421:, where they were exchanged for Union prisoners held in Confederate prison camps. Camp Morton's remaining Confederate prisoners whose names did not appear on the prisoner exchange rolls left the camp by September 1862. Following their departure, Camp Morton was used as a military training ground for Union troops and Indiana volunteers who were sent home on parole. The paroled Union soldiers were not permitted to perform duties that would free other troops for active service. Instead, they guarded and maintained the camp until they were allowed to continue active military service.
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which local leaders criticized on occasion. Early challenges at the camp included equitable distribution of rations and supplies. A camp bakehouse was erected and in operation by mid-April 1862. It provided prisoners a place to work and the means to earn money to purchase small amenities. A fund established from the cash value of the camp's excess rations provided prisoners with additional supplies. While trade with unauthorized vendors did occur, most of the items sold to prisoners came from the camp's
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Volunteers, and the
Sixtieth Regiment of Indiana Volunteers. Quarters for the camp's prison guards were established at Camp Burnside, a Union camp located between Nineteenth and Tinker (present-day Sixteenth) Streets, south of Camp Morton. The guards were understaffed and overworked. On May 4, 1862, Owen reported less than one regiment plus 202 men from another were guarding more than four thousand prisoners at Camp Morton. In comparison, two regiments guarded about a thousand prisoners at
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543:. The individual gravesites were marked with wooden boards bearing painted identification numbers that were worn away by the passage of time. Some of the Confederates buried in Indianapolis's City Cemetery were exhumed and returned to their families; however, the remains of 1,616 Confederate prisoners were left at Greenlawn. In 1866 a fire ravaged the cemetery office, destroying the records that gave the precise location of the burials.
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350:, was charged with converting Camp Morton to a prison camp. Stalls were converted into sleeping quarters for the prisoners and additional barracks and latrines were built. A walled palisade was constructed of wood around the perimeter of the camp; it also included reinforced gates and a walkway for sentry patrols. Initially, there was no hospital within the camp; other Indianapolis facilities were used to treat the prisoners.
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485:. Ninety-one prisoners died in November 1863, and 104 more in December. Conditions at the camp hospital improved over the winter, when the facility was expanded to care for ailing prisoners. Two new, but incomplete, hospital wards were opened in December 1863, increasing the hospital's capacity to 160 patients. More could be accommodated in an emergency. Prisoner deaths numbered 263 that winter.
461:, and never reached Indianapolis. On July 23, 1863, eleven hundred of Morgan's men who had been captured during the raid were brought to Camp Morton. A hundred more arrived a week later. Additional Confederate prisoners came in August 1863, raising the total at the camp to nearly three thousand. In mid-August more than eleven hundred prisoners, including most of Morgan's men, were transferred to
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438:, where they were paroled on the field, and had been living at Camp Morton awaiting a prisoner exchange. Soldiers from Biddle's regiment were assigned to guard duty at the camp, with the assistance of other military companies. New prisoners from arrived at Camp Morton between January 29 and the end of March 1863. In April 1863, the camp's prisoners were ordered to
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water, but noted the camp's structures were dilapidated and poorly maintained. He also suggested the camp suffered from bad drainage, lax discipline, and poor policing of its grounds. Stevens helped improve the camp by providing blankets, better food, and medical care, but the winter of 1863–1864 was bitterly cold, with temperatures falling below zero degrees
515:'s surrender on April 9, many of Camp Morton's prisoners were discharged. Only 308 prisoners were left at the camp on June 1, 1865. The camp's last Confederate prisoners were released on June 12, 1865. In addition to the Confederate prisoners, seven Union deserters who remained in custody at Camp Morton were freed. Forty members of the
413:, known as Military Hospital Number 2 and Military Hospital Number 3, set up in an old post office on Meridian Street, near Washington Street. A few prisoners were cared for in private homes. No epidemics swept the camp or area hospitals, but there were reports of dysentery, typhoid fever, and typhoid pneumonia, among other diseases.
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prisoners. The death rate among the unfortunate
Confederate prisoners was high. In March 1862, 144 prisoners died at the camp. By April 1 the camp's inhabitants, including prisoners and guards, numbered five thousand. More prisoners arrived in subsequent months, including a group of a thousand prisoners from the battle at Shiloh.
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returned to the site in 1868 and remained there until 1891, when the State Board of
Agriculture sold the grounds in November to three businessmen from Indianapolis for $ 275,100. In 1891 the State Board of Agriculture acquired property for the new state fairgrounds at its present location on property
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In the 1870s construction of an engine house and additional tracks for the
Vandalia Railroad caused the Confederate prisoners' remains to be removed and reburied in a mass grave at Greenlawn. In 1906 the U.S. government sent Colonel William Elliot to Indianapolis to locate the mass grave, and in 1912
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Escape attempts were more frequent after Owen's tenure at commandant. Some escape plans were especially elaborate, including tunnels and prisoner uprisings. A few of these attempts were made with wooden board planks or crude ladders. Approximately thirty-five men escaped between April and the end of
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When Camp Morton was established in 1862, it was initially under state control until the U.S. government assumed responsibility for its prisoners. The camp reopened in 1863 with the intention of housing only infirm prisoners, but others were detained at the facility as well. From July 1863 until the
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After the fairgrounds were converted into a military camp, it was renamed Camp Morton in honor of Morton, who served as the governor of
Indiana from January 16, 1861, to January 23, 1867. The first recruits arrived at the facility on April 17, 1861, four days after the surrender at Fort Sumter. The
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A monument and ten bronze plaques were erected at
Confederate Mound, in Section 32 of Indianapolis's Crown Hill Cemetery, to honor the Confederate prisoners of war who were originally buried at Greenlawn. Remains of the prisoners were moved to Crown Hill in 1931 and 1,616 names are inscribed on the
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When
Stevens took command, the camp's condition had badly deteriorated. Augustus M. Clark, a medical inspector who filed a report on October 22, indicated the camp had 2,362 prisoners with a mortality rate exceeding 12.45 percent. Clark reported that the prisoners had sufficient food, clothing, and
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On
February 22, the first Confederate prisoners arrived by train at Indianapolis. Additional prisoners arrived at the camp over the next three days, bringing the number of prisoners to thirty-seven hundred men. Local residents helped provide the necessary food, clothing, and nursing to the incoming
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David
Garland Rose succeeded Owen as Camp Morton's commandant on June 19, 1862, and tightened the camp's rules. New volunteers from Indiana's military companies served as replacements for the camp's prison guards. On August 22, 1862, prisoner exchanges were arranged and final orders were given for
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Few guidelines were provided for operating Union prison camps, so Owen devised his own, which served as a model for other camps. Owen's policies were sympathetic to the prisoners' needs. Under his command, camp discipline was strict, but humane, and allowed for self-government among the prisoners,
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Camp Morton was established on a 36-acre (150,000 m) tract of land that bordered present-day
Central Avenue and Nineteenth, Twenty-second, and Talbott Streets. It was among the largest of the Union's eight prison camps established for Confederate noncommissioned officers and privates. Between
492:, arrived at the overcrowded camp at the end of 1863. Blankets and clothing were issued to those in urgent need. Camp rations, while deemed sufficient, lacked fresh vegetables. Prisoners cooked for themselves and were allowed to make small purchases of food from the camp to supplement their diet.
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Property remaining at Camp Morton after the last prisoners left was sold at public auction in July 1865 and the buildings were vacant by August 2. The city allocated three thousand dollars to rehabilitate the property, and the State Board of Agriculture eventually received $ 9,816.56 in property
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Toward the end of 1863, a new military prison was constructed on the grounds with a capacity of sixty prisoners. In January 1864 thirty men were imprisoned there. Despite the threat of confinement in the new prison, camp's inmates continued to attempt escapes. Punishments included a reduction of
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stalls, a hospital was established in the power hall, the dining hall became the commissary, and office space was converted into military offices and guardhouses. Existing buildings could not house all the incoming troops, so new sheds were built with bunks; however, the soldiers had to bathe in
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prisoners arrived at Camp Morton on February 22, 1862; its last prisoners were paroled on June 12, 1865. At the conclusion of the war, the property resumed its role as the fairgrounds for the Indiana State Fair. In 1891 the property was sold and developed into a residential neighborhood known as
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In July 1863 Captain Albert J. Guthridge was placed in charge of the camp when Biddle and his regiment were reassigned to other duties. David W. Hamilton took over as commandant on July 23, but he was transferred to another post by September 23. Guthridge resumed the duties of commandant until
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Although later expanded, the hospital on Camp Morton's grounds was not large enough to serve all the camp's prisoners. Indianapolis's City Hospital served Union troops; only a few Confederate prisoners were taken there until its facilities were expanded in May 1862. In the meantime, additional
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took over as commandant of the prisoner-of-war camp and served in that role until June 20, 1862, when his regiment was called to active duty and he departed Indianapolis with his men. Camp Morton's first prison guards came from the Fourteenth Light Artillery, Fifty-third Regiment of Indiana
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It is not known for certain, but it is estimated that approximately 1,700 prisoners died at Camp Morton between 1862 and 1865. Confederate prisoners were buried in wooden coffins in trenches on five lots purchased near the City Cemetery, which was later expanded and became known as
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parole of the last Confederate prisoner on June 12, 1865, the camp's average prison population was 3,214 and it averaged fifty deaths per month. The maximum prisoner population at Camp Morton during that time reach 4,999, in July 1864, and the maximum of deaths reached 133.
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During the final months of the war, in February and March 1865, two thousand of Camp Morton's prisoners left as part of a prisoner exchange. Another six hundred prisoners were soon released. Only 1,408 prisoners remained at the camp in April. Following Confederate general
365:. Noncommissioned officers and privates were taken to Camp Morton. Poorly clothed, ill fed, unused to the northern climates, and weakened from recent battles, many of the prisoners fell ill and were taken to makeshift facilities outside the camp for treatment.
400:. Other pastimes included ballgames and whittling. No visitors or communication between the prisoners and the camp guards or local citizens were allowed, but mail correspondence and small packages were delivered to prisoners after they had been inspected.
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was removed before delivery, and outgoing letters were censored and inspected before they were mailed. Attempts to escape were rare while Owen was commandant. Only thirteen of its forty-two hundred prisoners escaped during his command of the camp.
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1862 and 1865, the camp's average prison population was 3,214; it averaged fifty deaths per month. Its maximum prison population reached 4,999 in July 1864. More than 1,700 prisoners died at the camp during its four years of operation.
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Recreational activities included music and sports. Prisoners formed musical clubs and theatrical groups and attended band concerts at the camp. Books and periodicals were available in the camp, and a photographer was allowed to make
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By 1863 Camp Morton's buildings were in need of repair, but little was spent on improvements. Colonel James Biddle, Seventy-first Indiana Volunteers, became commandant of the camp. Most of his regiment had been captured at
278:. The hastily built facility had difficulties accommodating so many men with equipment, tents, and food, but order was established within a few weeks. Many residents of Indianapolis saw the camp as a center of attraction.
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in 1873. The memorial, which was dedicated on June 9, 1913, honors his fair treatment of the Confederate prisoners. Its inscription reads:"Tribute by Confederate prisoners of war and their friends for his courtesy and
261:, the first mayor of Indianapolis. The 36-acre (150,000 m) tract of partially wooded farmland north of the city loosely bordered present-day Central Avenue and Nineteenth, Twenty-second, and Talbott Streets.
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in 1931 and buried in a mass grave in Section 32. The area became known as the Confederate Mound. In 1993, the names of each fallen Confederate at Camp Morton were inscribed on ten bronze plaques.
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Confederate officers who had commissions were separated from their men and quartered in a barracks on Washington Street and elsewhere in the city until they could be moved to the prison camps in
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Indianapolis's Camp Morton was among the largest of the Union's eight prison camps established for Confederate noncommissioned officers and privates. Other large prison camps included
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While the military facilities at Camp Morton no longer exist, the remains of 1,616 Confederate soldiers and sailors who died while prisoners at the camp are interred at Indianapolis's
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for a mustering ground and military camp at Indianapolis. The site had served as the state fairgrounds since 1859, and had previously been known as Henderson's Grove, named after
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New streets and drainage ditches were constructed on the former Camp Morton site, which was platted and developed as a residential area known as Morton Place. After 1890 the
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as a tribute to Owen's service as commandant at Camp Morton in 1862. Southerners contributed $ 3,000 for the memorial to Owen, who went on to become the first president of
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A monument at Indianapolis's Greenlawn Cemetery was erected to honor the Confederate soldiers who were buried there. The monument was moved to Garfield Park in 1928.
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In 1962, the Indiana Civil War Centennial Commission erected a state historical marker in the 1900 block of North Alabama Street, near the site of Camp Morton.
181:. During the war, Camp Morton was initially used as a military training ground. The first Union troops arrived at the camp in April 1861. After the fall of
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In July 1864 the Confederate prisoner count at Camp Morton reached 4,999. Overcrowded barracks and the July heat caused more illnesses, including cases of
507:, which caused diarrhea among the men. New wards were added to the camp's hospital, but only modest repairs were made to the camp's dilapidated barracks.
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into southern Indiana and Ohio, caused alarm among the city residents as local military prepared for his arrival, but Morgan turned east, towards
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was erected at the site to honor the 1,616 Confederate prisoners of war who were buried at Greenlawn. The monument was moved to Indianapolis's
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Camp Morton served as a military camp for Union soldiers from April 1861 to February 1862. Two days after the first shots were fired at
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October 1863, but others were unsuccessful. An extra ration was promised to those who informed their Union captors about escape plans.
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Colonel Ambrose A. Stevens arrived on October 22, 1863. Stevens remained as commandant until the end of the war.
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This article is about the American army camp in Indiana. For the Norwegian coal mining encampment, see
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bounded by Thirty-eighth Street, Fall Creek Parkway, Forty-Second Street, and Winthrop Avenue.
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erected a stone monument to mark the location of the camp at Alabama and Nineteenth Streets.
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to suppress the Southern rebellion and preserve the Union. Morton and his adjutant general,
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that Indianapolis could, if necessary, hold three thousand Confederate prisoners. Captain
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209:. Several monuments and historical markers commemorate Camp Morton, including a bust of
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the removal of the Confederate prisoners at Camp Morton. The prisoners were sent to
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in 1928. The remains from the Confederate gravesite were moved to Indianapolis's
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and Crown Hill.The memorial at Garfield Park was dismantled on June 8, 2020.
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Douglas A. Wissing; Marianne Tobias; Rebecca W. Dolan; Anne Ryder (2013).
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facilities for Confederate prisoners were established in two buildings on
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of the prisoners' likenesses to send to their friends and families in the
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298:. General officers for the Confederacy were sent to an island in
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189:, the site was converted into a prisoner-of-war camp. The first
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1265:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p. 164.
177:. Prior to the war, the site served as the fairgrounds for the
1233:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p. 81.
1117:
Dr. John A. Wyeth (Jan.–Dec. 1890). "Horrors Of Camp Morton"
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893:
855:
853:
1119:
Southern Historical Society Papers". v. XVIII, p. 328–33.
704:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press. p.
1385:
Bodenhamer, David, and Robert G. Barrows, eds. (1994).
733:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society. p. 3.
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was located, and lesser commissioned officers from the
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1963 Indiana State Fairgrounds Coliseum gas explosion
1522:- includes pictures of items mentioned in the article
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became known for its connections with then-president
772:
David Bodenhamer and Robert G. Barrows, ed. (1994).
503:. Drinking water obtained from Fall Creek contained
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595:A bronze bust of Colonel Richard Owen, designed by
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1475:Portals to Hell: Military Prisons of the Civil War
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1456:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press.
1435:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press.
1077:Portals to Hell: Military Prisons of the Civil War
1074:
776:. Indiana University Press. pp. 381 and 441.
1169:Winslow and Moore, p. 107, 110, 115, and 127–128.
442:, and in June a new group arrived, this one from
330:On February 17, 1862, two days after the fall of
1528:a recount by ex-prisoner Dr. Thomas E. Spotswood
1496:Camp Morton, 1861–1865: Indianapolis Prison Camp
1494:Winslow, Hattie Lou; Joseph R. H. Moore (1995).
1346:
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731:Camp Morton, 1861–1865: Indianapolis Prison Camp
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1057:
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991:
989:
934:
932:
729:Hattie Lou Winslow; Joseph R. H. Moore (1995).
16:Civil War training area in Indianapolis, IN, US
1121:http://www.csa-dixie.com/csa/prisoners/t59.htm
956:Winslow and Moore, p. 25–26, 43–44, and 48–49.
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8:
1498:. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society.
1450:Gugin, Linda C.; James E. St. Clair (2006).
1212:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 382, 393 and 442.
146:Union soldiers, Confederate prisoners of war
1338:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 442 and 1068–69.
1326:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 134 and 748–49.
883:
881:
879:
825:
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698:Linda C. Gugin; James E. St. Clair (2006).
488:Confederate prisoners from the area around
1779:
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1757:
1559:
1545:
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1263:Crown Hill: History, Spirit, and Sanctuary
1031:Winslow and Moore, p. 61–62, 65 and 67–68.
1013:Winslow and Moore, p. . 69, 71, and 73–77.
813:
811:
29:
1422:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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1220:
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549:Confederate Soldiers and Sailors Monument
346:, assistant quartermaster general of the
2425:WikiProject Indiana's History Department
974:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 382 and 1068.
526:
2415:History of the Midwestern United States
1063:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 382 and 442.
838:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 381 and 441.
681:
531:Graves of the Confederate prisoners at
1748:Indianapolis in the American Civil War
1412:
1402:
1196:Winslow and Moore, p 77–78 and 137–39.
665:Indianapolis in the American Civil War
568:damages from the federal government.
196:Herron-Morton Place Historic District
155:was a military training ground and a
48:Indianapolis (Marion County), Indiana
7:
1142:Winslow and Moore, p. 91–93 and 97.
1004:Winslow and Moore, p. 33–35 and 39.
296:Camp Butler (Springfield, Illinois)
81:Marion County, Indiana government,
68:Training Camp and Union Prison Camp
1663:Jeffersonville Quartermaster Depot
641:In 1916, students and teachers of
14:
2465:Indiana in the American Civil War
2262:Indiana State Fair stage collapse
2141:Black Day of the General Assembly
1568:Indiana in the American Civil War
926:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p.381–82.
115:February 22, 1862 – June 12, 1865
1862:
1856:
1850:
1387:The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis
1151:Winslow and Moore, p. 95, 104–5.
1133:Winslow and Moore, p. 86 and 91.
887:Bodenhamber and Barrows, p. 442.
774:The Encyclopedia of Indianapolis
581:Herron-Morton Place neighborhood
338:, Morton informed Union general
288:Camp Douglas (Chicago, Illinois)
56:
2450:American Civil War prison camps
1317:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 749.
829:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 441.
762:Bodenhamer and Barrows, p. 443.
670:Civil War POW Prisons and Camps
265:camp's barracks were converted
40:American Civil War prison camps
2470:1861 establishments in Indiana
1:
2445:American Civil War army posts
2330:Historical political strength
2189:Indianapolis strike and riots
1433:My Indiana: 101 Places to See
1350:Winslow and Moore, p. 137–39.
1231:My Indiana: 101 Places to See
1187:Winslow and Moore, p. 134–37.
1178:Winslow and Moore, p. 120–22.
643:Indianapolis Public School 45
23:. For the Canadian park, see
2411:History of the United States
2239:Supreme Court Reorganization
1673:New Albany National Cemetery
1389:. Indiana University Press.
1160:Winslow and Moore, p, 100–2.
1108:Winslow and Moore, p. 91–93.
1049:Winslow and Moore, p. 86–88.
1040:Winslow and Moore, p. 78–82.
1022:Winslow and Moore, p. 50–51.
995:Winslow and Moore, p. 36–37.
965:Winslow and Moore, p. 27–29.
947:Winslow and Moore, p. 22–24.
938:Winslow and Moore, p. 21–22.
908:Winslow and Moore, p. 19–20.
805:Gugin and St. Clair, p. 140.
449:In July Confederate general
213:, a camp commandant, at the
194:Morton Place, a part of the
2224:Shipp & Smith lynchings
2179:Indianapolis Motor Speedway
2096:Public Works and Bankruptcy
2055:Mary Clark v. G.W. Johnston
1363:. Indiana Historical Bureau
1081:. Stackpole Books. p.
292:Camp Chase (Columbus, Ohio)
170:. It was named for Indiana
25:Camp Morton Provincial Park
2491:
2455:Defunct prisons in Indiana
1658:Jefferson General Hospital
1308:Winslow and Moore, p. 140.
1294:Winslow and Moore, p. 139.
1285:Winslow and Moore, p. 138.
899:Winslow and Moore, p. 117.
796:Winslow and Moore, p. 1–2.
753:Winslow and Moore, p. 3–4.
18:
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2081:2nd Indiana Canal Company
2024:Constitutional Convention
2019:1st Indiana Canal Company
1848:
1742:
1471:Speer, Lonnie R. (1997).
917:Winslow and Moore, p. 24.
859:Winslow and Moore, p. 17.
688:Winslow and Moore, p. 14.
627:39.7946556°N 86.1522611°W
255:Indiana State Fairgrounds
55:
45:
37:
2151:Golden Age of Literature
1734:Union Literary Institute
1453:The Governors of Indiana
1073:Lonnie R. Speer (1997).
847:Winslow and Moore, p. 7.
817:Winslow and Moore, p. 4.
701:The Governors of Indiana
253:, chose the site of the
2460:History of Indianapolis
2126:Eli Lilly & Company
1520:Camp Morton at Rootsweb
632:39.7946556; -86.1522611
1532:History of Camp Morton
1526:HORRORS OF CAMP MORTON
1431:Conn, Earl L. (2006).
1123:. Retrieved 2014-7-24.
535:
490:Chattanooga, Tennessee
419:Vicksburg, Mississippi
336:Clarksville, Tennessee
2091:Wabash and Erie Canal
2009:Abolitionist movement
1896:French and Indian War
1703:Battle of Pogue's Run
1361:"Camp Morton 1861–65"
1229:Earl L. Conn (2006).
530:
517:Veteran Reserve Corps
164:Indianapolis, Indiana
21:Camp Morton, Svalbard
2219:Freeman Field mutiny
2106:Mexican-American War
2101:Underground Railroad
2061:Treaty of St. Mary's
1999:Battle of Tippecanoe
1984:Treaty of Grouseland
1941:Northwest Indian War
1837:La Salle Expeditions
440:City Point, Virginia
369:Colonel Richard Owen
282:Military prison camp
138:Garrison information
2071:Fall Creek massacre
1974:Treaty of Vincennes
1931:Northwest Territory
1916:George Rogers Clark
1911:American Revolution
1612:Lambdin P. Milligan
1479:. Stackpole Books.
623: /
597:Belle Kinney Scholz
557:Crown Hill Cemetery
533:Crown Hill Cemetery
523:Confederate burials
444:Gallatin, Tennessee
334:, near present-day
247:call for volunteers
225:Union training camp
207:Crown Hill Cemetery
2475:Indiana State Fair
2350:By city and locale
1936:Wabash Confederacy
1415:has generic name (
983:Winslow, p. 30–31.
601:Indiana Statehouse
573:Indiana State Fair
541:Greenlawn Cemetery
536:
215:Indiana Statehouse
179:Indiana State Fair
168:American Civil War
132:American Civil War
89:Controlled by
2432:
2431:
2048:Polly v. Lasselle
1964:Indiana Territory
1921:Illinois campaign
1754:
1753:
1698:Battle of Corydon
1632:Indiana regiments
1582:William A. Bowles
605:Purdue University
585:Benjamin Harrison
150:
149:
2482:
2335:Native Americans
2310:General Assembly
2204:Great Depression
2111:New Constitution
2086:Whitewater Canal
1979:Johnny Appleseed
1866:
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1832:European contact
1781:
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1617:Oliver P. Morton
1607:Andrew Humphreys
1597:Harrison H. Dodd
1592:Ambrose Burnside
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451:John Hunt Morgan
340:Henry W. Halleck
312:Johnson's Island
259:Samuel Henderson
187:Battle of Shiloh
73:Site information
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50:, United States
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2076:Bank of Indiana
2066:Indian Removals
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1989:Indiana Rangers
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227:
160:prisoner-of-war
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2004:War of 1812
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1842:French Rule
1827:Beaver Wars
1708:Hines' Raid
1653:Camp Morton
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2363:Fort Wayne
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2249:Since 2000
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2121:Golden Age
1946:Petit Fort
1788:History of
1379:References
1367:2014-07-24
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314:in Ohio's
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235:Charleston
120:Demolished
93:Union Army
2383:Lafayette
2315:Governors
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2300:Elections
2290:Disasters
2161:1900–1999
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2116:Civil War
2042:Statehood
2034:1817–1899
1956:1800–1816
1891:Ouiatenon
1881:Vincennes
1873:1700–1799
1745:See also:
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591:Memorials
505:limestone
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143:Occupants
2272:By topic
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185:and the
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162:camp in
38:Part of
2340:Slavery
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2014:Harmony
1791:Indiana
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104:Built
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1424:link
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