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281:. Other indications point to the festival having assumed a military character at an early date, as might have been expected among the warlike Dorians, although some scholars deny this. The general meaning of the agrarian ceremony is clear, and has numerous parallels in north European harvest-customs, in which an animal (or man disguised as an animal) was pursued by the reapers, the animal if caught being usually killed; in any case, both the man and the animal represent the vegetation spirit. E. H. Binney in
424:
155:. By way of punishment, Apollo visited the army with a pestilence, which only ceased after the institution of the Carneia. The tradition is probably intended to explain the sacrifice of an animal (perhaps a later substitute for a human being) as the representative of the god. The agrarian and military sides of the festival are clearly distinguished.
276:
iv. 141), the
Carneia was an imitation of life in camp, and everything was done in accordance with the command of a herald. In regard to the sacrifice, which doubtless formed part of the ceremonial, all that is known is that a ram was sacrificed at
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against the latter were interrupted until the end of the month, while the
Argives (on whom, as Dorians, the custom was equally binding), by manipulating the calendar, avoided the necessity of suspending operations.
119:), in a wider sense, of the harvest and the vintage. The chief centre of his worship was Sparta, where the Carneia took place every year from the 7th to the 15th of the month Carneus (i.e.
158:
The importance attached to the festival and its month is shown in several instances. It was responsible for the delay which prevented the
Spartans from assisting the
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was performed at the
Carneia (to which it may have become attached with the name of Apollo) as a vegetation drama, and "embodied a Death and Resurrection ceremony."
444:
541:
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245:("running with bunches of grapes in their hands"); if he was caught, it was a guarantee of good fortune to the city; if not, the reverse.
109:, or merely an "emanation" from him, is uncertain; but there seems no reason to doubt that Carneus means "the god of flocks and herds" (
439:
551:
237:("leader"). A man decked with garlands (possibly the priest himself) started running, pursued by a band of young men called
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In the second part of the festival nine tents were set up in the country, in each of which nine citizens, representing the
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seer and favourite of Apollo, who, being suspected of espionage, was slain by one of the
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in character. In the last aspect it is supposed to commemorate the death of Carnus, an
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This festival is also the reason behind the dispatch of a small advance guard under
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448:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 363.
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123:, August). During this period all military operations were suspended.
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The Motya Youth: Apollo
Karneios, Art, and Tyranny in the Greek West
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hat in the temple of
Karneios, 5th century BC, from Ceglie del Campo
429:
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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The
Carneia appears to have been at once agrarian, military and
309:. The Art Bulletin, Vol. 96, No. 4 (December 2014), pp. 395-423
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81:) was one of the tribal traditional festivals of
193:The Carneia was also celebrated in the city of
186:instead of the main Spartan force during the
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457:(1893), and article "Karneios" in Roscher's
408:Callimachus, Hymn to Apollo (lines 71-73)
264:, March 1908, on the country festival in
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285:(March 1905) suggests that the story of
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174:, the movements of the Spartans under
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464:L. Couve in Daremberg and Saglio's
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197:in North Africa, as attested in
1:
526:, xxxi. (1903), p. 234.
519:, liii. (1898), p. 377.
542:Festivals in ancient Sparta
466:Dictionnaire des antiquités
399:Pindar, Pythian Ode 5.79-80
42:Male dancer at festival of
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499:(ed. J. H. Lipsius, 1902).
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143:during the passage of the
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490:Cults of the Greek States
485:(2nd ed., 1905), ii. 254.
476:Mythologische Forschungen
450:This work in turn cites:
201:'s fifth Pythian ode and
19:Not to be confused with
445:Encyclopædia Britannica
221:Five unmarried youths (
170:was attacked in 419 by
497:Griechische Altertümer
305:John K. Papadopoulos:
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25:Carna (disambiguation)
16:Ancient Greek festival
552:September observances
268:ii. I). According to
188:Battle of Thermopylae
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478:(1883), p. 170.
270:Demetrius of Scepsis
89:and Doric cities in
483:Wald- and Feldkulte
93:, held in honor of
547:August observances
517:Rheinisches Museum
481:Wilhelm Mannhardt
164:Battle of Marathon
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46:Karneios, wearing
472:Wilhelm Mannhardt
360:History of Greece
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455:Lakonische Kulte
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203:Callimachus
87:Peloponnese
536:Categories
416:References
372:Thucydides
141:Heraclidae
137:Acarnanian
127:Background
97:. Whether
48:kalatiskos
524:Mnemosyne
507:Pausanias
453:S. Wide,
386:Herodotus
342:Herodotus
274:Athenaeus
250:phratries
227:Καρνεᾶται
168:Epidaurus
160:Athenians
149:Naupactus
111:Hesychius
389:VII, 206
362:, ch. 56
287:Alcestis
266:Tibullus
184:Leonidas
133:piacular
459:Lexikon
433::
345:VI, 106
217:Details
162:at the
145:Dorians
113:, s.v.
99:Carneus
68:Καρνεῖα
63:Κάρνεια
55:Carneia
33:Carneau
29:Carneal
440:Carnea
427:
279:Thurii
235:ἀγητής
211:Apollo
199:Pindar
195:Cyrene
116:Κάρνος
107:Apollo
103:Carnus
85:, the
83:Sparta
78:Κάρνεα
73:Carnea
44:Apollo
21:Cornea
375:V, 54
356:Grote
293:Notes
172:Argos
147:from
71:) or
31:, or
272:(in
254:obae
252:(or
207:hymn
176:Agis
101:(or
515:in
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260:in
209:to
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151:to
65:or
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