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975:. Before she could act, a mob stormed the jail where he was held and killed him. Caroline was appalled. George's absences abroad were leading to unpopularity, and in late 1736 he made plans to return, but his ship was caught in poor weather, and it was rumoured that he had been lost at sea. Caroline was devastated, and disgusted by the insensitivity of her son, who hosted a grand dinner while the gale was blowing. During her regency, Frederick attempted to start a number of quarrels with his mother, whom he saw as a useful proxy to irritate the King. George eventually returned in January 1737.
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516:. Caroline was exposed to a lively intellectual environment quite different from anything she had experienced previously. Before she began her education under Sophia Charlotte's care, Caroline had received little formal education; her handwriting remained poor throughout her life. With her lively mind, Caroline developed into a scholar of considerable ability. She and Sophia Charlotte developed a strong relationship in which Caroline was treated as a surrogate daughter; the Queen once declared Berlin was "a desert" without Caroline whenever she left temporarily for Ansbach.
706:, and Caroline was therefore the highest-ranking woman in the kingdom. George Augustus and Caroline made a concerted effort to "anglicise" by getting to know England's language, people, politics and customs. Two separate and very different courts developed: the old king's court had German courtiers and government ministers, while the Wales's court attracted English nobles who were out of favour with the King, and was considerably more popular with the British people. George Augustus and Caroline gradually became centres of the political opposition to the King.
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but there was no improvement in her condition. George refused
Frederick permission to see his mother, a decision with which she complied; she sent her son a message of forgiveness through Walpole. She asked her husband to remarry after her death, which he rejected saying he would take only mistresses; she replied "Ah, mon Dieu, cela n'empĂŞche pas" ("My God, that doesn't prevent it"). On 17 November, her strangulated bowel burst. She died on 20 November 1737 at St James's Palace.
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eldest daughters, who remained in the care of the King, and thought the reconciliation would lead to their return, but negotiations came to nothing. George
Augustus came to believe that Walpole had tricked him into the reconciliation as part of a scheme to gain power. The prince was isolated politically when Walpole's Whigs joined the government, and Leicester House played host to literary figures and wits, such as
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endangering the
Hanoverian succession. He had heard reports of Caroline's "incomparable beauty and mental attributes". He immediately took a liking to her "good character" and the British envoy reported that George Augustus "would not think of anybody else after her". For her part, Caroline was not fooled by the prince's disguise, and found her suitor attractive. He was the heir apparent of his father's
993:, rather than a "large, fat, healthy boy" as the pitiful nature of the baby made a supposititious child unlikely. The circumstances of the birth deepened the estrangement between mother and son. According to Lord Hervey, she once remarked after seeing Frederick, "Look, there he goes—that wretch!—that villain!—I wish the ground would open this moment and sink the monster to the lowest hole in hell!"
2435:. Hanover switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 19 February (Old Style) / 1 March (New Style) 1700. Great Britain switched on 3/14 September 1752, after Caroline's death. Unless otherwise indicated, dates before September 1752 are Old Style. All dates after September 1752 are New Style. All years are assumed to start from 1 January and not 25 March, which was the English New Year.
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722:, while their children remained in the care of the King. Caroline fell sick with worry, and fainted during a secret visit to her children made without the King's approval. By January, the King had relented and allowed Caroline unrestricted access. In February, Prince George William fell ill, and the King allowed both George Augustus and Caroline to see him at
412:, became Prince of Wales. He was a focus for the opposition, like his father before him, and Caroline's relationship with him was strained. As princess and as queen, Caroline was known for her political influence, which she exercised both through and for Walpole. Her tenure included four regencies, which occurred during George II's stays in
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further conflict, but by less than he had asked. In June 1737, Frederick informed his parents that
Augusta was pregnant, and due to give birth in October. In fact, Augusta's due date was earlier and a peculiar episode followed in July in which the prince, on discovering that his wife had gone into labour, sneaked her out of
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said her "gracious and dignified personality, her lofty ideals and pure life did much to counteract the unpopularity of her husband and father-in-law, and redeem the early
Georgian era from utter grossness." Although modern historians tend to believe that Hervey, Wilkins and Arkell have overestimated
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Caroline was widely mourned. The
Protestants lauded her moral example, and even the Jacobites acknowledged her compassion, and her intervention on the side of mercy for their compatriots. During her lifetime her refusal to convert when offered the hand of Archduke Charles was used to portray her as a
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at the birth of her final child in 1724. On 9 November 1737, she felt an intense pain and, after struggling through a formal reception, took to her bed. Part of her small intestine had poked through the hernia opening. Over the next few days she was bled, purged, and operated on, without anaesthetic,
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Frederick applied to
Parliament unsuccessfully for an increased financial allowance that had hitherto been denied him by the King, and public disagreement over the money drove a further wedge between parents and son. On the advice of Walpole, Frederick's allowance was raised in an attempt to mitigate
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Over the next few years, the King and Queen fought a constant battle against their eldest son, Frederick, Prince of Wales, who had been left behind in
Germany when they came to England. He joined the family in 1728, by which time he was an adult, had mistresses and debts, and was fond of gambling and
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on 11 October that year. Though George II denounced
Walpole as a "rogue and rascal" over the terms of the reconciliation with his father, Caroline advised her husband to retain Walpole as the leading minister. Walpole commanded a substantial majority in Parliament and George II had little choice but
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government who led a disgruntled faction of the party. In April 1720, Walpole's wing of the Whig party reconciled with the governing wing, and
Walpole and Caroline helped to effect a reconciliation between the King and George Augustus for the sake of public unity. Caroline wanted to regain her three
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wrote that Hervey was the "chronicler of this remarkable coalition" and that she was Hervey's "heroine". Using such sources, biographers of the 19th and 20th centuries credit her with aiding the establishment of the House of Hanover in Britain, in the face of Jacobite opposition. R. L. Arkell wrote
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between Britain and Spain was concluded. From May 1732, she was regent for four months while George II was again away in Hanover. An investigation into the penal system uncovered widespread abuses, including cruel treatment and conspiracy in the escape of wealthy convicts. Caroline pressed Walpole
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were offered the chance to undergo variolation instead of execution: they all survived, as did six orphan children given the same treatment as a further test. Convinced of its medical value, Caroline had her children Amelia, Caroline and Frederick inoculated against smallpox in the same manner. In
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called Walpole "the Queen's minister" in recognition of their close relationship. For the next ten years, Caroline had immense influence. She persuaded the King to adopt policies at the behest of Walpole, and persuaded Walpole against taking inflammatory actions. Caroline had absorbed the liberal
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Caroline's intellect far outstripped her husband's, and she read avidly. She established an extensive library at St James's Palace. As a young woman, she corresponded with Gottfried Leibniz, the intellectual colossus who was courtier and factotum to the House of Hanover. She later facilitated the
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children, and Augusta had been forced by her husband to ride in a rattling carriage for an hour and a half while heavily pregnant and in pain. With a party including her daughters Amelia and Caroline and Lord Hervey, the Queen raced over to St James's Palace, where Frederick had taken Augusta.
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in 1734 and moved with her husband to the Netherlands. Caroline wrote to her daughter of her "indescribable" sadness at the parting. Anne soon felt homesick and travelled back to England when her husband went on campaign. Eventually her husband and father commanded her to return to Holland.
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visited the Ansbach court, supposedly incognito, to inspect Caroline, as his father the Elector did not want his son to enter into a loveless arranged marriage as he himself had. The nephew of three childless uncles, George Augustus was under pressure to marry and father an heir to prevent
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as a good omen. Like Elizabeth, the Electress's rights are denied her by a jealous sister , and she will never be sure of the English crown until her accession to the throne." In June 1714, Sophia died in Caroline's arms at the age of 83, and Caroline's father-in-law became Queen Anne's
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contested the Hanoverian claim, and Anne had fallen out with Dowager Electress Sophia. The Queen refused permission for any of the Hanoverians to visit Britain in her lifetime. Caroline wrote to Leibniz, "I accept the comparison which you draw, though all too flattering, between me and
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wrote of her, "I must say that despite all her titles and crowns, this princess was born to encourage the arts and the well-being of mankind; even on the throne she is a benevolent philosopher; and she has never lost an opportunity to learn or to manifest her generosity."
536:, who was a candidate for the throne of Spain and later became Holy Roman Emperor. Charles made official overtures to her in 1703, and the match was encouraged by King Frederick of Prussia. After some consideration, Caroline refused in 1704, as she would not convert from
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George Augustus and Caroline had a successful and loving marriage, though he continued to keep mistresses, as was customary for the time. Caroline was aware of his infidelities; they were well known and he told her about them himself. His two best-known mistresses were
544:. Early in the following year, Queen Sophia Charlotte died on a visit to her native Hanover. Caroline was devastated, writing to Leibniz, "The calamity has overwhelmed me with grief and sickness, and it is only the hope that I may soon follow her that consoles me."
769:, particularly the tale of the crown prince who wore one high-heel and one low-heel in a country where the King and his party wore low heels, and the opposition wore high ones: a barely veiled reference to the political leanings of the Prince of Wales.
405:, an opposition politician who was a former government minister. Walpole rejoined the government in 1720, and George Augustus reconciled publicly with his father on Walpole's advice. Over the next few years Walpole rose to become the leading minister.
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without any conditions. When the baby died, a post-mortem was conducted to prove that the cause of death was disease (a polyp on the heart) rather than the separation from his mother. Further tragedy occurred in 1718, when she miscarried at
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in the middle of the night, to ensure that the King and Queen could not be present at the birth. George and Caroline were horrified. Traditionally, royal births were witnessed by members of the family and senior courtiers to guard against
694:, whereupon Caroline became Princess of Wales. She was the first woman to receive the title at the same time as her husband received his. She was also the first Princess of Wales in over two hundred years, the previous one being
626:, Caroline was known for her marital fidelity; she never made any embarrassing scenes nor did she take lovers. She preferred her husband's mistresses to be her ladies-in-waiting so that she could keep a closer eye on them.
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In mid-1735, Prince Frederick was further dismayed when Caroline, rather than himself, again acted as regent while the King was absent in Hanover. The King and Queen arranged Frederick's marriage, in 1736, to
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Two years after their arrival in England, Caroline suffered a stillbirth, which her friend the Countess of BĂĽckeburg blamed on the incompetence of English doctors, but the following year she had another son,
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Caroline's entire life in Britain was spent in southeast England in or around London. As queen, she continued to surround herself with artists, writers and intellectuals. She collected jewellery, especially
575:. Her baby was kept away from her, but George Augustus remained devotedly at her side, catching the infection himself. They both survived. Over the next seven years, Caroline had three more children,
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An intelligent and attractive woman, Caroline was much sought-after as a bride. Dowager Electress Sophia called her "the most agreeable Princess in Germany". She was considered for the hand of
370:, her previously limited education was widened and she adopted the liberal outlook possessed by Sophia Charlotte, who became her good friend and whose views influenced Caroline all her life.
420:'s place in Britain during a period of political instability. After her death in 1737, Caroline was widely mourned by her political allies as well as by the King, who refused to remarry.
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prior to their banishment from court. Caroline was originally allowed to stay with their children, but refused as she believed her place was with George Augustus. The couple moved into
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was the only sea voyage she took in her life. Their young son, Prince Frederick, remained in Hanover for the rest of George I's reign, and was brought up by private tutors.
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when her husband was in Hanover for five months from May 1729. During her regency, a diplomatic incident with Portugal (where a British ship had been seized on the
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1018:. George arranged for a pair of matching coffins with removable sides, so that when he followed her to the grave (23 years later), they could lie together again.
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512:. She was renowned for her intelligence and strong character, and her uncensored and liberal court attracted a great many scholars, including philosopher
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Gerrard, Christine (2002). "Queens-in-waiting: Caroline of Anspach and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha as Princesses of Wales". In Campbell Orr, Clarissa (ed.).
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for another two years, until her death in 1696. The orphaned Caroline and William Frederick returned to Ansbach to stay with their elder half-brother,
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gules, crowned; 4th and 5th, argent, a griffin segreant gules; 6th, or, a griffin segreant sable; 7th, argent, an eagle displayed sable (for
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in 1707, the succession of George Augustus's family to the united British throne was confirmed but insecure, since Queen Anne's half-brother
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Caroline was widely seen by both the public and the court as having great influence over her husband. A satirical verse of the period went:
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Leicester House became a frequent meeting place for the ministry's political opponents. Caroline struck up a friendship with politician Sir
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Hanham, Andrew (2004). "Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach and the 'anglicisation' of the House of Hanover". In Campbell Orr, Clarissa (ed.).
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On 22 August 1705, Caroline arrived in Hanover for her wedding to George Augustus; they were married that evening in the palace chapel at
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George Augustus sailed to England in September 1714, and Caroline and two of her daughters followed in October. Her journey across the
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Marschner, Joanna (2002). "Queen Caroline of Anspach and the European museum princely tradition". In Campbell Orr, Clarissa (ed.).
377:, a claimant to the Spanish throne, she married George Augustus, who was third in line to the English throne (and subsequently the
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her importance, it is nevertheless probable that Caroline of Ansbach was one of the most influential consorts in British history.
389:. They had eight children, seven of whom reached adulthood. Caroline moved to Britain permanently in 1714 when her husband became
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Caroline's ten or eleven pregnancies resulted in eight live births, of whom one died in infancy, and seven lived to adulthood.
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was born on 20 January 1707. A few months after the birth, in July, Caroline fell seriously ill with smallpox followed by
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Caroline, the illustrious Queen-Consort of George II. and sometime Queen-Regent: a study of her life and time, Volume II
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Caroline, the illustrious Queen-Consort of George II. and sometime Queen-Regent: a study of her life and time, Volume I
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practical jokes. He opposed his father's political beliefs, and complained of his lack of influence in government. The
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when her husband inherited a peerage in 1731; she retired in 1734. In contrast with George Augustus and his mother,
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to parliament, which the Queen supported, but it gathered such strong opposition that it was eventually dropped.
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Caroline was relieved to discover that Augusta had given birth to a "poor, ugly little she-mouse", also called
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at the age of 32, when Caroline was three years old. Caroline and her only full sibling, her younger brother
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2452:: "Here lies, wrapt up in forty thousand towels; the only proof that Caroline had bowels." (Warton, p. 308).
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Jones, Emrys D. (2011). "Royal ruptures: Caroline of Ansbach and the politics of illness in the 1730s".
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32:"Caroline, Queen of Great Britain" redirects here. For the wife of George IV of the United Kingdom, see
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On George I's death in 1727, George Augustus ascended as George II and Caroline became queen consort.
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Queenship in Britain, 1660–1837: Royal Patronage, Court Culture and Dynastic Politics
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Queenship in Britain, 1660–1837: Royal Patronage, Court Culture and Dynastic Politics
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for reform, largely unsuccessfully. In March 1733, Walpole introduced an unpopular
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On the accession of George I in 1714, George Augustus automatically became
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Engraving of the royal couple and their seven children who survived infancy
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she joined George Augustus in rallying political opposition to his father,
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Fryer, M.; Fryer, Mary Beacock; Bousfield, Arthur; Toffoli, Garry (1983).
327:(Wilhelmina Charlotte Caroline; 1 March 1683 – 20 November 1737) was
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and third-in-line to the English throne, then held by his distant cousin
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Hanoverian envoy Baron Philipp Adam von Eltz, quoted in Quennell, p. 19.
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e.g. Letter to Caroline from a Viennese bishop, quoted in Arkell, p. 8.
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Caroline's relationship with the previous kings and queens of Britain
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argent and gules within a bordure counter-changed of the same (for
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Over the course of Caroline's life, two calendars were used: the
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to accept him or risk ministerial instability. Walpole secured a
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payment of ÂŁ100,000 a year for Caroline, and she was given both
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Official coronation medal of Queen Caroline in 1727 by J. Croker
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Philosophical Letters, Or Letters Regarding the English Nation
2965:(HarperTrophy ed.). New York: HarperCollins. p. 81.
5088:* Though legally Princess of Wales, she did not use the title
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Arkell, pp. 290–291; Quennell, p. 323; Van der Kiste, p. 162.
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with those of Caroline's father. The arms of her father were
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The Ways of Zion Do Mourn / Funeral Anthem for Queen Caroline
797:. At the direction of Caroline, six condemned prisoners from
698:
in the 16th century. Since George I had repudiated his wife,
456:, left Ansbach with their mother, who returned to her native
1261:
1153:
was named in the Queen's honour when it was formed in 1727.
601:
in addition to being one of Caroline's husband's mistresses.
1219:); 9th, argent, an eagle displayed sable; 10th, or, a lion
1071:
We all know 'tis Queen Caroline, not you, that reign –
464:, and she and her two children moved to the Saxon court at
3757:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
2994:
Voltaire's "Eleventh Letter: On Smallpox Inoculation" in
996:
In the final years of her life, Caroline was troubled by
335:
from 11 June 1727 until her death in 1737 as the wife of
4602:
The generations include wives of princes descended from
1068:
You may strut, dapper George, but 'twill all be in vain,
500:
Frederick and Sophia Charlotte became king and queen of
484:, where she entered into the care of her new guardians,
3858:
Portraits of Caroline Wilhelmina of Brandenburg-Ansbach
3163:
Arkell, p. 264; Quennell, p. 291; Van der Kiste, p. 52.
1084:
The memoirs of the 18th century, particularly those of
3593:
Wives of the Kings of England, From Hanover to Windsor
3574:
Queenship in Europe 1660–1815: The Role of the Consort
1257:
2448:, an opponent of the court and Walpole, to write the
1034:, a picturesque lake in London created at her request
2963:
When plague strikes: the Black Death, smallpox, AIDS
2796:
Arkell, p. 67; Hanham, p. 285; Van der Kiste, p. 38.
1080:
Lock up your fat spouse, as your dad did before you.
1000:
in her feet, but more seriously she had suffered an
930:
that had been hidden in a drawer since the reign of
27:
Queen of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727 to 1737
5371:
5325:
4896:
4861:
4835:
4809:
4773:
4735:
4719:
4672:
4651:
4635:
4619:
310:
300:
290:
278:
259:
202:
170:
155:
135:
108:
104:
94:
86:
68:
41:
3614:
3154:Quennell, pp. 285–288; Van der Kiste, pp. 150–152.
1077:Then if you would have us fall down and adore you,
4414:Royal consorts in England and Scotland after the
3785:. Manchester University Press. pp. 130–142.
3766:. Manchester University Press. pp. 142–161.
4793:Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein
3692:Britain's Royal Families, The Complete Genealogy
3576:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 276–299.
3517:. London: Windsor and Newton. pp. 245–246.
3100:Arkell, pp. 247–249; Van der Kiste, pp. 101–102.
922:. In 1728, she rediscovered sets of sketches by
4552:Spouses of debatable or disputed rulers are in
2627:., p. 33; Hichens, p. 19; Van der Kiste, p. 15.
1057:For this, on earth, the British crown is giv'n,
1039:strong adherent to Protestantism. For example,
802:praising her support for smallpox inoculation,
442:John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
350:and was the ruler of a small German state, the
295:John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach
3660:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing.
3495:. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Publishing.
2924:Quennell, pp. 79–81; Van der Kiste, pp. 72–73.
910:busts of the kings and queens of England from
492:, who had been a friend of Eleonore Erdmuthe.
344:Margrave John Frederick of Brandenburg-Ansbach
5303:
5231:
5113:
4953:
4578:
3992:
3816:. Vol. 9. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
8:
3632:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
3515:A Manual of Heraldry, Historical and Popular
2911:
2909:
1074:You govern no more than Don Philip of Spain.
3220:Arkell, pp. 229–230; Van der Kiste, p. 108.
3172:Arkell, pp. 272–274; Van der Kiste, p. 154.
3145:Arkell, pp. 258–259; Van der Kiste, p. 148.
608:Henrietta Howard, later Countess of Suffolk
446:Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach
305:Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach
217:Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
5310:
5296:
5288:
5238:
5224:
5216:
5120:
5106:
5098:
4960:
4946:
4938:
4748:Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
4585:
4571:
4563:
4464:
4406:
4029:
4024:
3999:
3985:
3977:
3930:Queen consort of Great Britain and Ireland
3871:
3864:
2985:Arkell, pp. 133–135; Van der Kiste, p. 83.
2854:Arkell, pp. 102–105; Van der Kiste, p. 64.
2709:
2707:
2705:
2664:
2662:
2660:
2444:The circumstances of Caroline's death led
1542:
1297:
1054:She scorn'd an empire for religion's sake:
1051:The pomp of titles easy faith might shake,
937:Caroline's eldest daughter, Anne, married
885:) was defused, and the negotiation of the
612:Amalie von Wallmoden, Countess of Yarmouth
73:Queen consort of Great Britain and Ireland
47:
38:
4700:Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
4695:Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
3626:Taylor, Stephen. "Caroline (1683–1737)".
3198:
3196:
3042:
3040:
1239:); 12th, quarterly argent and sable (for
690:. Shortly afterwards, he was invested as
416:; she is credited with strengthening the
5024:Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
4643:Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
4627:Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
4614:for members of the British royal family.
3447:Boutell, pp. 245–246; Willement, p. 104.
2787:Arkell, pp. 64–66; Van der Kiste, p. 36.
2699:Arkell, pp. 38–39; Van der Kiste, p. 21.
2610:
2608:
1251:, argent, an eagle displayed gules (for
1163:royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom
1116:Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
1060:And an immortal crown decreed in heav'n.
1030:Memorial to Caroline on the bank of the
547:In June 1705, Sophia Charlotte's nephew
5574:Residents of White Lodge, Richmond Park
5559:People from the Principality of Ansbach
4786:Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife
4685:Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia
4606:, who formalised the use of the titles
3730:. Richmond, Virginia: Trewet Christian.
3629:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
2571:
2569:
2511:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2465:
2417:
2415:
2411:
1508:Frederick V, King of Denmark and Norway
1484:Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel
1309:
869:, and freedom of speech in Parliament.
504:in 1701. The Queen was the daughter of
3728:A History of Caroline County, Virginia
3465:Quennell, p. 2; Van der Kiste, p. 217.
3371:Arkell, p. 149; Quennell, pp. 165–166.
3362:Arkell, p. 149; Van der Kiste, p. 102.
3265:Arkell, p. 289; Van der Kiste, p. 162.
3256:Arkell, p. 289; Van der Kiste, p. 161.
3229:Arkell, p. 225; Van der Kiste, p. 136.
3190:Arkell, p. 278; Van der Kiste, p. 156.
3181:Arkell, p. 279; Van der Kiste, p. 155.
3118:Arkell, p. 212; Van der Kiste, p. 134.
3109:Arkell, p. 245; Van der Kiste, p. 123.
2725:
2723:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2473:
2471:
2469:
971:, who had been convicted of murder in
256:
192:
4853:Baroness Marie-Christine von Reibnitz
4827:Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark
4758:Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont
4036:Royal consorts in Scotland until 1603
3536:. London: Harper Collins Publishers.
3025:Arkell, p. 147; Van der Kiste, p. 93.
2951:Arkell, p. 136; Van der Kiste, p. 82.
2881:Arkell, p. 112; Van der Kiste, p. 68.
2559:
2557:
2386:
2379:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2363:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2345:
2343:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2303:
2301:
2295:
2293:
2291:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2275:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2243:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2200:
2193:
2191:
2186:
2179:
2177:
2172:
2165:
2163:
2158:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2133:
2131:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2089:
2087:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2049:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
1998:Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-LĂĽneburg
1996:
1989:
1987:
1982:
1971:
1960:
1958:
1953:
1946:
1944:
1939:
1932:
1884:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1808:
1791:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1745:
1738:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1728:
1726:
1676:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1620:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1608:
1606:
1596:
1591:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1562:
1560:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1012:composed an anthem for the occasion,
595:Henrietta Howard, Countess of Suffolk
436:Caroline was born on 1 March 1683 at
7:
5504:Queens consort of the United Kingdom
5423:Duchess of Cumberland and Teviotdale
4033:Royal consorts in England until 1603
3682:. Vol. 4. London: B. Law et al.
3082:Arkell, p. 67; Van der Kiste, p. 41.
2654:Arkell, p. 19; Van der Kiste, p. 15.
877:made Caroline rather than Frederick
587:, all of whom were born in Hanover.
506:Sophia, Dowager Electress of Hanover
90:11 June 1727 – 20 November 1737
4800:Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia
4753:Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia
4690:Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
2533:Arkell, p. 6; Van der Kiste, p. 12.
1272:Queen Caroline's coat of arms: the
1195:); 2nd, argent, an eagle displayed
837:George II and Caroline's coronation
247:Louisa, Queen of Denmark and Norway
4503:Caroline of Brunswick-WolfenbĂĽttel
3557:. Toronto: Dundern Press Limited.
3483:. London: Oxford University Press.
3007:Hanham, p. 292; Weir, pp. 277–278.
1449:Prince William, Duke of Cumberland
1334:; had issue, including the future
659:The Princess of Wales, painted by
597:(pictured), was one of Caroline's
329:Queen of Great Britain and Ireland
237:Prince William, Duke of Cumberland
25:
5400:Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
5382:Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
5347:Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
4498:Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
4472:British royal consorts after the
3945:Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
3862:National Portrait Gallery, London
3595:. London: Peter Owen Publishers.
1223:sable, crowned, within a bordure
1123:The Electoral Princess of Hanover
549:Prince George Augustus of Hanover
486:Frederick, Elector of Brandenburg
364:Queen Sophia Charlotte of Prussia
242:Mary, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel
5362:
5356:
5266:Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel
4822:Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott
4727:Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg
4705:Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel
3813:Dictionary of National Biography
3680:The Works of Alexander Pope, Esq
3554:Lives of the Princesses of Wales
3389:Quoted in Van der Kiste, p. 165.
1274:royal arms of the United Kingdom
1102:Titles, styles, honours and arms
314:
5519:Duchesses of Brunswick-LĂĽneburg
4513:Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4493:Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
3851:at the official website of the
3833:Wilkins, William Henry (1904).
3800:Ward, Adolphus William (1887).
2845:Hanham, p. 289; Hichens, p. 23.
785:), which had been witnessed by
614:. Howard was one of Caroline's
325:Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
188:
5514:Duchesses of Bremen and Verden
5178:Princess Victoria Mary of Teck
5162:Princess Caroline of Brunswick
5154:Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
5048:Princess Victoria Mary of Teck
5032:Princess Caroline of Brunswick
4781:Princess Victoria Mary of Teck
4594:British princesses by marriage
2818:., p. 34; Hanham, pp. 286–287.
1332:Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
965:Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
346:, belonged to a branch of the
1:
5170:Princess Alexandra of Denmark
5040:Princess Alexandra of Denmark
4743:Princess Alexandra of Denmark
4680:Duchess Caroline of Brunswick
2542:Arkell, p. 6; Hichens, p. 19.
1793:Frederick V of the Palatinate
852:and Richmond Lodge. Courtier
775:Leibniz-Clarke correspondence
631:union of England and Scotland
269:Wilhelmine Charlotte Karoline
265:Wilhelmina Charlotte Caroline
58:
5509:Burials at Westminster Abbey
5258:Princess Caroline of Ansbach
5146:Princess Caroline of Ansbach
5016:Princess Caroline of Ansbach
4843:Birgitte van Deurs Henriksen
4533:Philip of Greece and Denmark
4488:George of Denmark and Norway
4451:George of Denmark and Norway
3967:Electress consort of Hanover
3803:"Caroline (1683-1737)"
3726:Wingfield, Marshall (1924).
3658:George II and Queen Caroline
3646:UK public library membership
3016:Black, pp. 29–31, 53 and 61.
2961:Giblin, James Cross (1995).
2167:Anne, Queen of Great Britain
1359:William IV, Prince of Orange
1231:); 11th, gules, two keys in
474:Margrave George Frederick II
78:Electress consort of Hanover
5529:Duchesses of Saxe-Lauenburg
5479:18th-century British people
5008:Infanta Catherine of Aragon
3247:Van der Kiste, pp. 161–163.
3136:Van der Kiste, pp. 139–140.
3127:Van der Kiste, pp. 135–136.
3064:Van der Kiste, pp. 126–127.
3034:Van der Kiste, pp. 104–105.
750:, a former minister in the
534:Archduke Charles of Austria
432:Ansbach in the 17th century
375:Archduke Charles of Austria
5600:
5539:George II of Great Britain
5489:18th-century women regents
5484:18th-century British women
5464:18th-century German people
5459:17th-century German people
5394:Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
4508:Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen
3837:. Longmans, Green, and Co.
3828:. Longmans, Green, and Co.
3709:Willement, Thomas (1821).
3532:Dennison, Matthew (2017).
2381:George II of Great Britain
1316:Frederick, Prince of Wales
610:, and, beginning in 1735,
510:George, Elector of Hanover
454:Margrave William Frederick
212:Frederick, Prince of Wales
177:George II of Great Britain
31:
5474:18th-century German women
5469:17th-century German women
5415:
5354:
5319:Royal consorts of Hanover
5253:
5135:
5084:
4979:
4917:
4817:Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
4764:Princess Thyra of Denmark
4600:
4550:
4483:
4467:
4463:
4436:Henrietta Maria of France
4426:
4409:
4405:
4027:
4023:
3964:
3951:
3936:
3927:
3906:
3901:
3874:
3694:. London: Vintage Books.
2690:Van der Kiste, pp. 18–19.
2395:
2393:
2384:
2370:
2299:
2297:
2281:
2279:
2209:
2207:
2198:
2195:George I of Great Britain
2184:
2170:
2156:
2125:
2123:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2093:
2091:
2075:
2071:
2069:
2067:
2055:
2053:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2003:
1994:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1951:
1937:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1894:
1892:
1882:
1880:
1860:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1850:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1789:
1743:
1740:Henrietta Maria of France
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1674:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1654:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1632:
1589:
1526:
1517:
1438:
1406:
1260:
1149:in the British Colony of
861:(supporters of the rival
787:Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
264:
255:
46:
5499:Wives of British princes
5336:Sophia of the Palatinate
4278:Ethelreda of Northumbria
3960:Sophia of the Palatinate
3328:"George II and Caroline"
2202:Sophia Dorothea of Celle
1528:Dates in this table are
811:Queen consort and regent
700:Sophia Dorothea of Celle
358:court of her guardians,
5406:Marie of Saxe-Altenburg
3754:Encyclopædia Britannica
3407:e.g. Arkell, pp. 27 ff.
3298:10.1136/jmh.2010.005819
616:Women of the Bedchamber
599:Women of the Bedchamber
444:, and his second wife,
352:Principality of Ansbach
126:Principality of Ansbach
5569:Duchesses of Cambridge
5534:Electresses of Hanover
5247:Duchesses of Cambridge
4984:Joan, Countess of Kent
4293:Ermengarde de Beaumont
4045:Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury
3853:Royal Collection Trust
3822:Wilkins, William Henry
3591:Hichens, Mark (2006).
3479:Arkell, R. L. (1939).
3380:Quennell, pp. 168–170.
3353:Van der Kiste, p. 165.
3344:Van der Kiste, p. 164.
3202:Van der Kiste, p. 157.
3091:Van der Kiste, p. 124.
3046:Van der Kiste, p. 119.
2153:William III of England
1266:
1227:argent and gules (for
1035:
1010:George Frideric Handel
959:
865:claim to the throne),
832:
820:
664:
602:
529:
433:
268:
5584:Daughters of monarchs
5579:Duchesses of Cornwall
5544:House of Hohenzollern
5524:Duchesses of Rothesay
5419:British queen consort
5388:Caroline of Brunswick
5129:Duchesses of Rothesay
4973:Duchesses of Cornwall
4441:Catherine of Braganza
4268:Ingibiorg Finnsdottir
4143:Isabella of AngoulĂŞme
4138:Berengaria of Navarre
4050:Æthelflæd of Damerham
3881:House of Hohenzollern
3713:. London: W. Wilson.
3638:10.1093/ref:odnb/4720
2872:Van der Kiste, p. 67.
2863:Van der Kiste, p. 66.
2827:Van der Kiste, p. 60.
2769:Van der Kiste, p. 28.
2760:Van der Kiste, p. 30.
2681:Van der Kiste, p. 17.
2623:Arkell, p. 18; Fryer
2614:Van der Kiste, p. 14.
2575:Van der Kiste, p. 13.
2367:Charles Edward Stuart
1941:Charles II of England
1934:Catherine of Braganza
1417:Prince George William
1265:
1203:; 3rd, or, a griffin
1173:of fifteen, 1st, per
1130:The Princess of Wales
1095:William Henry Wilkins
1043:wrote of Caroline in
1029:
969:Captain John Porteous
953:
826:
818:
712:Prince George William
658:
620:Mistress of the Robes
593:
554:Electorate of Hanover
527:
431:
387:Electorate of Hanover
348:House of Hohenzollern
232:Prince George William
34:Caroline of Brunswick
5549:Irish royal consorts
5494:18th-century regents
5205:(2022–present)
4528:Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon
4518:Alexandra of Denmark
4373:Francis II of France
4175:Philippa of Hainault
4126:Eleanor of Aquitaine
4120:Geoffrey Plantagenet
3876:Caroline of Ansbach
3073:Arkell, pp. 197–203.
3055:Arkell, pp. 167–169.
2942:Arkell, pp. 135–136.
2933:Arkell, pp. 125–126.
2738:Arkell, pp. 70, 149.
2181:James Francis Edward
1955:Mary, Princess Royal
1948:William II of Orange
1786:Elizabeth of Bohemia
1747:Charles I of England
1343:Anne, Princess Royal
1245:for right of regalia
981:Hampton Court Palace
939:William IV of Orange
867:freedom of the press
508:, and the sister of
333:Electress of Hanover
5564:Princesses of Wales
5554:People from Ansbach
5444:Caroline of Ansbach
5341:Caroline of Ansbach
5274:Catherine Middleton
5202:Catherine Middleton
5073:Catherine Middleton
4992:Lady Cecily Neville
4969:Princesses of Wales
4904:Catherine Middleton
4416:Union of the Crowns
4363:Madeleine of Valois
4353:Margaret of Denmark
4308:Margaret of England
4288:Maud of Northumbria
4283:Sybilla of Normandy
4220:Catherine of Aragon
4205:Elizabeth Woodville
4195:Catherine of Valois
4155:Eleanor of Provence
4114:Matilda of Boulogne
4104:Matilda of Scotland
4099:Matilda of Flanders
3654:Van der Kiste, John
3617:Caroline of England
3534:The First Iron Lady
3481:Caroline of Ansbach
2388:Caroline of Ansbach
2188:Clementina Sobieska
1973:James II of England
1121:Her Serene Highness
1114:Her Serene Highness
696:Catherine of Aragon
661:Sir Godfrey Kneller
342:Caroline's father,
42:Caroline of Ansbach
18:Caroline of Anspach
5186:Lady Diana Spencer
5056:Lady Diana Spencer
4870:Lady Diana Spencer
4474:Acts of Union 1707
4318:Elizabeth de Burgh
4273:Margaret of Wessex
4185:Isabella of Valois
4170:Isabella of France
4165:Margaret of France
4160:Eleanor of Castile
4149:Blanche of Castile
4132:Margaret of France
4109:Adeliza of Louvain
4070:Sigrid the Haughty
3956:Title last held by
3941:Title next held by
3911:Title last held by
3621:. London: Collins.
3456:Weir, pp. 277–285.
3286:Medical Humanities
2477:Weir, pp. 277–278.
2433:Gregorian calendar
2374:Louise of Stolberg
2160:Mary II of England
1586:James I of England
1539:Genealogical table
1284:her father's arms
1267:
1128:Her Royal Highness
1045:A Letter to A Lady
1036:
960:
833:
821:
781:(an early type of
766:Gulliver's Travels
665:
603:
530:
440:, the daughter of
434:
5429:
5428:
5285:
5284:
5213:
5212:
5197:(2005–2022)
5189:(1981–1996)
5181:(1901–1910)
5173:(1863–1901)
5165:(1795–1820)
5157:(1736–1751)
5149:(1714–1727)
5141:(1400–1402)
5139:Marjorie Douglas
5095:
5094:
5090:
5000:Lady Anne Neville
4935:
4934:
4888:Sophie Rhys-Jones
4848:Katharine Worsley
4710:The Princess Mary
4560:
4559:
4546:
4545:
4459:
4458:
4401:
4400:
4396:
4395:
4338:Anabella Drummond
4328:Margaret Drummond
4323:Joan of the Tower
4215:Elizabeth of York
4200:Margaret of Anjou
3975:
3974:
3925:
3915:George of Denmark
3701:978-0-09-953973-5
3644:(Subscription or
3564:978-0-919670-69-3
3543:978-0-00-812199-0
3524:978-1-153-77482-6
3332:Westminster Abbey
3211:Quennell, p. 295.
2915:Dennison, p. 211.
2890:Dennison, p. 185.
2602:Arkell, pp. 9–13.
2403:
2402:
2399:
2398:
2174:George of Denmark
1991:Sophia of Hanover
1536:
1535:
1386:Princess Caroline
1288:
1287:
1191:of the same (for
1107:Titles and styles
1086:John, Lord Hervey
924:Leonardo da Vinci
920:Charles Bridgeman
887:Treaty of Seville
841:Westminster Abbey
724:Kensington Palace
716:St James's Palace
651:Princess of Wales
514:Gottfried Leibniz
462:Elector of Saxony
395:Princess of Wales
322:
321:
274:
273:
227:Princess Caroline
163:Westminster Abbey
146:St James's Palace
130:Holy Roman Empire
122:Ansbach Residence
16:(Redirected from
5591:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5359:
5312:
5305:
5298:
5289:
5240:
5233:
5226:
5217:
5122:
5115:
5108:
5099:
5086:
4995:(1460; disputed)
4962:
4955:
4948:
4939:
4924:in her own right
4922:British princess
4587:
4580:
4573:
4564:
4465:
4407:
4348:Mary of Guelders
4333:Euphemia de Ross
4313:Yolande de Dreux
4251:Guildford Dudley
4240:Catherine Howard
4084:Emma of Normandy
4030:
4025:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3978:
3919:
3897:
3896:20 November 1737
3890:
3872:
3868:
3838:
3829:
3817:
3805:
3796:
3777:
3758:
3750:
3748:"Caroline"
3731:
3722:
3705:
3683:
3671:
3649:
3641:
3622:
3620:
3606:
3587:
3568:
3547:
3528:
3511:Boutell, Charles
3506:
3493:Walpole in Power
3484:
3466:
3463:
3457:
3454:
3448:
3445:
3439:
3438:Wingfield, p. 1.
3436:
3430:
3427:
3421:
3414:
3408:
3405:
3399:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3381:
3378:
3372:
3369:
3363:
3360:
3354:
3351:
3345:
3342:
3336:
3335:
3324:
3318:
3317:
3281:
3275:
3272:
3266:
3263:
3257:
3254:
3248:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3230:
3227:
3221:
3218:
3212:
3209:
3203:
3200:
3191:
3188:
3182:
3179:
3173:
3170:
3164:
3161:
3155:
3152:
3146:
3143:
3137:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3119:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3101:
3098:
3092:
3089:
3083:
3080:
3074:
3071:
3065:
3062:
3056:
3053:
3047:
3044:
3035:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3008:
3005:
2999:
2992:
2986:
2983:
2977:
2976:
2958:
2952:
2949:
2943:
2940:
2934:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2916:
2913:
2904:
2897:
2891:
2888:
2882:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2864:
2861:
2855:
2852:
2846:
2843:
2837:
2834:
2828:
2825:
2819:
2812:
2806:
2803:
2797:
2794:
2788:
2785:
2779:
2776:
2770:
2767:
2761:
2758:
2752:
2745:
2739:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2718:
2711:
2700:
2697:
2691:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2673:
2666:
2655:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2637:
2634:
2628:
2621:
2615:
2612:
2603:
2600:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2582:
2576:
2573:
2564:
2561:
2552:
2551:Arkell, pp. 6–7.
2549:
2543:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2525:
2522:
2516:
2513:
2478:
2475:
2453:
2442:
2436:
2419:
1552:
1551:
1543:
1520:
1503:
1502:19 December 1751
1498:
1497:18 December 1724
1479:
1474:
1460:
1455:
1441:
1431:died in infancy
1428:
1427:17 February 1718
1423:
1422:13 November 1717
1409:
1408:20 November 1716
1397:
1396:28 December 1757
1392:
1378:
1373:
1354:
1349:
1327:
1322:
1298:
1258:
1002:umbilical hernia
912:Michael Rysbrack
875:Regency Act 1728
791:Charles Maitland
688:Duke of Rothesay
684:Duke of Cornwall
645:heir presumptive
569:Prince Frederick
490:Sophia Charlotte
488:, and his wife,
418:House of Hanover
360:King Frederick I
318:
257:
196:
194:
190:
159:17 December 1737
142:
139:20 November 1737
118:
116:
63:
60:
51:
39:
21:
5599:
5598:
5594:
5593:
5592:
5590:
5589:
5588:
5434:
5433:
5430:
5425:
5411:
5367:
5363:
5361:
5357:
5352:
5326:Electresses of
5321:
5316:
5286:
5281:
5249:
5244:
5214:
5209:
5131:
5126:
5096:
5091:
5080:
4975:
4966:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4913:
4897:11th generation
4892:
4862:10th generation
4857:
4831:
4805:
4769:
4731:
4715:
4668:
4647:
4631:
4615:
4596:
4591:
4561:
4556:
4542:
4479:
4455:
4431:Anne of Denmark
4422:
4397:
4392:
4388:Anne of Denmark
4298:Joan of England
4256:
4190:Joan of Navarre
4180:Anne of Bohemia
4094:Edith of Mercia
4089:Edith of Wessex
4065:Ælfgifu of York
4019:
4014: and
4005:
3970:
3957:
3942:
3933:
3918:
3912:
3891:
3885:
3884:
3877:
3845:
3832:
3820:
3808:Stephen, Leslie
3799:
3793:
3780:
3774:
3761:
3741:
3738:
3736:Further reading
3725:
3708:
3702:
3686:
3674:
3668:
3652:
3643:
3625:
3611:Quennell, Peter
3609:
3603:
3590:
3584:
3571:
3565:
3550:
3544:
3531:
3525:
3509:
3503:
3487:
3478:
3475:
3470:
3469:
3464:
3460:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3442:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3424:
3416:e.g. copies of
3415:
3411:
3406:
3402:
3397:
3393:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3375:
3370:
3366:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3343:
3339:
3326:
3325:
3321:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3269:
3264:
3260:
3255:
3251:
3246:
3242:
3237:
3233:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3201:
3194:
3189:
3185:
3180:
3176:
3171:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3153:
3149:
3144:
3140:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3117:
3113:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3095:
3090:
3086:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3038:
3033:
3029:
3024:
3020:
3015:
3011:
3006:
3002:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2973:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2950:
2946:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2928:
2923:
2919:
2914:
2907:
2898:
2894:
2889:
2885:
2880:
2876:
2871:
2867:
2862:
2858:
2853:
2849:
2844:
2840:
2836:Arkell, p. 102.
2835:
2831:
2826:
2822:
2813:
2809:
2805:Hanham, p. 284.
2804:
2800:
2795:
2791:
2786:
2782:
2777:
2773:
2768:
2764:
2759:
2755:
2746:
2742:
2737:
2733:
2729:Hichens, p. 21.
2728:
2721:
2712:
2703:
2698:
2694:
2689:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2667:
2658:
2653:
2649:
2644:
2640:
2636:Hanham, p. 281.
2635:
2631:
2622:
2618:
2613:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2584:Hanham, p. 279.
2583:
2579:
2574:
2567:
2563:Hichens, p. 19.
2562:
2555:
2550:
2546:
2541:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2519:
2514:
2481:
2476:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2456:
2443:
2439:
2426:Julian calendar
2420:
2413:
2408:
1593:Anne of Denmark
1541:
1532:
1518:
1501:
1496:
1492:Princess Louisa
1478:14 January 1772
1477:
1472:
1459:31 October 1765
1458:
1453:
1439:
1426:
1421:
1407:
1395:
1390:
1377:31 October 1786
1376:
1371:
1367:Princess Amelia
1353:12 January 1759
1352:
1348:2 November 1709
1347:
1325:
1321:31 January 1707
1320:
1293:
1189:counter-changed
1159:
1147:Caroline County
1144:
1109:
1104:
1024:
956:Joseph Highmore
948:
813:
720:Leicester House
692:Prince of Wales
653:
640:Queen Elizabeth
624:Sophia Dorothea
522:
498:
426:
391:Prince of Wales
266:
251:
222:Princess Amelia
198:
186:
182:
179:
166:
160:
144:
140:
120:
114:
112:
100:11 October 1727
82:
64:
61:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5597:
5595:
5587:
5586:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5556:
5551:
5546:
5541:
5536:
5531:
5526:
5521:
5516:
5511:
5506:
5501:
5496:
5491:
5486:
5481:
5476:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5436:
5435:
5427:
5426:
5416:
5413:
5412:
5410:
5409:
5403:
5397:
5391:
5385:
5378:
5376:
5369:
5368:
5355:
5353:
5351:
5350:
5344:
5338:
5332:
5330:
5323:
5322:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5307:
5300:
5292:
5283:
5282:
5280:
5279:
5277:(2011–present)
5271:
5263:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5235:
5228:
5220:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5207:
5199:
5191:
5183:
5175:
5167:
5159:
5151:
5143:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5117:
5110:
5102:
5093:
5092:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5078:
5076:(2022–present)
5070:
5061:
5053:
5045:
5037:
5029:
5021:
5013:
5005:
4997:
4989:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4967:
4965:
4964:
4957:
4950:
4942:
4933:
4932:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4906:
4900:
4898:
4894:
4893:
4891:
4890:
4885:
4882:Sarah Ferguson
4878:
4873:
4865:
4863:
4859:
4858:
4856:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4839:
4837:
4836:9th generation
4833:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4813:
4811:
4810:8th generation
4807:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4796:
4789:
4783:
4777:
4775:
4774:7th generation
4771:
4770:
4768:
4767:
4760:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4739:
4737:
4736:6th generation
4733:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4723:
4721:
4720:5th generation
4717:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4707:
4702:
4697:
4692:
4687:
4682:
4676:
4674:
4673:4th generation
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4655:
4653:
4652:3rd generation
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4639:
4637:
4636:2nd generation
4633:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4623:
4621:
4620:1st generation
4617:
4616:
4601:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4582:
4575:
4567:
4558:
4557:
4551:
4548:
4547:
4544:
4543:
4541:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4510:
4505:
4500:
4495:
4490:
4484:
4481:
4480:
4478:
4477:
4468:
4461:
4460:
4457:
4456:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4446:Mary of Modena
4443:
4438:
4433:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4410:
4403:
4402:
4399:
4398:
4394:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4370:
4365:
4360:
4358:Margaret Tudor
4355:
4350:
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4303:Marie de Coucy
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4275:
4270:
4265:
4259:
4257:
4255:
4254:
4247:
4245:Catherine Parr
4242:
4237:
4235:Anne of Cleves
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4128:
4123:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4076:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4041:
4038:
4037:
4034:
4028:
4021:
4020:
4018:royal consorts
4006:
4004:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3981:
3973:
3972:
3963:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3940:
3935:
3926:
3910:
3904:
3903:
3899:
3898:
3878:
3875:
3870:
3869:
3855:
3849:Queen Caroline
3844:
3843:External links
3841:
3840:
3839:
3830:
3818:
3797:
3791:
3778:
3772:
3759:
3745:, ed. (1911).
3743:Chisholm, Hugh
3737:
3734:
3733:
3732:
3723:
3711:Regal Heraldry
3706:
3700:
3684:
3678:, ed. (1797).
3676:Warton, Joseph
3672:
3666:
3650:
3623:
3607:
3601:
3588:
3582:
3569:
3563:
3548:
3542:
3529:
3523:
3507:
3501:
3485:
3474:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3458:
3449:
3440:
3431:
3422:
3418:London Gazette
3409:
3400:
3391:
3382:
3373:
3364:
3355:
3346:
3337:
3319:
3276:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3240:
3231:
3222:
3213:
3204:
3192:
3183:
3174:
3165:
3156:
3147:
3138:
3129:
3120:
3111:
3102:
3093:
3084:
3075:
3066:
3057:
3048:
3036:
3027:
3018:
3009:
3000:
2987:
2978:
2971:
2953:
2944:
2935:
2926:
2917:
2905:
2892:
2883:
2874:
2865:
2856:
2847:
2838:
2829:
2820:
2807:
2798:
2789:
2780:
2778:Arkell, p. 57.
2771:
2762:
2753:
2740:
2731:
2719:
2701:
2692:
2683:
2674:
2656:
2647:
2638:
2629:
2616:
2604:
2595:
2593:Arkell, p. 18.
2586:
2577:
2565:
2553:
2544:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2479:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2455:
2454:
2446:Alexander Pope
2437:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2400:
2397:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2385:
2383:
2378:
2376:
2371:
2369:
2364:
2362:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2300:
2298:
2296:
2294:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2246:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2185:
2183:
2178:
2176:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2162:
2157:
2155:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2140:
2138:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1995:
1993:
1988:
1986:
1984:Mary of Modena
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1959:
1957:
1952:
1950:
1945:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1839:
1837:
1835:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1809:
1806:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1761:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1751:
1749:
1744:
1742:
1737:
1735:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1723:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1590:
1588:
1583:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1557:
1555:
1548:
1547:
1540:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1527:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1506:married 1743,
1504:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1487:
1482:married 1740,
1480:
1475:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1405:
1404:Stillborn son
1401:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1363:
1362:
1357:married 1734,
1355:
1350:
1345:
1339:
1338:
1330:married 1736,
1328:
1323:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1305:
1302:
1292:
1289:
1286:
1285:
1269:
1268:
1247:); overall an
1158:
1155:
1143:
1140:
1139:
1138:
1131:
1124:
1117:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1090:Peter Quennell
1082:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1052:
1023:
1020:
986:supposititious
947:
944:
850:Somerset House
829:Jacopo Amigoni
812:
809:
799:Newgate Prison
795:Constantinople
761:Jonathan Swift
757:John Arbuthnot
748:Robert Walpole
729:Richmond Lodge
652:
649:
521:
518:
497:
494:
425:
422:
403:Robert Walpole
379:British throne
368:Prussian court
337:King George II
320:
319:
312:
308:
307:
302:
298:
297:
292:
288:
287:
282:
276:
275:
272:
271:
262:
261:
253:
252:
250:
249:
244:
239:
234:
229:
224:
219:
214:
208:
206:
200:
199:
184:
180:
175:
174:
172:
168:
167:
161:
157:
153:
152:
143:(aged 54)
137:
133:
132:
110:
106:
105:
102:
101:
98:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
81:
80:
75:
69:
66:
65:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5596:
5585:
5582:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5535:
5532:
5530:
5527:
5525:
5522:
5520:
5517:
5515:
5512:
5510:
5507:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5439:
5432:
5424:
5420:
5414:
5407:
5404:
5401:
5398:
5395:
5392:
5389:
5386:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5375:
5370:
5348:
5345:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5329:
5324:
5320:
5313:
5308:
5306:
5301:
5299:
5294:
5293:
5290:
5278:
5275:
5272:
5270:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5252:
5248:
5241:
5236:
5234:
5229:
5227:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5206:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5194:Camilla Shand
5192:
5190:
5187:
5184:
5182:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5152:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5138:
5137:
5134:
5130:
5123:
5118:
5116:
5111:
5109:
5104:
5103:
5100:
5089:
5083:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5065:
5064:Camilla Shand
5062:
5060:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5036:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
4998:
4996:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4982:
4981:
4978:
4974:
4970:
4963:
4958:
4956:
4951:
4949:
4944:
4943:
4940:
4929:
4925:
4923:
4916:
4910:
4909:Meghan Markle
4907:
4905:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4895:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4883:
4879:
4877:
4876:Camilla Shand
4874:
4872:
4871:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4814:
4812:
4808:
4802:
4801:
4797:
4795:
4794:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4778:
4776:
4772:
4766:
4765:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4734:
4728:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4718:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4691:
4688:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4675:
4671:
4665:
4664:Anne Luttrell
4662:
4660:
4659:Maria Walpole
4657:
4656:
4654:
4650:
4644:
4641:
4640:
4638:
4634:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4618:
4613:
4609:
4605:
4599:
4595:
4588:
4583:
4581:
4576:
4574:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4555:
4549:
4539:
4538:Camilla Shand
4536:
4534:
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4494:
4491:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4482:
4476:
4475:
4470:
4469:
4466:
4462:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4425:
4419:
4417:
4412:
4411:
4408:
4404:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4383:James Hepburn
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4368:Mary of Guise
4366:
4364:
4361:
4359:
4356:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4344:
4343:Joan Beaufort
4341:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4269:
4266:
4264:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4253:
4252:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4133:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4085:
4082:
4080:
4077:
4075:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4056:
4053:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4040:
4039:
4035:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4022:
4017:
4013:
4009:
4002:
3997:
3995:
3990:
3988:
3983:
3982:
3979:
3969:
3968:
3962:
3961:
3954:
3950:
3947:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3931:
3924:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3909:
3905:
3902:Royal titles
3900:
3895:
3888:
3883:
3882:
3873:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3842:
3836:
3831:
3827:
3823:
3819:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3798:
3794:
3792:0-7190-5770-1
3788:
3784:
3779:
3775:
3773:0-7190-5770-1
3769:
3765:
3760:
3756:
3755:
3749:
3744:
3740:
3739:
3735:
3729:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3712:
3707:
3703:
3697:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3667:0-7509-1321-5
3663:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3639:
3635:
3631:
3630:
3624:
3619:
3618:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3602:0-7206-1271-3
3598:
3594:
3589:
3585:
3583:0-521-81422-7
3579:
3575:
3570:
3566:
3560:
3556:
3555:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3504:
3502:0-7509-2523-X
3498:
3494:
3490:
3489:Black, Jeremy
3486:
3482:
3477:
3476:
3472:
3462:
3459:
3453:
3450:
3444:
3441:
3435:
3432:
3426:
3423:
3419:
3413:
3410:
3404:
3401:
3395:
3392:
3386:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3368:
3365:
3359:
3356:
3350:
3347:
3341:
3338:
3333:
3329:
3323:
3320:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3299:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3280:
3277:
3271:
3268:
3262:
3259:
3253:
3250:
3244:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3226:
3223:
3217:
3214:
3208:
3205:
3199:
3197:
3193:
3187:
3184:
3178:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3151:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3133:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3115:
3112:
3106:
3103:
3097:
3094:
3088:
3085:
3079:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3061:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3043:
3041:
3037:
3031:
3028:
3022:
3019:
3013:
3010:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2991:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2974:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2954:
2948:
2945:
2939:
2936:
2930:
2927:
2921:
2918:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2896:
2893:
2887:
2884:
2878:
2875:
2869:
2866:
2860:
2857:
2851:
2848:
2842:
2839:
2833:
2830:
2824:
2821:
2817:
2811:
2808:
2802:
2799:
2793:
2790:
2784:
2781:
2775:
2772:
2766:
2763:
2757:
2754:
2750:
2744:
2741:
2735:
2732:
2726:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2710:
2708:
2706:
2702:
2696:
2693:
2687:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2648:
2642:
2639:
2633:
2630:
2626:
2620:
2617:
2611:
2609:
2605:
2599:
2596:
2590:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2539:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2524:Arkell, p. 5.
2521:
2518:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2474:
2472:
2470:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2447:
2441:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2427:
2424:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2405:
2392:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2308:
2306:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2206:
2203:
2196:
2189:
2182:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2154:
2130:
2127:
2119:
2117:
2116:
2073:
2065:
2063:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2021:
2011:
2009:
2007:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1974:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1931:
1928:
1908:
1906:
1890:
1888:
1887:
1858:
1830:
1828:
1820:
1818:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1794:
1787:
1748:
1741:
1725:
1722:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1672:
1646:
1644:
1630:
1628:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1594:
1587:
1553:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1544:
1538:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1469:
1468:Princess Mary
1466:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1454:26 April 1721
1452:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1443:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1403:
1402:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1326:31 March 1751
1324:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1270:
1264:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1187:
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1179:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1156:
1154:
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1132:
1129:
1125:
1122:
1118:
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1111:
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1106:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1059:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1033:
1028:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1003:
999:
994:
992:
987:
982:
976:
974:
970:
966:
957:
952:
945:
943:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
895:
893:
888:
884:
880:
876:
870:
868:
864:
860:
855:
851:
847:
842:
838:
830:
825:
817:
810:
808:
805:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
770:
768:
767:
762:
758:
753:
749:
744:
742:
738:
734:
730:
725:
721:
717:
713:
707:
705:
704:queen consort
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
678:
674:
670:
662:
657:
650:
648:
646:
641:
636:
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
600:
596:
592:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
561:
559:
555:
550:
545:
543:
539:
535:
526:
519:
517:
515:
511:
507:
503:
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491:
487:
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479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
430:
423:
421:
419:
415:
411:
406:
404:
400:
399:King George I
396:
392:
388:
384:
383:heir apparent
380:
376:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
340:
338:
334:
330:
326:
317:
313:
309:
306:
303:
299:
296:
293:
289:
286:
283:
281:
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270:
263:
258:
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215:
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210:
209:
207:
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201:
178:
173:
169:
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158:
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151:
150:Great Britain
147:
138:
134:
131:
127:
123:
111:
107:
103:
99:
97:
93:
89:
85:
79:
76:
74:
71:
70:
67:
56:
50:
45:
40:
35:
30:
19:
5431:
5340:
5276:
5268:
5260:
5257:
5204:
5196:
5188:
5180:
5172:
5164:
5156:
5148:
5145:
5140:
5087:
5075:
5067:
5058:
5050:
5042:
5034:
5026:
5018:
5015:
5010:
5002:
4994:
4986:
4927:
4919:
4880:
4868:
4798:
4791:
4762:
4626:
4611:
4607:
4553:
4523:Mary of Teck
4492:
4471:
4413:
4378:Henry Stuart
4249:
4230:Jane Seymour
4210:Anne Neville
4147:
4130:
4118:
3965:
3958:
3952:
3943:
3937:
3928:
3921:
3920:
3913:
3907:
3893:
3889:1 March 1683
3886:
3879:
3834:
3825:
3811:
3782:
3763:
3752:
3727:
3710:
3691:
3688:Weir, Alison
3679:
3657:
3627:
3616:
3592:
3573:
3553:
3533:
3514:
3492:
3480:
3461:
3452:
3443:
3434:
3425:
3420:, 1714–1727.
3412:
3403:
3394:
3385:
3376:
3367:
3358:
3349:
3340:
3331:
3322:
3292:(1): 13–17.
3289:
3285:
3279:
3270:
3261:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3216:
3207:
3186:
3177:
3168:
3159:
3150:
3141:
3132:
3123:
3114:
3105:
3096:
3087:
3078:
3069:
3060:
3051:
3030:
3021:
3012:
3003:
2995:
2990:
2981:
2962:
2956:
2947:
2938:
2929:
2920:
2900:
2895:
2886:
2877:
2868:
2859:
2850:
2841:
2832:
2823:
2815:
2810:
2801:
2792:
2783:
2774:
2765:
2756:
2748:
2743:
2734:
2714:
2695:
2686:
2677:
2669:
2650:
2641:
2632:
2624:
2619:
2598:
2589:
2580:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2440:
2387:
1515:Miscarriage
1510:; had issue
1486:; had issue
1473:5 March 1723
1436:Miscarriage
1391:10 June 1713
1372:10 June 1711
1361:; had issue
1294:
1249:inescutcheon
1241:Hohenzollern
1211:); 8th, per
1160:
1145:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1083:
1063:
1044:
1037:
1013:
1007:
995:
977:
961:
954:Portrait by
936:
928:Hans Holbein
916:William Kent
896:
871:
839:was held at
834:
827:Portrait by
783:immunisation
771:
764:
745:
708:
681:
666:
635:James Stuart
628:
604:
565:Herrenhausen
562:
546:
531:
499:
435:
407:
372:
341:
324:
323:
285:Hohenzollern
141:(1737-11-20)
119:1 March 1683
55:Michael Dahl
53:Portrait by
29:
5454:1737 deaths
5449:1683 births
5269:(1818–1889)
5261:(1705–1727)
5068:(2005–2022)
5059:(1981–1996)
5051:(1901–1910)
5043:(1863–1901)
5035:(1795–1820)
5027:(1736–1751)
5019:(1714–1727)
5011:(1501–1502)
5003:(1470–1471)
4987:(1361–1376)
4225:Anne Boleyn
4074:Świętosława
3922:as consort
1253:Brandenburg
1217:Halberstadt
1184:, within a
1135:Her Majesty
1133:1727–1737:
1126:1714–1727:
1119:1705–1714:
1112:1683–1705:
946:Final years
932:William III
892:Excise Bill
854:Lord Hervey
779:variolation
618:and became
542:Catholicism
538:Lutheranism
356:enlightened
62: 1730
5438:Categories
5372:Queens of
3971:1727–1737
3934:1727–1737
3719:B000OKQJTM
3648:required.)
2972:0064461955
2460:References
1336:George III
1199:, crowned
1032:Serpentine
908:terracotta
846:civil list
629:After the
558:Queen Anne
478:LĂĽtzenburg
424:Early life
148:, London,
115:1683-03-01
96:Coronation
4418:from 1603
4060:Ælfthryth
3513:(2010) .
3314:207000346
2998:(1733/4).
2903:., p. 37.
2751:., p. 36.
2717:., p. 34.
2672:., p. 33.
2430:New Style
2423:Old Style
1962:Anne Hyde
1530:New Style
1519:July 1725
1229:Nuremberg
1193:Magdeburg
1171:quarterly
1137:The Queen
973:Edinburgh
904:intaglios
859:Jacobites
673:The Hague
669:North Sea
573:pneumonia
496:Education
410:Frederick
366:. At the
311:Signature
4920:*also a
4612:princess
4604:George I
4079:Ealdgyth
4012:Scottish
3824:(1901).
3690:(2008).
3656:(1997).
3613:(1939).
3491:(2001).
3306:21593245
2428:and the
1282:impaling
1235:or (for
1205:segreant
1151:Virginia
1047:(1714):
1041:John Gay
804:Voltaire
585:Caroline
520:Marriage
480:outside
458:Eisenach
450:smallpox
267:German:
165:, London
5421:**also
5417:* also
5374:Hanover
5328:Hanover
4554:italics
4055:Ælfgifu
4016:British
4010:,
4008:English
3860:at the
3810:(ed.).
3473:Sources
2515:Taylor.
2450:epigram
1233:saltire
1221:rampant
1209:Crossen
1186:bordure
1167:impaled
1142:Honours
991:Augusta
733:William
677:Margate
663:in 1716
502:Prussia
466:Dresden
438:Ansbach
414:Hanover
385:to the
197:
185:
181:
4608:prince
4263:Gruoch
3953:Vacant
3938:Vacant
3908:Vacant
3892:
3789:
3770:
3717:
3698:
3664:
3642:
3599:
3580:
3561:
3540:
3521:
3499:
3312:
3304:
2969:
2899:Fryer
2814:Fryer
2747:Fryer
2713:Fryer
2668:Fryer
1310:Notes
1307:Death
1304:Birth
1278:dexter
1237:Minden
1225:goboné
1182:argent
1022:Legacy
958:, 1735
900:cameos
879:regent
863:Stuart
831:, 1735
741:Louise
583:, and
581:Amelia
482:Berlin
470:Saxony
381:) and
301:Mother
291:Father
191:
171:Spouse
156:Burial
87:Tenure
3894:Died:
3887:Born:
3806:. In
3310:S2CID
2901:et al
2816:et al
2749:et al
2715:et al
2670:et al
2625:et al
2406:Notes
1301:Name
1291:Issue
1197:sable
1178:gules
883:Tagus
671:from
393:. As
280:House
260:Names
204:Issue
195:)
187:(
183:
4971:and
4610:and
3787:ISBN
3768:ISBN
3715:ASIN
3696:ISBN
3662:ISBN
3597:ISBN
3578:ISBN
3559:ISBN
3538:ISBN
3519:ISBN
3497:ISBN
3302:PMID
2967:ISBN
1440:1718
1213:pale
1180:and
1175:fess
1165:are
1161:The
1157:Arms
998:gout
926:and
918:and
902:and
789:and
759:and
752:Whig
739:and
737:Mary
686:and
577:Anne
362:and
331:and
193:1705
136:Died
109:Born
3634:doi
3294:doi
1255:).
793:in
675:to
540:to
5440::
5408:**
5402:**
5066:*
3751:.
3330:.
3308:.
3300:.
3290:37
3288:.
3195:^
3039:^
2908:^
2722:^
2704:^
2659:^
2607:^
2568:^
2556:^
2482:^
2468:^
2414:^
1280:)
1201:or
934:.
735:,
579:,
339:.
189:m.
128:,
124:,
59:c.
57:,
5396:*
5390:*
5384:*
5349:*
5343:*
5311:e
5304:t
5297:v
5239:e
5232:t
5225:v
5121:e
5114:t
5107:v
4961:e
4954:t
4947:v
4930:.
4788:*
4712:*
4586:e
4579:t
4572:v
4072:/
4000:e
3993:t
3986:v
3795:.
3776:.
3721:.
3704:.
3670:.
3640:.
3636::
3605:.
3586:.
3567:.
3546:.
3527:.
3505:.
3334:.
3316:.
3296::
2975:.
1276:(
117:)
113:(
36:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
