2423:, which has concentrations of only 0.0001% of the element, not much higher than the abundance of lutetium in the Earth crust of about 0.5 mg/kg. No lutetium-dominant minerals are currently known. The main mining areas are China, United States, Brazil, India, Sri Lanka and Australia. The world production of lutetium (in the form of oxide) is about 10 tonnes per year. Pure lutetium metal is very difficult to prepare. It is one of the rarest and most expensive of the rare earth metals with the price about US$ 10,000 per kilogram, or about one-fourth that of
2364:, which was then responsible for the attribution of new element names, settled the dispute in 1909 by granting priority to Urbain and adopting his names as official ones, based on the fact that the separation of lutetium from Marignac's ytterbium was first described by Urbain; after Urbain's names were recognized, neoytterbium was reverted to ytterbium. An obvious issue with this decision is that Urbain was on the International Commission of Atomic Weights. Until the 1950s, some German-speaking chemists called lutetium by Welsbach's name,
44:
1509:
2368:; in 1949, the spelling of element 71 was changed to lutetium. The reason for this was that Welsbach's 1907 samples of lutetium had been pure, while Urbain's 1907 samples only contained traces of lutetium. This later misled Urbain into thinking that he had discovered element 72, which he named celtium, which was actually very pure lutetium. The later discrediting of Urbain's work on element 72 led to a reappraisal of Welsbach's work on element 71, so that the element was renamed to
1453:
2382:
2719:
1930:
2747:
2121:, and as a result lutetium has the highest density, melting point, and hardness of the lanthanides. As lutetium's 4f orbitals are highly stabilized only the 5d and 6s orbitals are involved in chemical reactions and bonding; thus it is characterized as a d-block rather than an f-block element, and on this basis some consider it not to be a lanthanide at all, but a
3768:"Ich beantrage für das an das Thulium, beziehungsweise Erbium sich anschließende, in dem vorstehenden Teile dieser Abhandlung mit Yb II bezeichnete Element die Benennung: Aldebaranium mit dem Zeichen Ad — und für das zweite, in dieser Arbeit mit Yb I bezeichnete Element, das letzte in der Reihe der seltenen Erden, die Benennung: Cassiopeïum mit dem Zeichen Cp."
2764:
2291:, with masses of 150, 151, 153–162, and 166–180 (not every mass number corresponds to only one isomer). The most stable of them are lutetium-177m, with a half-life of 160.4 days, and lutetium-174m, with a half-life of 142 days; these are longer than the half-lives of the ground states of all radioactive lutetium isotopes except lutetium-173, 174, and 176.
2700:
in the human body of all lanthanides. Human diets have not been monitored for lutetium content, so it is not known how much the average human takes in, but estimations show the amount is only about several micrograms per year, all coming from tiny amounts absorbed by plants. Soluble lutetium salts are mildly toxic, but insoluble ones are not.
3770:(I request for the element that is attached to thulium or erbium and that was denoted by Yb II in the above part of this paper, the designation "Aldebaranium" with the symbol Ad — and for the element that was denoted in this work by Yb I, the last in the series of the rare earths, the designation "Cassiopeïum" with the symbol Cp.)
2163:, and it may be used to remove vapors of these compounds from closed atmospheres. Similar observations are made during reaction between lutetium and water (slow when cold and fast when hot); lutetium hydroxide is formed in the reaction. Lutetium metal is known to react with the four lightest halogens to form tri
2699:
Similarly to the other rare-earth metals, lutetium has no known biological role, but it is found even in humans, concentrating in bones, and to a lesser extent in the liver and kidneys. Lutetium salts are known to occur together with other lanthanide salts in nature; the element is the least abundant
2147:
Lutetium's compounds almost always contain the element in the 3+ oxidation state. Aqueous solutions of most lutetium salts are colorless and form white crystalline solids upon drying, with the common exception of the iodide, which is brown. The soluble salts, such as nitrate, sulfate and acetate form
2695:
Like other rare-earth metals, lutetium is regarded as having a low degree of toxicity, but its compounds should be handled with care nonetheless: for example, lutetium fluoride inhalation is dangerous and the compound irritates skin. Lutetium nitrate may be dangerous as it may explode and burn once
4638:
Fallah, Jaleh; Agrawal, Sundeep; Gittleman, Haley; Fiero, Mallorie H.; Subramaniam, Sriram; John, Christy; Chen, Wei; Ricks, Tiffany K.; Niu, Gang; Fotenos, Anthony; Wang, Min; Chiang, Kelly; Pierce, William F.; Suzman, Daniel L.; Tang, Shenghui; Pazdur, Richard; Amiri-Kordestani, Laleh; Ibrahim,
2032:
and oxygen. The dispute on the priority of the discovery occurred shortly after, with Urbain and
Welsbach accusing each other of publishing results influenced by the published research of the other; the naming honor went to Urbain, as he had published his results earlier. He chose the name
3623:
In a footnote on page 498, James mentions that Carl Auer von
Welsbach had announced " ... the presence of a new element Er, γ, which is undoubtedly the same as here noted, ... ." The article to which James refers is: C. Auer von Welsbach (1907)
2372:
in German-speaking countries for some time. Charles James, who stayed out of the priority argument, worked on a much larger scale and possessed the largest supply of lutetium at the time. Pure lutetium metal was first produced in 1953.
2896:
Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation".
4567:
Balter, H.; Trindade, V.; Terán, M.; Gaudiano, J.; Ferrando, R.; Paolino, A.; Rodriguez, G.; Hermida, J.; De Marco, E.; Oliver, P. (2015). "177Lu-Labeled Agents for
Neuroendocrine Tumor Therapy and Bone Pain Palliation in Uruguay".
2811:
Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04).
2466:
onto suitable ion-exchange resin by exchange with hydrogen, ammonium or cupric ions present in the resin. Lutetium salts are then selectively washed out by suitable complexing agent. Lutetium metal is then obtained by
2660:
The isotope Lu emits low-energy beta particles and gamma rays and has a half-life around 7 days, positive characteristics for commercial applications, especially in therapeutic nuclear medicine. The synthetic isotope
2389:
Found with almost all other rare-earth metals but never by itself, lutetium is very difficult to separate from other elements. Its principal commercial source is as a by-product from the processing of the rare earth
2117:] 4f5d6s. Lutetium is generally encountered in the 3+ oxidation state, having lost its two outermost 6s and the single 5d-electron. The lutetium atom is the smallest among the lanthanide atoms, due to the
4272:
Daghighian, F.; Shenderov, P.; Pentlow, K. S.; Graham, M. C.; Eshaghian, B.; Melcher, C. L.; Schweitzer, J. S. (1993). "Evaluation of cerium doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO) scintillation crystals for PET".
6328:
2268:
isotopes have half-lives that are less than 9 days, and the majority of these have half-lives that are less than half an hour. Isotopes lighter than the stable lutetium-175 decay via
2159:
Lutetium metal is slightly unstable in air at standard conditions, but it burns readily at 150 °C to form lutetium oxide. The resulting compound is known to absorb water and
4136:
2797:
2361:
4214:
Nielsen, J. W.; Blank, S. L.; Smith, D. H.; Vella-Coleiro, G. P.; Hagedorn, F. B.; Barns, R. L.; Biolsi, W. A. (1974). "Three garnet compositions for bubble domain memories".
1723:
4152:
MR Pillai, Ambikalmajan, and Furn F Russ Knapp. "Evolving important role of lutetium-177 for therapeutic nuclear medicine." Current radiopharmaceuticals 8.2 (2015): 78-85.
4705:
2264:
from 149 to 190; the most stable such isotopes are lutetium-174 with a half-life of 3.31 years, and lutetium-173 with a half-life of 1.37 years. All of the remaining
2056:
in the Earth's crust. It has few specific uses. Lutetium-176 is a relatively abundant (2.5%) radioactive isotope with a half-life of about 38 billion years, used to
3096:
3218:
1964:
6008:
2611:) is the densest known stable white material (density 9.81 g/cm) and therefore is an ideal host for X-ray phosphors. The only denser white material is
4115:
1955:
3250:
Krinsky, Jamin L.; Minasian, Stefan G.; Arnold, John (2010-12-08). "Covalent
Lanthanide Chemistry Near the Limit of Weak Bonding: Observation of (CpSiMe
2925:
2236:
Lutetium occurs on the Earth in form of two isotopes: lutetium-175 and lutetium-176. Out of these two, only the former is stable, making the element
1668:
1550:
6214:
2680:
2735:
2623:
2222:
Lutetium is usually found in the +3 oxidation state, like most other lanthanides. However, it can also be in the 0, +1 and +2 states as well.
4698:
4551:
4524:
4430:
4403:
4198:
4047:
3995:
3480:
3432:
3388:
3152:
3116:
2859:
2174:
to form solutions containing the colorless lutetium ions, which are coordinated by between seven and nine water molecules, the average being
2310:
3334:
2874:
Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see
2326:
1716:
3029:
2442:
to convert rare earths into their insoluble oxalates. The oxalates are converted to oxides by annealing. The oxides are dissolved in
4171:
3184:
2938:
1190:
101:
3866:
6001:
4691:
3836:
2662:
2518:. The 6.693 day half life allows transport from the production reactor to the point of use without significant loss in activity.
1526:
4317:
4641:"FDA Approval Summary: Lutetium Lu 177 Vipivotide Tetraxetan for Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer"
3558:
Tarasov, O. B.; Gade, A.; Fukushima, K.; et al. (2024). "Observation of New
Isotopes in the Fragmentation of Pt at FRIB".
2645:
The suitable half-life and decay mode made lutetium-176 used as a pure beta emitter, using lutetium which has been exposed to
2077:
1948:
1489:
3646:
4603:
Carollo, A.; Papi, S.; Chinol, M. (2015). "Lutetium-177 Labeled
Peptides: The European Institute of Oncology Experience".
2709:
3896:
2598:
3122:
2650:
5994:
3699:"Lutetium und Neoytterbium oder Cassiopeium und Aldebaranium -- Erwiderung auf den Artikel des Herrn Auer v. Welsbach"
2142:
3225:
2041:. In 1909, the priority was finally granted to Urbain and his names were adopted as official ones; however, the name
6323:
6313:
2354:
2637:
Research indicates that lutetium-ion atomic clocks could provide greater accuracy than any existing atomic clock.
6028:
2627:
2590:
2560:
1941:
43:
6230:
1269:
6182:
4125:. Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration. pp. 769–792. Archived from the original on 2009-10-07.
6270:
6142:
6112:
3737:
2057:
2021:
1130:
6154:
4090:
6064:
6056:
2876:
Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero
Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides".
2594:
2318:
2257:
2118:
2110:
2017:
1791:
1673:
1157:
1150:
1142:
1118:
166:
128:
6170:
6072:
3144:
2674:
2582:
1627:
1617:
6318:
6092:
4734:
4469:
4282:
4223:
3938:
3809:
3567:
2631:
2597:
devices. Cerium-doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate is currently the preferred compound for detectors in
2542:
2490:
2237:
2231:
1709:
1540:
2813:
2677:. Lutetium-177 is used as a radionuclide in neuroendocrine tumor therapy and bone pain palliation.
2357:). Both of these articles accused the other man of publishing results based on those of the author.
6100:
3472:
2601:(PET). Lutetium aluminium garnet (LuAG) is used as a phosphor in light-emitting diode light bulbs.
2149:
2081:
1637:
1279:
3307:"The positions of lanthanum (actinium) and lutetium (lawrencium) in the periodic table: an update"
2438:
precipitates out of solution as hydroxide and is removed. After that the solution is treated with
6250:
6222:
6125:
6017:
4459:
4298:
4239:
4130:
3757:
3718:
3326:
3172:
2646:
2604:
2511:
1999:
1980:
1476:
1261:
1255:
3675:
1994:, which resists corrosion in dry air, but not in moist air. Lutetium is the last element in the
1607:
1577:
2381:
2052:
Lutetium is not a particularly abundant element, although it is significantly more common than
6308:
6198:
6130:
5585:
4670:
4620:
4585:
4547:
4520:
4495:
4426:
4399:
4393:
4365:; Dirksen, G.; Brixner, L.; Crawford, M. (1994). "Luminescence of materials based on LuTaO4".
4344:
4194:
4167:
4043:
4037:
4001:
3991:
3954:
3797:
3625:
3602:
3583:
3540:
3476:
3428:
3422:
3384:
3306:
3287:
3279:
3214:
3180:
3148:
3112:
2934:
2855:
2829:
2281:
2265:
1934:
1776:
1756:
1747:
1483:
1402:
1392:
1189:
777:
4541:
4514:
4420:
4188:
3983:
6120:
6044:
5649:
5354:
5183:
5012:
4931:
4850:
4823:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4660:
4652:
4612:
4577:
4485:
4477:
4374:
4290:
4231:
3946:
3817:
3749:
3710:
3614:
3575:
3530:
3464:
3318:
3271:
3168:
3136:
3104:
3019:
2985:
2924:
Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds".
2906:
2885:
2821:
2723:
2579:
2455:
2439:
2269:
2122:
2085:
2003:
1976:
1869:
1802:
1501:
1384:
1135:
61:
1452:
6080:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
2684:
2612:
2049:) for element 71 proposed by Welsbach was used by many German scientists until the 1950s.
1827:
1441:
1372:
1123:
3465:
3007:
4665:
4640:
4473:
4286:
4227:
3942:
3813:
3781:
3571:
4714:
4490:
4447:
2970:
2554:
2314:
2288:
2277:
2160:
2010:
1846:
1677:
1508:
1493:
1289:
1184:
182:
4616:
4581:
3676:"Un nouvel élément: le lutécium, résultant du dédoublement de l'ytterbium de Marignac"
3496:
6302:
5808:
4378:
4362:
3761:
3722:
2910:
2550:
2454:. Several rare earth metals, including lutetium, are separated as a double salt with
2431:
2171:
2093:
2089:
1987:
1890:
1833:
1808:
1781:
1587:
1459:
1427:
1243:
1218:
1204:
1100:
947:
4302:
4243:
3330:
5862:
5691:
5396:
4796:
4729:
3579:
3043:
2670:
2666:
2619:
2546:
2486:
2459:
2284:; the heavier isotopes decay primarily via beta decay, producing hafnium isotopes.
1597:
1569:
989:
856:
630:
4656:
3986:. In Gschneider, Karl A. Jr.; Bünzli, Jean-Claude; Pecharsky, Vitalij K. (eds.).
3071:
3057:
5916:
5880:
5871:
5781:
5763:
5754:
4791:
3108:
3003:
2443:
2261:
1913:
1875:
1031:
1003:
996:
926:
912:
905:
4481:
4339:
Simard-Normandin, Martine (2011). "A19 LED bulbs: What's under the frosting?".
3984:"Accommodation of the Rare Earths in the Periodic Table: A Historical Analysis"
3008:"Mendeleev's Periodic Table Is Finally Completed and What To Do about Group 3?"
2989:
5925:
5853:
5826:
5799:
5459:
5441:
5414:
5245:
5236:
4975:
3404:
3322:
2515:
2463:
2408:
2241:
1995:
1069:
1038:
982:
961:
940:
679:
665:
644:
516:
509:
310:
4348:
4005:
3926:
3544:
3535:
3518:
3283:
2833:
2770:
5934:
5907:
5898:
5745:
5727:
5718:
5709:
5495:
5405:
5378:
5326:
5272:
5254:
5218:
5198:
5137:
5074:
5018:
4957:
4946:
4865:
4816:
4806:
4801:
3519:"Hydrated metal ions in aqueous solution: How regular are their structures?"
3024:
2753:
2654:
2615:, with density of 10 g/cm, but the thorium it contains is radioactive.
2539:
2404:
2391:
2350:
2330:
2273:
2245:
2061:
2029:
1761:
1564:
1433:
1076:
1045:
1024:
1017:
898:
884:
877:
870:
707:
637:
616:
579:
537:
523:
495:
477:
433:
384:
340:
296:
287:
227:
4674:
4624:
4589:
4499:
3958:
3587:
3291:
2825:
17:
5889:
5790:
5673:
5655:
5630:
5621:
5594:
5567:
5531:
5522:
5432:
5423:
5317:
5189:
5155:
5065:
5056:
5047:
5038:
4993:
4912:
4894:
4829:
2889:
2535:
2479:
2472:
2395:
2333:. The scientists proposed different names for the elements: Urbain chose
2322:
2126:
2073:
2025:
2014:
1010:
933:
842:
828:
812:
805:
784:
763:
735:
728:
658:
651:
572:
470:
447:
377:
370:
363:
356:
324:
264:
250:
202:
3618:
2024:. All of these researchers found lutetium as an impurity in the mineral
1223:
3675 K (3402 °C, 6156 °F)
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5844:
5835:
5817:
5772:
5700:
5682:
5612:
5558:
5540:
5513:
5486:
5468:
5450:
5360:
5290:
5263:
5227:
5209:
5173:
5164:
5146:
5128:
5027:
4966:
4856:
4811:
4235:
4121:. In Jessica Elzea Kogel, Nikhil C. Trivedi and James M. Barker (ed.).
3950:
3821:
3800:(1932). "The discovery of the elements: XVI. The rare earth elements".
3753:
3714:
3467:
The history and use of our earth's chemical elements: a reference guide
2814:"Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)"
2696:
heated. Lutetium oxide powder is toxic as well if inhaled or ingested.
2435:
2301:
2164:
2153:
2130:
2065:
1658:
1228:
1084:
1057:
975:
968:
954:
919:
863:
849:
798:
756:
742:
721:
700:
686:
672:
602:
551:
530:
502:
488:
461:
454:
440:
426:
347:
303:
220:
4294:
3632:(Monthly Journal for Chemistry and Related Fields of Other Sciences),
3275:
2321:, and American chemist Charles James. They found it as an impurity in
1451:
5986:
5736:
5664:
5549:
5477:
5387:
5369:
5335:
5299:
5281:
5110:
5101:
5092:
4984:
4937:
4903:
4885:
4840:
4446:
Arnold, K.J.; Kaewuam, R.; Roy, A.; Tan, T.R.; Barrett, M.D. (2018).
2793:
2586:
2447:
2411:
2400:
2053:
1210:
891:
835:
749:
693:
623:
609:
586:
558:
544:
412:
405:
398:
317:
280:
257:
243:
211:
3895:
Marshall, James L. Marshall; Marshall, Virginia R. Marshall (2016).
3865:
Marshall, James L. Marshall; Marshall, Virginia R. Marshall (2015).
3835:
Marshall, James L. Marshall; Marshall, Virginia R. Marshall (2015).
3698:
3258:
Ce−ECp* and a
Comprehensive Density Functional Theory Analysis of Cp
4464:
2969:
Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021).
2002:; it can also be classified as the first element of the 6th-period
5639:
5344:
5002:
4876:
3867:"Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Confusing Years"
2468:
2380:
2306:
2114:
2069:
2009:
Lutetium was independently discovered in 1907 by French scientist
1991:
1197:
1163:
819:
593:
331:
236:
4683:
3630:
3179:(5th ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience, pp. 776, 955,
5603:
5576:
5119:
5083:
4921:
3766:
On page 191, Welsbach suggested names for the two new elements:
2424:
791:
770:
419:
391:
271:
5990:
4687:
4448:"Blackbody radiation shift assessment for a lutetium ion clock"
3357:
2514:
of Lu or by indirectly by neutron activation of Yb followed by
5308:
3897:"Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Last Member"
2852:
565:
76:
4261:. Philadelphia: Lippincott: Williams and Wilkins. p. 51.
3837:"Rediscovery of the elements: The Rare Earths–The Beginnings"
2729:
2037:
for the new element, but in 1949 the spelling was changed to
1213: (1652 °C, 3006 °F)
67:
4543:
Metal complexes in tumor diagnosis and as anticancer agents
85:
82:
64:
4064:
3786:(6th ed.). Easton, PA: Journal of Chemical Education.
3101:
Handbook of the physicochemical properties of the elements
2256:; it makes up about 2.5% of natural lutetium. To date, 40
2064:. Lutetium usually occurs in association with the element
79:
4723:
2526:
Small quantities of lutetium have many speciality uses.
2585:. Additionally, a tiny amount of lutetium is added as a
6329:
Chemical elements with hexagonal close-packed structure
4259:
Principles and Practice of Positron Emission Tomography
3603:"A new method for the separation of the yttrium earths"
2622:, which convert X-rays to visible light. It is part of
2578:) has been proposed for use as a lens material in high
4513:
Muriel Gargaud; Hervé Martin; Philippe Claeys (2007).
4039:
Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements
3977:
3975:
2088:) on neuroendocrine tumours. Lutetium has the highest
2028:, which was previously thought to consist entirely of
3740:[Resolution of ytterbium into its elements].
3628:(On the elements of the ytterbium group (1st part)),
3360:. The University of Sheffield and WebElements Ltd, UK
2707:
102:
3988:
Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths
3647:"Separation of Rare Earth Elements by Charles James"
2170:
Lutetium dissolves readily in weak acids and dilute
73:
4190:
Advanced Processes for 193-NM Immersion Lithography
2430:Crushed minerals are treated with hot concentrated
2260:of the element have been characterized, ranging in
1708:
1697:
1686:
1667:
1651:
1646:
1636:
1626:
1616:
1606:
1596:
1586:
1576:
1563:
1549:
1539:
1525:
1500:
1482:
1472:
1467:
1440:
1426:
1401:
1391:
1371:
1366:
1278:
1268:
1254:
1240:
1227:
1217:
1203:
1183:
1178:
1170:
1156:
1141:
1129:
1117:
1098:
180:
143:
127:
115:
88:
70:
55:
50:
2434:to produce water-soluble sulfates of rare earths.
2109:A lutetium atom has 71 electrons, arranged in the
1998:series, and it is traditionally counted among the
2971:"The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties"
2167:; except the fluoride they are soluble in water.
4135:: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (
3738:"Die Zerlegung des Ytterbiums in seine Elemente"
2845:
2843:
2152:, hydroxide, fluoride, carbonate, phosphate and
1521: = 554.93 pm (at 20 °C)
3383:. University of California Press. p. 598.
3270:(1). American Chemical Society (ACS): 345–357.
3103:. New York, USA: IFI-Plenum. pp. 387–446.
4419:Gupta, C. K.; Krishnamurthy, Nagaiyar (2004).
4148:
4146:
4114:Castor, Stephen B.; Hedrick, James B. (2006).
3925:Skelton, Alasdair; Thornton, Brett F. (2017).
3626:"Über die Elemente der Yttergruppe, (I. Teil)"
2669:analogue), is used experimentally in targeted
6002:
4699:
4166:(86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press.
4042:. Oxford University Press. pp. 240–242.
2933:(86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press.
2458:by crystallization. Lutetium is separated by
1949:
1147:
8:
4063:Hudson Institute of Mineralogy (1993–2018).
4031:
4029:
4027:
4025:
4023:
4021:
3201:Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms
2964:
2962:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2954:
2952:
2950:
30:
2854:. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International.
2240:. The latter one, lutetium-176, decays via
1656:
27:Chemical element with atomic number 71 (Lu)
6009:
5995:
5987:
4706:
4692:
4684:
3416:
3414:
3381:The Theory of Atomic Structure and Spectra
2446:that excludes one of the main components,
2362:International Commission on Atomic Weights
1956:
1942:
1724:
1717:
1507:
193:
42:
4664:
4489:
4463:
3982:Thyssen, Pieter; Binnemans, Koen (2011).
3534:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3450:
3023:
3607:Journal of the American Chemical Society
3424:Handbook of Inorganic Chemical Compounds
2574:
2570:
2566:
2503:
2499:
2209:
2196:
2192:
2181:
2177:
1740:
1556:
1532:
1295:
189:
5806:
4257:Wahl, R. L. (2002). "Instrumentation".
4187:Wei, Yayi; Brainard, Robert L. (2009).
3471:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp.
3097:"Mechanical Properties of the Elements"
2785:
2742:
2714:
2618:Lutetium is also a compound of several
2462:. In this process, rare-earth ions are
5860:
5689:
5394:
4128:
3669:
3667:
3203:(3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
29:
5914:
5878:
5869:
5779:
5761:
5752:
4164:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
2927:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics
2325:, which was thought by Swiss chemist
1902:
1899:
1858:
1855:
1845:
1842:
1820:
1817:
1795:
1790:
7:
5923:
5851:
5824:
5797:
5457:
5439:
5412:
5243:
5234:
4639:Amna; Kluetz, Paul G. (1 May 2023).
4422:Extractive metallurgy of rare earths
4275:IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
3651:National Historic Chemical Landmarks
3337:from the original on 30 January 2021
3044:"Lutetium Element Facts / Chemistry"
2549:and can also be used in alkylation,
1663:, Latin for: Paris, in the Roman era
5932:
5905:
5896:
5743:
5725:
5716:
5707:
5493:
5403:
5376:
5324:
5270:
5252:
5216:
5196:
5135:
5072:
4973:
4955:
4944:
4863:
4318:"Discussing LED lighting phosphors"
3990:. Amsterdam: Elsevier. p. 63.
2899:Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
2794:"Standard Atomic Weights: Lutetium"
2681:Lutetium (Lu) vipivotide tetraxetan
2148:hydrates upon crystallization. The
1331:
5950:
5887:
5788:
5671:
5653:
5628:
5619:
5592:
5565:
5520:
5502:
5430:
5421:
5315:
5187:
5153:
5063:
5045:
5036:
5016:
4991:
3072:"lutetium - Dictionary Definition"
2327:Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
1416:3rd: 2022.3 kJ/mol
25:
5842:
5833:
5815:
5770:
5680:
5610:
5583:
5556:
5538:
5529:
5511:
5484:
5466:
5448:
5358:
5288:
5261:
5225:
5171:
5162:
5144:
5126:
5054:
5025:
4964:
4910:
4892:
4854:
4827:
4617:10.2174/1874471008666150313111633
4582:10.2174/1874471008666150313112620
3032:from the original on 5 July 2017.
2450:, whose oxide is insoluble in HNO
2299:Lutetium, derived from the Latin
2137:Chemical properties and compounds
1531:poly: 9.9 µm/(m⋅K) (at
1410:1st: 523.5 kJ/mol
5734:
5698:
5662:
5547:
5475:
5385:
5367:
5297:
5279:
5207:
5108:
5099:
5090:
4935:
4838:
3497:"Chemical reactions of Lutetium"
2911:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028
2762:
2745:
2717:
2663:lutetium-177 bound to octreotate
1929:
1928:
1413:2nd: 1340 kJ/mol
1299:
60:
5637:
5342:
5333:
5000:
4982:
4901:
4883:
4367:Journal of Alloys and Compounds
4216:Journal of Electronic Materials
2534:Stable lutetium can be used as
2092:of any lanthanide, at 890–1300
2076:in various chemical reactions.
2068:and is sometimes used in metal
5601:
5574:
5117:
5081:
4919:
4874:
3736:Welsbach, Carl A. von (1908).
3580:10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.072501
2317:, Austrian mineralogist Baron
2287:The element also has 43 known
1397:Pauling scale: 1.27
1:
5306:
4657:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-22-2875
4316:Bush, Steve (14 March 2014).
4123:Industrial Minerals and Rocks
3802:Journal of Chemical Education
3783:The discovery of the elements
3095:Samsonov, G. V., ed. (1968).
1555:poly: 582 nΩ⋅m (at
4605:Current Radiopharmaceuticals
4570:Current Radiopharmaceuticals
4379:10.1016/0925-8388(94)91069-3
3427:. McGraw-Hill. p. 510.
3219:"The Periodic Law and Table"
3177:Advanced Inorganic Chemistry
2599:positron emission tomography
2313:in 1907 by French scientist
3780:Weeks, Mary Elvira (1956).
3653:. American Chemical Society
3305:Jensen, William B. (2015).
3109:10.1007/978-1-4684-6066-7_7
2850:Arblaster, John W. (2018).
2143:Category:Lutetium compounds
2125:like its lighter congeners
1516: = 350.53 pm
1490:hexagonal close-packed
6345:
5205:
5034:
4953:
4872:
4836:
4738:
4482:10.1038/s41467-018-04079-x
4398:. CRC Press. p. 846.
4193:. SPIE Press. p. 12.
3523:Pure and Applied Chemistry
3356:Winter, Mark (1993–2022).
2818:Pure and Applied Chemistry
2229:
2140:
1990:71. It is a silvery white
1284:26.86 J/(mol·K)
1242:when liquid (at
485:
353:
293:
233:
208:
6024:
5948:
5648:
5353:
5182:
5011:
4930:
4849:
4822:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4795:
4790:
4785:
4780:
4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4733:
4728:
4721:
4546:. CRC Press. p. 98.
4425:. CRC Press. p. 32.
4392:Shionoya, Shigeo (1998).
4162:Lide, D. R., ed. (2005).
3927:"Iterations of ytterbium"
3463:Krebs, Robert E. (2006).
3421:Patnaik, Pradyot (2003).
3379:Cowan, Robert D. (1981).
3323:10.1007/s10698-015-9216-1
3199:Parker, Sybil P. (1984).
3141:Chemistry of the Elements
3139:; Earnshaw, Alan (1997).
2591:gadolinium gallium garnet
2561:Lutetium aluminium garnet
2377:Occurrence and production
2341:, whereas Welsbach chose
1927:
1923:
1896:
1852:
1839:
1814:
1787:
1746:
1743:
1739:
1735:
1450:
1432:empirical: 174
1288:
1075:
188:
176:
123:
41:
4645:Clinical Cancer Research
4519:. Springer. p. 51.
4516:Lectures in Astrobiology
3536:10.1351/PAC-CON-09-10-22
3517:Persson, Ingmar (2010).
3311:Foundations of Chemistry
2990:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae
2687:, FDA approved in 2022.
2272:(to produce isotopes of
2156:are insoluble in water.
2013:, Austrian mineralogist
3560:Physical Review Letters
3025:10.1515/ci.2012.34.4.28
3012:Chemistry International
2651:lutetium–hafnium dating
2620:scintillating materials
2329:to consist entirely of
2258:synthetic radioisotopes
2020:, and American chemist
1632:890–1300 MPa
1622:755–1160 MPa
1545:16.4 W/(m⋅K)
4540:Sigel, Helmut (2004).
3742:Monatshefte für Chemie
3703:Monatshefte für Chemie
3262:Ln−ECp (E = Al, Ga)".
2595:magnetic bubble memory
2502:+ 3 Ca → 2 Lu + 3 CaCl
2386:
2319:Carl Auer von Welsbach
2119:lanthanide contraction
2018:Carl Auer von Welsbach
1690:Carl Auer von Welsbach
1674:Carl Auer von Welsbach
1657:
1551:Electrical resistivity
1456:
1236:9.840 g/cm
1158:Electron configuration
129:Standard atomic weight
4452:Nature Communications
4116:"Rare Earth Elements"
4036:Emsley, John (2001).
3145:Butterworth-Heinemann
3137:Greenwood, Norman N.
3058:"History of Lutetium"
2826:10.1515/pac-2019-0603
2734:at Knowledge (XXG)'s
2675:neuroendocrine tumors
2583:immersion lithography
2384:
2309:), was independently
1455:
1274:414 kJ/mol
2890:10.1039/CS9932200017
2491:alkaline earth metal
2232:Isotopes of lutetium
2082:radionuclide therapy
1710:Isotopes of lutetium
1541:Thermal conductivity
1270:Heat of vaporization
1232:(at 20° C)
4474:2018NatCo...9.1650A
4320:. Electronic Weekly
4287:1993ITNS...40.1045D
4228:1974JEMat...3..693N
4091:"Rare-Earth Metals"
3943:2017NatCh...9..402S
3814:1932JChEd...9.1751W
3748:(2): 181–225, 191.
3697:Urbain, G. (1909).
3674:Urbain, G. (1907).
3619:10.1021/ja01958a010
3572:2024PhRvL.132g2501T
3264:Inorganic Chemistry
3173:Wilkinson, Geoffrey
2593:, which is used in
2105:Physical properties
2000:rare earth elements
1602:47.6 GPa
1592:27.2 GPa
1582:68.6 GPa
1446:187±8 pm
1403:Ionization energies
1291:Vapor pressure
1280:Molar heat capacity
1250:9.3 g/cm
1179:Physical properties
1171:Electrons per shell
38:
6018:Lutetium compounds
4343:(July 18): 44–45.
4236:10.1007/BF02655293
4089:Hedrick, James B.
3951:10.1038/nchem.2755
3822:10.1021/ed009p1751
3798:Weeks, Mary Elvira
3754:10.1007/BF01558944
3715:10.1007/BF01530262
3601:James, C. (1907).
3215:Jensen, William B.
2647:neutron activation
2605:Lutetium tantalate
2512:neutron activation
2510:Lu is produced by
2387:
1935:Category: Lutetium
1473:Natural occurrence
1463:
1457:
1174:2, 8, 18, 32, 9, 2
1082:
1065:
6324:Transition metals
6314:Chemical elements
6294:
6293:
6282:
5984:
5983:
5977:
5976:
5943:
5942:
4553:978-0-8247-5494-5
4526:978-3-540-33692-1
4432:978-0-415-33340-5
4405:978-0-8493-7560-6
4395:Phosphor handbook
4295:10.1109/23.256710
4200:978-0-8194-7557-2
4049:978-0-19-850341-5
3997:978-0-444-53590-0
3808:(10): 1751–1773.
3566:(72501): 072501.
3529:(10): 1901–1917.
3482:978-0-313-33438-2
3434:978-0-07-049439-8
3390:978-0-520-90615-0
3276:10.1021/ic102028d
3169:Cotton, F. Albert
3154:978-0-08-037941-8
3118:978-1-4684-6066-7
2978:Chinese Physics C
2861:978-1-62708-155-9
2683:is a therapy for
2641:Unstable isotopes
2282:positron emission
2058:determine the age
2004:transition metals
1970:
1969:
1919:
1918:
1565:Magnetic ordering
1527:Thermal expansion
1502:Lattice constants
1484:Crystal structure
1458:
1393:Electronegativity
1367:Atomic properties
1361:
1360:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1080:
1063:
1053:
1052:
779:Mercury (element)
16:(Redirected from
6336:
6280:
6011:
6004:
5997:
5988:
5953:
5952:
5939:
5937:
5930:
5928:
5921:
5919:
5912:
5910:
5903:
5901:
5894:
5892:
5885:
5883:
5876:
5874:
5867:
5865:
5858:
5856:
5849:
5847:
5840:
5838:
5831:
5829:
5822:
5820:
5813:
5811:
5804:
5802:
5795:
5793:
5786:
5784:
5777:
5775:
5768:
5766:
5759:
5757:
5750:
5748:
5741:
5739:
5732:
5730:
5723:
5721:
5714:
5712:
5705:
5703:
5696:
5694:
5687:
5685:
5678:
5676:
5669:
5667:
5660:
5658:
5644:
5642:
5635:
5633:
5626:
5624:
5617:
5615:
5608:
5606:
5599:
5597:
5590:
5588:
5581:
5579:
5572:
5570:
5563:
5561:
5554:
5552:
5545:
5543:
5536:
5534:
5527:
5525:
5518:
5516:
5509:
5507:
5500:
5498:
5491:
5489:
5482:
5480:
5473:
5471:
5464:
5462:
5455:
5453:
5446:
5444:
5437:
5435:
5428:
5426:
5419:
5417:
5410:
5408:
5401:
5399:
5392:
5390:
5383:
5381:
5374:
5372:
5365:
5363:
5349:
5347:
5340:
5338:
5331:
5329:
5322:
5320:
5313:
5311:
5304:
5302:
5295:
5293:
5286:
5284:
5277:
5275:
5268:
5266:
5259:
5257:
5250:
5248:
5241:
5239:
5232:
5230:
5223:
5221:
5214:
5212:
5203:
5201:
5194:
5192:
5178:
5176:
5169:
5167:
5160:
5158:
5151:
5149:
5142:
5140:
5133:
5131:
5124:
5122:
5115:
5113:
5106:
5104:
5097:
5095:
5088:
5086:
5079:
5077:
5070:
5068:
5061:
5059:
5052:
5050:
5043:
5041:
5032:
5030:
5023:
5021:
5007:
5005:
4998:
4996:
4989:
4987:
4980:
4978:
4971:
4969:
4962:
4960:
4951:
4949:
4942:
4940:
4926:
4924:
4917:
4915:
4908:
4906:
4899:
4897:
4890:
4888:
4881:
4879:
4870:
4868:
4861:
4859:
4845:
4843:
4834:
4832:
4724:
4708:
4701:
4694:
4685:
4679:
4678:
4668:
4651:(9): 1651–1657.
4635:
4629:
4628:
4600:
4594:
4593:
4564:
4558:
4557:
4537:
4531:
4530:
4510:
4504:
4503:
4493:
4467:
4443:
4437:
4436:
4416:
4410:
4409:
4389:
4383:
4382:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4336:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4325:
4313:
4307:
4306:
4281:(4): 1045–1047.
4269:
4263:
4262:
4254:
4248:
4247:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4184:
4178:
4177:
4159:
4153:
4150:
4141:
4140:
4134:
4126:
4120:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4095:
4086:
4080:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4060:
4054:
4053:
4033:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4012:
3979:
3970:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3931:Nature Chemistry
3922:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3911:
3901:
3892:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3881:
3871:
3862:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3851:
3841:
3832:
3826:
3825:
3794:
3788:
3787:
3777:
3771:
3765:
3733:
3727:
3726:
3694:
3688:
3687:
3671:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3658:
3643:
3637:
3636: : 935-946.
3622:
3598:
3592:
3591:
3555:
3549:
3548:
3538:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3470:
3460:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3418:
3409:
3408:
3401:
3395:
3394:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3365:
3353:
3347:
3346:
3344:
3342:
3302:
3296:
3295:
3247:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3230:
3224:. Archived from
3223:
3211:
3205:
3204:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3147:. p. 1223.
3143:(2nd ed.).
3133:
3127:
3126:
3121:. Archived from
3092:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3054:
3048:
3047:
3040:
3034:
3033:
3027:
3000:
2994:
2993:
2975:
2966:
2945:
2944:
2932:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2893:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2847:
2838:
2837:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2790:
2775:
2767:
2766:
2765:
2758:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2738:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2713:
2580:refractive index
2577:
2506:
2456:ammonium nitrate
2440:ammonium oxalate
2422:
2421:
2420:
2270:electron capture
2255:
2253:
2218:Oxidation states
2213:
2207:
2206:
2203:
2185:
2123:transition metal
2090:Brinell hardness
2086:Nuclear medicine
2060:of minerals and
1977:chemical element
1958:
1951:
1944:
1932:
1931:
1910:
1905:
1887:
1884:
1872:
1865:
1863:
1830:
1823:
1805:
1798:
1773:
1741:
1731:
1726:
1719:
1704:
1693:
1682:
1662:
1628:Brinell hardness
1618:Vickers hardness
1558:
1534:
1511:
1468:Other properties
1382:
1373:Oxidation states
1339:
1335:
1307:
1303:
1296:
1247:
1233:
1194:
1193:
1149:
1110:
1109:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1013:
1006:
999:
992:
985:
978:
971:
964:
957:
950:
943:
936:
929:
922:
915:
908:
901:
894:
887:
880:
873:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
831:
822:
815:
808:
801:
794:
787:
780:
773:
766:
759:
752:
745:
738:
731:
724:
717:
710:
703:
696:
689:
682:
675:
668:
661:
654:
647:
640:
633:
626:
619:
612:
605:
596:
589:
582:
575:
568:
561:
554:
547:
540:
533:
526:
519:
512:
505:
498:
491:
480:
473:
464:
457:
450:
443:
436:
429:
422:
415:
408:
401:
394:
387:
380:
373:
366:
359:
350:
343:
334:
327:
320:
313:
306:
299:
290:
283:
274:
267:
260:
253:
246:
239:
230:
223:
214:
205:
199:
198:
194:
190:
181:Lutetium in the
164:
162:
155:
153:
139:
111:
106:
97:
95:
94:
91:
90:
87:
84:
81:
78:
75:
72:
69:
66:
46:
39:
37:
21:
6344:
6343:
6339:
6338:
6337:
6335:
6334:
6333:
6299:
6298:
6295:
6290:
6286:
6278:
6274:
6266:
6262:
6258:
6254:
6246:
6242:
6238:
6234:
6226:
6218:
6210:
6206:
6202:
6194:
6190:
6186:
6178:
6174:
6166:
6162:
6158:
6150:
6146:
6138:
6134:
6116:
6108:
6104:
6096:
6088:
6084:
6076:
6068:
6060:
6052:
6048:
6040:
6036:
6032:
6020:
6015:
5985:
5980:
5979:
5978:
5944:
5935:
5933:
5926:
5924:
5917:
5915:
5908:
5906:
5899:
5897:
5890:
5888:
5881:
5879:
5872:
5870:
5863:
5861:
5854:
5852:
5845:
5843:
5836:
5834:
5827:
5825:
5818:
5816:
5809:
5807:
5800:
5798:
5791:
5789:
5782:
5780:
5773:
5771:
5764:
5762:
5755:
5753:
5746:
5744:
5737:
5735:
5728:
5726:
5719:
5717:
5710:
5708:
5701:
5699:
5692:
5690:
5683:
5681:
5674:
5672:
5665:
5663:
5656:
5654:
5640:
5638:
5631:
5629:
5622:
5620:
5613:
5611:
5604:
5602:
5595:
5593:
5586:
5584:
5577:
5575:
5568:
5566:
5559:
5557:
5550:
5548:
5541:
5539:
5532:
5530:
5523:
5521:
5514:
5512:
5505:
5503:
5496:
5494:
5487:
5485:
5478:
5476:
5469:
5467:
5460:
5458:
5451:
5449:
5442:
5440:
5433:
5431:
5424:
5422:
5415:
5413:
5406:
5404:
5397:
5395:
5388:
5386:
5379:
5377:
5370:
5368:
5361:
5359:
5345:
5343:
5336:
5334:
5327:
5325:
5318:
5316:
5309:
5307:
5300:
5298:
5291:
5289:
5282:
5280:
5273:
5271:
5264:
5262:
5255:
5253:
5246:
5244:
5237:
5235:
5228:
5226:
5219:
5217:
5210:
5208:
5199:
5197:
5190:
5188:
5174:
5172:
5165:
5163:
5156:
5154:
5147:
5145:
5138:
5136:
5129:
5127:
5120:
5118:
5111:
5109:
5102:
5100:
5093:
5091:
5084:
5082:
5075:
5073:
5066:
5064:
5057:
5055:
5048:
5046:
5039:
5037:
5028:
5026:
5019:
5017:
5003:
5001:
4994:
4992:
4985:
4983:
4976:
4974:
4967:
4965:
4958:
4956:
4947:
4945:
4938:
4936:
4922:
4920:
4913:
4911:
4904:
4902:
4895:
4893:
4886:
4884:
4877:
4875:
4866:
4864:
4857:
4855:
4841:
4839:
4830:
4828:
4717:
4712:
4682:
4637:
4636:
4632:
4602:
4601:
4597:
4566:
4565:
4561:
4554:
4539:
4538:
4534:
4527:
4512:
4511:
4507:
4445:
4444:
4440:
4433:
4418:
4417:
4413:
4406:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4361:
4360:
4356:
4338:
4337:
4333:
4323:
4321:
4315:
4314:
4310:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4256:
4255:
4251:
4213:
4212:
4208:
4201:
4186:
4185:
4181:
4174:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4151:
4144:
4127:
4118:
4113:
4112:
4108:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4088:
4087:
4083:
4073:
4071:
4062:
4061:
4057:
4050:
4035:
4034:
4019:
4010:
4008:
3998:
3981:
3980:
3973:
3963:
3961:
3924:
3923:
3919:
3909:
3907:
3899:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3879:
3877:
3869:
3864:
3863:
3859:
3849:
3847:
3839:
3834:
3833:
3829:
3796:
3795:
3791:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3735:
3734:
3730:
3696:
3695:
3691:
3673:
3672:
3665:
3656:
3654:
3645:
3644:
3640:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3557:
3556:
3552:
3516:
3515:
3511:
3502:
3500:
3495:
3494:
3490:
3483:
3462:
3461:
3448:
3439:
3437:
3435:
3420:
3419:
3412:
3403:
3402:
3398:
3391:
3378:
3377:
3373:
3363:
3361:
3355:
3354:
3350:
3340:
3338:
3304:
3303:
3299:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3221:
3213:
3212:
3208:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3187:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3155:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3119:
3094:
3093:
3089:
3080:
3078:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2948:
2941:
2930:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2895:
2875:
2873:
2869:
2862:
2849:
2848:
2841:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2778:
2768:
2763:
2761:
2757:from Wiktionary
2751:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2737:sister projects
2736:
2728:
2718:
2716:
2708:
2706:
2693:
2685:prostate cancer
2643:
2634:scintillators.
2632:lutetium iodide
2613:thorium dioxide
2610:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2532:
2530:Stable isotopes
2524:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2484:
2477:
2471:of anhydrous Lu
2453:
2419:
2416:
2415:
2414:
2399:
2379:
2297:
2289:nuclear isomers
2251:
2249:
2234:
2228:
2220:
2211:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2183:
2179:
2175:
2145:
2139:
2107:
2102:
2100:Characteristics
1962:
1937:
1908:
1903:
1885:
1882:
1868:
1861:
1859:
1826:
1821:
1801:
1796:
1771:
1764:
1757:abundance
1730:
1712:
1702:
1691:
1687:First isolation
1680:
1642:7439-94-3
1578:Young's modulus
1517:
1512:
1442:Covalent radius
1422:
1383:(a weakly
1378:
1362:
1337:
1305:
1241:
1231:
1187:
1103:
1099:
1068:
1066:
1062:
1060:
1054:
1046:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1018:
1011:
1004:
997:
990:
983:
976:
969:
962:
955:
948:
941:
934:
927:
920:
913:
906:
899:
892:
885:
878:
871:
864:
857:
850:
843:
836:
829:
820:
813:
806:
799:
792:
785:
778:
771:
764:
757:
750:
743:
736:
729:
722:
715:
708:
701:
694:
687:
680:
673:
666:
659:
652:
645:
638:
631:
624:
617:
610:
603:
594:
587:
580:
573:
566:
559:
552:
545:
538:
531:
524:
517:
510:
503:
496:
489:
478:
471:
462:
455:
448:
441:
434:
427:
420:
413:
406:
399:
392:
385:
378:
371:
364:
357:
348:
341:
332:
325:
318:
311:
304:
297:
288:
281:
272:
265:
258:
251:
244:
237:
228:
221:
212:
203:
172:
160:
158:
151:
149:
137:
131:
104:
99:
63:
59:
35:
32:Lutetium,
31:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6342:
6340:
6332:
6331:
6326:
6321:
6316:
6311:
6301:
6300:
6292:
6291:
6289:
6288:
6284:
6276:
6272:
6268:
6264:
6260:
6256:
6252:
6248:
6244:
6240:
6236:
6232:
6228:
6224:
6220:
6216:
6212:
6208:
6204:
6200:
6196:
6192:
6188:
6184:
6180:
6176:
6172:
6168:
6164:
6160:
6156:
6152:
6148:
6144:
6140:
6136:
6132:
6128:
6123:
6118:
6114:
6110:
6106:
6102:
6098:
6094:
6090:
6086:
6082:
6078:
6074:
6070:
6066:
6062:
6058:
6054:
6050:
6046:
6042:
6038:
6034:
6030:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6016:
6014:
6013:
6006:
5999:
5991:
5982:
5981:
5975:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5945:
5941:
5940:
5931:
5922:
5913:
5904:
5895:
5886:
5877:
5868:
5859:
5850:
5841:
5832:
5823:
5814:
5805:
5796:
5787:
5778:
5769:
5760:
5751:
5742:
5733:
5724:
5715:
5706:
5697:
5688:
5679:
5670:
5661:
5652:
5646:
5645:
5636:
5627:
5618:
5609:
5600:
5591:
5582:
5573:
5564:
5555:
5546:
5537:
5528:
5519:
5510:
5501:
5492:
5483:
5474:
5465:
5456:
5447:
5438:
5429:
5420:
5411:
5402:
5393:
5384:
5375:
5366:
5357:
5351:
5350:
5341:
5332:
5323:
5314:
5305:
5296:
5287:
5278:
5269:
5260:
5251:
5242:
5233:
5224:
5215:
5206:
5204:
5195:
5186:
5180:
5179:
5170:
5161:
5152:
5143:
5134:
5125:
5116:
5107:
5098:
5089:
5080:
5071:
5062:
5053:
5044:
5035:
5033:
5024:
5015:
5009:
5008:
4999:
4990:
4981:
4972:
4963:
4954:
4952:
4943:
4934:
4928:
4927:
4918:
4909:
4900:
4891:
4882:
4873:
4871:
4862:
4853:
4847:
4846:
4837:
4835:
4826:
4820:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4737:
4732:
4727:
4722:
4719:
4718:
4715:Periodic table
4713:
4711:
4710:
4703:
4696:
4688:
4681:
4680:
4630:
4595:
4559:
4552:
4532:
4525:
4505:
4438:
4431:
4411:
4404:
4384:
4354:
4331:
4308:
4264:
4249:
4222:(3): 693–707.
4206:
4199:
4179:
4172:
4154:
4142:
4106:
4081:
4069:www.mindat.org
4055:
4048:
4017:
3996:
3971:
3917:
3887:
3857:
3827:
3789:
3772:
3728:
3689:
3680:Comptes Rendus
3663:
3638:
3613:(4): 495–499.
3593:
3550:
3509:
3488:
3481:
3446:
3433:
3410:
3396:
3389:
3371:
3348:
3297:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3242:
3206:
3191:
3185:
3160:
3153:
3128:
3125:on 2015-04-02.
3117:
3087:
3076:Vocabulary.com
3063:
3060:. 25 May 2018.
3049:
3035:
2995:
2946:
2939:
2916:
2905:(1–2): 49–55.
2878:Chem. Soc. Rev
2867:
2860:
2839:
2803:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2759:
2730:
2727:
2726:
2705:
2702:
2692:
2689:
2642:
2639:
2608:
2557:applications.
2555:polymerization
2531:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2508:
2507:
2482:
2475:
2451:
2417:
2378:
2375:
2315:Georges Urbain
2296:
2293:
2230:Main article:
2227:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2214:
2161:carbon dioxide
2138:
2135:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2011:Georges Urbain
1968:
1967:
1961:
1960:
1953:
1946:
1938:
1925:
1924:
1921:
1920:
1917:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1866:
1857:
1854:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1836:
1831:
1824:
1819:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1785:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1759:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1744:Main isotopes
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1721:
1713:
1706:
1705:
1701:Georges Urbain
1699:
1695:
1694:
1688:
1684:
1683:
1678:Georges Urbain
1671:
1665:
1664:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1640:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1624:
1623:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1600:
1594:
1593:
1590:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1536:
1529:
1523:
1522:
1506:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1464:
1460:Spectral lines
1448:
1447:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1417:
1414:
1411:
1407:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1389:
1388:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1327:
1326:
1323:
1320:
1317:
1314:
1311:
1308:
1294:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1258:
1256:Heat of fusion
1252:
1251:
1248:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1215:
1214:
1207:
1201:
1200:
1195:
1181:
1180:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1166:] 4f 5d 6s
1160:
1154:
1153:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1127:
1126:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1073:
1072:
1055:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
980:
973:
966:
959:
952:
945:
938:
931:
924:
917:
910:
903:
896:
889:
882:
875:
868:
861:
854:
847:
840:
833:
825:
824:
817:
810:
803:
796:
789:
782:
775:
768:
761:
754:
747:
740:
733:
726:
719:
712:
705:
698:
691:
684:
677:
670:
663:
656:
649:
642:
635:
628:
621:
614:
607:
599:
598:
591:
584:
577:
570:
563:
556:
549:
542:
535:
528:
521:
514:
507:
500:
493:
486:
484:
482:
475:
467:
466:
459:
452:
445:
438:
431:
424:
417:
410:
403:
396:
389:
382:
375:
368:
361:
354:
352:
345:
337:
336:
329:
322:
315:
308:
301:
294:
292:
285:
277:
276:
269:
262:
255:
248:
241:
234:
232:
225:
217:
216:
209:
207:
197:
186:
185:
183:periodic table
178:
177:
174:
173:
171:
170:
156:
146:
144:
141:
140:
135:
125:
124:
121:
120:
117:
113:
112:
57:
53:
52:
48:
47:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6341:
6330:
6327:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6306:
6304:
6297:
6287:
6269:
6267:
6249:
6247:
6229:
6227:
6221:
6219:
6213:
6211:
6197:
6195:
6181:
6179:
6169:
6167:
6153:
6151:
6141:
6139:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6117:
6111:
6109:
6099:
6097:
6091:
6089:
6079:
6077:
6071:
6069:
6063:
6061:
6055:
6053:
6043:
6041:
6027:
6026:
6023:
6019:
6012:
6007:
6005:
6000:
5998:
5993:
5992:
5989:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5954:
5947:
5938:
5929:
5920:
5911:
5902:
5893:
5884:
5875:
5866:
5857:
5848:
5839:
5830:
5821:
5812:
5803:
5794:
5785:
5776:
5767:
5758:
5749:
5740:
5731:
5722:
5713:
5704:
5695:
5686:
5677:
5668:
5659:
5651:
5647:
5643:
5634:
5625:
5616:
5607:
5598:
5589:
5580:
5571:
5562:
5553:
5544:
5535:
5526:
5517:
5508:
5499:
5490:
5481:
5472:
5463:
5454:
5445:
5436:
5427:
5418:
5409:
5400:
5391:
5382:
5373:
5364:
5356:
5352:
5348:
5339:
5330:
5321:
5312:
5303:
5294:
5285:
5276:
5267:
5258:
5249:
5240:
5231:
5222:
5213:
5202:
5193:
5185:
5181:
5177:
5168:
5159:
5150:
5141:
5132:
5123:
5114:
5105:
5096:
5087:
5078:
5069:
5060:
5051:
5042:
5031:
5022:
5014:
5010:
5006:
4997:
4988:
4979:
4970:
4961:
4950:
4941:
4933:
4929:
4925:
4916:
4907:
4898:
4889:
4880:
4869:
4860:
4852:
4848:
4844:
4833:
4825:
4821:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4798:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4716:
4709:
4704:
4702:
4697:
4695:
4690:
4689:
4686:
4676:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4658:
4654:
4650:
4646:
4642:
4634:
4631:
4626:
4622:
4618:
4614:
4610:
4606:
4599:
4596:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4563:
4560:
4555:
4549:
4545:
4544:
4536:
4533:
4528:
4522:
4518:
4517:
4509:
4506:
4501:
4497:
4492:
4487:
4483:
4479:
4475:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4449:
4442:
4439:
4434:
4428:
4424:
4423:
4415:
4412:
4407:
4401:
4397:
4396:
4388:
4385:
4380:
4376:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4355:
4350:
4346:
4342:
4335:
4332:
4319:
4312:
4309:
4304:
4300:
4296:
4292:
4288:
4284:
4280:
4276:
4268:
4265:
4260:
4253:
4250:
4245:
4241:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4210:
4207:
4202:
4196:
4192:
4191:
4183:
4180:
4175:
4173:0-8493-0486-5
4169:
4165:
4158:
4155:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4138:
4132:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4107:
4092:
4085:
4082:
4070:
4066:
4059:
4056:
4051:
4045:
4041:
4040:
4032:
4030:
4028:
4026:
4024:
4022:
4018:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3993:
3989:
3985:
3978:
3976:
3972:
3960:
3956:
3952:
3948:
3944:
3940:
3936:
3932:
3928:
3921:
3918:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3888:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3858:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3828:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3807:
3803:
3799:
3793:
3790:
3785:
3784:
3776:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3747:
3743:
3739:
3732:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3708:
3704:
3700:
3693:
3690:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3652:
3648:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3627:
3620:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3597:
3594:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3569:
3565:
3561:
3554:
3551:
3546:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3528:
3524:
3520:
3513:
3510:
3499:. Webelements
3498:
3492:
3489:
3484:
3478:
3474:
3469:
3468:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3453:
3451:
3447:
3436:
3430:
3426:
3425:
3417:
3415:
3411:
3406:
3400:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3382:
3375:
3372:
3359:
3358:"WebElements"
3352:
3349:
3336:
3332:
3328:
3324:
3320:
3316:
3312:
3308:
3301:
3298:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3269:
3265:
3246:
3243:
3231:on 2020-11-10
3227:
3220:
3216:
3210:
3207:
3202:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3186:0-471-84997-9
3182:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3156:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3110:
3106:
3102:
3098:
3091:
3088:
3077:
3073:
3067:
3064:
3059:
3053:
3050:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3005:
2999:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2984:(3): 030001.
2983:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2963:
2961:
2959:
2957:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2947:
2942:
2940:0-8493-0486-5
2936:
2929:
2928:
2920:
2917:
2912:
2908:
2904:
2900:
2891:
2887:
2883:
2879:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2857:
2853:
2846:
2844:
2840:
2835:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2807:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2786:
2780:
2773:
2772:
2760:
2756:
2755:
2743:
2739:
2733:
2725:
2715:
2711:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2690:
2688:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2664:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2614:
2606:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2581:
2562:
2558:
2556:
2552:
2551:hydrogenation
2548:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2529:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2496:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2485:by either an
2481:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2432:sulfuric acid
2428:
2426:
2413:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2397:
2393:
2383:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2358:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2303:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2285:
2283:
2279:
2276:), with some
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2254:10 years
2247:
2243:
2239:
2233:
2225:
2223:
2217:
2199:→ 2 Lu + 3 SO
2189:
2188:
2187:
2173:
2172:sulfuric acid
2168:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2144:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2111:configuration
2104:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2050:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2022:Charles James
2019:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1988:atomic number
1985:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1966:
1963: |
1959:
1954:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1936:
1926:
1922:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1867:
1851:
1848:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1829:
1825:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1804:
1800:
1793:
1786:
1783:
1782:product
1780:
1778:
1775:
1768:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1752:
1749:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1727:
1722:
1720:
1715:
1714:
1711:
1707:
1700:
1698:Named by
1696:
1689:
1685:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1666:
1661:
1660:
1654:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1608:Poisson ratio
1605:
1601:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1588:Shear modulus
1585:
1581:
1579:
1575:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1562:
1554:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1530:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1475:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1428:Atomic radius
1425:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1365:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1344:
1341:
1334:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1321:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1220:
1219:Boiling point
1216:
1212:
1208:
1206:
1205:Melting point
1202:
1199:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1182:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1136:period 6
1134:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1101:Atomic number
1097:
1086:
1078:
1074:
1071:
1059:
1056:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1000:
995:
993:
988:
986:
981:
979:
974:
972:
967:
965:
960:
958:
953:
951:
949:Rutherfordium
946:
944:
939:
937:
932:
930:
925:
923:
918:
916:
911:
909:
904:
902:
897:
895:
890:
888:
883:
881:
876:
874:
869:
867:
862:
860:
855:
853:
848:
846:
841:
839:
834:
832:
827:
826:
823:
818:
816:
811:
809:
804:
802:
797:
795:
790:
788:
783:
781:
776:
774:
769:
767:
762:
760:
755:
753:
748:
746:
741:
739:
734:
732:
727:
725:
720:
718:
713:
711:
706:
704:
699:
697:
692:
690:
685:
683:
678:
676:
671:
669:
664:
662:
657:
655:
650:
648:
643:
641:
636:
634:
629:
627:
622:
620:
615:
613:
608:
606:
601:
600:
597:
592:
590:
585:
583:
578:
576:
571:
569:
564:
562:
557:
555:
550:
548:
543:
541:
536:
534:
529:
527:
522:
520:
515:
513:
508:
506:
501:
499:
494:
492:
487:
483:
481:
476:
474:
469:
468:
465:
460:
458:
453:
451:
446:
444:
439:
437:
432:
430:
425:
423:
418:
416:
411:
409:
404:
402:
397:
395:
390:
388:
383:
381:
376:
374:
369:
367:
362:
360:
355:
351:
346:
344:
339:
338:
335:
330:
328:
323:
321:
316:
314:
309:
307:
302:
300:
295:
291:
286:
284:
279:
278:
275:
270:
268:
263:
261:
256:
254:
249:
247:
242:
240:
235:
231:
226:
224:
219:
218:
215:
210:
206:
201:
200:
196:
195:
192:
191:
187:
184:
179:
175:
168:
157:
148:
147:
145:
142:
134:
130:
126:
122:
119:silvery white
118:
114:
109:
108:
93:
58:
56:Pronunciation
54:
49:
45:
40:
19:
6296:
5504:
4648:
4644:
4633:
4611:(1): 19–32.
4608:
4604:
4598:
4576:(1): 85–93.
4573:
4569:
4562:
4542:
4535:
4515:
4508:
4455:
4451:
4441:
4421:
4414:
4394:
4387:
4373:(1–2): 1–2.
4370:
4366:
4357:
4340:
4334:
4322:. Retrieved
4311:
4278:
4274:
4267:
4258:
4252:
4219:
4215:
4209:
4189:
4182:
4163:
4157:
4122:
4109:
4098:. Retrieved
4084:
4072:. Retrieved
4068:
4065:"Mindat.org"
4058:
4038:
4009:. Retrieved
3987:
3962:. Retrieved
3934:
3930:
3920:
3908:. Retrieved
3903:
3890:
3878:. Retrieved
3873:
3860:
3848:. Retrieved
3843:
3830:
3805:
3801:
3792:
3782:
3775:
3767:
3745:
3741:
3731:
3706:
3702:
3692:
3683:
3679:
3655:. Retrieved
3650:
3641:
3633:
3629:
3610:
3606:
3596:
3563:
3559:
3553:
3526:
3522:
3512:
3501:. Retrieved
3491:
3466:
3438:. Retrieved
3423:
3399:
3380:
3374:
3362:. Retrieved
3351:
3339:. Retrieved
3314:
3310:
3300:
3267:
3263:
3245:
3233:. Retrieved
3226:the original
3209:
3200:
3194:
3176:
3163:
3140:
3131:
3123:the original
3100:
3090:
3079:. Retrieved
3075:
3066:
3052:
3038:
3015:
3011:
2998:
2981:
2977:
2926:
2919:
2902:
2898:
2881:
2877:
2870:
2851:
2817:
2806:
2788:
2774:from Commons
2769:
2752:
2731:
2698:
2694:
2679:
2673:therapy for
2671:radionuclide
2667:somatostatin
2659:
2644:
2636:
2617:
2603:
2559:
2533:
2525:
2522:Applications
2509:
2487:alkali metal
2460:ion exchange
2429:
2388:
2369:
2365:
2359:
2346:
2343:aldebaranium
2342:
2338:
2335:neoytterbium
2334:
2300:
2298:
2286:
2238:monoisotopic
2235:
2221:
2169:
2158:
2146:
2108:
2080:is used for
2078:Lu-DOTA-TATE
2051:
2046:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2008:
1983:
1972:
1971:
1766:
1703: (1906)
1692: (1906)
1681: (1906)
1598:Bulk modulus
1570:paramagnetic
1518:
1513:
1492:(hcp) (
1379:
1332:
1300:
1290:
1260:ca. 22
1124:group 3
1105:
991:Darmstadtium
858:Protactinium
714:
632:Praseodymium
132:
6319:Lanthanides
4458:(1): 1650.
3910:30 December
3904:The Hexagon
3880:30 December
3874:The Hexagon
3850:30 December
3844:The Hexagon
3235:10 December
2754:Definitions
2691:Precautions
2444:nitric acid
2370:cassiopeium
2366:cassiopeium
2347:cassiopeium
2266:radioactive
2262:mass number
2043:cassiopeium
1904:6.65 d
1822:3.31 y
1797:1.37 y
1612:0.261
1462:of lutetium
1377:0, +1, +2,
1325:100 k
1033:Livermorium
1005:Copernicium
998:Roentgenium
928:Mendelevium
914:Einsteinium
907:Californium
6303:Categories
4465:1712.00240
4363:Blasse, G.
4324:26 January
4100:2009-06-06
4074:14 January
4011:2013-04-25
3964:31 January
3937:(4): 402.
3686:: 759–762.
3657:2014-02-21
3503:2009-06-06
3440:2009-06-06
3405:"Lutetium"
3364:5 December
3341:28 January
3081:2020-03-06
3004:Scerri, E.
2781:References
2655:meteorites
2547:refineries
2516:beta decay
2355:Cassiopeia
2311:discovered
2242:beta decay
2191:2 Lu + 3 H
2141:See also:
2062:meteorites
2047:cassiopium
2045:(or later
1996:lanthanide
1965:references
1638:CAS Number
1477:primordial
1322:10 k
1209:1925
1040:Tennessine
984:Meitnerium
963:Seaborgium
942:Lawrencium
681:Dysprosium
667:Gadolinium
646:Promethium
518:Technetium
511:Molybdenum
312:Phosphorus
138:°(Lu)
116:Appearance
18:Cassiopium
4349:0192-1541
4131:cite book
4006:690920513
3762:197766399
3723:101825980
3709:(10): 1.
3545:0033-4545
3317:: 23–31.
3284:0020-1669
2884:: 17–24.
2834:1365-3075
2724:Chemistry
2649:, and in
2540:petroleum
2536:catalysts
2469:reduction
2392:phosphate
2351:Aldebaran
2331:ytterbium
2274:ytterbium
2246:half-life
2176:[Lu(H
2072:and as a
2030:ytterbium
1979:; it has
1864:10 y
1762:half-life
1669:Discovery
1319:1 k
1077:ytterbium
1047:Oganesson
1026:Moscovium
1019:Flerovium
900:Berkelium
886:Americium
879:Plutonium
872:Neptunium
709:Ytterbium
639:Neodymium
618:Lanthanum
581:Tellurium
539:Palladium
525:Ruthenium
497:Zirconium
479:Strontium
435:Germanium
386:Manganese
342:Potassium
298:Aluminium
289:Magnesium
229:Beryllium
6309:Lutetium
4675:36469000
4666:10159870
4625:25771368
4590:25771367
4500:29695720
4341:EE Times
4303:28011497
4244:98828884
3959:28338694
3588:38427880
3335:Archived
3331:98624395
3292:21141834
3217:(2000).
3175:(1988),
3030:Archived
3006:(2012).
2732:Lutetium
2704:See also
2653:to date
2543:cracking
2464:adsorbed
2396:monazite
2394:mineral
2385:Monazite
2339:lutecium
2323:ytterbia
2226:Isotopes
2127:scandium
2074:catalyst
2039:lutetium
2035:lutecium
2026:ytterbia
1973:Lutetium
1330:at
1188:at
1081:lutetium
1012:Nihonium
935:Nobelium
844:Actinium
830:Francium
814:Astatine
807:Polonium
786:Thallium
765:Platinum
737:Tungsten
730:Tantalum
716:Lutetium
660:Europium
653:Samarium
574:Antimony
472:Rubidium
449:Selenium
379:Chromium
372:Vanadium
365:Titanium
358:Scandium
326:Chlorine
266:Fluorine
252:Nitrogen
204:Hydrogen
167:abridged
150:174.9668
107:-shee-əm
51:Lutetium
6215:Yb:LuVO
5972:p-block
5967:d-block
5962:f-block
5957:s-block
4491:5917023
4470:Bibcode
4283:Bibcode
4224:Bibcode
3939:Bibcode
3876:: 72–77
3846:: 41–45
3810:Bibcode
3568:Bibcode
2800:. 2007.
2436:Thorium
2349:(after
2302:Lutetia
2295:History
2244:with a
2165:halides
2154:oxalate
2131:yttrium
2066:yttrium
1659:Lutetia
1647:History
1357:(3663)
1354:(3072)
1351:(2653)
1229:Density
1151:d-block
1085:hafnium
977:Hassium
970:Bohrium
956:Dubnium
921:Fermium
865:Uranium
851:Thorium
800:Bismuth
758:Iridium
744:Rhenium
723:Hafnium
702:Thulium
688:Holmium
674:Terbium
604:Caesium
553:Cadmium
532:Rhodium
504:Niobium
490:Yttrium
463:Krypton
456:Bromine
442:Arsenic
428:Gallium
349:Calcium
305:Silicon
222:Lithium
165: (
98:
6113:Lu(OH)
4673:
4663:
4623:
4588:
4550:
4523:
4498:
4488:
4429:
4402:
4347:
4301:
4242:
4197:
4170:
4096:. USGS
4046:
4004:
3994:
3957:
3760:
3721:
3586:
3543:
3479:
3475:–304.
3431:
3387:
3329:
3290:
3282:
3183:
3151:
3115:
2937:
2858:
2832:
2710:Portal
2607:(LuTaO
2587:dopant
2553:, and
2498:2 LuCl
2448:cerium
2070:alloys
2054:silver
1981:symbol
1933:
1900:synth
1856:2.60%
1847:stable
1843:97.4%
1818:synth
1655:after
1652:Naming
1572:
1436:
1419:
1387:oxide)
1336:
1304:
1264:
1262:kJ/mol
1148:
1131:Period
893:Curium
837:Radium
751:Osmium
695:Erbium
625:Cerium
611:Barium
588:Iodine
560:Indium
546:Silver
414:Copper
407:Nickel
400:Cobalt
319:Sulfur
282:Sodium
259:Oxygen
245:Carbon
213:Helium
159:174.97
154:0.0001
96:
6223:LuTaO
6171:Lu(NO
6081:Lu(IO
6045:Lu(CH
4460:arXiv
4299:S2CID
4240:S2CID
4119:(PDF)
4094:(PDF)
3906:: 4–9
3900:(PDF)
3870:(PDF)
3840:(PDF)
3758:S2CID
3719:S2CID
3327:S2CID
3229:(PDF)
3222:(PDF)
3018:(4).
2974:(PDF)
2931:(PDF)
2798:CIAAW
2771:Media
2478:or Lu
2407:,...)
2307:Paris
2278:alpha
2208:+ 3 H
2150:oxide
2113:[
2084:(see
2015:Baron
1992:metal
1975:is a
1886:0.45%
1860:3.701
1792:synth
1748:Decay
1385:basic
1348:2346
1345:2103
1342:1906
1198:solid
1185:Phase
1162:[
1143:Block
1119:Group
821:Radon
595:Xenon
333:Argon
238:Boron
6271:Lu(C
6231:Lu(C
6073:LuBr
6065:LuCl
6049:COO)
4671:PMID
4621:PMID
4586:PMID
4548:ISBN
4521:ISBN
4496:PMID
4427:ISBN
4400:ISBN
4345:ISSN
4326:2017
4195:ISBN
4168:ISBN
4137:link
4076:2018
4044:ISBN
4002:OCLC
3992:ISBN
3966:2024
3955:PMID
3912:2019
3882:2019
3852:2019
3584:PMID
3541:ISSN
3477:ISBN
3429:ISBN
3385:ISBN
3366:2022
3343:2021
3288:PMID
3280:ISSN
3237:2022
3181:ISBN
3149:ISBN
3113:ISBN
2935:ISBN
2894:and
2856:ISBN
2830:ISSN
2630:and
2628:LuAg
2624:LYSO
2425:gold
2360:The
2353:and
2345:and
2337:and
2280:and
2250:3.78
2129:and
1986:and
1957:edit
1950:talk
1943:view
1777:mode
1676:and
1557:r.t.
1533:r.t.
1316:100
1306:(Pa)
1244:m.p.
793:Lead
772:Gold
421:Zinc
393:Iron
273:Neon
163:0.01
103:lew-
6259:LuN
6187:(CO
6159:(SO
6126:LuP
6121:LuN
6093:LuI
6057:LuF
4661:PMC
4653:doi
4613:doi
4578:doi
4486:PMC
4478:doi
4375:doi
4371:209
4291:doi
4232:doi
3947:doi
3818:doi
3750:doi
3711:doi
3684:145
3615:doi
3576:doi
3564:132
3531:doi
3473:303
3319:doi
3272:doi
3105:doi
3020:doi
2986:doi
2907:doi
2903:688
2886:doi
2822:doi
2665:(a
2657:.
2589:to
2545:in
2538:in
2489:or
2248:of
2182:8.2
2094:MPa
1897:Lu
1853:Lu
1840:Lu
1815:Lu
1788:Lu
1770:1/2
1494:hP2
1338:(K)
1313:10
1191:STP
567:Tin
105:TEE
6305::
6277:16
6273:32
6265:14
6257:72
6253:52
6199:Lu
6183:Lu
6155:Lu
6147:Te
6143:Lu
6135:Se
6131:Lu
6101:Lu
6039:12
6033:Al
6029:Lu
5936:Og
5927:Ts
5918:Lv
5909:Mc
5900:Fl
5891:Nh
5882:Cn
5873:Rg
5864:Ds
5855:Mt
5846:Hs
5837:Bh
5828:Sg
5819:Db
5810:Rf
5801:Lr
5792:No
5783:Md
5774:Fm
5765:Es
5756:Cf
5747:Bk
5738:Cm
5729:Am
5720:Pu
5711:Np
5693:Pa
5684:Th
5675:Ac
5666:Ra
5657:Fr
5641:Rn
5632:At
5623:Po
5614:Bi
5605:Pb
5596:Tl
5587:Hg
5578:Au
5569:Pt
5560:Ir
5551:Os
5542:Re
5524:Ta
5515:Hf
5506:Lu
5497:Yb
5488:Tm
5479:Er
5470:Ho
5461:Dy
5452:Tb
5443:Gd
5434:Eu
5425:Sm
5416:Pm
5407:Nd
5398:Pr
5389:Ce
5380:La
5371:Ba
5362:Cs
5346:Xe
5328:Te
5319:Sb
5310:Sn
5301:In
5292:Cd
5283:Ag
5274:Pd
5265:Rh
5256:Ru
5247:Tc
5238:Mo
5229:Nb
5220:Zr
5200:Sr
5191:Rb
5175:Kr
5166:Br
5157:Se
5148:As
5139:Ge
5130:Ga
5121:Zn
5112:Cu
5103:Ni
5094:Co
5085:Fe
5076:Mn
5067:Cr
5049:Ti
5040:Sc
5029:Ca
5004:Ar
4995:Cl
4968:Si
4959:Al
4948:Mg
4939:Na
4923:Ne
4867:Be
4858:Li
4842:He
4817:18
4812:17
4807:16
4802:15
4797:14
4792:13
4787:12
4782:11
4777:10
4669:.
4659:.
4649:29
4647:.
4643:.
4619:.
4607:.
4584:.
4572:.
4494:.
4484:.
4476:.
4468:.
4454:.
4450:.
4369:.
4297:.
4289:.
4279:40
4277:.
4238:.
4230:.
4218:.
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4133:}}
4129:{{
4067:.
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4000:.
3974:^
3953:.
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3902:.
3872:.
3842:.
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3804:.
3756:.
3746:29
3744:.
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3707:31
3705:.
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3682:.
3678:.
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3649:.
3634:27
3611:29
3609:.
3605:.
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3313:.
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3268:50
3266:.
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3028:.
3016:34
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2901:.
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2828:.
2820:.
2816:.
2796:.
2626:,
2575:12
2569:Lu
2565:Al
2493:.
2473:Cl
2427:.
2405:La
2401:Ce
2202:2−
2195:SO
2186:.
2180:O)
2133:.
2115:Xe
2096:.
2006:.
1984:Lu
1914:Hf
1891:Yb
1876:Hf
1834:Yb
1809:Yb
1434:pm
1380:+3
1310:1
1164:Xe
1113:71
1083:→
1079:←
1070:Lr
1064:Lu
77:iː
68:uː
65:lj
36:Lu
34:71
6285:2
6283:)
6281:8
6279:N
6275:H
6263:O
6261:5
6255:H
6251:C
6245:3
6243:)
6241:2
6239:O
6237:7
6235:H
6233:5
6225:4
6217:4
6209:7
6207:O
6205:2
6203:V
6201:2
6193:3
6191:)
6189:3
6185:2
6177:3
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6173:3
6165:3
6163:)
6161:4
6157:2
6149:3
6145:2
6137:3
6133:2
6115:3
6107:3
6105:O
6103:2
6095:3
6087:3
6085:)
6083:3
6075:3
6067:3
6059:3
6051:3
6047:3
6037:O
6035:5
6031:3
6010:e
6003:t
5996:v
5702:U
5650:7
5533:W
5355:6
5337:I
5211:Y
5184:5
5058:V
5020:K
5013:4
4986:S
4977:P
4932:3
4914:F
4905:O
4896:N
4887:C
4878:B
4851:2
4831:H
4824:1
4772:9
4767:8
4762:7
4757:6
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2992:.
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2943:.
2913:.
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2892:.
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2824::
2740::
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2504:2
2500:3
2483:3
2480:F
2476:3
2452:3
2418:4
2412:O
2409:P
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2305:(
2252:×
2212:↑
2210:2
2205:4
2197:4
2193:2
2184:]
2178:2
1909:β
1883:ε
1870:β
1862:×
1828:β
1803:ε
1772:)
1767:t
1765:(
1725:e
1718:v
1559:)
1535:)
1519:c
1514:a
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1301:P
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1067:↓
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