234:, which is darker and more appropriate for the Depression. When discussing the prosperous past, the melody jumps an octave on the words "building a dream", emphasizing the dream, and moves briefly into a major key, evoking energy and optimism. This is placed in baffling and poignant contrast with the reality ("standing in line, / Just waiting for bread"). The song then reverts to the augmented dominant of the minor key in the word "time" in the line "Once I built a railroad, made it run / Made it race against time," marking the end of prosperous times, and changing to a wistful mood. Each of the three main stanzas end in a direct appeal to the listener, "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" The bridge deals with the singer's experiences as a veteran of the Great War, falling from patriotism "looked swell" to the discordant harmonies of "slogging through hell". The song then ends, not on a note of resignation, but with anger – repeating the beginning (as is usual for Broadway songs), an octave higher, but with a significant change: the friendly "
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help the listener remember that the singer was working towards a dream, which is now shattered. They also write that the song is a "masterpiece of economy" in building towards a "climactic assertion of commonality and interdependency" in "I'm your pal". "The music and lyrics together make us feel the
468:
According to
Meyerson and Ernest Harburg, the challenge that Yip Harburg faced in crafting the lyrics was "much like the challenge confronting the street-corner panhandler: to establish the character's individuality and the moral and political basis for his claim". They write that the latter achieved
222:
protests about military bonuses payable only after 21 years. Harburg said in an interview: "the man is really saying: I made an investment in this country. Where the hell are my dividends? ... doesn't reduce him to a beggar. It makes him a dignified human being, asking questions—and a bit outraged,
481:
remarked that the title is "the entire history of the
Depression in a single phrase" and the listener ends up "feeling the time-immemorial complaint that the working man doesn't get the rewards". He says that Harburg and Gorney were brave to express this message in 1932 "when no one was saying this
427:
said that "Brother" was the only part of the show worth praising. Harburg later wrote that the song earned him several thousand dollars and helped him get started in the music business. Business leaders tried to have it banned from the radio, viewing the song as "a dangerous attack on the
American
435:
Few thematic
Depression songs were popular, because Americans did not want music which reminded them of the economic situation, but "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" was "the exception that proved the rule". Unlike other popular songs of the same era which tended to be upbeat, with titles such as
288:. Unusually, Vallee's version includes a spoken introduction, in which the narrator states that the song is "a bit out of character" for him. The song became popular through these versions, which were both frequently aired on the radio and competed for listeners. By the end of the year,
186:: "We had to have a title... Not to say, my wife is sick, I've got six children, the Crash put me out of business, hand me a dime. I hate songs of that kind." Harburg's worksheets show that he went through several drafts of the lyrics, which included a satirical version attacking
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that were released in late 1932. The song received positive reviews and was one of the most popular songs of 1932. As one of the few popular songs during the era to discuss the darker aspects of the collapse, it came to be viewed as an anthem of the Great
Depression.
448:" (1931), "Brother" "put words and music to what many Americans were feeling—fear, grief, even anger". The song was one of the first musical works to take the Depression seriously. It was one of the most popular twenty songs of 1932 in the United States.
210:: it is intended to embrace all listeners. The man is someone "who kept faith in America, and now America has betrayed him". After three years of the Depression, the man has lost his job and is reduced to begging for charity. He recognizes the man whose
176:, who emigrated to the United States in 1906, heard in his native Russia. Initially, it had other lyrics which discussed a romantic breakup. Gorney recalled that the pair came up with the title "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" after walking in the
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wrote that the song was "one of the first theatre songs to have a potent sociological message, and it remains one of the most powerful of the genre". The song was the most prominent cultural representation of the Bonus Army.
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wrote that the song "endures as an anthem for the downtrodden and the forgotten". In 2011, Zinsser wrote that "Brother" "still hovers in the national memory; I can hear its ghostly echo in the chants of the
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and
Michael Lasser wrote that the song "embodied the Depression for millions of Americans... No other popular song caught the spirit of its time with such urgency." In 2007,
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this by gradually building intimacy with the listener, starting in third person and moving into first, second, and then both first and second combined ("I'm your pal"). The
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s review stated that the song "deflates the rolling bombast of our political nightmare with greater effect than all the rest of Mr. McEvoy's satirical skits put together";
206:, but was foiled by the Great Depression. He is the universal everyman who holds various professions, being a farmer and a construction worker as well as a veteran of
230:"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" has an unusual structure for a Broadway song. First, rather than starting in a major key, as most Broadway songs do, it begins in a
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has been foiled by the economic collapse. Unusual for a
Broadway song, it was composed largely in a minor key. The song became best known through recordings by
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1432:
1961:
762:
How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda
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2010:
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406:... Mr. Gorney has expressed the spirit of these times with more heart-breaking anguish than any of the prose bards of the day." Gilbert Gabriel in
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and other tycoons. However, over time
Harburg moved towards more concrete imagery, resulting in the final version. Both Gorney and Harburg were
31:
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128:; the melody is based on a Russian-Jewish lullaby. The song tells the story of the universal everyman, whose honest work towards achieving the
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writes that "he song so lacerated the national conscience that radio stations banned it" for being "sympathetic to the unemployed".
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How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a
Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States
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At the time, reviews of musicals rarely devoted much space to the songs' lyrics and melody. That was not true of the reviews of
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where they heard unemployed men asking "Can you spare a dime?" Harburg recalled that he was working on a song for the musical
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out loud". Furia and Lasser write that the song is unusual in relying on a strong narrative instead of emotion or imagery.
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wrote that "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" was "plaintive and thundering" and "the first song of the year that can be sung
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and his Band (again at the Cafe Anglais) was recorded the same year for a "Lew Stone Favourites" medley, with vocals by
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had gone into the music business, working as a lyricist. The melody derives from a Jewish lullaby that the composer
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1091:(October 6, 1932). "The Play: Design and Dance in an "American Revue" That Represents Modern Taste in Artistry".
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wrote: "Gorney and Harburg have written something so stirring that it will run away with the whole show".
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idea that workers deserve to enjoy the fruits of their labor, rather than have it be diverted by others.
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883:"How a Russian Jewish Lullaby Turned into the Anthem of the Forgotten Men and Women of Our Country"
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and Ernest Harburg, "hythmically and melodically it sounds like a Jewish chant." An article in
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Dum", a reference to patriotism, and the evocation of veterans also recalls the mid-1932
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America's Songs: The Stories Behind the Songs of Broadway, Hollywood, and Tin Pan Alley
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The song was first performed by the vaudeville singer Rex Weber as part of the musical
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214:(equivalent to $ 1.82 in 2023) he is asking for. The lyrics refer to "
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economic system". They were unsuccessful, due to the song's popularity.
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and his Orchestra (From the Cafe Anglais, London) in 1933 and issued by
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Marching on Washington: The Forging of an American Political Tradition
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Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?: The Life of Composer Jay Gorney
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Who Put the Rainbow in the Wizard of Oz?: Yip Harburg, Lyricist
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can you spare a dime?" is replaced with the more assertive "
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Song by Song: The Lives and Work of 14 Great Lyric Writers
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Yip Harburg: Legendary Lyricist and Human Rights Activist
559:"Brother Can You Spare a Dime? The story behind the song"
600:
The Great Depression in America: A Cultural Encyclopedia
1409:
Where the Blue of the Night (Meets the Gold of the Day)
153:
Unemployed men outside a soup kitchen in Chicago, 1931.
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described it as "the anthem of the Great Depression".
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too, as he should be." This reflects the socialist or
327:. In 1948, a revival of the song by British vocalist
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United States National Recording Registry recordings
827:. University of California Press. pp. 104–105.
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292:had also covered the song on his popular show for
252:magazine suggested that the melody was similar to
104:" is one of the best-known American songs of the
629:American Dreamers: How the Left Changed a Nation
531:. University of Michigan Press. pp. 46–52.
1767:Too-Ra-Loo-Ra-Loo-Ral (That's an Irish Lullaby)
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1175:The American Musical Theatre Song Encyclopedia
602:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 72–74.
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1013:. R. Anderson Publications. p. 140. See
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168:After his appliance business went bankrupt,
949:. Harrow: General Gramophone Publications.
919:"A 1930s Song of Americana Still Resonates"
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594:Young, William H.; Young, Nancy K. (2007).
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202:The song is about a man who has sought the
1433:I Don't Stand a Ghost of a Chance with You
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946:British dance bands on record 1911 to 1945
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525:Meyerson, Harold; Harburg, Ernest (1995).
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1114:. Wesleyan University Press. p. 32.
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854:The Twentieth Century: A People's History
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1824:On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe
1045:Oxford Dictionary of Humorous Quotations
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272:opened, the song was covered by crooner
2011:Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?
816:
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798:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–"
726:Furia, Philip; Lasser, Michael (2006).
697:"A Depression-Era Anthem For Our Times"
496:
62:
2118:In the Cool, Cool, Cool of the Evening
1048:. Oxford University Press. p. 8.
970:
198:Composition and lyrical interpretation
2184:Count Your Blessings Instead of Sheep
881:Boehm, Lisa Krissoff (5 April 2018).
796:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis.
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
557:McCollum, Sean (September 17, 2019).
346:, Harburg wrote a parody version for
159:Great Depression in the United States
32:Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? (film)
7:
1009:Brahms, Caryl; Sherrin, Ned (1984).
461:marchers". In a 2008 retrospective,
242:can you spare a dime?" According to
1545:You Must Have Been a Beautiful Baby
1177:. Greenwood Press. pp. 38–39.
943:Rust, Brian; Forbes, Sandy (1987).
662:. Scarecrow Press. pp. 12–13.
30:For the 1975 documentary film, see
734:. Routledge. pp. 72, 99–100.
474:quiet desperation of the singer."
25:
2279:Peace on Earth/Little Drummer Boy
1747:Is You Is or Is You Ain't My Baby
1447:Did You Ever See a Dream Walking?
998:. September 19, 1948. p. 11.
2338:Songs with lyrics by Yip Harburg
1559:Ciribiribin (They're So in Love)
1171:"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?"
728:"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?"
632:. Alfred A. Knopf. p. 176.
596:"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?"
42:"Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?"
1143:"Brother, Can You Spare a Job?"
857:. Harper Collins. p. 116.
446:Life Is Just a Bowl of Cherries
442:On the Sunny Side of the Street
378:Brother, can you spare a rope?
256:, the Israeli national anthem.
2343:Songs with music by Jay Gorney
2080:Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer
1757:Hot Time in the Town of Berlin
1461:Love Is Just Around the Corner
1426:Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?
1108:Alonso, Harriet Hyman (2013).
307:In the UK, it was recorded by
102:Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?
1:
2328:Songs about the United States
2261:That's What Life Is All About
1976:Dear Hearts and Gentle People
1911:Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town
1798:Ac-Cent-Tchu-Ate the Positive
1668:People Will Say We're in Love
977:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1894:(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66
1682:Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin'
790:American Antiquarian Society
770:American Antiquarian Society
2021:Chattanoogie Shoe Shine Boy
1887:South America, Take It Away
1838:It's Been a Long, Long Time
1169:Hischak, Thomas S. (1995).
1076:Meyerson & Harburg 1995
2379:
1702:I'll Be Home for Christmas
1626:Deep in the Heart of Texas
362:Life had meaning and hope.
260:Musical and cover versions
116:, it was part of the 1932
29:
1852:I Can't Begin to Tell You
1661:Sunday, Monday, or Always
1249:
438:Happy Days Are Here Again
280:; it was also covered by
161:, which started with the
46:
2198:In a Little Spanish Town
1531:Sail Along, Silv'ry Moon
1524:Never in a Million Years
1301:Silent Night, Holy Night
821:Barber, Lucy G. (2004).
1866:The Bells of St. Mary's
1781:Long Ago (and Far Away)
1482:I Can't Escape from You
1475:It Ain't Necessarily So
656:Gorney, Sondra (2005).
626:Kazin, Michael (2011).
284:shortly thereafter for
27:1932 popular music song
2318:Great Depression songs
2230:(with Louis Armstrong)
2098:(with Andrews Sisters)
2094:Sparrow in the Treetop
2015:(with Andrews Sisters)
2005:(with Andrews Sisters)
1969:Some Enchanted Evening
1915:(with Andrews Sisters)
1898:(with Andrews Sisters)
1818:(with Andrews Sisters)
1815:Along the Navajo Trail
1808:You Belong to My Heart
1802:(with Andrews Sisters)
1792:(with Andrews Sisters)
1761:(with Andrews Sisters)
1751:(with Andrews Sisters)
1713:(with Andrews Sisters)
1696:(with Andrews Sisters)
381:
163:1929 Wall Street crash
154:
108:. Written by lyricist
53:Sheet music cover for
2353:Traditional pop songs
2167:Down by the Riverside
2132:The Isle of Innisfree
1654:Moonlight Becomes You
1402:Goodnight, Sweetheart
1042:Sherrin, Ned (2008).
695:(November 15, 2008).
364:Now we're stuck with
152:
18:Can You Spare a Dime?
2191:Stranger in Paradise
2028:Play a Simple Melody
1605:New San Antonio Rose
1584:Tumbling Tumbleweeds
1468:I Wished on the Moon
1315:(with Paul Whiteman)
1305:(with Paul Whiteman)
1295:(with Paul Whiteman)
1285:(with Paul Whiteman)
1204:(1932) published by
1148:The American Scholar
917:(27 November 2007).
415:Theater Arts Monthly
384:Reception and legacy
342:and in light of the
2333:Songs from musicals
2323:Music controversies
2236:Well, Did You Evah!
2087:A Marshmallow World
1692:Pistol Packin' Mama
1489:Pennies from Heaven
1419:Waltzing in a Dream
1413:(Bing's Theme Song)
1141:(4 November 2011).
992:"Record Round-Up".
188:John D. Rockefeller
2171:(with Gary Crosby)
2139:Zing a Little Zong
2046:(with Gary Crosby)
1740:Swinging on a Star
1733:I'll Be Seeing You
1686:(with Trudy Erwin)
1353:Three Little Words
1094:The New York Times
923:The New York Times
563:The Kennedy Center
459:Occupy Wall Street
395:The New York Times
348:The New York Times
323:, and released by
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1028:978-0-86360-014-2
864:978-0-06-184346-4
834:978-0-520-93120-6
741:978-1-135-47192-7
669:978-0-8108-5655-4
639:978-0-307-26628-6
609:978-0-313-33522-8
538:978-0-472-08312-1
484:Thomas S. Hischak
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340:1970s stagflation
278:Brunswick Records
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2066:Beyond the Reef
1988:
1948:Far Away Places
1934:Now Is the Hour
1873:McNamara's Band
1647:White Christmas
1598:It's Always You
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1565:Andrews Sisters
1454:June in January
1388:At Your Command
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2313:1932 singles
2153:Silver Bells
2104:Gone Fishin'
1709:Jingle Bells
1632:Woody Herman
1591:Only Forever
1496:Silent Night
1425:
1174:
1164:
1152:. Retrieved
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945:
938:
926:. Retrieved
922:
890:. Retrieved
886:
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849:Zinn, Howard
843:
823:
803:February 29,
801:. Retrieved
781:
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704:. Retrieved
693:Kapilow, Rob
658:
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566:. Retrieved
527:
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450:Philip Furia
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2218:Grace Kelly
2059:All My Love
2034:Gary Crosby
2001:Quicksilver
1674:Trudy Erwin
1517:Blue Hawaii
1373:Gus Arnheim
1321:Let's Do It
1252:Discography
1242:Bing Crosby
774:1700–1799:
754:1634–1699:
479:Rob Kapilow
440:" (1929), "
338:During the
282:Rudy Vallee
274:Bing Crosby
208:World War I
170:Yip Harburg
138:Rudy Vallée
134:Bing Crosby
110:Yip Harburg
93:Yip Harburg
87:Lyricist(s)
73:Composer(s)
2308:1931 songs
2302:Categories
2204:Buddy Cole
2145:Jane Wyman
2124:Jane Wyman
2042:Sam's Song
1983:Mule Train
1921:Galway Bay
1726:I Love You
1611:Bob Crosby
1538:My Reverie
1440:Temptation
491:References
313:Parlophone
220:Bonus Army
192:socialists
174:Jay Gorney
145:Background
114:Jay Gorney
79:Jay Gorney
2212:True Love
1927:Ballerina
1719:Poinciana
973:cite book
390:Americana
357:Roosevelt
321:Al Bowlly
317:Lew Stone
309:Harry Roy
302:Tom Waits
290:Al Jolson
270:Americana
266:Americana
232:minor key
183:Americana
125:Americana
56:Americana
1859:Symphony
1395:Stardust
965:17951884
851:(2009).
779:(1992).
759:(1997).
477:Pianist
333:Columbia
254:Hatikvah
236:Brother,
1619:Dolores
1244:singles
424:Variety
225:Marxist
118:musical
2283:(with
2240:(with
2216:(with
2202:(with
2157:(with
2143:(with
2122:(with
2108:(with
2032:(with
1842:(with
1672:(with
1630:(with
1609:(with
1563:(with
1371:(with
1357:(with
1335:Louise
1325:(with
1271:(with
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1154:22 May
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928:26 May
892:26 May
861:
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568:21 May
535:
404:
249:Tablet
240:Buddy,
2271:1980s
2253:1970s
2206:Trio)
1993:1950s
1576:1940s
1345:1930s
1259:1920s
786:(PDF)
766:(PDF)
419:'
392:. In
370:Agnew
366:Nixon
325:Decca
121:revue
1774:Amor
1179:ISBN
1156:2020
1116:ISBN
1050:ISBN
1023:ISBN
1019:dime
1015:rope
979:link
961:OCLC
951:ISBN
930:2020
894:2020
859:ISBN
829:ISBN
805:2024
736:ISBN
708:2020
664:ISBN
634:ISBN
604:ISBN
570:2020
533:ISBN
374:Ford
300:and
276:for
212:dime
157:The
136:and
65:Song
701:NPR
463:NPR
294:NBC
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