:from the original on December 11, 2021
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2035:The Play Movement and Its Significance
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1715:"Camp Fire Girls, Salt Creek Council"
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1218:. Camp Fire USA. 2005. Archived from
308:, formed by Clara A. Lisetor-Lane of
7:
2820:American Indian Scouting Association
2196:. Vintage Kids Stuff. Archived from
2067:. Department of Education. p. 8
1695:. Smithsonian National Postal Museum
1560:Georgia Women: Their Lives and Times
2536:The Book of Camp Fire Girls c. 1913
2291:"Lauren Graham on Bonnie Hunt Show"
1241:"10 reasons we are campfire strong"
1149:Marshall, Edward (March 17, 1912).
709:, and astronaut and former Senator
2194:"Camp Fire Girls—Ceremonial Gowns"
1398:Lane, Joseph J., ed. (July 1911).
25:
2621:Külföldi Magyar Cserkészszövetség
2221:"Camp Fire in Children's Fiction"
2148:"Camp Fire Names and Symbolgrams"
2038:. The Macmillan Company. p.
1968:"Historical Origins of Camp Fire"
1896:. Alpha Phi Omega. Archived from
820:often mentioned Camp Fire in her
567:Lime Green – Discovery level
245:Photograph of Luther Gulick from
2769:Baden-Powell Scouts' Association
2590:Baden-Powell Service Association
1752:. Ayer Publishing. p. 114.
1495:– via alicemariebeard.com.
846:Greg Zweber, President & CEO
637:Camp and environmental education
182:
181:
169:
162:
155:
149:
2530:Historical origins of Camp Fire
2406:. University of Nebraska Press.
2112:Forman-Brunell, Miriam (2001).
2032:Curtis, Henry Stoddard (1917).
1645:The New International Year Book
1624:. George H. Doran Company. 1913
1591:McFarland, John Thomas (1915).
1093:Cathy Tisdale (July 19, 2012).
2171:Indian Names Facts & Games
1648:. Dodd, Mead and Company. 1920
1597:T. Nelson & Sons. p.
1130:. Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
764:In fiction and popular culture
32:Camp Fire Girls (novel series)
1:
2825:U.S. Scouting Service Project
2572:Scouting in the United States
2174:. Thomsen—Bryan—Ellis Company
1865:"History | Camp Fire Georgia"
1668:"Camp Fire Girls Game (1926)"
1322:. NYU Press. pp. 49–51.
803:also featured Camp Fire in a
793:Nancy Drew and the Hardy Boys
681:Absolutely Incredible Kid Day
659:Counselor in Training program
442:Absolutely Incredible Kid Day
71:
2118:. ABC-CILO. pp. 85–87.
892:Shawna Rosenzweig, President
722:Bluebirds, Blue Jays, Sparks
666:American Camping Association
2631:Polish Scouting Association
2486:Canadian Journal of History
2402:Helgren, Jennifer. (2022).
2323:"Patrice Munsel: Biography"
2168:Poast, Florence M. (1916).
1923:"NPO Spotlight – News"
1813:"Information Resource Book"
1621:The Book of Camp Fire Girls
1481:""Girl Pioneers," New Club"
991:Scouting in popular culture
841:National Board of Trustees:
27:American youth organization
3240:
3169:American Scouting overseas
2727:SpiralScouts International
2505:Proctor, Tammy M. (2009).
2360:Foley, Jessica L. (2010).
1925:. Philanthropy News Digest
1891:"Camp Fire USA Fact Sheet"
1781:"Camp Fire Boys and Girls"
1351:"Scout Like Organizations"
986:Religious emblems programs
830:For the Sake of the School
204:Camp Fire Girls of America
36:
29:
2837:
2707:Christian Service Brigade
2578:
2388:10.1080/14791420801989702
1453:Miller, Susan A. (2007).
1184:. NYU Press. p. 51.
1095:"It Pays to Be Inclusive"
855:Mara H. Cohara, Secretary
734:Native American influence
703:Pro Football Hall of Fame
180:
146:
135:
121:
53:
3199:AmeriCorps organizations
3194:Camp Fire (organization)
3145:Northern Mariana Islands
2756:Historical organizations
2641:Scout-like organizations
1946:"For One Camp Fire Bead"
1545:Camp Fire Girls Handbook
1533:, Lucien T. Warner, and
1269:The Arrow of Pi Beta Phi
1072:10.1177/1532708608325918
476:The program levels are:
253:In 1910, young girls in
227:Camp Fire Boys and Girls
2789:Rhode Island Boy Scouts
2687:American Heritage Girls
1693:"Camp Fire Girls Issue"
861:Melanie Lockwood Herman
605:Learn and Serve America
2784:New England Boy Scouts
2779:Lone Scouts of America
2774:Boy Rangers of America
2742:Troops of Saint George
2600:Girl Scouts of the USA
2583:Scouting organizations
2241:Keiler, Allan (2000).
2060:Ashby, Nicole (2001).
1839:"Camp Fire Girls Move"
1316:Paris, Leslie (2008).
1178:Paris, Leslie (2008).
1122:Helen Buckler (1961).
400:
389:
373:
354:and over $ 900,000 in
347:
314:Girl Guides of America
306:Girl Scouts of America
301:
250:
2702:Calvinist Cadet Corps
2595:Boy Scouts of America
1531:Ernest Thompson Seton
1523:Edgar Munroe Robinson
1519:Benjamin Barr Lindsey
1294:. University of Idaho
672:Community Family Club
395:
387:
371:
363:Kansas City, Missouri
342:
299:
290:Boy Scouts of America
271:Ernest Thompson Seton
244:
223:Boy Scouts of America
67:Kansas City, Missouri
39:Campfire Girls (band)
2794:Sons of Daniel Boone
2532:by Alice Marie Beard
2424:10.1353/aq.2014.0031
2219:Beard, Alice Marie.
2200:on February 18, 2009
2146:Beard, Alice Marie.
1966:Beard, Alice Marie.
1944:Beard, Alice Marie.
1527:Mortimer Loeb Schiff
1379:. September 22, 2011
811:published a special
3155:U.S. Virgin Islands
2808:Other organizations
2764:American Boy Scouts
2498:10.3138/cjh.40.1.45
2299:. October 6, 2008.
2115:Girlhood in America
2093:on January 21, 2010
1749:Time on Their Hands
1537:. See the lists in
1507:Ernest Kent Coulter
981:The Scouting Portal
774:Margaret Vandercook
333:Juliette Gordon Low
318:Spokane, Washington
95:Luther Gulick, M.D.
2412:American Quarterly
1487:. February 8, 1212
1247:. November 6, 2017
884:Senior Leadership:
849:Jane Parker, Chair
401:
390:
374:
348:
344:Flushing, New York
302:
263:Horace Mann School
251:
106:Nation Board Chair
3181:
3180:
3175:
3174:
2845:Scouting by State
2833:
2832:
2799:Woodcraft Indians
2750:
2749:
2717:GEMS Girls' Clubs
2666:Woodcraft Indians
2456:978-0-87972-736-9
2125:978-1-57607-206-6
2011:"Teens in Action"
1759:978-0-405-05993-3
1540:Handbook for Boys
1535:James Edward West
1329:978-0-8147-6707-8
1319:Children's Nature
1191:978-0-8147-6707-8
1181:Children's Nature
907:Camp Fire Alumni:
797:Camp Fire Stories
755:Ceremonial attire
628:Hold on to Health
468:Small-group clubs
255:Thetford, Vermont
211:Thetford, Vermont
193:
192:
131:
130:
16:(Redirected from
3231:
3119:Washington, D.C.
3113:Federal district
2841:
2646:
2580:
2565:
2558:
2551:
2542:
2526:
2525:
2523:Official website
2510:
2501:
2480:
2474:
2470:
2468:
2460:
2435:
2399:
2370:
2368:
2356:
2338:
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2238:
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2227:
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2210:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2190:
2184:
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2179:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2109:
2103:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2066:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2029:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1996:
1985:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1919:
1913:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1903:on July 16, 2011
1902:
1895:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1867:. Archived from
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1819:on July 25, 2011
1809:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1785:Encyclopedia.com
1777:
1771:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1727:on June 28, 2010
1726:
1719:
1711:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1689:
1683:
1682:
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1610:
1609:
1607:
1605:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1554:
1548:
1543:(BSA, 1911) and
1503:
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1471:
1470:
1450:
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1048:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1010:
933:Savannah Guthrie
889:Greg Zweber, CEO
818:Elsie J. Oxenham
598:Service-Learning
406:H. Edward Oliver
310:Des Moines, Iowa
247:The World's Work
185:
184:
173:
172:
166:
165:
159:
158:
153:
123:
122:
98:Charlotte Gulick
58:
46:
21:
3239:
3238:
3234:
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3184:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3176:
3171:
3159:
3121:
3107:
2846:
2829:
2815:Alpha Phi Omega
2803:
2746:
2670:
2635:
2614:Scouts-in-Exile
2609:
2574:
2569:
2521:
2520:
2517:
2504:
2483:
2471:
2461:
2457:
2438:
2409:
2373:
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2359:
2350:
2347:
2345:Further reading
2342:
2341:
2331:
2329:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2306:
2304:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2271:
2261:
2257:
2245:Marian Anderson
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2044:
2042:
2031:
2030:
2026:
2016:
2014:
2013:. Camp Fire USA
2009:
2008:
2004:
1994:
1992:
1991:. Camp Fire USA
1987:
1986:
1982:
1972:
1970:
1965:
1964:
1960:
1950:
1948:
1943:
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1938:
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1900:
1893:
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1848:
1846:
1845:. June 17, 1977
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1672:Board Game Geek
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1040:
1039:
1035:
1022:
1020:
1012:
1011:
1004:
999:
977:
938:Sheinelle Jones
918:Karen Batchelor
913:Marian Anderson
905:
838:
779:Camp Fire Girls
766:
757:
748:
739:Native American
736:
724:
719:
683:
674:
661:
639:
630:
617:
615:Teens in Action
600:
577:
531:
518:
470:
461:
431:
388:Camp Fire Stamp
378:Parker Brothers
267:G. Stanley Hall
239:
202:and originally
188:Scouting portal
176:
175:
174:
170:
167:
163:
160:
156:
139:
101:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
18:Camp Fire Girls
15:
12:
11:
5:
3237:
3235:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3186:
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3179:
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3172:
3167:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3158:
3157:
3152:
3147:
3142:
3137:
3135:American Samoa
3131:
3129:
3123:
3122:
3117:
3115:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3053:South Carolina
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3018:North Carolina
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
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2965:
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2955:
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2771:
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2760:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2739:
2737:Trail Life USA
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2661:Navigators USA
2658:
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2643:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2617:
2615:
2611:
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2570:
2568:
2567:
2560:
2553:
2545:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2527:
2516:
2515:External links
2513:
2512:
2511:
2502:
2481:
2455:
2436:
2418:(2): 333–360.
2407:
2400:
2382:(2): 113–134.
2371:
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2346:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2314:
2282:
2255:
2233:
2211:
2185:
2160:
2138:
2124:
2104:
2078:
2052:
2024:
2002:
1980:
1958:
1936:
1914:
1882:
1871:on May 7, 2021
1856:
1843:New York Times
1830:
1797:
1772:
1758:
1738:
1706:
1684:
1659:
1635:
1611:
1583:
1569:
1549:
1511:Robert Garrett
1498:
1485:New York Times
1472:
1465:
1442:
1390:
1377:Outside Online
1364:
1342:
1328:
1305:
1283:
1258:
1232:
1216:"All About Us"
1204:
1190:
1170:
1158:New York Times
1141:
1111:
1099:New Tork Times
1085:
1054:
1033:
1001:
1000:
998:
995:
994:
993:
988:
983:
976:
973:
972:
971:
968:Patrice Munsel
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
928:Beverly Cleary
925:
923:Shirley Temple
920:
915:
903:
902:
899:
896:
893:
890:
881:
880:
877:
876:Jeanetta Darno
874:
871:
870:Sonya Richburg
868:
865:
862:
859:
856:
853:
850:
847:
837:
836:Notable people
834:
801:Laura Lee Hope
788:Franklin Dixon
765:
762:
756:
753:
747:
744:
735:
732:
723:
720:
718:
715:
695:George W. Bush
682:
679:
673:
670:
660:
657:
655:Luther Gulick
638:
635:
629:
626:
616:
613:
609:Gift of Giving
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331:In late 1912,
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3093:West Virginia
3091:
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3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2998:New Hampshire
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
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2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2958:Massachusetts
2956:
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2765:
2762:
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2757:
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2743:
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2732:Royal Rangers
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2697:Boys' Brigade
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:Non-sectarian
2647:
2644:
2642:
2638:
2632:
2629:
2627:
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2619:
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1245:campfire.org
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1220:the original
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948:Janis Joplin
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141:campfire.org
136:
63:Headquarters
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3127:Territories
2973:Mississippi
2888:Connecticut
2722:Pathfinders
2682:Adventurers
2473:|work=
2307:January 29,
2273:|work=
2226:December 2,
2204:January 29,
2178:January 29,
2153:January 30,
2131:January 29,
2097:January 29,
2071:January 30,
2045:January 30,
1995:January 30,
1973:January 29,
1951:January 30,
1929:January 29,
1907:January 29,
1849:January 29,
1823:January 29,
1765:January 30,
1731:January 29,
1699:January 29,
1652:January 30,
1628:January 29,
1604:January 30,
1576:January 11,
1459:. Rutgers.
1433:|work=
1357:January 29,
1335:January 30,
1298:January 29,
1251:January 23,
1197:January 29,
1163:January 29,
1104:October 23,
963:Rita Moreno
879:Dave Albano
867:Rick Taylor
824:. In 1915,
807:. In 1991,
538:Bead colors
497:activities.
435:Kansas City
397:Smokey Bear
322:Grace Seton
219:Sebago Lake
198:, formerly
117:Greg Zweber
109:Jane Parker
3188:Categories
3088:Washington
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3003:New Jersey
2878:California
2509:. Praeger.
2087:"About Us"
1989:"Teen FAQ"
1515:Joseph Lee
1353:. troop 97
1226:2009-01-29
997:References
711:John Glenn
707:Jerry Rice
487:Starflight
440:The first
275:James West
259:Boy Scouts
3098:Wisconsin
3063:Tennessee
2968:Minnesota
2943:Louisiana
2675:Sectarian
2656:Camp Fire
2475:ignored (
2465:cite book
2432:143862624
2396:143730086
2275:ignored (
2265:cite book
1677:April 17,
1435:ignored (
1425:cite book
1415:August 7,
1410:0006-8608
1080:143921886
1047:March 30,
1018:Camp Fire
705:Inductee
501:Discovery
494:Adventure
429:Camp Fire
376:In 1926,
196:Camp Fire
49:Camp Fire
3164:Overseas
3083:Virginia
3033:Oklahoma
3013:New York
2988:Nebraska
2978:Missouri
2963:Michigan
2953:Maryland
2938:Kentucky
2918:Illinois
2893:Delaware
2883:Colorado
2873:Arkansas
2332:June 11,
2301:Archived
1790:June 11,
1136:7132682W
1023:June 11,
975:See also
459:Programs
422:Explorer
89:Founders
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3078:Vermont
2983:Montana
2923:Indiana
2903:Georgia
2898:Florida
2868:Arizona
2858:Alabama
2296:YouTube
1276:June 8,
958:Madonna
508:Horizon
490:others.
237:History
137:Website
81:Founded
73:Country
3038:Oregon
2993:Nevada
2933:Kansas
2908:Hawaii
2863:Alaska
2851:States
2453:
2447:89–100
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1875:May 7,
1756:
1567:
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1383:May 7,
1326:
1188:
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1078:
813:Archie
587:, and
585:health
516:Awards
511:Award.
411:WoHeLo
346:, 1917
312:, and
273:, and
249:, 1909
186:
3068:Texas
2948:Maine
2913:Idaho
2692:Awana
2428:S2CID
2392:S2CID
2367:(PDF)
2065:(PDF)
1901:(PDF)
1894:(PDF)
1725:(PDF)
1718:(PDF)
1154:(PDF)
1076:S2CID
746:Names
529:Beads
3140:Guam
3073:Utah
3028:Ohio
2928:Iowa
2477:help
2451:ISBN
2334:2016
2327:IMDb
2309:2009
2277:help
2251:ISBN
2228:2009
2206:2009
2180:2009
2155:2009
2133:2009
2120:ISBN
2099:2009
2073:2009
2047:2009
2019:2019
1997:2009
1975:2009
1953:2009
1931:2009
1909:2009
1877:2021
1851:2009
1825:2009
1792:2016
1767:2009
1754:ISBN
1733:2009
1701:2009
1679:2020
1654:2009
1630:2009
1606:2009
1578:2014
1565:ISBN
1493:2016
1461:ISBN
1437:help
1417:2012
1406:ISSN
1385:2021
1359:2009
1337:2009
1324:ISBN
1300:2009
1278:2020
1253:2020
1199:2009
1186:ISBN
1165:2009
1106:2019
1049:2022
1025:2016
786:and
589:love
581:work
316:(of
213:and
2494:doi
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