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mansion would be open to self-guided public tours every weekday from 9–5. By valuing the mansion so highly and by obtaining tax-exempt status, the
Johnsons collected more than $ 38 million in tax savings from the estate over five years. However, the mansion was not open to the public 40 hours per week and was not subject to self-guided tours. Rather, it was only open to a few dozen lottery winners who could access the mansion on a guided tour for two hours from 1PM on most Wednesdays. Tax and legal experts questioned the validity of the high appraisal for the mansion and the tax-exempt status of the estate.
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830:, a security guard, lured two high school students onto the property where he sexually assaulted and stabbed them, leaving them for dead in a ravine near San Jose. They managed to climb out of the ravine and flag down a passing motorist for help, but one later died of wounds received during the ordeal. Raley had bragged earlier that day that he often received bribes from curious students interested in the mansion's interior, but that "he only let girls in." He was convicted, and received the death penalty in 1988.
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637:, famous for its Palace railway cars. In Chicago in 1892, Harriett Pullman married Francis Carolan of San Francisco and moved with him to California. In 1912, she acquired 554 acres (224 ha) of land in Hillsborough, on which she intended to build a house and garden that would excite "the wonder and admiration of America" and reflect her many refined and cultivated interests. The result was a masterpiece of Beaux-Arts architecture, inspired by the court architecture of
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796:. During the twenty-three years (until her death) that she lived at Carolands, the countess entertained often and made the house available for numerous charity benefits. She frequently invited San Francisco's French community to the house and opened it annually to the San Francisco Bay area's French students. Her generosity in sharing the house inspired the Town of Burlingame to give her the town's "Woman of the Year" award.
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In mid-1916, the elaborate interior elements began arriving on the site. The house as completed had ninety-eight rooms, including nine bedrooms and baths for the owners and their guests, each with an antechamber to guarantee quiet and privacy. The service spaces were equally elaborate: a kitchen with
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and his wife bought the
Carolands Chateau in 2009 for $ 26 million. By 2023, it was appraised at $ 130 million. In 2012, Johnson and his wife donated the Carolands Chateau to his private foundation, "Carolands Foundation". The couple filed for tax-exempt status for the mansion, as they said that the
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Harriett
Carolan did not use her house for long: she separated from Frank Carolan in 1917 and closed the chateau the following year. After the separation, she moved to New York City, while Frank remained in California where he died in 1923. Two years later, Harriett married Col. Arthur Schermerhorn,
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In 1976, Dr. Selwyn McCabe won the house in a probate auction, but declined to purchase, deferring to the next bidder, Rose 'Roz' Franks. In 1979, Franks lost the house to George I. Benny, who in turn lost it to foreclosure in 1982, after conviction for conspiring to defraud institutional lenders.
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Countess
Lillian Remillard Dandini purchased Carolands Chateau in 1950, saving it from demolition by speculators interested in developing the land, and uninterested in the house's architectural significance. Prior to her marriage in 1932 to Mexican-born Count Alessandro Dandini di Cesena, Lillian
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In 1914, Willis Polk began grading the great terraces planned by Duchêne, sending progress photographs to the owner and her architects. Polk began to build the reinforced concrete superstructure he had designed, creating the infill walls with brick, finishing them with concrete stucco, sanded and
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In 1991, the
Hillsborough Designer Showhouse was held at Carolands, attracting 68,000 visitors, each paying $ 20 admission, netting more than $ 1 million for the sponsoring charity and reviving interest in the house. Among the visitors were Dr. Ann Johnson, who would later buy Carolands, and her
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In her later years the
Countess Dandini lacked the necessary funds to maintain the house, and after she died in 1973 it was once again at risk of demolition. The countess willed the house and the remaining 5.83 acres (23,600 m) to the Town of Hillsborough to be used as a French and Italian
758:
published an article about a charity event held at the house, the first opportunity for San
Francisco-area residents to see its interior. According to the article, the house had been abandoned for twenty-five years, so that plumbing for the event had to be provided by a fire hose, and lighting
700:
around two sides of the house, discreetly located to provide light and air, and access, to the service spaces in the basement, while not blocking views of the gardens from the principal rooms on the main floor. In his design, Sanson incorporated three 18th-century period rooms that
Carolan had
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musical, artistic and literary center, but was unable to include an endowment. The Town of
Hillsborough declined the gift, ruling the proposed use inconsistent with the town's charter while noting it could not afford to pay the cost to maintain the property.
684:. In his original, ambitious design for Carolands, Duchêne planned miles of roadways leading across extensive grounds, landscaped with thousands of shrubs and trees, accented by fountains and statuary. Only a small portion of the scheme was ever built.
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In 1948, Moseley sold the property, by then reduced to 25 acres (10 ha), to Mrs. S. Coe
Robinson. By 1950, she had carved off much of the remaining land into smaller parcels and begun to contemplate demolishing the house.
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leading its owners to consider demolishing it. In 1997, a new owner proposed carving the house into fifteen condominiums, but the Hillsborough town charter banned multi-family residences.
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653:, at the time France's foremost designer of prestigious private houses. Sanson was a classicist, and his design for the chateau's exterior was inspired by the 17th-century designs of
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The U.S. Government considered buying Carolands to use as a Western White House in 1939, and again during the Kennedy administration, but both times declined to purchase.
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901:, bought the house and the remaining land for under $ 6 million. The Johnsons undertook extensive renovations and restorations of the house, often hosting events there.
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657:. He was seventy-six years old, near the end of a long and distinguished career, and never visited the California site. Carolan engaged the San Francisco-based
47:
661:, a distinguished architect in his own right, to be the structural designer and construction manager, instructing him to faithfully execute Sanson's designs.
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in support of a proposal to further subdivide the land and build additional houses. In 1989, the house suffered superficial damage in the
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walls and ceiling made of white glass tiles; a service elevator connecting all floors; and a butler's pantry and mezzanine with walls of
641:. Carolan chose the site, the highest in the neighborhood, for its commanding views of the San Francisco Bay and the surrounding hills.
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Outstanding Achievement – Cultural/Historical Documentary and Outstanding Achievement - Writer. Both documentaries were made by
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and while the couple occasionally occupied Carolands, in 1928 Harriett removed her furniture and put the property up for sale.
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2138:"How the Ultrawealthy Use Private Foundations to Bank Millions in Tax Deductions While Giving the Public Little in Return"
1801:
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During these years, Carolands was often vacant, and curious local high school students often entered the house. In 1985,
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878:
874:
816:(NRHP #75000478). Nevertheless, Carolands suffered from frequent changes in ownership after Countess Dandini's death.
2479:
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668:, designed Carolands' gardens. Duchêne's work was inspired by the works of the great 17th-century landscape designer
2100:
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1378:"The House on the Hill: After four years and $ 20 million, the famed Carolands mansion is set for another century"
1222:
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Soon after Harriett Carolan secured the land in 1912, Duchêne arrived in San Francisco to lay out the grand
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2248:. Redwood City: San Mateo County Historical Association and Institute of Classical Architecture & Art.
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1221:
Turner, Paul V.; Eliassen Jr., John Weld; Ringler, Donald P.; Von Homola, Beatrice (April 7, 1975).
1112:
and was featured in seven other film festivals, winning Best Documentary (Grand Jury Award) at the
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is a 46,050-square-foot (4,278 m), 4.5 floor, 98 room mansion on 5.83 acres (2.36 ha) in
2372:
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702:
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Web page for Emmy nominated PBS documentary on Chateau Carolands, "The Heiress and Her Chateau"
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from the Schermerhorns and began to sub-divide the land and build additional houses. In 1947,
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1999:
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At the time, adult filmmakers gained access to the site where they produced the 1982 film
717:
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gardens. In late 1913, Ernest Sanson began to design the house. His plans included a dry
625:
The woman who built Carolands, Harriett Pullman Carolan (1869–1956), was the daughter of
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Carolands Chateau: North Façade showing the distinctive dome on the West Façade 2013
2964:
University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places
891:
601:
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1223:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory — Nomination Form: The Carolands"
1027:
Carolands Chateau- West Garden and fountains from Harriett's Bedroom balcony 2013
733:
tile. In the fall of 1916, Harriett and Frank Carolan moved in with their staff.
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1126:, and the following year was broadcast nationally on PBS. It was nominated for
1122:, a one-hour documentary about the chateau, first premiered January 19, 2014 on
866:
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Harriett Carolan commissioned plans for the chateau from the Parisian architect
404:
30:
1809:
792:, a business that benefitted greatly from the construction boom following the
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2023:"Carolands mansion murder: Survivor Laurie McKenna speaks, 20 years later"
1108:, which tells the nearly 100-year history of Carolands, premiered at the
693:
588:, a period of great mansion-building that included famous houses of the
1123:
948:
Carolands Chateau: West Façade from the gardens in the Morning Sun 2013
630:
1406:"A California developer has offered $ 47.2 million for properties ..."
2959:
List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places
1992:"Authorities Say Police Buff Ran His Own Disneyland to Attract Girls"
785:
605:
3040:
National Register of Historic Places in San Mateo County, California
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838:
762:
712:
766:
Grand Staircase (from first level), by Boucher for HABS in Aug 1974
2417:
Bissell, Therese; Hales, Mick (Photographer) (December 20, 2006).
2390:
D'Oench, Nancy; Martin, Bonny; Hales, Mick (Photographer) (2008).
761:
711:
1651:
3035:
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in California
1785:
Price, Paul (March 2008), "Carolands Hillsborough, California",
1767:
Price, Paul (March 2008), "Carolands Hillsborough, California",
1752:
Price, Paul (March 2008), "Carolands Hillsborough, California",
1726:
701:
purchased in Paris with the advice of the famous antique dealer
697:
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In 1986, Michael DeDomenico, an heir to the family controlling
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Seymour, Ann; Hutcheson, Jack (Photographer) (December 2008).
2213:, prepared for the town of Hillsborough by Earth Metrics Inc,
1941:"Carolands mansion murder: Testimony from David Raley's trial"
584:. Carolands is one of the last of the houses built during the
2392:
Gardens private & personal: A Garden Club of America Book
2211:
at 565 Remillard Drive (Carolands Chateau Site), Hillsborough
1157:"A visit to the Downton Abbey of the San Francisco Peninsula"
960:
Carolands Chateau: South Façade with Porte-cochère gates 2013
873:, bought Carolands, and that year developers commissioned an
1015:
Carolands Chateau- Garden view West from Bordeaux Salon 2013
748:
In 1945, Tomlinson Moseley bought the house and surrounding
2467:
1051:
Carolands Chateau- Entry Courtyard view across Gardens 2013
844:
Bordeaux Salon. Photograph by Boucher for HABS in Aug 1974
897:
In 1998, Johnson and her husband, mutual fund billionaire
759:
required the use of portable generators and flood lights.
672:, whose most famous creations included the gardens at the
2317:
Mario Buatta: Fifty Years of American Interior Decoration
1681:. Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks
1486:"Carolands chateau rescued by scion of chocolate fortune"
2486:
Library of Congress Historical American Buildings Survey
2207:
Environmental Impact Report for the Proposed Nine Unit
1802:"One of Peninsula's First Fashionables Slips Into Town"
460:
2245:
Carolands: Ernest Sanson, Achille Duchêne, Willis Polk
1861:"The Heiress and Her Chateau: Carolands of California"
2314:
Buatta, Mario; Eerdmans, Emily; Rense, Paige (2013).
2278:
Masson, Kathryn; Glomb, David (Photographer) (2013).
382:
130 feet (40 m) x 120 feet (37 m)
1120:
The Heiress and Her Chateau: Carolands of California
1082:
Carolands Chateau: Grand Staircase after restoration
2939:
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2892:
2851:
2584:
2561:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
2538:
1094:
Carolands Chateau: Upper Gallery and Main Staircase
788:manufacturing business dating back to California's
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23:
2592:List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state
1344:"Hillsborough's Carolands Sold To Woman Investor"
2156:"The Heiress and Her Chateau, a PBS documentary"
1003:Carolands Chateau- South Front Garden view -2013
972:Carolands Chateau- from Rose Garden Terrace 2013
2984:National Register of Historic Places portal
2182:California Department of Parks and Recreation,
1063:Carolands Chateau- West Terrace and Sphinx 2013
1039:Carolands Chateau- Duchêne Border Parterre 2013
2516:
1918:"Chateau's troubled history attracts curious"
8:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1832:"Life Goes to a Party in a Deserted Mansion"
1596:"America's Downton Abbey: Chateau Carolands"
1458:"A Mansion Is Restored And Opens As Exhibit"
1183:"American Landmark — Book Review: Carolands"
808:In 1975, the house was added to the list of
2482:at the National Register of Historic Places
1511:
1509:
1507:
1480:
1478:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
16:Historic house in California, United States
2523:
2509:
2501:
2472:
1800:Robbins, Mildred Brown (October 1, 1939).
1780:
1778:
1248:
1246:
20:
2532:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
1594:King, Dale; Hebert, Julia (Summer 2014).
1321:. San Mateo. February 6, 1976. p. 10
1306:
1304:
1283:"There is a doctor in the 110 room house"
1110:Santa Barbara International Film Festival
984:Carolands Chateau: Interior Porte-cochère
487:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
288: (equivalent to $ 33,879,741 in 2023)
276: (equivalent to $ 30,118,421 in 2023)
3045:Second Empire architecture in California
1451:
1449:
1155:Lacy-Thompson, Tony (January 19, 2014).
1114:Rhode Island International Film Festival
604:, and stately California houses such as
3025:History of San Mateo County, California
2205:C. Michael Hogan, Steven Wanat et al.,
2049:"Historic Mansion Opens Door To Debate"
1855:
1853:
1400:
1398:
1147:
1072:
993:
926:
629:, a 19th-century industrialist, one of
149:Carolands, Remillard Manor, The Chateau
3030:Houses in San Mateo County, California
1998:. AP. February 5, 1985. Archived from
1673:
1671:
1652:"National Register Information System"
1516:Wilson, Marshall (February 28, 1997).
1338:
1336:
1277:
1275:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1210:
1208:
1104:In 2006 a feature-length documentary,
709:scored to resemble natural limestone.
664:France's leading landscape architect,
633:'s wealthiest men, and founder of the
67:Location within San Francisco Bay Area
3020:Beaux-Arts architecture in California
2437:Kho, Nancy Davis (January 18, 2014).
2242:; Hales, Mick (Photographer) (2006).
2131:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2119:
2117:
1428:"Pasta heir defends self in tax case"
542:
534:
526:
517:
7:
2099:Eerdmans, Emily (November 6, 2009).
2047:Wilson, Marshall (August 19, 1997).
2021:Mintz, Howard (September 24, 2006).
1895:"Chateau revived after much tragedy"
1657:National Register of Historic Places
1569:"Developer to Buy Carolands Chateau"
894:, who would help her to restore it.
814:National Register of Historic Places
582:National Register of Historic Places
2491:San Mateo County – Property Summary
2136:Ernsthausen, Jeff (July 26, 2023).
1916:Morente, Christine (May 26, 2006).
1893:Morente, Christine (May 26, 2006).
1631:Pacific Coast Architecture Database
1230:United States National Park Service
2947:National Historic Preservation Act
1254:"Silver and Gold Fittings Offered"
775:Countess Lillian Remillard Dandini
70:Show map of San Francisco Bay Area
14:
3050:1915 establishments in California
2358:. Menlo Park: 18 Media: 112–123.
1939:Romero, Lorenzo (April 7, 1987).
1456:Lew, Julie (September 19, 1991).
750:550 acres (2.2 km)
716:The Dining Room, photographed by
120:
87:
54:
2989:
2988:
2977:
2073:Ryon, Ruth (September 8, 1991).
1087:
1075:
1056:
1044:
1032:
1020:
1008:
996:
977:
965:
953:
941:
929:
851:
837:
610:the Huntington family's mansions
119:
112:
86:
79:
53:
46:
29:
2101:"Carolands House Visit, Part I"
1518:"Preserving A Landmark Mansion"
1376:Richter, Judy (July 11, 2007).
810:California Historical Landmarks
568:, United States. An example of
251:
2900:Federated States of Micronesia
2546:Architectural style categories
2439:"Hillsborough's Downton Abbey"
2233:Carolands Chateau may be Razed
2202:Bill no. 2321, September, 1984
784:fortune, which derived from a
578:California Historical Landmark
521:California Historical Landmark
499:
1:
2235:, Peninsula Times, June, 1985
1181:Skurman, Andrew (July 2007).
780:Remillard was an heir to the
136:Show map of the United States
133:Carolands (the United States)
2075:"Karras Tackles Malibu Move"
1547:California Heritage Council
909:Billionaire businessperson
875:Environmental Impact Report
410:Achille Duchêne (landscape)
3071:
2952:Historic Preservation Fund
2931:American Legation, Morocco
2193:California State Historic
576:design, the building is a
358: (2012–present)
2972:
2893:Lists by associated state
1966:"Girls lured by attacker"
1700:Bowling, Mary Jo (2015).
1106:Three Women and a Chateau
555:
551:
498:NRHP reference
493:
484:
477:
473:
458:
333: (1979?–1982?)
315:Lillian Remillard Dandini
40:
28:
3015:Houses completed in 1915
2874:Northern Mariana Islands
2240:Dwyer, Michael Middleton
1625:Michelson, Alan (2015).
1312:"Chateau Option Dropped"
899:Charles Bartlett Johnson
621:Harriett Pullman Carolan
566:Hillsborough, California
338: (1986–1994?)
328: (1976–1979?)
299:Harriett Pullman Carolan
229:37.555500°N 122.370750°W
192:Hillsborough, California
157:Harriett Pullman Carolan
2443:San Francisco Chronicle
2226:San Francisco Chronicle
2053:San Francisco Chronicle
1972:. UPI. February 5, 1985
1806:San Francisco Chronicle
1573:San Francisco Chronicle
1522:San Francisco Chronicle
1382:San Francisco Chronicle
1258:Spokane Daily Chronicle
812:(CHL #886), and to the
387:Design and construction
353: (1998–2012)
351:Charles and Ann Johnson
348: (1997–1998)
343: (1994–1997)
323: (1976–1976)
318: (1950–1973)
311: (1948–1950)
306: (1945–1948)
301: (1915–1945)
2869:Minor Outlying Islands
2852:Lists by insular areas
2566:Keeper of the Register
2215:Burlingame, California
1600:South Florida Opulence
1408:UPI. December 29, 1983
1260:. AP. January 24, 1950
879:Loma Prieta earthquake
858:After 2013 restoration
767:
725:
234:37.555500; -122.370750
103:Show map of California
100:Carolands (California)
2571:National Park Service
2551:Contributing property
2320:. New York: Rizzoli.
2284:. New York: Rizzoli.
2027:San Jose Mercury News
2002:on September 26, 2019
1945:San Jose Mercury News
1662:National Park Service
1287:The Milwaukee Journal
765:
715:
682:Jardins des Tuileries
580:and is listed on the
2926:District of Columbia
2423:Architectural Digest
2394:. New York: Abrams.
2186:Historical Landmarks
1731:Carolands Foundation
1702:"Bay Area Behemoths"
1434:. September 18, 1991
890:interior decorator,
674:Palace of Versailles
570:American Renaissance
369:100 feet (30 m)
356:Carolands Foundation
309:Mrs. S. Coe Robinson
3055:Gilded Age mansions
2419:"Romancing History"
2281:California Splendor
2160:lunaproductions.com
1348:Santa Cruz Sentinel
822:All American Girls.
225: /
167:Architectural style
162:General information
2373:Adobe Flash Player
2222:The Doomed Chateau
2217:, January 15, 1986
1970:Mohave Daily Miner
1897:. Inside Bay eArea
1606:on August 17, 2014
1575:. January 25, 1997
1462:the New York Times
1289:. January 27, 1976
1100:In popular culture
911:Charles B. Johnson
782:Remillard Brothers
768:
726:
703:Boni de Castellane
544:Reference no.
336:Michael DeDomenico
3002:
3001:
2556:Historic district
2327:978-0-8478-4072-4
2291:978-0-8478-3965-0
2255:978-0-9785259-0-3
2200:California Senate
2079:Los Angeles Times
1920:. Inside Bay Area
1664:. March 15, 2006.
1490:Preservation News
1432:The Bend Bulletin
828:David Allen Raley
590:Vanderbilt family
562:Carolands Chateau
559:
558:
441:Other information
326:Rose 'Roz' Franks
304:Tomlinson Moseley
146:Alternative names
35:West façade, 2006
24:Carolands Chateau
3062:
2992:
2991:
2982:
2981:
2980:
2905:Marshall Islands
2525:
2518:
2511:
2502:
2476:
2471:
2470:
2468:Official website
2453:
2451:
2449:
2433:
2431:
2429:
2413:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2377:on March 4, 2016
2376:
2366:. Archived from
2352:"Deck the Halls"
2346:
2344:
2342:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2133:
2112:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2096:
2090:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2061:
2059:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1988:
1982:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1962:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1890:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1865:Luna Productions
1857:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1838:. March 17, 1947
1828:
1822:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1812:on April 2, 2015
1808:. Archived from
1797:
1791:
1790:
1782:
1773:
1772:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1675:
1666:
1665:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1622:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1602:. Archived from
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1513:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1482:
1473:
1472:
1470:
1468:
1453:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1424:
1418:
1417:
1415:
1413:
1402:
1393:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1373:
1360:
1359:
1357:
1355:
1340:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1316:
1308:
1299:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1279:
1270:
1269:
1267:
1265:
1250:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1236:
1227:
1218:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1152:
1132:Luna Productions
1128:two Emmy Awards:
1091:
1079:
1060:
1048:
1036:
1024:
1012:
1000:
981:
969:
957:
945:
933:
855:
841:
804:Years of decline
751:
655:François Mansart
514:October 21, 1975
501:
465:
462:
379:Other dimensions
287:
275:
240:
239:
237:
236:
235:
230:
226:
223:
222:
221:
218:
137:
123:
122:
116:
104:
90:
89:
83:
71:
57:
56:
50:
33:
21:
3070:
3069:
3065:
3064:
3063:
3061:
3060:
3059:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2978:
2976:
2968:
2935:
2914:
2888:
2847:
2580:
2534:
2529:
2466:
2465:
2462:
2447:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2425:
2416:
2402:
2389:
2380:
2378:
2370:
2349:
2340:
2338:
2328:
2313:
2304:
2302:
2292:
2277:
2268:
2266:
2256:
2238:
2179:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2135:
2134:
2115:
2105:
2103:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2083:
2081:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2057:
2055:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2031:
2029:
2020:
2019:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1975:
1973:
1964:
1963:
1959:
1949:
1947:
1938:
1937:
1933:
1923:
1921:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1880:
1870:
1868:
1859:
1858:
1851:
1841:
1839:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1815:
1813:
1799:
1798:
1794:
1784:
1783:
1776:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1710:
1708:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1684:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1669:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1624:
1623:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1593:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1526:
1524:
1515:
1514:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1492:. December 1986
1484:
1483:
1476:
1466:
1464:
1455:
1454:
1447:
1437:
1435:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1411:
1409:
1404:
1403:
1396:
1386:
1384:
1375:
1374:
1363:
1353:
1351:
1350:. April 9, 1976
1342:
1341:
1334:
1324:
1322:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1302:
1292:
1290:
1281:
1280:
1273:
1263:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1244:
1234:
1232:
1225:
1220:
1219:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1165:
1163:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1140:
1102:
1095:
1092:
1083:
1080:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1052:
1049:
1040:
1037:
1028:
1025:
1016:
1013:
1004:
1001:
992:
985:
982:
973:
970:
961:
958:
949:
946:
937:
934:
925:
920:
907:
887:
863:
862:
861:
860:
859:
856:
847:
846:
845:
842:
806:
794:1906 earthquake
777:
749:
739:
718:Jack E. Boucher
690:
678:Vaux-le-Vicomte
666:Achille Duchêne
647:
635:Pullman Company
623:
618:
598:Biltmore Estate
523:
489:
480:
459:
446:Number of rooms
431:Other designers
423:Renovating firm
418:Renovating team
413:
361:
357:
352:
347:
342:
337:
332:
327:
322:
317:
310:
305:
300:
285:
281:Renovation cost
273:
233:
231:
227:
224:
219:
216:
214:
212:
211:
141:
140:
139:
138:
135:
134:
131:
130:
129:
128:
124:
107:
106:
105:
102:
101:
98:
97:
96:
95:
91:
74:
73:
72:
69:
68:
65:
64:
63:
62:
58:
36:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3068:
3066:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3007:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2986:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2955:
2954:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2928:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2907:
2902:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2884:Virgin Islands
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2859:American Samoa
2855:
2853:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2825:
2820:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2793:South Carolina
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:North Carolina
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2588:
2586:
2585:Lists by state
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2576:Property types
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2520:
2513:
2505:
2499:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2477:
2461:
2460:External links
2458:
2457:
2456:
2454:
2434:
2414:
2401:978-0810972803
2400:
2387:
2347:
2326:
2311:
2290:
2275:
2254:
2236:
2229:
2218:
2203:
2190:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2172:
2147:
2113:
2091:
2065:
2039:
2013:
1983:
1957:
1931:
1908:
1878:
1849:
1823:
1792:
1774:
1759:
1744:
1718:
1692:
1667:
1643:
1627:"PCAD id 9688"
1617:
1586:
1560:
1534:
1503:
1474:
1445:
1419:
1394:
1361:
1332:
1300:
1271:
1242:
1204:
1173:
1161:Regarding Arts
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1074:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1007:
1005:
1002:
995:
991:
988:
987:
986:
983:
976:
974:
971:
964:
962:
959:
952:
950:
947:
940:
938:
935:
928:
924:
921:
919:
916:
906:
905:Current status
903:
886:
883:
857:
850:
849:
848:
843:
836:
835:
834:
833:
832:
805:
802:
776:
773:
738:
735:
724:in August 1974
689:
686:
670:André Le Nôtre
646:
643:
627:George Pullman
622:
619:
617:
614:
557:
556:
553:
552:
549:
548:
545:
541:
540:
537:
533:
532:
529:
525:
524:
519:
516:
515:
512:
508:
507:
502:
495:
494:
491:
490:
485:
482:
481:
478:
475:
474:
471:
470:
467:
466:
456:
455:
451:
450:
447:
443:
442:
438:
437:
432:
428:
427:
424:
420:
419:
415:
414:
412:
411:
408:
407:(construction)
402:
395:
393:
389:
388:
384:
383:
380:
376:
375:
371:
370:
367:
363:
362:
360:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
334:
329:
324:
319:
312:
307:
302:
296:
294:
290:
289:
286:US$ 20,000,000
282:
278:
277:
270:
266:
265:
262:
258:
257:
254:
250:
249:
246:
245:Groundbreaking
242:
241:
209:
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
189:
185:
184:
181:
177:
176:
168:
164:
163:
159:
158:
155:
151:
150:
147:
143:
142:
132:
126:
125:
118:
117:
111:
110:
109:
108:
99:
93:
92:
85:
84:
78:
77:
76:
75:
66:
60:
59:
52:
51:
45:
44:
43:
42:
41:
38:
37:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3067:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3033:
3031:
3028:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3010:
2995:
2987:
2985:
2975:
2974:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2942:
2938:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2891:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2850:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2833:West Virginia
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2819:
2816:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2738:New Hampshire
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2698:Massachusetts
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2572:
2569:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2526:
2521:
2519:
2514:
2512:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2480:The Carolands
2478:
2475:
2469:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2455:
2444:
2440:
2435:
2424:
2420:
2415:
2411:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2388:
2374:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2312:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2282:
2276:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2231:John Horgan,
2230:
2227:
2223:
2220:Chet Rhodes,
2219:
2216:
2212:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2195:Building Code
2191:
2188:
2187:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2161:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2102:
2095:
2092:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2066:
2054:
2050:
2043:
2040:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2014:
2006:September 26,
2001:
1997:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1971:
1967:
1961:
1958:
1946:
1942:
1935:
1932:
1919:
1912:
1909:
1896:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1879:
1866:
1862:
1856:
1854:
1850:
1837:
1836:LIFE Magazine
1833:
1827:
1824:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1796:
1793:
1788:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1770:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1748:
1745:
1732:
1728:
1722:
1719:
1711:September 10,
1707:
1703:
1696:
1693:
1680:
1674:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1647:
1644:
1632:
1628:
1621:
1618:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1590:
1587:
1574:
1570:
1564:
1561:
1548:
1544:
1538:
1535:
1523:
1519:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1491:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1420:
1407:
1401:
1399:
1395:
1383:
1379:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1337:
1333:
1320:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1301:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1259:
1255:
1249:
1247:
1243:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1205:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1177:
1174:
1162:
1158:
1151:
1148:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1099:
1090:
1085:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1059:
1054:
1047:
1042:
1035:
1030:
1023:
1018:
1011:
1006:
999:
994:
989:
980:
975:
968:
963:
956:
951:
944:
939:
932:
927:
922:
917:
915:
912:
904:
902:
900:
895:
893:
884:
882:
880:
876:
872:
868:
854:
840:
831:
829:
824:
823:
817:
815:
811:
803:
801:
797:
795:
791:
787:
783:
774:
772:
764:
760:
757:
756:
755:Life Magazine
746:
743:
737:First decline
736:
734:
732:
723:
719:
714:
710:
706:
704:
699:
695:
687:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
662:
660:
656:
652:
651:Ernest Sanson
644:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
620:
615:
613:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
554:
550:
546:
538:
530:
528:Official name
522:
513:
511:Added to NRHP
509:
506:
503:
496:
492:
488:
483:
476:
472:
468:
464:
457:
452:
448:
444:
439:
436:
433:
429:
425:
421:
416:
409:
406:
403:
400:
399:Ernest Sanson
397:
396:
394:
390:
385:
381:
377:
372:
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1679:"Carolands"
885:Restoration
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426:Doug Wilson
405:Willis Polk
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232: /
207:Coordinates
3009:Categories
2828:Washington
2748:New Mexico
2743:New Jersey
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1138:References
645:Architects
592:, such as
586:Gilded Age
574:Beaux-Arts
539:9 May 1975
536:Designated
374:Dimensions
174:Classicism
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253:Completed
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2728:Nebraska
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2663:Indiana
2643:Georgia
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2608:Arizona
2598:Alabama
1996:AP News
1124:KQED-TV
990:Gardens
918:Gallery
631:Chicago
616:History
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180:Address
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1226:(pdf)
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