893:
2104:
1344:
1334:
400:; Gnedin, O. Y.; Schneider, D. P.; Beers, T. C.; Barentine, J. C.; Brewington, H.; Brinkmann, J.; Harvanek, M.; Kleinman, S. J. (2007). "Cats and Dogs, Hair and a Hero: A Quintet of New Milky Way Companions".
396:; Wilkinson, M. I.; Fellhauer, M.; Bramich, D. M.; Hewett, P. C.; Vidrih, S.; De Jong, J. T. A.; Smith, J. A.; Rix, H. ‐W.; Bell, E. F.; Wyse, R. F. G.; Newberg, H. J.; Mayeur, P. A.; Yanny, B.;
2151:
363:
2146:
514:
Martin, N. F.; De Jong, J. T. A.; Rix, H. W. (2008). "A Comprehensive
Maximum Likelihood Analysis of the Structural Properties of Faint Milky Way Satellites".
284:
The stellar population of CVn II consists mainly of old stars formed more than 12 billion years ago. The metallicity of these old stars is also very low at
1380:
295:, which means that they contain 150 times less heavy elements than the Sun. The stars of CVn II were probably among the first stars to form in the
684:; Guhathakurta, P.; Frebel, A. (2008). "Uncovering Extremely Metal-Poor Stars in the Milky Way's Ultrafaint Dwarf Spheroidal Satellite Galaxies".
892:
1400:
1224:
1062:
830:
802:
168:
2126:
1304:
456:
Greco, Claudia; Dall’Ora, Massimo; Clementini, Gisella; et al. (2008). "On the Newly
Discovered Canes Venatici II dSph Galaxy".
1410:
1299:
1389:
1144:
1038:
1149:
2064:
1373:
2141:
954:
1515:
974:
1244:
231:
2131:
2107:
1366:
1174:
1139:
936:
795:
737:
Grcevich, J.; Putman, M. E. (2009). "H I in Local Group Dwarf
Galaxies and Stripping by the Galactic Halo".
239:
220:
1447:
1086:
1081:
73:
627:(2007). "The Kinematics of the Ultra‐faint Milky Way Satellites: Solving the Missing Satellite Problem".
1843:
1838:
1720:
1563:
1457:
1314:
1239:
1189:
1184:
855:
242:(dSph) meaning that it has an elliptical (ratio of axes ~ 2:1) shape with a half-light radius of about
392:
Belokurov, V.; Zucker, D. B.; Evans, N. W.; Kleyna, J. T.; Koposov, S.; Hodgkin, S. T.; Irwin, M. J.;
2136:
1553:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1194:
1179:
1048:
756:
703:
646:
586:
533:
475:
419:
397:
353:
1523:
1475:
1470:
1465:
1259:
869:
274:
1333:
1347:
1254:
1209:
1043:
849:
788:
746:
719:
693:
662:
636:
602:
576:
549:
523:
491:
465:
435:
409:
262:
143:
326:
The galaxy was also independently discovered by T. Sakamoto and T. Hasegawa as SDSS J1257+3419.
1602:
1429:
1319:
1309:
1091:
1073:
1022:
1007:
393:
31:
28:
1934:
1688:
1337:
1269:
1129:
764:
711:
654:
594:
541:
483:
427:
300:
299:. Currently there is no star formation in CVn II. Measurements have so far failed to detect
266:
178:
1002:
911:
238:
and moves towards the Sun with the velocity of about 130 km/s. It is classified as a
51:
567:
Sakamoto, T.; Hasegawa, T. (2006). "Discovery of a Faint Old
Stellar System at 150 kpc".
760:
707:
650:
590:
537:
479:
423:
2046:
2031:
2023:
1677:
1264:
1154:
1027:
979:
924:
224:
44:
768:
2120:
1249:
1204:
1124:
994:
984:
946:
919:
227:
39:
606:
553:
495:
439:
1646:
1219:
1169:
1101:
1017:
1012:
929:
723:
666:
1358:
1119:
2072:
1990:
1710:
1164:
1159:
1114:
969:
843:
837:
278:
63:
2000:
1705:
1700:
1587:
1528:
1442:
1437:
1405:
862:
681:
624:
277:
is around 340. A high mass to light ratio implies that CVn II is dominated by
270:
119:
88:
2087:
2082:
2041:
2036:
1654:
1628:
1620:
1571:
1279:
1214:
1109:
1032:
964:
959:
823:
811:
258:
261:—its integrated luminosity is about 8,000 times that of the Sun (absolute
2077:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1693:
1597:
1592:
876:
581:
414:
296:
2005:
1985:
1980:
1970:
1548:
1274:
1234:
1229:
1995:
1975:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1668:
358:
265:
of about −4.9), which is much lower than the luminosity of a typical
234:. The galaxy is located at a distance of about 150 kpc from the
134:
103:
715:
658:
598:
545:
487:
431:
1199:
751:
698:
641:
528:
470:
1420:
1362:
784:
235:
257:
CVn II is one of the smallest and faintest satellites of the
891:
780:
2063:
2022:
1948:
1927:
1719:
1676:
1667:
1645:
1619:
1580:
1562:
1514:
1456:
1428:
1419:
1292:
1100:
1072:
1061:
993:
945:
910:
903:
818:
200:
177:
167:
162:
142:
72:
62:
50:
38:
26:
21:
387:
385:
383:
381:
379:
230:and discovered in 2006 in data obtained by the
1374:
796:
364:Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg
8:
509:
507:
505:
618:
616:
451:
449:
2060:
2019:
1673:
1642:
1616:
1425:
1381:
1367:
1359:
1069:
907:
803:
789:
781:
750:
697:
640:
580:
527:
469:
413:
269:. However, its mass is about 2.5 million
348:
346:
344:
342:
182:
147:
2152:Astronomical objects discovered in 2006
885:) may be read as "within" or "part of".
338:
319:
68:+34° 19′ 15″
18:
16:Galaxy in constellation Canes Venatici
7:
2147:Principal Galaxies Catalogue objects
1401:Canes Venatici in Chinese astronomy
14:
2103:
2102:
1343:
1342:
1332:
1411:List of stars in Canes Venatici
1390:Constellation of Canes Venatici
22:Canes Venatici II Dwarf Galaxy
1:
1305:Andromeda–Milky Way collision
680:Kirby, E. N.; Simon, J. D.;
769:10.1088/0004-637X/696/1/385
2168:
2127:Dwarf spheroidal galaxies
2100:
2059:
2018:
1641:
1615:
1396:
1328:
889:
739:The Astrophysical Journal
686:The Astrophysical Journal
629:The Astrophysical Journal
569:The Astrophysical Journal
516:The Astrophysical Journal
458:The Astrophysical Journal
402:The Astrophysical Journal
303:in it—the upper limit is
205:
232:Sloan Digital Sky Survey
937:Supermassive black hole
273:, which means that its
240:dwarf spheroidal galaxy
221:dwarf spheroidal galaxy
1225:Sagittarius Spheroidal
1087:Small Magellanic Cloud
1082:Large Magellanic Cloud
1039:Pisces-Eridanus stream
897:
895:
856:Laniakea Supercluster
1689:a (Whirlpool Galaxy)
896:The Milky Way Galaxy
2065:Astronomical events
870:Observable universe
761:2009ApJ...696..385G
708:2008ApJ...685L..43K
651:2007ApJ...670..313S
591:2006ApJ...653L..29S
538:2008ApJ...684.1075M
480:2008ApJ...675L..73G
424:2007ApJ...654..897B
275:mass to light ratio
206:CVn II, PGC 4713558
2142:Milky Way Subgroup
1210:Pisces Overdensity
1044:Sagittarius Stream
955:Carina–Sagittarius
898:
850:Virgo Supercluster
831:Milky Way subgroup
354:"NAME CVn II dSph"
201:Other designations
144:Apparent magnitude
27:Observation data (
2114:
2113:
2096:
2095:
2055:
2054:
2014:
2013:
1663:
1662:
1637:
1636:
1611:
1610:
1598:HAT-P-36 (Tuiren)
1356:
1355:
1320:Zone of Avoidance
1288:
1287:
1135:Canes Venatici II
1092:Magellanic Bridge
1074:Magellanic Clouds
1057:
1056:
1023:Magellanic Stream
1008:Fimbulthul stream
263:visible magnitude
213:Canes Venatici II
210:
209:
184:
149:
2159:
2106:
2105:
2061:
2020:
1674:
1643:
1617:
1603:CWISE J1249+3621
1426:
1383:
1376:
1369:
1360:
1346:
1345:
1338:Astronomy portal
1336:
1130:Canes Venatici I
1070:
975:Scutum–Centaurus
908:
886:
884:
875:
868:
861:
854:
848:
842:
836:
829:
805:
798:
791:
782:
773:
772:
754:
734:
728:
727:
701:
677:
671:
670:
644:
620:
611:
610:
584:
582:astro-ph/0610858
564:
558:
557:
531:
522:(2): 1075–1092.
511:
500:
499:
473:
453:
444:
443:
417:
415:astro-ph/0608448
389:
374:
373:
371:
370:
350:
327:
324:
309:
308:
301:neutral hydrogen
294:
293:
291:
267:globular cluster
253:
251:
250:
223:situated in the
196:
195:
194:
158:
156:
137:
132:
131:
122:
117:
116:
106:
101:
100:
91:
86:
85:
58:
19:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2161:
2160:
2158:
2157:
2156:
2117:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2092:
2051:
2024:Galaxy clusters
2010:
1944:
1923:
1715:
1659:
1633:
1607:
1576:
1558:
1510:
1452:
1415:
1392:
1387:
1357:
1352:
1324:
1300:Alternate names
1284:
1096:
1064:
1053:
1003:Aquarius Stream
989:
941:
912:Galactic Center
899:
887:
882:
880:
879:
873:
866:
859:
852:
846:
840:
834:
827:
814:
809:
778:
776:
736:
735:
731:
679:
678:
674:
622:
621:
614:
566:
565:
561:
513:
512:
503:
455:
454:
447:
391:
390:
377:
368:
366:
352:
351:
340:
336:
331:
330:
325:
321:
316:
306:
304:
289:
287:
285:
248:
246:
245:
243:
192:
190:
189:
187:
163:Characteristics
154:
152:
129:
127:
126:
124:
114:
112:
111:
109:
108:
98:
96:
95:
93:
83:
81:
80:
78:
56:
52:Right ascension
17:
12:
11:
5:
2165:
2163:
2155:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2132:Canes Venatici
2129:
2119:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2069:
2067:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2047:NGC 4631 Group
2044:
2039:
2034:
2032:Canes II Group
2028:
2026:
2016:
2015:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1958:
1952:
1950:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1725:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1708:
1703:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1691:
1682:
1680:
1671:
1665:
1664:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1651:
1649:
1639:
1638:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1625:
1623:
1613:
1612:
1609:
1608:
1606:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1568:
1566:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1536:
1531:
1529:Y (La Superba)
1526:
1520:
1518:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1462:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1445:
1443:α (Cor Caroli)
1440:
1434:
1432:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1414:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1371:
1363:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1340:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1310:Baade's Window
1307:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1283:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1267:
1265:Ursa Major III
1262:
1257:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1150:Coma Berenices
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1106:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1078:
1076:
1067:
1059:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1036:
1030:
1028:Monoceros Ring
1025:
1020:
1015:
1010:
1005:
999:
997:
991:
990:
988:
987:
982:
980:Near 3 kpc Arm
977:
972:
967:
962:
957:
951:
949:
943:
942:
940:
939:
934:
933:
932:
925:Sagittarius A*
922:
916:
914:
905:
901:
900:
890:
888:
822:
820:
816:
815:
810:
808:
807:
800:
793:
785:
775:
774:
745:(1): 385–395.
729:
716:10.1086/592432
692:(1): L43–L46.
672:
659:10.1086/521816
635:(1): 313–331.
623:Simon, J. D.;
612:
599:10.1086/510332
575:(1): L29–L32.
559:
546:10.1086/590336
501:
488:10.1086/533585
464:(2): L73–L76.
445:
432:10.1086/509718
408:(2): 897–906.
398:Rockosi, C. M.
375:
337:
335:
332:
329:
328:
318:
317:
315:
312:
310:solar masses.
225:Canes Venatici
208:
207:
203:
202:
198:
197:
185:
175:
174:
171:
165:
164:
160:
159:
150:
140:
139:
76:
70:
69:
66:
60:
59:
54:
48:
47:
45:Canes Venatici
42:
36:
35:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2164:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2109:
2099:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2017:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1920:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1762:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1750:
1747:
1745:
1742:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1647:Star clusters
1644:
1640:
1630:
1627:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1573:
1570:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1527:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1379:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1365:
1364:
1361:
1349:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1261:
1260:Ursa Major II
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1250:Triangulum II
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
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1128:
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1019:
1016:
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996:
992:
986:
985:Far 3 kpc Arm
983:
981:
978:
976:
973:
971:
968:
966:
963:
961:
958:
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953:
952:
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948:
944:
938:
935:
931:
930:Fermi bubbles
928:
927:
926:
923:
921:
920:Sagittarius A
918:
917:
915:
913:
909:
906:
902:
894:
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845:
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228:constellation
226:
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199:
186:
180:
179:Apparent size
176:
172:
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145:
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136:
121:
105:
90:
77:
75:
71:
67:
65:
61:
55:
53:
49:
46:
43:
41:
40:Constellation
37:
33:
30:
25:
20:
1939:
1315:In mythology
1255:Ursa Major I
1220:Reticulum II
1134:
1049:Virgo Stream
1018:Helmi stream
1013:Gaia Sausage
965:Orion–Cygnus
960:Norma–Cygnus
881:Each arrow (
777:
742:
738:
732:
689:
685:
675:
632:
628:
572:
568:
562:
519:
515:
461:
457:
405:
401:
367:. Retrieved
357:
322:
283:
271:solar masses
256:
216:
212:
211:
2137:Local Group
2073:GRB 090429B
1991:I Zwicky 36
1165:Eridanus II
1140:Canis Major
844:Local Sheet
838:Local Group
394:Gilmore, G.
279:dark matter
64:Declination
2121:Categories
1621:Exoplanets
1588:Gliese 521
1406:Giant Void
1270:Ursa Minor
1125:Boötes III
863:Local Hole
369:2010-02-06
334:References
2088:SN 2008ax
2083:SN 2005cs
2042:M94 Group
2037:M51 Group
2001:4C +41.26
1655:Messier 3
1629:HAT-P-12b
1458:Flamsteed
1448:β (Chara)
1280:Willman 1
1215:Pisces II
1120:Boötes II
1110:Antlia II
1063:Satellite
1033:Palomar 5
904:Structure
824:Milky Way
812:Milky Way
752:0901.4975
699:0807.1925
642:0706.0516
529:0805.2945
471:0712.2241
259:Milky Way
2108:Category
2078:SN 1994I
1928:Numbered
1669:Galaxies
1593:HAT-P-12
1516:Variable
1348:Category
1240:Sculptor
1175:Hercules
1155:Crater 2
1115:Boötes I
1065:galaxies
877:Universe
819:Location
682:Geha, M.
625:Geha, M.
607:14996020
554:17838966
496:15329975
440:18617277
297:Universe
252: pc
74:Distance
57:12 57 10
2006:TON 618
1986:IC 4271
1981:IC 4182
1971:DDO 169
1678:Messier
1293:Related
1275:Virgo I
1245:Sextans
1235:Segue 2
1230:Segue 1
1205:Phoenix
970:Perseus
757:Bibcode
724:3185311
704:Bibcode
667:9715950
647:Bibcode
587:Bibcode
534:Bibcode
476:Bibcode
420:Bibcode
1996:KKR 03
1976:IC 883
1966:3C 288
1961:3C 286
1956:3C 285
1190:Leo IV
1185:Leo II
1170:Fornax
1145:Carina
1102:Dwarfs
1035:stream
872:
865:
858:
833:
826:
722:
665:
605:
552:
494:
438:
359:SIMBAD
217:CVn II
181:
146:
133:
118:
102:
87:
1949:Other
1581:Other
1430:Bayer
1421:Stars
1200:Leo T
1195:Leo V
1180:Leo I
1160:Draco
747:arXiv
720:S2CID
694:arXiv
663:S2CID
637:arXiv
603:S2CID
577:arXiv
550:S2CID
524:arXiv
492:S2CID
466:arXiv
436:S2CID
410:arXiv
314:Notes
288:−2.19
219:is a
193:−0.4′
191:+0.6′
32:epoch
29:J2000
1919:5394
1914:5371
1909:5273
1904:5238
1899:5229
1894:5223
1889:5112
1884:5033
1879:5023
1874:5005
1869:5003
1864:5002
1859:4861
1854:4800
1849:4707
1844:4657
1839:4656
1834:4631
1829:4627
1824:4625
1819:4618
1814:4534
1809:4490
1804:4485
1799:4449
1794:4401
1789:4400
1784:4399
1779:4395
1774:4244
1769:4242
1764:4217
1759:4214
1754:4183
1749:4163
1744:4151
1739:4145
1734:4138
1729:4111
1572:4997
995:Halo
947:Disk
292:0.58
188:3.2′
173:dSph
169:Type
153:15.1
1721:NGC
1711:106
1685:51
765:doi
743:696
712:doi
690:685
655:doi
633:670
595:doi
573:653
542:doi
520:684
484:doi
462:675
428:doi
406:654
307:000
249:−10
247:+14
236:Sun
215:or
183:(V)
157:0.5
148:(V)
135:kpc
125:160
120:kly
115:−13
113:+16
110:522
104:kpc
99:−13
97:+15
94:150
89:kly
84:−43
82:+49
79:490
2123::
1940:II
1706:94
1701:63
1564:HR
1554:DG
1549:BH
1544:AW
1539:AM
1534:RS
1506:25
1501:24
1496:21
1491:20
1486:19
1481:10
763:.
755:.
741:.
718:.
710:.
702:.
688:.
661:.
653:.
645:.
631:.
615:^
601:.
593:.
585:.
571:.
548:.
540:.
532:.
518:.
504:^
490:.
482:.
474:.
460:.
448:^
434:.
426:.
418:.
404:.
378:^
362:.
356:.
341:^
305:14
286:≈
281:.
254:.
244:74
130:−5
128:+4
1935:I
1694:b
1524:R
1476:6
1471:5
1466:4
1438:α
1382:e
1375:t
1368:v
883:→
874:→
867:→
860:→
853:→
847:→
841:→
835:→
828:→
804:e
797:t
790:v
771:.
767::
759::
749::
726:.
714::
706::
696::
669:.
657::
649::
639::
609:.
597::
589::
579::
556:.
544::
536::
526::
498:.
486::
478::
468::
442:.
430::
422::
412::
372:.
290:±
155:±
138:)
123:(
107:)
92:(
34:)
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