603:. Wytheville, VA: Kegley Books, 2008. * Pawlett, Nathaniel Mason. A Brief History of the Roads of Virginia, 1607–1840. Charlottesville: Virginia Highway & Transportation Research Council, 1977. Abstract: This volume consists of what was originally intended as the introductory chapters of the Albemarle road history. Since most readers are probably unfamiliar with the history of roads in Virginia, it was thought proper to devote the first section of that work to a sketch of the development of road transportation here up to the coming of the period of intense railroad development in the nineteenth century. At the suggestion of several of the people who read the first draft, and in-the interest of increasing the utility of this particular section, a separate publication was decided upon. The author hopes that this brief sketch will help to place development of the roads of Albemarle, as well as those of the other counties, within the larger context of the development of Virginia's roads, and that it will simultaneously provide some understanding of the varied and often conflicting forces which shaped transportation policy at the colonial and state levels.
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turkey flocks along the
Carolina Road. Because many of these drovers would pick up cows and other livestock to add to their herds in northern Virginia, this was also called the "Rogues' Road" by local farmers. "Indeed, as early as 1747, a Fauquier land grant refers to the Carolina Road as "Rogues Road," a name that appears in Fauquier and Loudoun deeds throughout the early 1900s. A few miles north of Leesburg, on old Montresor farm, a narrow wooded stream valley still bears the name Rogues' Hollow, for tradition states that this geographic depression was the lair for thieves about to plunder travelers."
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Shenandoah Valley in the 18th and 19th centuries. Discusses how improved roads allowed rural
Virginians to transport their produce to centralized markets, such as Winchester, Virginia. Improved markets caused a transition from a barter-based system to a capitalist market economy. Describes how that transition affected architecture, land use, and community life in the Shenandoah Valley; particularly in the Winchester and Frederick County regions.
152:
US Route 11. The colonial road was laid from
Harrisburg toward the Potomac River, and extending southwards was settlements progressed in that direction. "During the interim, the North-South route was referred to by various other names such as "Indian Road", "Borden's Path", "Carolina Road", "Great Road", "The Great Philadelphia Wagon Road" and the "Road from Philadelphia to Yadkin."
208:. The Carolina Road follows along or parallels present day U.S. Route 220 through the county. By the 1760s, sometimes 1,000 wagons a day would pass through Martinsville. "Initial settlement of the area around Martinsville coincides with the road. Settlers represented diverse cultural backgrounds: Germans, Welsh, Scots-Irish, English and African."
52:. Thus this important route, described at first as a "plain path" between the villages of the Susquehannock Indians in Pennsylvania and Oceaneechee Island in the south, became a road passing through Fredericktown. It was a link in the old Carolina Road. The main Monocacy Road was recorded as passing near the Quaker Meeting House at
178:, Virginia. The volume of travel along this part of the Carolina road was so great that it encouraged the construction of two brick homes from the 1820s, the John and Susan Boon House and the Taylor-Price house. The Boon house offered accommodations for travelers, and probably the Taylor Price House was used as an inn also.
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would mention it during his survey of the dividing line between North
Carolina and Virginia during November 1728. "The Trading Path above mentioned receives its name from being the Route the Traders take with their caravans, when they go to traffick with the Catawbas and other Southern Indians... The
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now follows along part of this section of the
Carolina Road. In the early 1740s, white settlers followed an Indian Trading Path, sometimes referred to as the "Shenandoah Hunting Path" which led from Winchester Virginia to Salem, Virginia, and would later be known as the "Valley Pike" and even later,
83:
Used as a transportation route, in addition to early settlers, manufactured goods including woolen and linen clothes and leather products, such as harness, saddles, boots and shoes, were sent south, and hides, indigo and money were sent back north. Many drovers herded swine, cattle, sheep and even
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Hofstra, Warren R. Domestic
Architecture and the Early Shenandoah Valley. : , 1992. Presented at the February 21, 1992, meeting of the Shenandoah Valley Regional Studies Seminar. Abstract: Describes the importance of roads and their effect on the architecture of farms and homes throughout the
64:
Starting in
Pennsylvania, this "Carolina Road" led through southern Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas, Georgia and into Alabama. This was a major migration route of Swiss-German and Scotch-Irish settlers into frontier America in the 1740s until the American Revolutionary War.
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is the historical marker: ""This is the old road from
Pennsylvania to the Yadkin Valley, over which in early times settlers passed going south. On it were the Black Horse Tavern and the Tinker Creek Presbyterian Church." The Black Horse Tavern on the marker refers to the nearby
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A portion of
Carolina Road from the mid-1800s is illustrated in map form as part of Loudoun County, Virginia history. Going south on the Old Carolina Road from Evergreen Mills Road at Goose Creek, one must turn right on Watson Road and follow it south to Highway 50 (the old
216:
The
Carolina Road extended into North Carolina as a major trade route and access for early settlers. However, once again it became known by different names, both locally and regionally. "In our state it is known as the Great Philadelphia Wagon Road, the
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An historical marker, dated from 1987, is located nearby. "Here through the Maggoty Gap, the Great Wagon Road from Philadelphia to Georgia, known locally as the Carolina Road, passes through the Blue Ridge. Originating as the Great Warrior Path
395:
Virginia. Pittsylvania, Franklin, and Botetourt Turnpike Company Records. 1838. Abstract: These records contain letters sent, field notes (1838), 3 vols., reports and lists of stockholders for the years 1838–1848, 1850, 1852–1853. OCLC:
228:, a Pennsylvania Quaker, took six weeks to travel from Pennsylvania to North Carolina. The road was so bad that at times his wagon had to be taken apart and carried away in sections over some of the mountains. "The trail called "The
155:"The route was improved as a stage road in the early years of the republic. In 1838 it was rebuilt to serve the Pittsylvania, Franklin and Botetourt Turnpike, which served to connect south central Virginia with the Valley."
47:
An article written during the Bicentennial discusses the colonial routes passing through and around Frederick, Maryland. The Dennis Griffith map of 1794 clearly shows the Monocacy Road crossing the river at
499:
By Michael O. Hartley and Martha B. Hartley. From Tar Heel Junior Historian 45:2 (spring 2006). North Carolina Museum of History. Office of Archives and History, N.C. Department of Cultural Resources.
163:) of the Iroquois centuries before, the path was frequently used by the Iroquois before being ceded to the whites in 1744 to become one of the most heavily traveled roads in all Colonial America."
630:
Scheel, Eugene M., and B. P. Harrison. The Carolina Road Corridor of Loudoun County: Once the Main North-to-South Trail, and Cradle of Farming in America. Waterford, Va: Eugene M. Scheel, 1997.
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Another branch turned south from Big Lick, near present-day Roanoke, and turned south toward the Catawba country in South Carolina. Later this trading path would be called part of the
36:
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691:
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Byrd, William, and William K. Boyd. William Byrd's Histories of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina. New York: Dover Publications, 1987. Pages 166, 298–299.
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Kagey, Deedie Dent. Community at the Crossroads, a Study of the Village of Bonsack of the Roanoke Valley. Roanoke, Va: D.D. Kagey, 1983. Pages 11–13.
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Scheel, Eugene M. Loudoun Discovered: Leesburg & the Old Carolina Road. Vol. 2 Vol. 2. Leesburg, Va: Friends of the Thomas Balch Library, 2002.
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Course from Roanoke to the Catawbas is laid down nearest Southwest, and lies through a fine country, that is watered by Several beautiful Rivers."
467:
171:
678:
Virginia, and Virginia Transportation Research Council. A History of Roads in Virginia: "the Most Convenient Wayes". : The Department, 1989.
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108:
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The Carolina Road: From a Primitive Mid-17th Century Indian Trading Path to a Primary Pioneer Settlement and Inter-Colony Trading Route
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260:, the other branch of the road staying nearer the river to Columbia (U.S. 21). The road ended at the Savannah River across from
232:" or "The Old Carolina Road" passed thru the Bryan Settlement, about one mile south of the junction of the Deep Creek and the
72:, with feeder roads and other trails reaching from Pennsylvania. Parts of this Carolina Road, almost 55 miles, follow modern
522:
405:"Wilderness Road: Virginia's Heritage Migration Route." 2013. Wilderness Road Virginia. wildernessroadva.org Pages 16–17.
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35:, was one of the most heavily traveled roads in eighteenth century America." Parts of the 180-mile-long (290 km)
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R. Kyle Stimson, The Great Philadelphia Wagon Road in Forsyth County, North Carolina, 1750–1770 (1999)
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221:, or simply the Wagon Road. In Virginia, it is called the Carolina Road, because it led to Carolina."
662:. Franklin County Historical Society – Kittochtinny, Chambersburg, Pennsylvania ©2013. Archived from
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111:. The Old Carolina Road bed continues for a little just west of the church (foot traffic only).
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Ramsay, Robert. 1987. Carolina Cradle: Settlement of the Northwest Carolina Frontier, 1747-1762.
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scenic byway follow the Old Carolina Road through Pennsylvania, Maryland and Virginia.
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95:, to protect the Carolina Road and Alexandria and Winchester Turnpike (present day
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and other routes in colonial America. "The 'Old Carolina Road', extending from
170:, where it crossed the Blue Ridge at Maggodee Gap. Today this is part of the
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A quarter-mile section of the Carolina Road can be seen at Waid Park in
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Finding Their Way from the Great Road to the Wilderness Road, 1745-1796
248:, the Carolina Road seems to have split, one branch going westward to
523:"RootsWeb's WorldConnect Project: YADKIN COUNTY and CASWELL COUNTY"
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Part of the Great Wagon Road branched off near what is present day
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through Loudoun, Fauquier and Prince William Counties in Virginia.
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or the "Old Carolina Road" are names for various sections of the
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August 5, 1975. The News from Frederick, Maryland. Page 39.
131:, also known as the "Lee Highway", through Virginia. Near
330:"The Goose Creek and Little River Navigation, 1839–1857"
204:, coincides with the route of the Carolina Road through
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Some consensus indicates this Carolina road started in
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Journey Through Hallowed Ground National Heritage Area
639:"The Carolina Road & The Old Carolina Road"
91:was established by the Confederate forces in
60:Central Virginia (High Road) alternative path
8:
717:Historic trails and roads in South Carolina
712:Historic trails and roads in North Carolina
692:Native American trails in the United States
138:Black Horse Tavern-Bellvue Hotel and Office
615:. Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, Virginia
697:Historic trails and roads in Pennsylvania
166:A portion of the roadbed can be seen at
468:"Martinsville City – The Carolina Road"
337:The History of Loudoun County, Virginia
309:The History of Loudoun County, Virginia
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16:Various routes through colonial America
236:, at a place called the Shallow Ford.
172:Cahas Mountain Rural Historic District
707:Historic trails and roads in Virginia
702:Historic trails and roads in Maryland
7:
497:"The Great Philadelphia Wagon Road."
109:Mount Zion Old School Baptist Church
613:History of Loudoun County, Virginia
576:History of Loudoun county, Virginia
643:Brethren Life: Brethren Migrations
416:"Department of Historic Resources"
358:"Department of Historic Resources"
14:
596:. Leesburg, VA: the author, 2009.
80:was a link in the Carolina Road.
645:. Church of The Brethren Network
1:
508:Shallow Ford is now known as
246:York County, South Carolina
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510:Huntsville, North Carolina
149:U.S. Route 220 in Virginia
99:) approaches to the town.
89:Fort Beauregard (Virginia)
660:"Franklin County History"
183:Franklin County, Virginia
637:Rummel, Earl C. (2014).
254:Columbia, South Carolina
200:The early settlement of
607:Scheel, Eugene (2014).
240:South Carolina sections
224:An early settlement by
127:follows the roadbed of
29:Lancaster, Pennsylvania
212:North Carolina section
206:Henry County, Virginia
202:Martinsville, Virginia
192:or the Carolina Road.
97:Virginia State Route 7
87:During the Civil War,
105:Little River Turnpike
56:(near Md. Route 85).
54:Buckeystown, Maryland
666:on December 17, 2014
161:Great Indian Warpath
133:Cloverdale, Virginia
50:Ceresville, Maryland
609:"The Carolina Road"
478:on January 29, 2015
305:"The Carolina Road"
70:Frederick, Maryland
592:Hyland, Thomas R.
541:""Carolina Road.""
368:on October 2, 2016
119:) alternative path
115:Western Virginia (
93:Leesburg, Virginia
145:Roanoke, Virginia
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670:August 3,
570:Waid Park
283:Page 40.
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250:Chester
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