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353:(Ponce Massacre Museum: March 2011), page 2, the Insular Ponce "assassinated" the four men in a pre-meditated fashion and under the direction of the U.S.-appointed Puerto Rico police chief the American colonel Francis Riggs. "The Nationalists responded by killing the State Chief of Police, Colonel Francis Riggs, on February 23, 1936." The two young Nationalists responsible were captured and executed at the police barracks in San Juan without a trial, with no law enforcement officer ever being brought to trial for their executions.
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367:" against Albizu Campos and the other party leaders. Albizu Campos and the others were found not guilty by a jury consisting mostly of native Puerto Ricans. However, General Winship arranged for a retrial to take place, this time with a 10-2 majority of North Americans on the jury. Conviction was handily achieved, sentencing Albizu to ten years and the others to six years in the Atlanta federal
444:, the female "Daughters of the Republic" group, and a small music band. These - together with their families, friends, and local bystanders - started to assemble around the club house in preparation for the midday parade. Simultaneous with this, some 150 well-armed Insular Police officers positioned themselves strategically so as to encircle the demonstrators.
413:'s office. But at the eleventh hour, Governor Winship instructed the new Insular Police Chief, Colonel Enrique de Orbeta, to contact Mayor Tormos and have him cancel the parade permit. He also ordered Orbeta to increase the police force in the southern city, and to stop, "by any means necessary," any demonstration conducted by the Nationalists in Ponce.
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At the time of the 1937 Ponce massacre, the owners were
Francisco de Jesus y Graciela Toro Vendrell. In 1945 the property was sold to Juan Riera Ginard and Carmen M. Toro de Riera, who never occupied the house but instead used it as a source of rental income. The house was rented out in two units:
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Juan Cotal - Conrado Rivera - Jose
Antonio Delgado - Ivan Rodriguez - Maria Hernandez - Jenaro Rodriguez - Luis Jimenez - Pedro Rodriguez - Ceferino Loyola - Obdulio Rosario - Georgina Maldonado - Eusebio Sanchez - Bolivar Marquez - Juan Santos - Ramon Ortiz - Juan Torres - Ulpiano Perea - Teodoro
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The Ponce
Massacre Museum is the two-story house at the intersection of Marina and Aurora streets where the events took place. It is a brick masonry and wood building. The Historic Archives of the Municipality of Ponce show a residence at that location as far back as 1886. However the present
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The Ponce
Committee of the Nationalist Party had its headquarters at 32 Marina Street. This was a corner property that bordered Aurora Street, and had been used as the committee's meeting hall for over 10 years. In 1937, the local committee made plans for the annual celebration of the
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General
Winship recruited a U.S. military intelligence officer (and scion of the Riggs National Bank) named E. Francis Riggs as his Chief of Police and governed for five years (1934–1939). During this time he engaged in "an open struggle against the Nationalist Party and a direct
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The permit was revoked the very same morning of the activity, but the Party refused to cancel the parade and instructed its participants to form as planned in front of their club house and move on with the activity. The group of participants consisted of the male members of the
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The Hays
Commission, created to investigate the facts, determined that what occurred at this site was a massacre provoked, in great measure, by the climate of intolerance, discrimination, and belittlement towards civil rights of the government of General Blanton Winship.
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On that day, a peaceful march organized by the Puerto Rican
Nationalist Party was dissolved by the authorities through a shooting, with a large number of Nationalists and bystanders resulting dead and wounded, as well as two policeman also victims of the incident.
450:, Cadet Captain of Ponce, was in charge of the Cadets in the parade. Moments before the march began, police Captain Soldevilla walked up and ordered López de Victoria to keep the Cadets from marching. López de Victoria ordered the cadet band to play
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in 1898, the island's political status within the U.S. became a subject of ardent conversation within Puerto Rican political circles. A number of political parties sprung up as a result, with platforms based on their desired relationship to the U.S.
484:, President of the ACLU, as the Commission's president. After months of investigation that ACLU commission determined "that Governor Winship was directly responsible for the incident; that the Nationalists were exercising their basic right of
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Riggs' death provoked
General Winship's outrage. He ordered police raids on every Nationalist Party office in the entire island, with the express purpose of finding evidence that would
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The three basic party options were independence, statehood, and commonwealth. The independence movement came to be symbolized by the Puerto Rican
Nationalist Party.
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marchers. The police unleashed a fusillade of gunfire into the defenseless crowd. This included fifteen to twenty policemen shooting
Thompson .45 machine guns (
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The afternoon of March 21, 1937, became "one of the saddest" and the most violent day in the Puerto Rican political struggle for independence.
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places this memorial as permanent record to the fallen, who offered their lives in defense of their ideals and of the most basic human rights.
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purchased the property, reconditioned it, and subsequently converted it into the Museo de la Masacre de Ponce. The architectural style is
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The museum was temporarily shut in 2006 for restoration and repairs. Subsequent to a $ 275,000 renovation, the museum re-opened in 2013.
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Comienza la reparación del Museo de la Masacre en Ponce: Los trabajos son supervisados por el Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña (ICP).
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Comienza la reparación del Museo de la Masacre en Ponce: Los trabajos son supervisados por el Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña (ICP).
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It is believed that a shot was fired by the police to instigate an incident, and to provide an alibi for opening fire on the unarmed
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286:"On March 21, 1937, Easter Sunday, this site witnessed one of the most tragic and moving events of our history: The Ponce Massacre.
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of its leadership." Consistent with this open and intense political hostility, "in October 1935 the State Police in the town of
480:(ACLU) came to Puerto Rico and formed a commission consisting of well-respected citizens to investigate the incident, with Dr.
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in 1937. The museum is housed inside the building where the event itself occurred, with one of its sections devoted to the
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In the early 1930s, concurrent with the growing sentiment for Nationalism and independence in Puerto Rico, U.S. president
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Today the Ponce massacre building is a museum that honors the victims of the massacre and commemorates the infamous event
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Historic Archives of the Municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico. Area: City Hall. Series: Public Works. Box 27/09-1906.
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The violent incident in Ponce shook the entire population of the Island despite their political differences. The
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performed by the United States, as well as hosting a considerable number of photos from the Nationalist era.
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the party members in the assassination of Police Chief Riggs - however, no evidence was ever found.
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Museo Casa de la Masacre de Ponce: En conmemoracion del Primer Cincuentenario de la Masacre de Ponce
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Sara Marrero Caban. Voces del Sur. Ponce, Puerto Rico. 11 January 2020. Accessed 11 January 2020.
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Photojournalist's picture of the actual massacre event, on Marina and Aurora streets, with
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733:(in Spanish) (2nd ed.). McGraw Hill Interamericana Edit. pp. 793–799.
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El Nuevo Dia. Guaynabo, Puerto Rico. 21 January 2020. Accessed 12 October 2020.
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the first floor as commercial space and the second floor as residential unit.
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457:(the Puerto Rican national anthem), and told his Cadets to start their march.
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Despite the absence of any evidence, Winship's government brought charges of "
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in Rio Piedras, a neighboring town next to San Juan. This was known as the
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National Register of Historic Places Registration Form: Casa de la Masacre
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assigned a new governor for the island: a former U.S. Army General named
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National Register of Historic Places listings in Ponce, Puerto Rico
781:(in Spanish). Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña. pp. 50–65.
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Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Puerto Rico
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ParaLaNaturaleza.org Published in 2020. Accessed 12 October 2020.
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passed Joint Resolution Number 2951, designating the property a
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Today, on the fiftieth anniversary of that mournful event, the
804:(in Spanish). Archived from the original on 12 January 2013.
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Universidad Católica de Puerto Rico Escuela de Arquitectura
94:
Location of Ponce and the Casa de la Masacre in Puerto Rico
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National Register of Historic Places in Ponce, Puerto Rico
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Victoria, Tomás López de; Marichal, José Manuel Dávila.
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SE corner of Marina and Aurora Streets (32 Marina St.),
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Remembrance Plaque at Casa de la Masacre in Ponce, PR.
312:- Inscription on the North exterior wall of the Museum
839:"Tras 7 años, reabrirán Museo de la Masacre de Ponce"
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Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church
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Llanes Santos, Juan; Pagán, Jacqueline (June 2005),
227:. It depicts the history and events surrounding the
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1691:List of National Historic Landmarks in Puerto Rico
27:Museum and historic building in Ponce, Puerto Rico
349:According to Jose E. Ayoroa Santaliz in his work
401:The Nationalists had received a permit for the
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1512:Cathedral Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe of Ponce
524:By 1906 the owners of the property contracted
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1251:Banco Crédito y Ahorro Ponceño (institution)
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425:Photo showing the machine gun bullet-ridden
1343:Panteón Nacional Román Baldorioty de Castro
1091:Fundación Biblioteca Rafael Hernández Colón
760:The World of 1898: The Spanish–American War
528:, a well-known civil engineer from Ponce, (
517:building, and the building occupied by the
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579:Effects of the 2020 Puerto Rico earthquake
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1765:Tourist attractions in Ponce, Puerto Rico
1457:Antiguo Hospital Militar Español de Ponce
1338:Antiguo Hospital Militar Español de Ponce
1112:Monumento a la abolición de la esclavitud
899:Landmarks and historic buildings of the
779:Verdadera historia de la Masacre de Ponce
583:The building sustained damage due to the
51:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1452:Antiguo Cuartel Militar Español de Ponce
1333:Antiguo Cuartel Militar Español de Ponce
1030:Primera Iglesia Metodista Unida de Ponce
802:"¡Atención, firmes, de frente, marchen!"
243:. It also documents the blacklisting of
1630:Cementerio Catolico San Vicente de Paul
1522:Edificio Municipal de la Playa de Ponce
1241:Edificio Banco Crédito y Ahorro Ponceño
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1132:Ponce Honra A Su Maestra: Lolita Tizol
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231:, which occurred in broad daylight on
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1107:Monumento a los héroes de El Polvorín
999:Instituto de Música Juan Morel Campos
932:Monumento a los héroes de El Polvorín
756:"Abolition of Slavery in Puerto Rico"
613:List of museums in Ponce, Puerto Rico
338:murdered four party members" at the
7:
1400:National Register of Historic Places
1020:Catedral Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe
731:Puerto Rico Cinco Siglos de Historia
252:National Register of Historic Places
1740:Biographical museums in Puerto Rico
396:abolition of slavery in Puerto Rico
1770:2000 establishments in Puerto Rico
1750:1910 establishments in Puerto Rico
1663:Faro de la Isla de Caja de Muertos
1477:Casa Alcaldía de Ponce – City Hall
1199:Parque Lineal Veredas del Labrador
754:Hispanic Division (22 June 2011).
25:
1071:Museo de la Música Puertorriqueña
558:Institute of Puerto Rican Culture
299:Institute of Puerto Rican Culture
250:The museum is listed in the U.S.
215:(the Ponce Massacre Museum) is a
1537:Iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad
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1179:Parque Urbano Dora Colón Clavell
1122:Estatua Domingo Cruz ("Cocolía")
1066:Museo de la Arquitectura Ponceña
1051:Museo Francisco "Pancho" Coimbre
1025:Iglesia de la Santísima Trinidad
857:Serios daños en museos de Ponce.
597:
85:
78:
1358:Campo Atlético Charles H. Terry
1715:History museums in Puerto Rico
1467:Banco Crédito y Ahorro Ponceño
729:Scarano, Francisco A. (2000).
521:, dates from the early 1900s.
478:American Civil Liberties Union
188:
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1775:Human rights in the Caribbean
1710:Museums in Ponce, Puerto Rico
1086:Residencia Armstrong-Poventud
1056:Museo de la Historia de Ponce
845:(in Spanish). 6 January 2013.
777:Vázquez, Raúl Medina (2001).
435:killed in the Ponce massacre.
405:, which was to take place on
1447:Albergue Caritativo Tricoche
1328:Albergue Caritativo Tricoche
1297:Residencia Ermelindo Salazar
1256:Banco de Ponce (institution)
1076:Museo de la Masacre de Ponce
431:building, with relatives of
270:U.S. invasion of Puerto Rico
212:Museo de la Masacre de Ponce
32:United States historic place
1725:Museums established in 2000
1625:Cementerio Antiguo de Ponce
1004:Escuela Superior Ponce High
585:2020 Puerto Rico earthquake
279:
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1635:Centro Ceremonial Indígena
1220:Plaza del Mercado de Ponce
554:national historic landmark
1745:Ponce Creole architecture
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1607:Zaldo de Nebot Residencia
1562:Parque de Bombas de Ponce
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1127:Estatua Luis Muñoz Rivera
1117:Estatua Juan Morel Campos
814:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
571:Renovation and re-opening
340:University of Puerto Rico
245:Puerto Rican Nationalists
219:and historic building in
187:NRHP reference
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1720:Houses completed in 1910
1668:Faro del Puerto de Ponce
1312:Casa Wiechers-Villaronga
1189:Parque del Tricentenario
1163:Concha Acústica de Ponce
534:Casa Wiechers-Villaronga
177:Architectural style
1527:Fernando Luis Toro Casa
1517:Edificio Empresas Ferré
1302:Centro Español de Ponce
1272:Casa Fernando Luis Toro
1246:Edificio Banco de Ponce
1194:Parque Ecológico Urbano
1100:Monuments and memorials
973:Antiguo Casino de Ponce
660:"Ponce Massacre Museum"
550:Puerto Rico Legislature
540:Evolution of the museum
448:Tomás López de Victoria
135:18.009318°N 66.613537°W
1542:McCabe Memorial Church
1487:Casa Miguel C. Godreau
1184:Parque de la Abolición
1061:Museo de Arte de Ponce
1046:Museo Parque de Bombas
910:and immediate vicinity
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442:Cadets of the Republic
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260:(the Massacre House).
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1547:Mercado de las Carnes
1507:Castillo de Serralles
1225:Mercado de las Carnes
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424:
382:
320:Franklin D. Roosevelt
280:Winship's persecution
140:18.009318; -66.613537
1760:Human rights museums
1673:Puente Río Portugués
1582:Salazar–Candal House
1462:Armstrong-Toro House
1420:Hacienda Buena Vista
1137:Monumento a la Mujer
987:Schools and colleges
956:Government buildings
482:Arthur Garfield Hays
344:Río Piedras massacre
305:Velez - Juan Reyes"
1572:Ponce YMCA Building
1307:Casa Salazar-Candal
1158:Teatro Fox Delicias
1013:Religious buildings
978:Correo de la Atocha
947:Los Chinos de Ponce
901:Ponce Historic Zone
764:Library of Congress
409:, from Ponce Mayor
241:Pedro Albizu Campos
217:human rights museum
131: /
1755:Art Nouveau houses
1577:Rosaly–Batiz House
1482:Casa de la Masacre
1404:Ponce, Puerto Rico
927:Plaza Muñoz Rivera
917:Plaza Las Delicias
908:Plaza Las Delicias
605:Puerto Rico portal
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428:Casa de la Masacre
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389:in the background.
386:Casa de la Masacre
257:Casa de la Masacre
154:less than one acre
108:Ponce, Puerto Rico
43:Casa de la Masacre
18:Casa de la Masacre
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1597:U.S. Custom House
1567:Ponce High School
1557:Oppenheimer House
1532:Font–Ubides House
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1353:Calle 25 de Enero
1287:Casa Rosaly–Batiz
1282:Residencia Subirá
519:Nationalist Party
486:freedom of speech
472:The investigation
411:José Tormos Diego
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16:(Redirected from
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1658:Carretera Num. 6
1602:Villaronga House
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664:Travel Ponce.com
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1048:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1006:
1001:
996:
990:
988:
984:
983:
981:
980:
975:
970:
965:
959:
957:
953:
952:
950:
949:
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
913:
911:
905:
904:
898:
896:
895:
888:
881:
873:
863:
862:
848:
830:
821:
792:
769:
746:
739:
721:
669:
651:
637:
622:
620:
617:
616:
615:
609:
608:
592:
589:
580:
577:
572:
569:
556:. In 1988 the
541:
538:
513:
510:
500:
497:
473:
470:
418:
415:
376:
373:
283:
281:
278:
265:
262:
229:Ponce massacre
205:
204:
201:
197:
196:
191:
184:
183:
178:
174:
173:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
152:
148:
147:
115:
111:
110:
104:
100:
99:
93:
84:
83:
77:
76:
75:
74:
71:
70:
67:
59:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
42:
39:
38:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1787:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
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1743:
1741:
1738:
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1733:
1731:
1728:
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1723:
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1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1707:
1705:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1680:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
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1633:
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1628:
1626:
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1618:
1614:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1436:
1431:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1382:
1380:
1375:
1374:
1371:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1238:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1221:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
989:
985:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
963:Casa Alcaldía
961:
960:
958:
954:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
922:Plaza Degetau
920:
918:
915:
914:
912:
906:
902:
894:
889:
887:
882:
880:
875:
874:
871:
867:
859:
858:
852:
849:
844:
840:
834:
831:
825:
822:
817:
811:
803:
796:
793:
788:
784:
780:
773:
770:
765:
761:
757:
750:
747:
742:
736:
732:
725:
722:
707:
706:
698:
696:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
676:
674:
670:
665:
661:
655:
652:
648:
647:
641:
638:
634:
633:
627:
624:
618:
614:
611:
610:
606:
595:
590:
588:
586:
578:
576:
570:
568:
566:
563:
559:
555:
551:
548:In 1987, the
546:
539:
537:
535:
531:
527:
522:
520:
511:
505:
498:
496:
493:
491:
487:
483:
479:
471:
469:
467:
463:
458:
456:
454:
453:La Borinqueña
449:
445:
443:
434:
430:
429:
423:
416:
414:
412:
408:
404:
399:
397:
388:
387:
381:
374:
372:
370:
366:
361:
359:
354:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
327:
325:
321:
315:
313:
306:
302:
300:
295:
291:
287:
277:
274:
271:
263:
261:
259:
258:
253:
248:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:
202:
200:Added to NRHP
198:
195:
192:
185:
182:
179:
175:
172:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
144:
116:
112:
109:
105:
101:
81:
72:
65:
60:
56:
52:
47:
40:
36:
30:
19:
1683:
1587:Subirá House
1481:
1215:Paseo Atocha
1075:
865:
856:
851:
842:
833:
824:
795:
778:
772:
759:
749:
730:
724:
712:, retrieved
704:
663:
654:
645:
640:
631:
626:
582:
574:
547:
543:
530:Casa Salazar
523:
515:
512:Construction
494:
475:
459:
451:
446:
438:
433:Nationalists
427:
426:
417:The massacre
400:
392:
385:
384:
369:penitentiary
362:
355:
350:
348:
328:
317:
311:
308:
303:
296:
292:
288:
285:
275:
267:
256:
255:
249:
211:
210:
208:
181:Ponce Creole
29:
937:Hotel Meliá
490:association
462:Palm Sunday
407:Palm Sunday
358:incriminate
336:Rio Piedras
332:persecution
237:Nationalist
233:Palm Sunday
225:Puerto Rico
138: /
114:Coordinates
1704:Categories
1645:Structures
1497:Casa Vives
1492:Casa Paoli
1348:Ponce YMCA
1292:Casa Vives
1081:Casa Paoli
942:Casa Saurí
740:9701029119
619:References
562:Vernacular
526:Blas Silva
466:Tommy Guns
375:The parade
268:After the
264:Background
171:Blas Silva
126:66°36′49″W
123:18°00′34″N
1684:See also:
787:250032826
167:Architect
1439:Building
1412:District
1146:Theaters
810:cite web
591:See also
499:Building
365:sedition
239:leader,
194:05001098
103:Location
1208:Markets
1039:Museums
843:Noticel
714:8 March
1321:Others
785:
737:
565:Creole
403:parade
310:
254:in as
1617:Sites
1172:Parks
709:(PDF)
221:Ponce
159:Built
1689:and
816:link
783:OCLC
735:ISBN
716:2016
488:and
209:The
162:1910
151:Area
1402:in
189:No.
1706::
841:.
812:}}
808:{{
762:.
758:.
672:^
662:.
587:.
567:.
532:,
346:.
326:.
223:,
1392:e
1385:t
1378:v
892:e
885:t
878:v
818:)
789:.
766:.
743:.
719:.
666:.
455:,
20:)
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