569:(also known as the War of Spanish Independence), the municipality became an important agricultural center with a gradually rising population. This gave rise to a local bourgeoisie, which, benefitting from the confiscation of church property, strengthened its economic power in the second half of the 19th century and made possible the emergence of a historic, regionalist, and modern architecture which characterizes this period of city-building. These well-off families built their residences in the center of the city, leading to an urban renewal that manifested itself in particular in the change from the agrarian pattern in which large open fields predominated, to one in which the dominant areas were those that accommodated residential uses and the land was related to residential activity rather than agriculture.
711:
57:
87:
42:
120:
67:
600:
538:(1575) report some 1,000 households (between four and five thousand inhabitants), which by the first decade of the 17th century had risen to 1,300–1,500 households. From this time its population shows the unfortunate state of a rural society affected very severely by climate, epidemics of disease, poor harvests, and excessive taxation. The recovery was very slow until well into the 19th century.
193:
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94:
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557:
The 13th century beginnings of the urban center were situated around a fortified position in the Cerro de La Paz, which served as a defensive outpost of the
Castillo de Criptana. The topographical features of the area determined the formation of the city and its subsequent expansion into the plain to
462:
Settlement of the present city center of Campo de
Criptana dates from the 13th century, though the municipal area was occupied by human beings much earlier. Numerous archaeological remains and historical documents attest to the existence of inhabited centers since the Bronze Age. There is evidence of
526:
El Campo grew up in the current location of the city center, around a fortified position of the Cerro (hill) de la Paz, which served as an outpost of the
Castillo (Castle) de Criptana. Despite being at the time the newest center, arising with the repopulation in the 13th century, it attracted people
672:
is a building for storing grain (especially wheat), that is, a granary. The granary as an institution is quite old, and was run by the local government. Its purpose was to provide grain to farm workers in difficult times, on terms favourable to the recipients, and furthermore to regulate the market
578:
The municipal population reached its high point in the middle of the 20th century (15,659 inhabitants in 1950), with economic growth then coming to a halt as a consequence of emigration to the large cities (the municipality lost 2,369 inhabitants between 1950 and 1980). Expansion of the city ended;
585:
The resulting growth of residences (almost all single-family homes), industrial installations (in the extreme southeast area and in isolated pockets), and office buildings produced a mostly unplanned urban area with overall deficiencies in infrastructure. Since the approval of the first municipal
697:
The granary was in use up to the
Peninsular War (1808–1814), at which point it began to fall into disuse. The granary was auctioned off in 1914 and passed into private hands. In 1991 the local government re-acquired it and had it restored for use as a town museum, where expositions and cultural
541:
Until the beginning of the 19th century, the local economy was based on traditional
Mediterranean agriculture—grains, olives, and grapes—with the addition of wool. In the early 19th century there began to be a certain amount of industrialization related to the primary economy, in particular the
561:
In the 16th century the city experienced a period of prosperity that manifested itself in numerous construction projects, both civil (the
Granary, Casa de la Tercia) and religious (Hermitages of the Virgen de la Paz, Veracruz, Santa Ana, and Nuestra Señora de la Concepción; Convento de las
542:
manufacture of flour, and most of all, wine-making. The railway arrived in the second half of the 19th century and had a significant effect on this process of industrialization. In the second half of the 20th century tourism became a catalyzing new element of the local economy.
520:, as property of the Order of St. John. In various medieval documents it is mentioned under other names such as Villa de Alios and Villa de Ajos. It was depopulated from the 12th century, and the current hermitage was built over the original church of its city center.
617:'s time windmills were quite common. This view is undoubtedly the characteristic landscape of Campo de Criptana, presenting its silhouette from the Sierra de los Molinos and the Cerro de la Paz. A 19th century land registry drawn up at the behest of the
527:
from the surrounding centers, perhaps on account of the quality of its water and air. The towns referred to above disappeared, giving way to the new community. Named Campo de
Criptana, it is first referred to in documents from the early 14th century.
624:
Today, ten windmills can be seen from afar, with their original structure and machinery preserved. Visitors can tour the inside of the mills and listen to a presentation about their function. Other mills have been converted into museums: the
754:, who was the protector from the plagues. It is surrounded by a neighbourhood consisting of small white dwellings with a similar appearance to the hermitage. It has a rectangular layout with a single nave, and a ceiling with a
446:
The area surrounding Campo de
Criptana has been inhabited since prehistoric times. Prehistoric implements of hunting, gathering, and agriculture have been found in various locations, as have ceramics, particularly from the
621:
shows 34 windmills in existence at that time, each clearly marked with the name of the mill and that of its owner. Through archaeological remnants, we know that they had once been far more numerous.
795:
All of the streets that encircle Cerro de la Paz follow the shape of the old town and are on a hillside, which makes
Criptana different from other towns of La Mancha, all of which are on the plain.
523:
Hardly any documented information exists about
Posadas Viejas, except that it was situated near Camino de la Puente, south of the present railway line, and that it was depopulated around 1300.
618:
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738:. Its current appearance is a result of the renovations done in the 18th century according to the Jesuit church model. The transept has a cupola crowned by a lantern. A shrine to the
1544:
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planning regulations in 1981 (which involved the formal adoption of the decision to manage the city's development at the municipal level) the situation has been gradually improved.
572:
The arrival of the railway in the second half of the 19th century led to the placement of the new industrial facilities in the southeast part of the core, near the train station.
512:
Villajos, some four kilometers to the north of the current city center, had been peopled since prehistoric times. It appears in a citation from 1162, together with Chitrana,
582:
The last quarter of the 20th century saw a renewed, major expansion of the city, which in just over 20 years almost doubled the area that was occupied in the 1970s.
86:
806:, referring to the ancient neighbourhood of the same name in Granada. The houses still have their Arabic tiles, painted in white and indigo, and wrought iron
549:, which was situated 13 kilometers southeast of the main core, and had 700 inhabitants. After that date San Gregorio constituted an independent municipality.
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710:
680:. The access door is on the main facade, which looks out over the plaza that carries the name of the building, Plaza del PĂłsito. At the midpoint it has an
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In 1978, the entire group of windmills was declared a Monument of Historical-Artistic Interest, which today is referred to as a Cultural Heritage Site.
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During the first third of the 20th century the growth of the city continued inhabitation of the flatter areas and movement toward the south.
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Carmelitas). However, the national crisis of the 17th century affected the city, which, once having reached the plain, halted its expansion.
698:
activities could take place. The restoration was carried out by a teaching workshop, which for its fine work received a diploma awarded by
936:
41:
155:
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A modern church, opened in 1958. The building was erected on the site of the 16th century church, which burned in 1936, during the
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607:"At this point they caught sight of thirty or forty windmills which were standing on the plain..." Thus begins chapter VIII of
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Found near the Cerro de la Paz, from where one can view a magnificent countryside. For several centuries it was dedicated to
530:
Throughout the Middle Ages, the population of the town center grew, helped along by the facilities provided by the various
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Criptana, located about two kilometers east of the present city center, was granted, under the name of Chitrana, by the
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took refuge in the eastern part of the town and from that time the new neighbourhood has been known as the
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windmill houses the Office of Tourism. Every Saturday one of the restored mills is put into operation.
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for wheat whenever its price (and therefore that of bread) was increasing at an alarming rate.
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The granary of Campo de Criptana is from the 16th century, and was renovated and enlarged by
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In the initial third of the 19th century, having recovered from the effects of the
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nobleman Miguel Assaraff in order that it be resettled. Later it passed to the
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758:. Besides this building, there are nine more hermitages surrounding Criptana:
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505:, forming the center of an estate that also had property in Villajos and
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Blog de los usuarios de la Biblioteca Municipal de Campo de Criptana
742:, donated by the archbishop of Colonia in 1612, is still preserved.
579:
growth was limited to small developments along the southern border.
822:
Festival of SantĂsimo Cristo de Villajos (first Thursday in August)
934:
Biblioteca PĂşblica Municipal "Alonso Quijano". (Campo de Criptana)
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855:(a fried pastry with chopped ham, garlic, paprika, sausage, etc.)
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954:
451:. From historic times, the most plentiful remnants have been
819:
Festival of the SantĂsima Virgen de Criptana (Easter Monday)
534:("masters") of the Order of Santiago. The survey records of
798:
At the end of the 16th century many Moorish families from
690:, and above that three coats of arms, two of them of the
734:, which was confiscated in the 19th century through the
861:(fried bread crumbs with chopped ham, garlic, paprika)
912:, which was accessed in the version of 20 March 2006.
629:
is a museum celebrating the working of the land, the
479:, as well as others of lesser significance, such as
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226:
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23:
463:settlements of some importance—at least since the
684:, decorated with a three-sided frame known as an
509:. By the 14th century it was again depopulated.
1545:Municipalities in the Province of Ciudad Real
966:
8:
545:Until 1999 the municipal area also included
429:(Spain). It is found in the region known as
929:Semana Santa en Campo de Criptana (oficial)
924:Ayuntamiento de Campo de Criptana (oficial)
272:Santiago Lucas-Torres LĂłpez-Casero (2007) (
973:
959:
951:
893:(a typical dessert—cold rice with caramel)
20:
126:
93:
18:Municipality in Castilla–La Mancha, Spain
714:Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción
706:Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción
1513:
603:Group of windmills in Campo de Criptana
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292:
289:302.41 km (116.76 sq mi)
279:
259:
185:
150:
78:
50:
38:
364:
329:
321:
300:
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225:
213:
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7:
786:Hermitage of the Virgen de Criptana
730:A possession of the convent of the
904:This article draws heavily on the
417:is a municipality and town in the
14:
746:Hermitage of the Virgen de la Paz
1522:Municipal Register of Spain 2018
910:Spanish-language Knowledge (XXG)
590:Monuments and places of interest
191:
125:
118:
92:
85:
65:
55:
40:
783:Hermitage of Cristo de Villajos
883:scrambled eggs with onion and
109:Show map of Castilla-La Mancha
106:Location in Castilla–La Mancha
1:
1526:National Statistics Institute
768:Hermitage of la Madre de Dios
553:Formation of the urban center
774:Hermitage of the ConcepciĂłn
1561:
1482:Villanueva de los Infantes
791:Streets and neighbourhoods
777:Hermitage de San Sebastián
771:Hermitage of San CristĂłbal
313:635 m (2,083 ft)
305:780 m (2,560 ft)
297:707 m (2,320 ft)
1402:Santa Cruz de los Cáñamos
1267:Los Pozuelos de Calatrava
992:
633:is a museum of wine, the
151:
79:
51:
39:
30:
1472:Villanueva de San Carlos
1392:San Lorenzo de Calatrava
1127:Cabezarrubias del Puerto
1107:Ballesteros de Calatrava
1097:Argamasilla de Calatrava
1082:Arenales de San Gregorio
848:Typical dishes include:
740:Thousand and One Virgins
547:Arenales de San Gregorio
1492:Villarrubia de los Ojos
1477:Villanueva de la Fuente
1467:Villamayor de Calatrava
1452:Valenzuela de Calatrava
986:province of Ciudad Real
419:province of Ciudad Real
1442:Valdemanco del Esteras
1237:Hinojosas de Calatrava
1222:Granátula de Calatrava
865:cordero a la caldereta
845:
780:Hermitage de San Pedro
765:Hermitage of Santa Ana
715:
619:Marqués de la Ensenada
604:
442:Historical development
334:45/km (120/sq mi)
302:Highest elevation
1427:Torralba de Calatrava
1372:Retuerta del Bullaque
1352:Puebla de Don Rodrigo
1242:Horcajo de los Montes
1157:Castellar de Santiago
1142:Caracuel de Calatrava
906:corresponding article
840:
762:Hermitage of Veracruz
713:
602:
367: • Summer (
310:Lowest elevation
1497:Villarta de San Juan
1397:Santa Cruz de Mudela
1387:San Carlos del Valle
1347:Pozuelo de Calatrava
1152:CarriĂłn de Calatrava
1132:Calzada de Calatrava
1112:Bolaños de Calatrava
1102:Arroba de los Montes
1022:Alcolea de Calatrava
939:2 March 2008 at the
485:El Pico de la Solana
423:autonomous community
331: • Density
204:Autonomous community
1357:Puebla del PrĂncipe
1257:Llanos del Caudillo
1177:Corral de Calatrava
1162:Cañada de Calatrava
1092:Argamasilla de Alba
1067:AlmodĂłvar del Campo
1032:Alcázar de San Juan
732:Barefoot Carmelites
244:Alcázar de San Juan
167: /
1432:Torre de Juan Abad
1307:Moral de Calatrava
1087:Arenas de San Juan
891:arroz con duz frĂo
846:
716:
605:
427:Castilla–La Mancha
323: • Total
286: • Total
209:Castilla–La Mancha
1510:
1509:
1137:Campo de Criptana
736:law of Mendizábal
720:Spanish Civil War
692:Order of Santiago
503:Order of Santiago
492:Order of St. John
467:—named Criptana,
415:Campo de Criptana
412:
411:
240:Judicial district
142:Show map of Spain
139:Location in Spain
133:Campo de Criptana
100:Campo de Criptana
46:Campo de Criptana
25:Campo de Criptana
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1502:Viso del Marqués
1217:Fuente el Fresno
1197:Fernán Caballero
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952:
853:gachas manchegas
842:Gachas Manchegas
810:in the windows.
664:PĂłsito (Granary)
639:Vicente Huidobro
637:is dedicated to
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405:Official website
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171:39.400°N 3.117°W
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1037:Aldea del Rey
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700:Europa Nostra
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152:Coordinates:
121:
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68:
58:
43:
34:
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1457:Villahermosa
1262:Los Cortijos
1207:Fuencaliente
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250:Commonwealth
71:Coat of arms
33:Municipality
15:
1407:Socuéllamos
1367:Puertollano
1332:Piedrabuena
1322:Pedro Muñoz
1297:Miguelturra
1252:Las Labores
1202:Fontanarejo
1172:Ciudad Real
1122:Cabezarados
1117:Brazatortas
1047:Almadenejos
880:garlic soup
877:-like dish)
875:ratatouille
867:(lamb stew)
756:groin vault
678:Charles III
610:Don Quixote
558:the south.
507:Pedro Muñoz
465:Middle Ages
388:Postal code
344:criptanense
233:Mancha Alta
221:Ciudad Real
174: /
1447:Valdepeñas
1437:Torrenueva
1417:Terrinches
1282:Manzanares
1192:El Robledo
1072:Almuradiel
1027:Alcubillas
1012:Albaladejo
898:References
649:, and the
481:Villagordo
449:Bronze Age
318:Population
261:Government
1422:Tomelloso
1382:Saceruela
1312:Navalpino
1287:Membrilla
1247:La Solana
1227:Guadalmez
1212:Fuenllana
1147:Carrizosa
828:Holy Week
814:Festivals
702:in 1997.
615:Cervantes
595:Windmills
536:Philip II
431:La Mancha
350:Time zone
294:Elevation
255:Promancha
1539:Category
1292:Mestanza
1232:Herencia
1077:Anchuras
1062:Almedina
1042:Alhambra
1007:Alamillo
997:AbenĂłjar
937:Archived
885:manchego
825:Carnival
804:AlbaicĂn
532:maestres
477:El Campo
469:Villajos
216:Province
1377:Ruidera
1342:Porzuna
1337:Poblete
1302:Montiel
1277:MalagĂłn
1272:Luciana
1187:Daimiel
1167:ChillĂłn
1057:Almagro
1052:Almadén
984:in the
908:in the
833:Cuisine
808:grilles
800:Granada
655:Poyatos
651:Lagarto
643:Culebro
635:Quimera
518:Attires
499:Mozarab
487:, etc.
437:History
421:in the
399:Website
340:Demonym
268:Alcalde
228:Comarca
187:Country
159:39°24′N
1017:Alcoba
887:cheese
670:pĂłsito
641:, the
516:, and
496:Toledo
326:13,597
196:
1327:PicĂłn
1182:CĂłzar
1002:Agudo
687:alfiz
631:PilĂłn
613:. In
514:Spain
457:Roman
453:Ibero
393:13610
376:UTC+2
355:UTC+1
198:Spain
162:3°7′W
682:arch
475:and
380:CEST
281:Area
61:Flag
873:(a
425:of
369:DST
359:CET
1541::
1524:.
722:.
694:.
668:A
483:,
471:,
459:.
433:.
274:PP
1528:.
974:e
967:t
960:v
844:.
455:-
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378:(
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361:)
357:(
276:)
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