646:
254:(Ambrosian Library) at Milan which is said to be the first public library in Europe having first opened its door to the public in 1609. It was as conservator at the library that the world of exploration history was turned on its head by this paleographer. James Alexander Robertson wrongly identified him as the "prefect" or officer in charge of the Ambrosiana library, an error repeated by a few who have referred to Amoretti although as far as can be ascertained not one has detected prior to this article that Amoretti is the first to assert the Limasawa=Mazaua equation. Filipino religious historiographer Miguel A. Bernad mistakenly identified Amoretti as curator of the library.
353:, of the Philippines in 1734. Murillo's map was such a brilliant and beautiful map many European mapmakers plagiarized it outright. To the credit of Bellin, he cites Murillo as his authority; he corrects Murillo's longitude which followed the erroneous entry of Pigafetta. The French Bellin was hydrographer to the king of France and one of the greatest and most important French cartographers of the mid-18th century. His works were of such excellence as to set a high standard and were widely copied throughout Europe. His map of the Philippines came out the same year that Murillo's map came out.
25:
382:, revisited, the only crewmember of the Armada to do so. There are other visits by Spanish and Portuguese during the entire Age of Sail, the last notable one a few months before the 1565 arrival of the Legazpi expedition being a Portuguese squadron that virtually wiped out the entire population of the isle except for one native who was able to hide.
90:
599:
dictum to
Amoretti was it possible to see that Amoretti's assertion was based on ignorance of all the eyewitness accounts which he had not read and the accounts of ColĂn and CombĂ©s whose invented names did not point to Magellan's port. De Mafra described a port that was in the Genoese Pilot's 9°N; at
551:
Philippine historians and historiographers who have written on
Magellan and the Mazaua episode are totally ignorant of Amoretti. This incredible phenomenon may be explained by the practice or non-practice of modern historiography which is marked by a strict if not reverential respect for authorship.
272:
Primo viaggio intorno al globo terracqueo ossia ragguaglio della navigazione alle Indie orientali per la via d'occidente fatta dal cavaliere
Antonio Pigafetta patrizio vicentino sulla squadra del capit. Magaglianes negli anni 1519-1522 ora pubblicato per la prima volta, tratto da un codice MS. della
662:
Primo viaggio intorno al globo terracqueo ossia
Ragguaglio della nauigazione alle Indie orientali per la via d' occidente fatta dal caualiere Antonio Pigafetta ... sulla squadra del capit. Magaglianes negli anni 1519-1522. Ora pubblicato per la prima volta , tratto da un codice ms. della Biblioteca
261:
the lost
Italian manuscript of Pigafetta on Magellan's voyage, considered by most Magellan scholars as the oldest of four extant manuscripts and the most complete, although there is consensus among paleographic scholars this and all surviving codices are mere copies of an original or originals now
670:
Premier voyage autour du monde, par le chev. Pigafetta, sur l'escadre de
Magellan, pendant les annees 1519, 20, 21 et 22; suivi de l'extrait du Traite de navigation du meme auteur; et d'une notice sur le chevalier Martin Behaim, avec la description de son globe terrestre...Publie pour la premiere
627:
of 1927 published by the United States Coast and
Geodetic Survey states, "Limasawa is fringed by a narrow, steep-to reef off which the water is too deep to afford good anchorage for large vessels. It also rests on a garbled text of Pigafetta by Ramusio. Finally, it comes from Combés's renaming of
262:
deemed forever lost. The three other extant manuscripts are all in French of which two are conserved at the
Bibliothèque Nationale, MSS 5650 and 24224, the last, viewed as the most "princely" of all, is conserved at the Beinecke Library of the Yale University Library, in the United States.
751:
Memorie storiche su la vita gli studj e le opere di
Leonardo da Vinci scritte da Carlo Amoretti bibliot. nell'Ambr. di Milano ... Si aggiungono le Memorie intorno alla vita del ch. Baldassare Oltrocchi gia prefetto della stessa biblioteca, scritte dal suo successore Pietro
741:
Nuova scelta di opuscoli interessanti sulle scienze e sulle arti tratti dagli atti delle
Accademie, e dalle altre collezioni filosofiche e letterarie, dalle opere piu recenti Inglesi, Tedesche, Francesi, Latine, e Italiane, e da' manoscritti originali, e inediti da Carlo
311:, New York: 1995) called Amoretti's edition as having "bowdlerized the text in an effort to 'exposit with the necessary decency the account of some strange customs written by him in frank terms which would offend the delicacy and modesty of the reader of good taste."
555:
In the Philippines, Amoretti's dictum was completely accepted but his authorship unrecognized if not indeed appropriated. His assertion was reworked in such a manner as to make it look new and original. Instead of saying what Amoretti said that "Limasawa may be
663:
Ambrosiana di Milano e corredato di note da Carlo Amoretti; contiene anche: Raccolta di vocaboli fatta dal caualiere Antonio Pigafetta ne' paesi, ove durante la navigazione fece qualche dimora. Con un Transunto del Trattato di nauigazione dello stesso autore
307:, fault Amoretti's edition for taking liberties with Pigafetta's text. Robertson accused Amoretti of committing "the sin of editing the precious document, almost beyond recognition." Brand describes the work as "somewhat garbled." Theodore J. Cachey Jr. (
277:
Premier voyage autour du monde par le chevalier Francesco Antonio Pigafetta sur l'escadre de Magellan, pendant les années 1519-20-21-22, suivi de l'extrait du Traité de navigation du même auteur et d'une notice sur le chev. Martin de
575:
The framework finally blossomed to the classic question, "Where is the site of the first mass, Limasawa or Butuan?" This proposition forces the reader to choose between two false options, an isle that has no anchorage,
535:. By the time Robertson came into the picture, Amoretti's guess became a certainty, this without any additional argument or evidence. Mazaua, declared Robertson, "is doubtless the Limasaua of the present day." It was
890:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi Maggiore, di Lugano e di Como e ne' monti che li circondano di Carlo Amoretti - Sesta edizione corretta e corredata di antichi monumenti e della vita dell'autore dal dottor Giovanni
678:
Beschreibung der von Magellan unternommenen ersten Reise um die Welt (1519-22); aus einer Handschrift der Ambros. Bibliothek zu Mayland von Amoretti zum erstenmal herausgeg. Aus d. Franz (von Ch. W. Jacobs u. F.
218:
Memorie storiche su la vita gli studi e le opera di Leonardo da Vinci si aggiungono le memorie intorno all vita del Ch. Baldassare Oltrocchi gia Prefetto della stessa Biblioteca scritte dal suo successore Pietro
848:
Della coltivazione delle patate e loro uso. Istruzione del sig. Carlo Amoretti ... col discorso sul medesimo oggetto del sig. Vincenzo Dandolo e col giudizio sulle due opere dell'I. e R. Accad. de' Georgofili,
766:
Della coltivazione delle patate e loro uso istruzione dell'ab Carlo Amoretti bibliotecario dell'Ambrosiana col discorso sul medesimo oggetto del conte Vincenzio Dandolo e giudizio sul merito dei due opuscoli
484:, as having plenty of gold mines, and the other firsthand accounts by de Mafra, Albo, the Genoese Pilot, and Ayamonte. These uniformly referred to an island with an excellent port. Limasawa has no anchorage.
869:
elle torbiere esistenti nel dipartimento d'Olona e limitrofi, e de' loro vantaggi, ed usi. Ragionamento di Carlo Amoretti. Tratt. dal vol. 1. part. 2. delle Memorie dell'Istituto Nazionale Italiano,
645:
394:
is not found in any of the over 100 languages of the Philippines. It is not found in any of the eyewitness reports that mention the episode of March 28-April 4, 1521 as written by
197:
around 1771. Here he became an active member of the scientific community. He was editor of the first scientific magazine published in Milan under the title—from 1775 until 1777--
806:
Del governo dei bachi da seta detti volgarmente bigatti : istruzione tratta dal libro intitolato Dell'arte di governare i bachi da seta ... / da Carlo Amoretti - 4. ed.
1095:
905:
Del governo de' bachi da seta detti volgarmente bigatti : istruzione tratta dal libro intitolato Dell'arte di governare i bachi da seta, opera del fu conte Dandolo
759:
Lettera su alcuni scheletri di grissi animali trovati da pochi anni in un colle piacentino : scritta da Carlo Amoretti a monsignor Giacinto Della Torre arcivescovo
319:
Even while it is so poorly regarded Amoretti's work has left an enduring geographical puzzle—an invalid geographical assertion—which has only been recently detected.
54:
1038:
Theodore J. Cachey Jr. (ed. based on James Alexander Robertson's English translation of the Ambrosiana codex as transcribed by Andrea da Mosto), New York: 1995.
543:. In 2003 Bergreen broke away from this and completely disregards the name "Mazaua" altogether, he names the port Limasawa without citing Pigafetta's "Mazaua."
270:
Amoretti lost no time in transcribing, editing, and annotating the manuscript. He published his edition of Pigafetta in 1800 under this most formidable title
508:
1130:
781:
Viaggio da Milano a Nizza di Carlo Amoretti ed altro da Berlino a Nizza e ritorno da Nizza a Berlino di Giangiorgio Sulzer fatto negli anni 1775 e 1776
671:
fois, en italien, sur un manuscrit de la Bibliotheque Ambroisienne de Milan; avec des notes; par Charles Amoretti...et traduit en francois par le meme.
788:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi Maggiore, di Lugano e di Como e ne' monti che li circondano di Carlo Amoretti - Quinta edizione corretta ed accresciuta
295:
whose biography of Magellan is still considered the leading work on the Portuguese navigator. Navigation historians and Magellan scholars, among them
1145:
1140:
799:
membro della societa italiana delle scienze, ... Scritto dal signor Cav. Carlo Amoretti. Inserito nel tomo 14. della societa italiana delle scienze
287:
Among other things Amoretti modernized the Italian of Pigafetta's text. His edition was the basis for the writings on Magellan's expedition by
962:
372:
had three latitude readings by three members of the Armada, 9°40' N by Pigafetta, 9°20' N by Francisco Albo, and 9° N by the Genoese Pilot.
1079:
1065:
174:. He translated scientific works, published or republished many rare books and manuscripts noteworthy of these being the extant codex of
273:
Biblioteca Ambrosiana di Milano e corredato di note da C. Amoretti...con un transunto del Trattato di Navigazione dello stesso autore...
280:
Paris, H.J. de Jansen. That same year a German translation came out. The French edition has been digitized and published at the site
76:
774:
Della torba e della lignite combustibili che possno sostituirsi alle legne nel Regno d'Italia. Istruzioni di Carlo Amoretti ...
418:
292:
1125:
1014:
1013:
de Jesus, Vicente C. (2002). Mazaua Historiography. Retrieved February 27, 2007, from MagellansPortMazaua mailing list:
481:
350:
473:
were born of ignorance of the true Mazaua episode. That the island whose names they invented pointed to Pigafetta's
1135:
862:
Della ricerca del carbon fossile, suoi vantaggi e suo uso nel Regno d'Italia. Istruzione del cav. Carlo Amoretti ..
600:
this location, all the other's testimonies converged, harmonized to create a unified whole and a consistent truth.
1021:
Foronda, Marcelino A., Jr. (1981). "The First Mass in the Philippines as a Problem in Philippine Historiography".
528:
422:
296:
37:
434:
47:
41:
33:
1060:
981:
565:
503:
Navigation historians and Magellan scholars who followed in the wake of Amoretti adopted uncritically his
288:
275:
Milan, 1800. The following year a French edition, translated by Amoretti himself, came out with the title
58:
524:
426:
309:
The First Voyage Around the World, (1519-1522), An Account of Magellan's Expedition by Antonio Pigafetta
250:
516:
411:
403:
378:
was the port where Magellan's fleet anchored for one week. It was also the port where 22 years later,
1120:
1115:
871:
Milano:presso Camillo Scorza, e compagno stampatori-libraj nella Contrada della Cerva al n. 340, 1807
520:
304:
300:
512:
407:
967:
731:
721:
711:
701:
691:
1001:
Labor evangelica de los obreros de la Compañia de Jesús, fundación y progresos de Islas Filipinas
972:
183:
139:
855:
Della torba e della lignite, combustibili che possono sostituirsi alle legne nel regno d'Italia
827:
Memorie storiche su la vita gli studi e le opere di Lionardo da Vinci scritte da Carlo Amoretti
813:
Della raddomanzia ossia elettrometria animale ricerche fisiche e storiche di Carlo Amoretti ...
769:- Seconda edizione fiorentina, Firenze:presso Leonardo Ciardetti all'insegna della fenice, 1817
417:
In fact, it was invented in 1667 by a Jesuit historian who had not read any of those accounts.
357:
1075:
982:"The Controversy on Animal Electricity in Eighteenth Century Italy: Galvani, Volta and Others"
657:
588:
532:
466:
395:
379:
343:
222:
175:
248:
He became a conservator, officially called "Dottori del Collegio Ambrosiano", in 1797 of the
744:, Milano:presso Giacomo Agnelli successore Marelli librajo-stampatore in S. Margherita, 1804
179:
1029:
Historia general de los hechos de los Castellanos en las islas y tierrafirme del mar oceano
912:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi: Maggiore, di Lugano e di Como e ne' monti che li circondano
322:
In two footnotes on pages 66 and 72, Amoretti surmised that Magellan's port—which he named
238:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi Maggiore, di lugano e di Como e ne' monti che li circondanoi
1098:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi Maggiore, di Lugano e di Como e ne' monti che li circondano
1056:
898:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi Maggiore, di Lugano e di Como e ne' monti che li circondano
883:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi Maggiore, di Lugano e di Como, e ne'monti che li circondano
560:" Philippine historiographers reframed it as "the site of the first mass" (Mazaua) is not
796:
399:
939:
Appendice al viaggio di Ferrer Maldonado. Lettera apologetica di C.A. al Sig. B. di L.
1109:
623:
is based on ignorance of a basic fact: Limasawa has no anchorage as described by the
815:, Milano:presso Giuseppe Marelli stampatore-librajo sulla corsia del Broletto, 1812
127:
111:
925:
Istruzione pratica per la coltivazione de' terreni incolti. Tradotta dal francese
954:
The Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge
356:
In any case, Amoretti offers one proof in support of his guess: the latitude of
171:
163:
480:
Amoretti also had not read the French manuscripts of Pigafetta which described
841:
Della coltivazione delle patate e loro uso. Istruzione di Carlo Amoretti ...
453:. In the case of CombĂ©s, who wrote five years after ColĂn, he did not adopt
437:, who said the island was Butuan. ColĂn pointed to another island he called
167:
123:
89:
919:
Delle macchine aerostatiche, Da: Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti
449:) the isle where an Easter mass was celebrated. The island is Pigafetta's
1071:
1017:
630:
616:
592:
577:
569:
488:
474:
470:
454:
450:
438:
365:
230:
Della raddomanzia ossia elettrometria animale ricerche fisiche e storiche
151:
334:
in the clear calligraphic writing of the Beinecke-Yale codex, where the
189:
Amoretti, having fallen from the graces of the ecclesiastical order at
159:
155:
115:
107:
103:
221:(Milan, 1804) which is considered to be the first modern biography of
776:, Milano:presso Giovanni Pirotta stampatore in Santa Margherita, 1810
620:
596:
581:
561:
557:
540:
492:
430:
375:
369:
361:
119:
1036:
The First Voyage Around the World (1519-1522), by Antonio Pigafetta.
644:
465:
Amoretti had not read ColĂn and CombĂ©s and was unaware that their
194:
190:
135:
131:
88:
850:
Firenze:presso Leonardo Ciardetti all'Insegna della fenice, 1817
507:
dictum. Not one raised any question or doubt. Among these were
425:, who said the port was "Buthuan", and this Combés adopted; by
878:- In Milano : da Giuseppe Galeazzi regio stampatore, 1788
18:
665:, In Milano : nella stamperia di Giuseppe Galeazzi, 1800
932:
Viaggio da Milano ai tre laghi Maggiore, di Lugano e di Como
539:
for Magellan writers to state that Limasawa was Pigafetta's
421:, had read three works that refer to the Mazaua episode: by
927:, Milano:nell'Imperial Monistero di S. Ambrogio Magg., 1780
736:(in Italian). Vol. 6. Milano: Giuseppe Marelli. 1783.
726:(in Italian). Vol. 4. Milano: Giuseppe Marelli. 1781.
716:(in Italian). Vol. 3. Milano: Giuseppe Marelli. 1780.
706:(in Italian). Vol. 2. Milano: Giuseppe Marelli. 1779.
696:(in Italian). Vol. 1. Milano: Giuseppe Marelli. 1778.
1100:
by Carlo Amoretti can be found in the database VIATIMAGES
461:
Amoretti, ignorant of ColĂn, CombĂ©s, de Mafra, Albo, etc.
1008:
Historia de las islas de Mindanao, Iolo y sus adyacentes
956:. Vol. II. Part II. London. 1843. pp. 492–494.
900:, Milano : dalla Tipografia Scorza e Compagno, 1806
829:, Milano:dalla Tipografia di Giusti, Ferrario e C., 1804
685:
Scelta di opuscoli interessanti tradotti da varie lingue
199:
Scelta di opuscoli interessanti tradotti da varie lingue
1041:
Torodash, Martin. 1971. "Magellan Historiography." In:
801:, Verona:dalla tipografia di Giovanni Gambaretti, 1809
150:
Amoretti was an Encyclopedist whose mind encompassed
1031:, t. VI. Angel Gonzalez Palencia (ed.). Madrid 1947.
457:
because his story does not mention any mass at all.
754:, Milano:(presso Gaetano Motta al Malcantone), 1804
342:in a map of the Philippines by French cartographer
338:anchored from March 28 to April 4, 1521—may be the
914:- Reprint, Milano:Studio editoriale Insubria, 1824
495:was false from the very basic level of anchorage.
349:Bellin's map is a perfect copy of a chart made by
130:order in 1757. To further his studies, he went to
603:
46:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
1003:. Pablo Pastells (ed.), 3 vols. Barcelona 1900.
941:, Milano : Tipografia Pirotta, Maggio 1813
681:Mit 3 Karten. gr. 8. Gotha 1801. Just. Perthes.
364:at 9°40' North. He was mistaken on two counts,
820:Viaggi da Berlino a Nizza e da Milano a Nizza
8:
205:until 1803, and further renamed in 1804 as
733:Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti
723:Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti
713:Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti
703:Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti
693:Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti
650:Opuscoli scelti sulle scienze e sulle arti
836:- Alvisopoli : N. e G. Bettoni, 1811
834:Coltivazioni delle api pel regno d'Italia
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
934:. Milano: presso Giuseppe Galeazzi, 1794
547:Amoretti name unknown in the Philippines
1043:Hispanic American Historical Review, LI
822:, Milano:Agenzia libraria Savallo, 1865
216:Amoretti wrote many books. Among these
893:, Milano:per Giovanni Silvestri, 1824
315:Creator of grand geographical illusion
1023:Kasaysayan, Vol. VI, Number 1-4, 3-7.
876:Educazione delle api per la Lombardia
790:, Milano:per Giovanni Silvestri, 1817
783:, Milano:per Giovanni Silvestri, 1819
487:His claim asserting identity between
7:
1066:Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani
615:The notion Amoretti propounded that
244:Conservator, discoverer of Pigafetta
1072:Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
580:, and a place that is not an isle,
257:In 1797 Amoretti discovered at the
1131:Italian exploration of the Pacific
531:, down to the latest authors like
14:
1010:. W.E. Retana (ed.). Madrid 1897.
864:, Milano:da Gio. Bernardoni, 1811
499:Uncritical acceptance of Amoretti
433:", which Combés rejected; and by
234:Elementi di elettrometria animale
961:Belli, Guido (1 February 2007).
907:, Forli : tip. Casali, 1837
857:, Milano:presso G. Pirotta, 1810
23:
1146:18th-century Italian scientists
1141:19th-century Italian scientists
885:, Milano:tip. G. Galeazzi, 1801
587:Only with the discovery of the
360:is at Pigafetta's latitude for
351:Fr. Pedro Murillo Velarde, S.J.
808:, Milano:presso Sonzogno, 1824
482:Mazaua, Magellan's lost harbor
228:Other works worth mention are
16:Italian explorer and scientist
1:
1034:Pigafetta, Antonio. c. 1523.
989:Revue d'histoire des sciences
795:Elogio letteratio del signor
293:Francis Henry Hill Guillemard
110:– died 23 March 1816) was an
1068:, Volume 3: Ammirato–Arcoleo
193:, was forced to relocate to
1027:Herrera, Antonio de. 1601.
641:List of his published works
591:account and by tracing the
1162:
419:Fr. Francisco Combés, S.J.
386:Limasawa, an invented word
1006:Combés, Francisco. 1667.
980:Bernardi, Walter (2001).
529:James Alexander Robertson
435:Fr. Francisco ColĂn, S.J.
423:Giovanni Battista Ramusio
326:and appears otherwise as
297:James Alexander Robertson
178:'s relation of the first
999:ColĂn, Francisco. 1663.
963:"People: Carlo Amoretti"
509:Lord Stanley of Alderley
368:is at 9°56' North while
32:This article includes a
102:(born 16 March 1741 in
61:more precise citations.
1096:Pictures and texts of
653:
441:to signify it is not (
207:Nuovi opusculi scelti.
146:Wide-ranging intellect
96:
648:
566:Gian Battista Ramusio
251:Biblioteca Ambrosiana
138:where he also taught
92:
1070:(in Italian). Rome:
673:Paris: H.J. Jansen,
1126:People from Imperia
1045:, Pp. 313–335.
968:Provincia di Varese
921:, Milano, 1778-1796
676:Antonio Pigafetta,
668:Antonio Pigafetta,
429:, who said it was "
289:José Toribio Medina
236:(Milan, 1816), and
952:"Carlo Amoretti".
654:
525:Charles McKew Parr
427:Antonio de Herrera
404:MartĂn de Ayamonte
184:Ferdinand Magellan
140:ecclesiastical law
126:. He entered the
97:
34:list of references
1136:Italian explorers
867:Carlo Amoretti, D
658:Antonio Pigafetta
533:Laurence Bergreen
517:F.H.H. Guillemard
412:The Genoese Pilot
396:Antonio Pigafetta
344:Jacques N. Bellin
336:Armada de Molucca
223:Leonardo da Vinci
176:Antonio Pigafetta
87:
86:
79:
1153:
1092:
1090:
1088:
1081:978-8-81200032-6
1061:"Carlo Amoretti"
1057:De Felice, Renzo
996:
986:
976:
975:on 11 June 2007.
971:. Archived from
957:
937:Carlo Amoretti,
930:Carlo Amoretti,
917:Carlo Amoretti,
910:Carlo Amoretti,
903:Carlo Amoretti,
896:Carlo Amoretti,
888:Carlo Amoretti,
881:Carlo Amoretti,
874:Carlo Amoretti,
860:Carlo Amoretti,
853:Carlo Amoretti,
846:Carlo Amoretti,
839:Carlo Amoretti,
832:Carlo Amoretti,
825:Carlo Amoretti,
818:Carlo Amoretti,
811:Carlo Amoretti,
804:Carlo Amoretti,
793:Carlo Amoretti,
786:Carlo Amoretti,
779:Carlo Amoretti,
772:Carlo Amoretti,
764:Carlo Amoretti,
757:Carlo Amoretti,
749:Carlo Amoretti,
737:
727:
717:
707:
697:
568:'s version) but
201:renamed in 1778
182:of the world by
180:circumnavigation
82:
75:
71:
68:
62:
57:this article by
48:inline citations
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521:Andrea da Mosto
505:Limasawa=Mazaua
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305:Martin Torodash
301:Donald D. Brand
268:
266:Garbled edition
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240:(Milan, 1814).
232:(Milan, 1808),
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203:Opuscoli scelti
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53:Please help
45:
1121:1816 deaths
1116:1741 births
625:Coast Pilot
604:Amoretti's
172:art history
164:paleography
128:Augustinian
59:introducing
1110:Categories
537:de rigueur
259:Biblioteca
186:'s fleet.
636:Limasawa.
390:The word
358:Limassava
340:Limassava
282:Europeana
212:Polygraph
168:geography
124:scientist
1087:19 April
1059:(1961).
742:Amoretti
631:Gatighan
617:Limasawa
610:Gatighan
606:Limasaua
593:Limasawa
578:Limasawa
570:Limasawa
489:Limasawa
475:Gatighan
471:Limasawa
467:Dimasawa
455:Dimasaua
451:Gatighan
439:Dimasaua
392:Limasawa
366:Limasawa
152:theology
946:Sources
752:Cighera
679:Kries.)
332:Mazzaua
324:Massana
278:Behain.
219:Cighera
160:geology
156:physics
116:scholar
108:Imperia
104:Oneglia
55:improve
1078:
652:, 1778
621:Mazaua
597:Mazaua
582:Butuan
562:Butuan
558:Mazaua
541:Mazaua
493:Mazaua
431:Mazaua
410:, and
376:Mazaua
370:Mazaua
362:Mazaua
328:Mazaua
303:, and
170:, and
122:, and
120:writer
985:(PDF)
891:Labus
634:into
195:Milan
191:Parma
136:Parma
132:Pavia
40:, or
1089:2019
1076:ISBN
491:and
469:and
291:and
134:and
619:is
447:not
330:or
1112::
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65:(
51:.
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