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305:, further upstream on the Jaguaribe, provides 2.5 cubic metres (88 cu ft) per second, while the Castanhão supplies 15 cubic metres (530 cu ft) per second. Of this 9.5 cubic metres (340 cu ft) per second goes via the Eixão das Águas to the metropolitan region and 5.5 cubic metres (190 cu ft) per second goes into the Jaguaribe River, which the dam keeps flowing to
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releasing just 5 cubic metres (180 cu ft) per second, but water levels were dropping 1 centimetre (0.39 in) per day due to evaporation and consumption. By mid-2016, following low rainfall and high consumption, the reservoir was down to just over 550,000 cubic metres (19,000,000 cu ft). Fish farmers said they could only continue farming
54:
298:. In places it is more than 50 metres (160 ft) deep. The main dam is 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) long and 11 metres (36 ft) wide, with 12 floodgates and four dispersing valves. The spillway is 106 metres (348 ft) and the crown quota is 111 metres (364 ft). The dam includes a hydroelectric power plant with a capacity of 22.5 MW.
357:. The reservoir has 37% of the state's water storage capacity. It controls the level of the Jaguaribe River, preventing floods and ensuring a constant flow year round. The dam supports irrigation of 43,000 hectares (110,000 acres) of land. The reservoir is a tourist attraction. With its submerged city, it is of great interest to divers.
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start of the rainy season had not yet started to replenish the reservoir, which was at 4.99% of total capacity. As of 22 February 2018 the reservoir was at 2,08 %. Rain returned in Ceará in
February 2018 and on 13 May Castanhão has reached 8,68 % of its capacity. But on 4 October it was down again - 6,06 % only.
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Jaguaribe River was the largest in the state, but it has just over half the capacity of the
Castanhão. The idea of building the Castanhão Dam came from the Cunha family, who led the region's oligarchy at the time. They owned the Castanhão farm, which is now almost completely submerged by the reservoir.
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The
Jaguaribe River used to be called the largest seasonal river in the world. The river basin cover about 75,669 square kilometres (29,216 sq mi), over half the area of the state. The 633 kilometres (393 mi) river is the largest in Ceará. Before the dam was built the Orós Dam on the
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The low water levels in 2014 revealed a crack in the structure of one of the floodgates. As of mid-2016 nothing had been done to repair it. By
December 2016 the reservoir had fallen to 5.17% of capacity, the lowest level since the reservoir filled in 2004. As of 14 January 2017 the rains from the
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From 2012 to 2016 Ceará experienced the worst drought since 1910, with just 516 millimetres (20.3 in) of rain. At the end of 2012, the first year of low rainfall, the reservoir had 3,725,880 cubic metres (131,578,000 cu ft), or 55.61% of its capacity. By
February 2016 the dam was
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was created in compensation for the environmental impact. The municipal seat of
Jaguaribara and large areas of the municipality were covered by the reservoir. A new seat, Nova Jaguaribara, was built, but as of 2016 there were still outstanding claims for indemnification of lost land.
329:. The dam was officially opened on 29 January 2004. The 12 floodgates were releasing 300 cubic metres (11,000 cu ft) per second. The reservoir reached 97% of its capacity in the 2009 rainy season, covering 36,000 hectares (89,000 acres).
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10 cu ft) is dead volume. The reservoir covers 325 square kilometres (125 sq mi), and extends for 58 kilometres (36 mi) from southwest to northeast along the
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247:, Brazil. It is the largest multiple use reservoir in the country, the largest on an intermittent river, and the main reservoir for the state and the metropolitan region of
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throughout the year. During 2012–16 Ceará experienced a prolonged drought. Water levels in the reservoir dropped to 5% of capacity and usage had to be rationed.
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The
Castanhão Dam was one of the most important projects of DNOCS (National Department of Drought Works). Work was started in 1995 under the government of
251:. The dam supplies drinking water, and supports industry, irrigation and fish farming. Through steady release of water the dam maintains water flow in the
325:. Construction was done by a partnership between DNOCS and the Ceará Secretariat of Water Resources. It was concluded on 23 December 2002 under governor
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283:. It is the largest multiple-use public reservoir in Brazil and the largest dam in Brazil on an intermittent river.
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The giant dam supplies water to the
Metropolitan Region of Fortaleza and supports irrigation and the industries of
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The dam was controversial, forcing relocation of thousands of people and relocation of the municipal seat of
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Estação Ecológica do
Castanhão – CE: Análise Geoecológica da Paisagem e Proposta de Gestão Ambiental
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all year. From Itaiçaba the water follows the Canal do
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625:"Açude Castanhão pode atingir o seu volume morto até o fim do ano em curso"
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701:"Castanhão terá recuperação de 45% do volume em 2017, diz Climatempo"
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10 cu ft) capacity, of which 250,000,000 cubic metres (8.8
279:. The dam is 307 kilometres (191 mi) from the state capital of
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567:"Volume do Castanhão cai para 9,9% e vazão de água é reduzida"
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353:. It supplies about 3.8 million people in greater
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611:(in Portuguese), ISA: Instituto Socioambiental
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263:The Castanhão dam is in the municipality of
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664:"Nível do açude Castanhão cai para 4,99%"
522:Nível do açude Castanhão cai para 4,99%
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590:(in Portuguese), DNOCS, archived from
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719:Regis, Laís Belmino (8 March 2016),
699:Prado, Verônica (15 December 2016),
642:Mendes de Sena, Liana Mara (2011),
61:Location of Castanhão Dam in Brazil
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565:Brito, Thaís (26 February 2016),
670:(in Portuguese), 21 January 2017
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721:"A História do Açude Castanhão"
201:6,700,000,000 cubic metres (2.4
623:Freitas, Ellen (9 July 2016),
225:36,000 hectares (89,000 acres)
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213:250,000,000 cubic metres (8.8
343:Castanhão Ecological Station
684:PORTAL HIDROLÓGICO DO CEARÁ
537:PORTAL HIDROLÓGICO DO CEARÁ
370:until the end of the year.
243:) is a dam in the state of
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73:Açude Público Padre Cicero
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18:Dam in Jaguaribara, Ceará
188:111 metres (364 ft)
493:ESEC do Castanhão – ISA
150:Construction began
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210:Inactive capacity
559:at Wikimedia Commons
594:on 23 September 2015
118:5.4975°S 38.446944°W
445:Mendes de Sena 2011
217:10 cu ft)
205:10 cu ft)
198:Total capacity
123:-5.4975; -38.446944
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629:Diário do Nordeste
495:, Características.
608:ESEC do Castanhão
555:Media related to
399:Castanhão – DNOCS
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222:Surface area
166:Dam and spillways
158:Opening date
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35:View of the dam
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24:Castanhão Dam
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729:, retrieved
725:Mar do Ceará
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709:, retrieved
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731:22 February
711:22 February
674:22 February
655:21 February
634:22 February
615:21 February
598:22 February
577:22 February
339:Jaguaribara
277:Jaguaretama
269:Jaguaribara
121: /
97:Coordinates
90:Jaguaribara
691:9 February
510:Prado 2016
481:Brito 2016
428:Regis 2016
378:References
327:Beni Veras
265:Alto Santo
237:Portuguese
109:38°26′49″W
587:Castanhão
355:Fortaleza
281:Fortaleza
273:Jaguaribe
259:Technical
249:Fortaleza
193:Reservoir
106:5°29′51″S
744:Category
705:G1 Globo
307:Itaiçaba
303:Orós Dam
171:Impounds
86:Location
368:tilapia
183:thalweg
134:Purpose
92:, Ceará
78:Country
668:O Povo
571:O Povo
341:. The
333:Impact
145:Active
142:Status
81:Brazil
649:(PDF)
351:Pecém
245:Ceará
733:2017
713:2017
693:2018
676:2017
657:2017
636:2017
617:2017
600:2017
579:2017
301:The
275:and
231:The
153:1995
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292:×
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
