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attained statehood in 1791, and
Castleton continued to grow as an agricultural community. Farmers raised cattle, then turned for a while to sheep. Apple orchards abounded. Saw mills and gristmills were the first industries to be established in town. During the middle of the nineteenth century the
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and marble, slate cannot be undercut or sculpted. Consequently, its use as an art material has been minimal. Despite these limitations, the architect of the
Castleton Jail took advantage of the planar formation of slate in constructing the jail, layering pieces of slate horizontally to form the
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purchased the fifty-ton jail from the town of
Castleton for one dollar per ton. Only the roof and gable ends were removed for the journey of 64 miles (103 km) to Shelburne. Special dollies with 24 rubber-tired wheels were built to carry the basic structure and demanded additional steering
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The jail building's unusual composition reflects the richness of
Vermont's geological deposits. In the early 19th century, Vermonters discovered beds of slate that stretched from the state's western edge to
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exterior walls, and floors. The dark interior consists of two cells and a jailor's compartment with only a single window to admit light and air. A riveted iron door completes this impregnable structure.
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and divided the land into 70 "rights" or "shares". Three families had settled in
Castleton by 1770. More settlers followed, and by 1777 the town consisted of 17 families.
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industries began to thrive in and around
Castleton. The railroad came in 1854, and the last half of the century saw the development of tourism around
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eastern borders. These massive deposits gave birth to a healthy mining industry that still extracts the grey, sea green, and red material.
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The nature of slate, with its geologically formed horizontal bedding, causes it to fracture along flat lines and, unlike
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Castleton was chartered in 1761. The charter for 36 square miles (93 km) of land was granted by Gov.
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apparatuses and four sets of brakes to maintain control on steep hills. The move, aided by the
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212:"Welcome to DEC | Department of Environmental Conservation"
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Exterior of the
Castleton Jail located at the Shelburne Museum.
173:"Shelburne Museum | Buildings, Grounds, and Gardens"
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16:Building in Shelburne, Vermont, United States.
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251:Shelburne Museum: A Guide to the Collections
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379:Electra Havemeyer Webb Memorial Building
267:Shelburne Museum's Building Description
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535:Government buildings completed in 1890
61:is an exhibit building located at the
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510:Prison museums in the United States
253:. Shelburne: Shelburne Museum, Inc.
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389:Hat and Fragrance Textile Gallery
520:1890 establishments in Vermont
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454:Stone Cottage and Smokehouse
198:"コンクリートとは | コンクリートの豆知識"
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308:Shelburne Museum buildings
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45:44.3780222°N 73.2298778°W
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249:Shelburne Museum. 1993.
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419:Rail Locomotive No. 220
349:Charlotte Meeting House
329:Beach Lodge and Gallery
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36:73°13′47.56″W
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484:Webb Gallery
469:Variety Unit
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374:Dutton House
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110:Construction
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439:Shaker Shed
319:1950s House
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499:Categories
424:Round Barn
236:2009-05-15
183:2009-05-15
156:References
117:New York's
98:slate and
146:Vergennes
135:In 1953,
81:Castleton
464:Toy Shop
226:"Slate"
131:History
124:granite
95:Vermont
100:marble
530:Slate
71:slate
57:The
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
