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1460:... a limestone cavern known as the Carlsbad Cave, of extraordinary proportions and of unusual beauty and variety of natural decoration; ... beyond the spacious chambers that have been explored, other vast chambers of unknown character and dimensions exist; ... the several chambers contain stalactites, stalagmites, and other formations in such unusual number, size, beauty of form, and variety of figure as to make this a cavern equal, if not superior, in both scientific and popular interest to the better known caves ...
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broke through into a room in 1986. Over 120 miles (190 km) of cave passage has been explored and mapped. It has been mapped to a depth of 1,600 feet (490 m), making it the second deepest limestone cave in the U.S. To protect the fragile environment, access is limited to permitted scientific expeditions only.
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with landscaping, picnic tables, and wildlife habitats. As a wooded riparian area in the desert, it is home to remarkable variety of birds; over 300 species have been recorded. About 500 species have been recorded in the whole state of New Mexico. Rattlesnake
Springs is designated a historic district
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The
Mexican free-tailed bats are present from April or May to late October or early November. They emerge in a dense group, corkscrewing upwards and counterclockwise, usually starting around sunset and lasting about three hours. (Jim White decided to investigate the caverns when he saw the bats from
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is well known for its delicate speleothems and pristine underground environment. Guano mining occurred in the pit below the entrance in the 1910s. After gaining permission from the national park managers to dig into a rubble pile where wind whistled between the rocks when the weather changed, cavers
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Until 1932, visitors to the cavern had to walk down a switchback ramp that took them 750 feet (230 m) below the surface. The walk back up was tiring for some. In 1932 the national park opened up a large visitor center building that contained two elevators that would take visitors in and out of
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The park contains over 119 caves. Three caves are open to public tours. Carlsbad
Caverns is the most famous and is fully developed with electric lights, paved trails, and elevators. Slaughter Canyon Cave and Spider Cave are undeveloped, except for designated paths for the guided "adventure" caving
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The
Bottomless Pit was originally said to have no bottom. Stones were tossed into it, but no sound of the stones striking the bottom was heard. Later exploration revealed the bottom was about 140 feet (43 m) deep and covered with soft dirt. The stones made no sound when they struck the bottom
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In 2018, a team of women explorers squeezed through a tiny passageway in the fourth-largest room (the
Mystery Room) to discover never-before-surveyed areas of the cavern. Calling themselves the Twisted Sisters, they added names to the map of the Carlsbad Cavern, such as the Tomb of the Sky Bears,
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attached, the explorers, (after several tries over several years), floated a lightweight cord up, over the target stalagmite, and back down to the ground. Then they pulled a climbing rope into position, and the explorers ascended into what they named The Spirit World. A similar, smaller room was
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On
October 31, 2013, a cave technician exploring the Spirit World area discovered a new chamber hundreds of feet up from the main area; it was named "Halloween Hall" after the date of its discovery. The room's diameter is about 100 feet (30 m), and more than 1,000 bat bones were discovered
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weekend through the middle of
October. Optimal viewing normally occurs in July and August when the current year bat pups first join the flight of adult bats. Morning programs are also hosted pre-dawn to witness the return of bats into the cave. Once a year, a bat flight breakfast is held where
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explored the cavern with a homemade wire ladder. He named many of the rooms, including the Big Room, New Mexico Room, Kings Palace, Queens
Chamber, Papoose Room, and Green Lake Room. He also named many of the cave's more prominent formations, such as the Totem Pole, Witch's Finger, Giant Dome,
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Ladies’ Lament, and
Wriggler’s Relief. They also mapped the second-deepest part of Carlsbad Cavern, Lake of Muddy Misery, which is only 13 feet (4 m) higher than Lake of the Clouds. Continued exploration by volunteers has pushed the total surveyed length of Carlsbad Cavern to almost 40 miles.
546:. Changes in the ambient air temperature and rainfall affect the rate of growth of speleothems, as higher temperatures increase carbon dioxide production rates within the overlying soil. The color of the speleothems is determined by the trace constituents in the minerals of the formation.
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a distance and at first thought they were a volcano or a whirlwind.) Every early evening from
Memorial Day weekend to mid October (with possible exceptions for bad weather), a ranger gives a talk on the bats while visitors sitting in the amphitheater wait to watch the bats emerge.
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chamber, named simply the Big Room, which is almost 4,000 ft (1,220 m) long, 625 ft (191 m) wide, and 255 ft (78 m) high at its highest point. The Big Room is the largest chamber in North America and the 32nd largest in the world.
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Throughout the year, star parties are hosted by the park at night. Rangers host informational programs on the celestial night sky and telescopes are also made available. These parties are often held in conjunction with special astronomical events, such as a
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One of the extra events hosted by the park is the bat flight viewing. A program is given in the early evening at the amphitheater near the main entrance prior to the start of the flight, which varies with the sunset time. Flight programs are scheduled from
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Many techniques have been used to estimate the bat population in the cave. The most recent and most successful of these attempts involved the use of thermal imaging cameras to track and count the bats. A count from 2005 estimated a peak of 793,000.
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In 1993, a series of small passages totaling nearly a mile in combined length was found in the ceiling of the New Mexico Room. Named "Chocolate High", it was the largest discovery in the cave since the Guadalupe Room was found in 1966.
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The lowest known point in the cave. It is located in a side passage off the Left Hand Tunnel. It is named for its large lake containing globular, cloud-like rock formations that formed underwater when the lake level was much
1622:-colored pool in the corner of the room. In the early 1960s, when the military was testing the feasibility of Carlsbad Cavern as an emergency fallout shelter, the Green Lake was used to look for ripples caused by a
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An estimated 250 million years ago, the area surrounding Carlsbad Caverns National Park served as the coastline for an inland sea. Present in the sea was a plethora of marine life, whose remains formed a
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began to be deposited within the cavern. Erosion above ground created the natural entrance to the Carlsbad Caverns within the last million years. Exposure to the surface has allowed for the influx of
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into the cavern. Rainwater and snowmelt percolating downward into the ground pick up carbon dioxide; once this water reaches a cavern ceiling, it precipitates and evaporates, leaving behind a small
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1890:. It has been estimated that the population of Mexican free-tailed bats once numbered in the millions but has declined drastically in modern times. The cause of this decline is unknown, but use of
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Located in the ceiling of the Big Room at its highest point (an area known as the Top of the Cross), this area is filled with white stalagmites that resembled angels to the room's discoverers.
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A long, straight passage marked by deep fissures in the floor. These fissures are not known to lead anywhere. The Left-Hand Tunnel leads to the Lake of the Clouds and the Bell Cord Room.
530:. Additionally, water on the floor of the caverns can contain carbonic acid and generate mineral deposits by evaporation. Growths from the floor upward through this process are known as
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In 1985 a distinctive method of exploration was invented. In a dome area 255 feet (78 m) above the Big Room floor not far from the Bottomless Pit, a stalagmite leaned out. Using a
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Located in the Big Room at the head of the Left Hand Tunnel. It contains a cafeteria that was built in the 1950s, and is where the elevators from the visitor center exit into the cave.
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A large, sloping room located off the Queen's Chamber, named for an unexplained heartbeat-like noise heard only here. A small vertical passage at the far end connects it to Lower Cave.
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Discovered in 1982, it is located in the ceiling above Lake of the Clouds. Its name refers to a Norse myth about a world in the sky that was accessed from Earth by a rainbow (the "
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A large, unadorned rocky passage connected to the main entrance corridor. The majority of the cave's bat population lives in this portion of the cave, which was mined for bat
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A maze of small passages totalling nearly a mile (1500 m) in combined length, discovered in 1993 above a mud-filled pit in the New Mexico Room known as Chocolate Drop.
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Located in the ceiling above the main entrance hall, this small room was first accessed by tying a rope to a bunch of balloons and floating them into the passage.
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Ten hiking trails and an unpaved drive provide access to the desert scenery and ecosystem. The developed portion around the cave entrance has been designated as
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Carlsbad Caverns had an average annual visitation of about 410,000 in the period from 2007 to 2016. Peak visitation usually occurs on the weekends following
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coming through a hole in the ceiling, resembling the rope coming through the roof of a belfry. This room is located at the end of the Left Hand Tunnel.
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in 1995. According to The Travel, it is renowned globally for being "one of the most accessible and best-preserved cave complexes in the world".
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Discovered by a park ranger in 1966, this is the second largest room in Carlsbad Caverns. It is known for its dense collection of "soda straw"
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within the cave is a confirmation of the occurrence of this process, as it is a byproduct of the reaction between sulfuric acid and limestone.
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A section of fissures east of the White Giant formation and paralleling the Bat Cave. New discoveries are still being made in this section.
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The first of four chambers in a wing known as the "scenic rooms", it is named for a large castle-like formation in the center of the room.
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S) began to seep upwards from the petroleum into the groundwater. The combination of hydrogen sulfide and oxygen from the water formed
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Carlsbad Cavern. Visitors to the cave can hike in on their own via the natural entrance or take an elevator from the visitor center.
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Pawlowski, Andrew C.; Wang, Wenliang; Koteva, Kalinka; Barton, Hazel A.; McArthur, Andrew G.; Wright, Gerard D. (December 2016).
1941:
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1600:"). The room was given this name because of its location above the Lake of the Clouds and its colorful oxide-stained formations.
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April 2, 1924 – President Calvin Coolidge issued an executive order (3984) for a possible national park or monument at the site.
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507:. The sulfuric acid then continued upward, aggressively dissolving the limestone deposits to form caverns. The presence of
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May 3, 1928 – a supplemental executive order (4870) was issued reserving additional land for the possible monument or park.
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above groundwater level. During cavern development, it was within the groundwater zone. Deep below the limestones are
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Discovered in 2019, a room under the Guadalupe Room with gypsum rinds and selenite blades similar to those found in
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A large chamber containing a large, white stalagmite. Rangers regularly lead special wild-cave tours to this room.
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weekend. Camping is permitted in the back country of the park, but a permit is required from the visitor center.
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A room roughly 30 feet in length located above the Spirit World. Named for its discovery on October 31, 2013.
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within the park. These provide evidence that antibiotic resistance is ancient and widespread in bacteria.
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3151:"National Register of Historic Place Inventory - Nomination Form: Rattlesnake Springs Historic District"
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The town of Carlsbad, which lends its name to the cavern and national park, is in turn named after the
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lantern went out in this chamber while he was exploring, and he was in the dark for over half an hour.
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Some of the following rooms are not open to the public because of inaccessibility and safety issues.
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2678:"Cave History Update #8, December 15, 2003: 18th Anniversary of Spirit World Exploration at Caverns"
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573:
Climate data for Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1935–present
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The largest chamber in Carlsbad Caverns, with a floor space of 357,469 square feet (33,210 m).
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The cave is well-known for its many calcite formations such as this column and array of stalactites
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3088:"National Register of Historic Places Inventory - Nomination Form: The Caverns Historic District"
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the caverns below. The new center included a cafeteria, waiting room, museum and first aid area.
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found in the main entrance corridor, and was named Balloon Ballroom in honor of this technique.
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2514:"Jimmy Carter – National Parks and Recreation Act of 1978 Statement on Signing S. 791 Into Law"
1922:
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Three-dimensional map of Carlsbad Cavern made for the Park brochure. Art by Robert Hynes / NPS
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Located adjacent to the Green Lake Room and accessed by means of a somewhat narrow corridor.
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Mexican free-tailed bats emerging from the natural entrance and flying to the nearest water
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In 1930, Carlsbad Caverns was established as a national park and was also recognized as a
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2992:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park: Bat Research: How many bats and other common questions"
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2704:"'Halloween Hall' at Carlsbad Caverns is biggest area discovered in more than 25 years"
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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have been discovered in the isolated and little-visited
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1961:(IBA). The natural entrance to the caverns is also an IBA because of its colony of
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deposit. Growths from the roof downward formed through this process are known as
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Bottomless Pit, Fairyland, Iceberg Rock, Temple of the Sun, and Rock of Ages.
539:
431:, uplifting the reef above ground. Susceptible to erosion, water sculpted the
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visitors can eat breakfast at the park prior to the morning return of bats.
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signed a proclamation (1679-October 25, 1923-43 Stat. 1929) establishing
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incorporates the story about White's discovery of the caves in his novel
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3230:"Antibiotic resistant bacteria discovered in isolated New Mexico cave"
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3138:(Third ed.). New Mexico Ornithological Society. pp. 2, 251.
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USGS 3D Photographic Geology Tour for Carlsbad Caverns National Park
3042:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park – Brazilian Free-Tail Bat Outflight"
2790:
1902:) is likely a contributor. A study published in 2009 by a team from
1683:
A moderate-sized room located past the Talcum Passage in Lower Cave.
2327:"U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Carlsbad Caverns, NM"
1713:
Widely regarded as the most beautiful and scenic area of the cave.
359:, helping to ensure no future changes will be made to the habitat.
3301:
NPS brochure and guide "Carlsbad Caverns National Park" 1939 (pdf)
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NPS brochure and guide "Carlsbad Caverns National Park" 1933 (pdf)
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New Mexico Department of Energy, Minerals, and Natural Resources
3174:"A diverse intrinsic antibiotic resistome from a cave bacterium"
2439:"Carlsbad Cave National Monument – Supplemental Executive Order"
1906:
questions whether millions of bats ever existed in the caverns.
408:
5156:
La Fortaleza and San Juan National Historic Site in Puerto Rico
4923:
4131:
3309:
355:. Approximately two-thirds of the park has been set aside as a
2022:
List of areas in the National Park System of the United States
1895:
1883:
519:
1618:
The uppermost of the "Scenic Rooms", it is named for a deep,
1382:
A ladder used by the first explorers in the Carlsbad Caverns.
2813:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park; Slaughter Canyon Cave Tour"
2307:. Missouri Department of Natural Resources. February 9, 2011
1729:
A room located in Lower Cave where the floor is coated with
227:
2281:. National Park Service / U.S. Department of the Interior
2252:. National Park Service / U.S. Department of the Interior
5082:
Kluane-Wrangell–St. Elias-Glacier Bay-Tatshenshini-Alsek
2967:"Carlsbad's 8 million 'lost' bats likely never existed"
2219:"Surface Geology: From living reef to desert mountains"
534:. Different formations of speleothems include columns,
467:
Carlsbad Caverns National Park is situated in a bed of
3134:
Parmeter, John; Neville, Bruce; Emkalns, Doug (2002).
1707:
Located between the King's Palace and Queen's Chamber.
514:
Once the acidic groundwater drained from the caverns,
107:
79:
3020:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park - Bat Flight Program"
2375:, May 1932, drawings of visitor center and elevators
2370:"Elevators Whisk Tourist to Bottom of 750-Foot Cave"
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5138:
The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright
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2414:"Carlsbad Cave National Monument – Executive Order"
2164:"What to know about Carlsbad Caverns National Park"
339:, approximately 18 miles (29 km) southwest of
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2864:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park: Lechuguilla Cave"
2835:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park; Spider Cave Tour"
2489:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park – Executive Order"
2128:"The Largest Underground Chambers by Surface Area"
558:system, the Carlsbad Caverns Visitor Center has a
2936:"Why Are We Losing Our Mexican Free-tailed Bats?"
2329:. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2077:"Annual Visitation Report by Years: 2009 to 2019"
4514:List of National Natural Landmarks in New Mexico
2130:. Archived from the original on January 21, 2013
1543:Rock of Ages in the Big Room, c. 1941; photo by
442:Fossils from the Capitan Reef in Carlsbad Cavern
3282:Fly-through of Historic Carlsbad Caverns Stairs
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2052:. Land Resource Division, National Park Service
1465:Proclamation 1679, Oct. 25, 1923, 43 Stat. 1929
1458:
4935:
4143:
3321:
2389:"Creation of Carlsbad Cave National Monument"
2017:U.S. Forest Service Blanchard Springs Caverns
1504:reserving additional land for classification.
8:
1739:One of the larger rooms in Lower Cave. Many
324:. The primary attraction of the park is the
4114:List of national parks of the United States
2908:
2906:
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2852:
2464:"Creation of Carlsbad Cavern National Park"
1842:because they were lodged in the soft soil.
479:). At a time near the end of the Cenozoic,
4942:
4928:
4920:
4150:
4136:
4128:
3328:
3314:
3306:
3113:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park - Animals"
2027:List of longest caves in the United States
569:
31:
27:National Park in New Mexico, United States
5257:World Heritage Sites in the United States
5237:Limestone formations of the United States
5112:Waterton-Glacier International Peace Park
4951:World Heritage Sites in the United States
3205:
2186:
2184:
5262:Protected areas of the Chihuahuan Desert
2349:"NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Midland"
2279:Cave Geology: Dissolution and decoration
2250:Cave Geology: Dissolution and decoration
2194:Cave Geology: Dissolution and decoration
2047:"Listing of acreage – December 31, 2011"
2518:University of California, Santa Barbara
2038:
2914:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park: Bats"
2771:from the original on December 14, 2021
2141:
1957:has designated Rattlesnake Springs an
1371:Elevator house, ca. 1933–42; photo by
5222:Natural history museums in New Mexico
2590:"NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report"
2383:
2381:
2064:National Park Service Acreage Reports
353:Rattlesnake Springs Historic District
288:
278:
261:
253:
245:
236:
7:
5232:Landforms of Eddy County, New Mexico
2889:"Deepest cave discovered in the Bob"
2759:"Carlsbad Cavern - 8-Day Expedition"
2757:Bristol, Derek (December 22, 2019).
2738:from the original on October 4, 2021
2706:. Current-Argus News. Archived from
2702:Jonathan Smith (November 15, 2013).
1951:National Register of Historic Places
397:Diorama of life on the Capitan Reef.
345:National Register of Historic Places
126:
5247:Protected areas established in 1930
3337:National parks of the United States
3254:The National Parks: Index 2001–2003
1562:Outside the entrance to the caverns
1355:Source 2: National Weather Service
458:Carlsbad Caverns National Park sign
435:region into its present-day state.
5217:Museums in Eddy County, New Mexico
1603:Big Room or The Hall of the Giants
427:movement occurred during the late
411:. Unlike modern reef growths, the
343:. The park has two entries on the
314:national park of the United States
25:
5242:1930 establishments in New Mexico
1982:Guadalupe Mountains National Park
1886:live in the park, including many
1513:National Parks and Recreation Act
362:Carlsbad Cavern includes a large
5207:Parks in Eddy County, New Mexico
4101:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3983:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3955:
3948:
3941:
3934:
3927:
3920:
3913:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3864:
3857:
3850:
3843:
3836:
3829:
3822:
3815:
3808:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3780:
3773:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3724:
3717:
3710:
3703:
3696:
3689:
3682:
3675:
3668:
2791:"Carlsbad Caverns National Park"
1965:, possibly the world's largest.
1755:
331:The park entrance is located on
106:
99:
78:
71:
54:
5227:Show caves in the United States
5077:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park
3258:U.S. Department of the Interior
3149:Swanson, Betsy (October 1986).
1626:many miles away. None appeared.
1453:Carlsbad Cave National Monument
196:
192:339 acres (137 ha) private
137:
87:Location in state of New Mexico
18:Carlsbad Cave National Monument
5192:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
3272:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
3086:Swanson, Betsy (August 1986).
2940:Bat Conservation International
2729:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
2565:"The heart of Carlsbad Cavern"
1483:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
310:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
228:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
35:Carlsbad Caverns National Park
1:
5212:Geology museums in New Mexico
4814:Living Desert Zoo and Gardens
4463:Fort Stanton–Snowy River Cave
4311:Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
3136:New Mexico Bird Finding Guide
2722:"Cave Exploration Milestones"
1940:A detached part of the park,
1935:The Caverns Historic District
1766:Panorama of cavern's interior
1515:(95-625) signed by President
1477:May 14, 1930 – an act of the
1447:October 25, 1923 – President
1186:Average snowfall inches (cm)
556:Köppen climate classification
349:The Caverns Historic District
189:46,766 acres (18,926 ha)
118:Show map of the United States
115:Location in the United States
5252:National parks in New Mexico
4486:Organ Mountains–Desert Peaks
3378:Black Canyon of the Gunnison
2539:"Big Room Self-Guided Route"
382:For details on the region's
4450:National Conservation Areas
1509:Carlsbad Caverns Wilderness
1481:(46 Stat. 279) established
1410:town formerly known by the
1256:Average precipitation days
902:Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
762:Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
5278:
5072:Grand Canyon National Park
4506:National Natural Landmarks
2351:. National Weather Service
2012:Mammoth Cave National Park
1944:Picnic Area, is a natural
1580:in the early 20th century.
1496:June 17, 1930 – President
1386:In 1898, a teenager named
1354:
1349:
572:
381:
240:UNESCO World Heritage Site
209:440,691 (in 2019)
5164:
5117:Yellowstone National Park
4902:
4397:National Wildlife Refuges
4280:National Recreation Areas
4194:National Historical Parks
4111:
3664:
3343:
2148:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1992:White Sands National Park
1892:organochlorine pesticides
1586:Named for a long, narrow
1511:was established with the
1487:Secretary of the Interior
1302:
1255:
1185:
1111:
1041:
971:
901:
831:
761:
691:
621:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
580:
577:
303:
299:
65:
53:
39:
4859:Rio Grande Nature Center
1955:National Audubon Society
1888:Mexican free-tailed bats
1489:and administered by the
4481:Kasha-Katuwe Tent Rocks
4270:Salinas Pueblo Missions
3153:. National Park Service
3115:. National Park Service
3090:. National Park Service
3044:. National Park Service
3022:. National Park Service
2997:. National Park Service
2916:. National Park Service
2837:. National Park Service
2815:. National Park Service
2793:. National Park Service
2683:. National Park Service
2655:National Park Service.
2633:National Park Service.
2613:"Fees and Reservations"
2611:National Park Service.
2592:. National Park Service
2217:National Park Service.
2191:National Park Service,
2103:"History & Culture"
2083:. National Park Service
2007:Wind Cave National Park
1743:are found in this area.
1639:Hall of the White Giant
1422:) and now known by the
477:Mid-Continent Oil Field
132:Eddy County, New Mexico
5122:Yosemite National Park
5034:University of Virginia
4685:Wild and Scenic Rivers
4473:BLM National Monuments
3067:. PBS Weekend Explorer
3065:"Carlsbad, New Mexico"
2891:. Missoula Independent
1987:Big Bend National Park
1930:
1879:
1781:
1563:
1555:
1547:
1533:
1485:to be directed by the
1479:United States Congress
1468:
1430:, both of which mean "
1383:
1375:
560:cool semi-arid climate
475:reserves (part of the
459:
451:
443:
398:
170:32.17528°N 104.44389°W
90:Show map of New Mexico
5092:Olympic National Park
5018:Great Smoky Mountains
4824:Mesilla Valley Bosque
4693:East Fork Jemez River
4491:Prehistoric Trackways
3483:Great Smoky Mountains
3178:Nature Communications
2710:on November 18, 2013.
2569:Rocky Mountain Caving
2543:National Park Service
2493:National Park Service
2468:National Park Service
2443:National Park Service
2418:National Park Service
2393:National Park Service
2107:National Park Service
1925:
1882:Seventeen species of
1877:
1779:
1746:Underground Lunchroom
1561:
1553:
1542:
1531:
1491:National Park Service
1381:
1370:
972:Mean minimum °F (°C)
692:Mean maximum °F (°C)
457:
449:
441:
423:and other sediments.
396:
218:National Park Service
5044:San Antonio Missions
4496:Rio Grande del Norte
4260:Gila Cliff Dwellings
2946:on February 26, 2021
2635:"Bat Flight Program"
2305:Missouri State Parks
1507:November 10, 1978 –
1502:Executive Order 5370
622:Record high °F (°C)
341:Carlsbad, New Mexico
175:32.17528; -104.44389
143:Carlsbad, New Mexico
5197:Caves of New Mexico
4844:Oliver Lee Memorial
4789:Elephant Butte Lake
4379:National Grasslands
3488:Guadalupe Mountains
3443:Gates of the Arctic
3198:10.1038/ncomms13803
3190:2016NatCo...713803P
1959:Important Bird Area
1942:Rattlesnake Springs
1772:Tourist information
1442:Legislative history
1303:Average snowy days
1042:Record low °F (°C)
832:Daily mean °F (°C)
372:World Heritage Site
318:Guadalupe Mountains
214:Governing body
166: /
5131:Multiple locations
4595:Chama River Canyon
4524:National Preserves
4222:National monuments
3643:Wrangell–St. Elias
3618:Theodore Roosevelt
2657:"Night Sky Events"
2272:"Carlsbad Caverns"
2243:"Carlsbad Caverns"
1931:
1880:
1817:Recent exploration
1782:
1657:Lake of the Clouds
1564:
1556:
1548:
1534:
1418:(English spelling
1384:
1376:
460:
452:
444:
433:Guadalupe Mountain
399:
280:Reference no.
5174:
5173:
5102:Papahānaumokuākea
5032:
4972:Statue of Liberty
4967:Independence Hall
4917:
4916:
4819:Manzano Mountains
4580:Capitan Mountains
4575:Bosque del Apache
4410:Bosque del Apache
4339:Apache–Sitgreaves
4316:Old Spanish Trail
4207:Manhattan Project
4125:
4124:
3498:Hawaiʻi Volcanoes
2545:. August 15, 2005
2002:McKittrick Canyon
1997:Caverns of Sonora
1918:Other attractions
1904:Boston University
1846:inside the room.
1624:nuclear bomb test
1554:On the tour route
1359:
1358:
554:According to the
524:calcium carbonate
307:
306:
275:
139:Nearest city
16:(Redirected from
5269:
5187:IUCN Category II
5062:Carlsbad Caverns
5030:
4944:
4937:
4930:
4921:
4734:Bottomless Lakes
4625:Manzano Mountain
4585:Carlsbad Caverns
4331:National Forests
4179:Carlsbad Caverns
4152:
4145:
4138:
4129:
4105:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4050:
4043:
4036:
4029:
4022:
4015:
4008:
4001:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3973:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3805:
3798:
3791:
3784:
3777:
3770:
3763:
3756:
3749:
3742:
3735:
3728:
3721:
3714:
3707:
3700:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3672:
3583:Petrified Forest
3478:Great Sand Dunes
3398:Carlsbad Caverns
3330:
3323:
3316:
3307:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3236:. April 18, 2012
3226:
3220:
3219:
3209:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3160:
3158:
3146:
3140:
3139:
3131:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3120:
3109:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3083:
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3060:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3016:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2996:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2971:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2942:. Archived from
2932:
2926:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2910:
2901:
2900:
2898:
2896:
2885:
2879:
2878:
2876:
2874:
2860:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2787:
2781:
2780:
2778:
2776:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2737:
2726:
2718:
2712:
2711:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2688:
2682:
2674:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2663:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2641:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2608:
2602:
2601:
2599:
2597:
2586:
2580:
2579:
2577:
2575:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2550:
2535:
2529:
2528:
2526:
2524:
2510:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2474:
2460:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2449:
2435:
2429:
2428:
2426:
2424:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2399:
2385:
2376:
2367:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2356:
2345:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2276:
2268:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2247:
2239:
2233:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2223:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2199:
2188:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2160:
2154:
2153:
2147:
2139:
2137:
2135:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2113:
2099:
2093:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2073:
2067:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2051:
2043:
1970:Lechuguilla Cave
1926:Carlsbad Cavern
1863:Lechuguilla Cave
1811:transit of Venus
1759:
1675:Lechuguilla Cave
1670:Lil' Lechuguilla
1664:Left Hand Tunnel
1567:Balloon Ballroom
1466:
1306:
1259:
570:
495:S + 2O
481:hydrogen sulfide
450:Natural entrance
320:of southeastern
269:
193:
181:
180:
178:
177:
176:
171:
167:
164:
163:
162:
159:
119:
110:
109:
103:
91:
82:
81:
75:
58:
32:
21:
5277:
5276:
5272:
5271:
5270:
5268:
5267:
5266:
5202:Limestone caves
5177:
5176:
5175:
5170:
5160:
5142:
5126:
5048:
4999:
4976:
4953:
4948:
4918:
4913:
4898:
4879:Sugarite Canyon
4869:Santa Rosa Lake
4779:Eagle Nest Lake
4754:Cimarron Canyon
4749:Cerrillos Hills
4717:
4679:
4655:Sandia Mountain
4650:San Pedro Parks
4600:Columbine–Hondo
4565:Bisti/De-Na-Zin
4536:
4518:
4500:
4467:
4444:
4391:
4373:
4325:
4303:National Trails
4297:
4274:
4240:Capulin Volcano
4216:
4188:
4165:
4159:Protected areas
4156:
4126:
4121:
4107:
4106:
4100:
4093:
4086:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4058:
4051:
4044:
4037:
4030:
4023:
4016:
4009:
4002:
3995:
3988:
3981:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3953:
3946:
3939:
3932:
3925:
3918:
3911:
3904:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3876:
3869:
3862:
3855:
3848:
3841:
3834:
3827:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3662:
3568:New River Gorge
3548:Lassen Volcanic
3418:Cuyahoga Valley
3403:Channel Islands
3339:
3334:
3270:Official site:
3267:
3250:
3249:
3239:
3237:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3156:
3154:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3133:
3132:
3128:
3118:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3103:
3093:
3091:
3085:
3084:
3080:
3070:
3068:
3062:
3061:
3057:
3047:
3045:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2965:Susan Millius.
2964:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2919:
2917:
2912:
2911:
2904:
2894:
2892:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2872:
2870:
2862:
2861:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2774:
2772:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2735:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2686:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2671:
2661:
2659:
2654:
2653:
2649:
2639:
2637:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2617:
2615:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2573:
2571:
2563:
2562:
2558:
2548:
2546:
2537:
2536:
2532:
2522:
2520:
2512:
2511:
2507:
2497:
2495:
2487:
2486:
2482:
2472:
2470:
2462:
2461:
2457:
2447:
2445:
2437:
2436:
2432:
2422:
2420:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2397:
2395:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2373:Popular Science
2368:
2364:
2354:
2352:
2347:
2346:
2342:
2332:
2330:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2255:
2253:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2172:
2170:
2162:
2161:
2157:
2140:
2133:
2131:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2086:
2084:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2055:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2040:
2035:
1978:
1920:
1872:
1856:
1819:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1760:
1710:Queen's Chamber
1692:New Mexico Room
1615:Green Lake Room
1526:
1467:
1464:
1449:Calvin Coolidge
1444:
1400:I'm Not Stiller
1365:
1360:
1350:Source 1: NOAA
1304:
1257:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1036:
1031:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
896:
891:
886:
881:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
826:
821:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
776:
771:
766:
756:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
726:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
552:
506:
502:
498:
494:
486:
465:
415:reef contained
404:
391:
380:
357:wilderness area
242:
191:
190:
174:
172:
168:
165:
160:
157:
155:
153:
152:
123:
122:
121:
120:
117:
116:
113:
112:
111:
94:
93:
92:
89:
88:
85:
84:
83:
61:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5275:
5273:
5265:
5264:
5259:
5254:
5249:
5244:
5239:
5234:
5229:
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5179:
5178:
5172:
5171:
5165:
5162:
5161:
5159:
5158:
5152:
5150:
5144:
5143:
5141:
5140:
5134:
5132:
5128:
5127:
5125:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5099:
5097:Pueblo de Taos
5094:
5089:
5084:
5079:
5074:
5069:
5064:
5058:
5056:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5036:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5009:
5007:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4997:
4992:
4986:
4984:
4978:
4977:
4975:
4974:
4969:
4963:
4961:
4955:
4954:
4949:
4947:
4946:
4939:
4932:
4924:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4911:
4903:
4900:
4899:
4897:
4896:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4876:
4871:
4866:
4861:
4856:
4851:
4846:
4841:
4836:
4831:
4826:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4729:Bluewater Lake
4725:
4723:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4689:
4687:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4670:White Mountain
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4572:
4567:
4562:
4557:
4552:
4546:
4544:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4534:
4532:Valles Caldera
4528:
4526:
4520:
4519:
4517:
4516:
4510:
4508:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4493:
4488:
4483:
4477:
4475:
4469:
4468:
4466:
4465:
4460:
4454:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4443:
4442:
4437:
4432:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4401:
4399:
4393:
4392:
4390:
4389:
4383:
4381:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4335:
4333:
4327:
4326:
4324:
4323:
4321:Santa Fe Trail
4318:
4313:
4307:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4296:
4295:
4284:
4282:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4226:
4224:
4218:
4217:
4215:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4198:
4196:
4190:
4189:
4187:
4186:
4181:
4175:
4173:
4171:National Parks
4167:
4166:
4157:
4155:
4154:
4147:
4140:
4132:
4123:
4122:
4112:
4109:
4108:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4059:
4052:
4045:
4038:
4031:
4024:
4017:
4010:
4003:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3975:
3968:
3961:
3954:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3926:
3919:
3912:
3905:
3898:
3891:
3884:
3877:
3870:
3863:
3856:
3849:
3842:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3814:
3807:
3800:
3793:
3786:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3695:
3688:
3681:
3674:
3667:
3666:
3665:
3663:
3661:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3623:Virgin Islands
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3598:Rocky Mountain
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3573:North Cascades
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3353:American Samoa
3350:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3325:
3318:
3310:
3304:
3303:
3298:
3293:
3279:
3274:
3266:
3265:External links
3263:
3262:
3261:
3256:. Washington:
3248:
3247:
3221:
3164:
3141:
3126:
3101:
3078:
3055:
3033:
3008:
2983:
2972:. Science News
2957:
2927:
2902:
2880:
2848:
2826:
2804:
2782:
2749:
2713:
2694:
2669:
2647:
2625:
2603:
2581:
2556:
2530:
2505:
2480:
2455:
2430:
2405:
2377:
2362:
2340:
2318:
2292:
2263:
2234:
2209:
2180:
2155:
2119:
2094:
2068:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1977:
1974:
1919:
1916:
1894:(specifically
1871:
1868:
1855:
1852:
1818:
1815:
1790:Fourth of July
1773:
1770:
1762:
1761:
1754:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1747:
1744:
1737:
1734:
1727:
1726:Talcum Passage
1724:
1721:
1718:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1690:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1678:
1671:
1668:
1665:
1662:
1658:
1655:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1645:Halloween Hall
1643:
1640:
1637:
1630:
1629:Guadalupe Room
1627:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1609:Chocolate High
1607:
1604:
1601:
1598:Bifrost Bridge
1594:
1591:
1584:
1583:Bell Cord Room
1581:
1574:
1571:
1568:
1525:
1522:
1521:
1520:
1505:
1498:Herbert Hoover
1494:
1475:
1472:
1462:
1457:
1456:
1443:
1440:
1364:
1361:
1357:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1347:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:
1322:
1319:
1316:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1300:
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1287:
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1278:
1275:
1272:
1269:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1253:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1232:
1227:
1222:
1217:
1212:
1207:
1202:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1182:
1177:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
969:
968:
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
833:
829:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
803:
798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
759:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
689:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
619:
618:
615:
612:
609:
606:
603:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
575:
574:
568:
551:
548:
504:
500:
499: → H
496:
492:
484:
464:
461:
403:
400:
388:Delaware Basin
379:
376:
305:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
291:
287:
286:
281:
277:
276:
264:
260:
259:
256:
252:
251:
248:
244:
243:
238:
235:
234:
231:
230:
225:
221:
220:
215:
211:
210:
207:
203:
202:
199:
195:
194:
187:
183:
182:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
129:
125:
124:
114:
105:
104:
98:
97:
96:
95:
86:
77:
76:
70:
69:
68:
67:
66:
63:
62:
59:
51:
50:
40:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5274:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5253:
5250:
5248:
5245:
5243:
5240:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5230:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5184:
5182:
5169:
5163:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5129:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5098:
5095:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5083:
5080:
5078:
5075:
5073:
5070:
5068:
5067:Chaco Culture
5065:
5063:
5060:
5059:
5057:
5055:
5051:
5045:
5042:
5040:
5039:Poverty Point
5037:
5035:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5010:
5008:
5006:
5002:
4996:
4993:
4991:
4988:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4979:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4960:
4956:
4952:
4945:
4940:
4938:
4933:
4931:
4926:
4925:
4922:
4910:
4909:
4905:
4904:
4901:
4895:
4892:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4855:
4852:
4850:
4847:
4845:
4842:
4840:
4837:
4835:
4832:
4830:
4827:
4825:
4822:
4820:
4817:
4815:
4812:
4810:
4807:
4805:
4804:Hyde Memorial
4802:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4759:City of Rocks
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4739:Brantley Lake
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4690:
4688:
4686:
4682:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4563:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4551:
4548:
4547:
4545:
4543:
4539:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4527:
4525:
4521:
4515:
4512:
4511:
4509:
4507:
4503:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4474:
4470:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4447:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4431:
4428:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4406:
4403:
4402:
4400:
4398:
4394:
4388:
4385:
4384:
4382:
4380:
4376:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4332:
4328:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4293:
4289:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4277:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4227:
4225:
4223:
4219:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4202:Chaco Culture
4200:
4199:
4197:
4195:
4191:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4172:
4168:
4164:
4160:
4153:
4148:
4146:
4141:
4139:
4134:
4133:
4130:
4119:
4115:
4110:
4104:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3944:
3937:
3930:
3923:
3916:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3881:
3874:
3867:
3860:
3853:
3846:
3839:
3832:
3825:
3818:
3811:
3804:
3797:
3790:
3783:
3776:
3769:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3563:Mount Rainier
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3508:Indiana Dunes
3506:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3454:
3451:
3449:
3446:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3345:
3342:
3338:
3331:
3326:
3324:
3319:
3317:
3312:
3311:
3308:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:, March 2013)
3291:
3287:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3268:
3264:
3259:
3255:
3252:
3251:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3217:
3213:
3208:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3168:
3165:
3152:
3145:
3142:
3137:
3130:
3127:
3114:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3089:
3082:
3079:
3066:
3059:
3056:
3043:
3037:
3034:
3021:
3015:
3013:
3009:
2993:
2987:
2984:
2968:
2961:
2958:
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2941:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2903:
2890:
2884:
2881:
2869:
2865:
2859:
2857:
2855:
2853:
2849:
2836:
2830:
2827:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2792:
2786:
2783:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2760:
2753:
2750:
2734:
2730:
2723:
2717:
2714:
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2698:
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2648:
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2614:
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2591:
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2350:
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2328:
2322:
2319:
2306:
2302:
2301:"speleothems"
2296:
2293:
2280:
2273:
2267:
2264:
2251:
2244:
2238:
2235:
2220:
2213:
2210:
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2169:
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2042:
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2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1979:
1975:
1973:
1971:
1966:
1964:
1963:cave swallows
1960:
1956:
1952:
1947:
1943:
1938:
1936:
1929:
1924:
1917:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
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1876:
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1682:
1679:
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1669:
1666:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1653:
1651:King's Palace
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1621:
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1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
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1173:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1115:
1114:precipitation
1110:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1044:
1040:
1034:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
1009:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
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970:
964:
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954:
949:
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919:
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769:
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739:
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729:
724:
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684:
679:
674:
669:
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634:
629:
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620:
576:
571:
567:
565:
561:
557:
549:
547:
545:
541:
538:, draperies,
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
512:
510:
490:
489:sulfuric acid
482:
478:
474:
470:
463:Speleogenesis
462:
456:
448:
440:
436:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
401:
395:
389:
385:
377:
375:
373:
368:
365:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:US Highway 62
329:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
302:
298:
295:
294:North America
292:
285:
282:
273:
268:
265:
257:
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241:
232:
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219:
216:
212:
208:
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188:
184:
179:
151:
147:
144:
141:
133:
130:
102:
74:
64:
57:
52:
47:
46:national park
43:
42:IUCN category
38:
33:
30:
19:
5166:Shared with
5061:
5023:Mammoth Cave
4906:
4874:Storrie Lake
4849:Pancho Villa
4809:Leasburg Dam
4784:El Vado Lake
4774:Coyote Creek
4769:Conchas Lake
4764:Clayton Lake
4744:Caballo Lake
4665:Wheeler Peak
4660:West Malpais
4605:Cruces Basin
4550:Aldo Leopold
4440:Valle de Oro
4178:
3553:Mammoth Cave
3538:Kobuk Valley
3533:Kings Canyon
3528:Kenai Fjords
3463:Grand Canyon
3448:Gateway Arch
3433:Dry Tortugas
3423:Death Valley
3397:
3393:Capitol Reef
3383:Bryce Canyon
3253:
3238:. Retrieved
3233:
3224:
3184:(1): 13803.
3181:
3177:
3167:
3155:. Retrieved
3144:
3135:
3129:
3117:. Retrieved
3092:. Retrieved
3081:
3069:. Retrieved
3058:
3046:. Retrieved
3036:
3024:. Retrieved
2999:. Retrieved
2986:
2974:. Retrieved
2960:
2948:. Retrieved
2944:the original
2939:
2930:
2918:. Retrieved
2893:. Retrieved
2883:
2873:December 28,
2871:. Retrieved
2841:December 28,
2839:. Retrieved
2829:
2819:December 28,
2817:. Retrieved
2807:
2797:December 28,
2795:. Retrieved
2785:
2773:. Retrieved
2762:
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2728:
2716:
2708:the original
2697:
2685:. Retrieved
2672:
2660:. Retrieved
2650:
2638:. Retrieved
2628:
2616:. Retrieved
2606:
2594:. Retrieved
2584:
2572:. Retrieved
2568:
2559:
2547:. Retrieved
2533:
2521:. Retrieved
2508:
2496:. Retrieved
2483:
2471:. Retrieved
2458:
2446:. Retrieved
2433:
2421:. Retrieved
2408:
2396:. Retrieved
2372:
2365:
2353:. Retrieved
2343:
2331:. Retrieved
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2304:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2278:
2266:
2254:. Retrieved
2249:
2237:
2225:. Retrieved
2212:
2201:, retrieved
2193:
2171:. Retrieved
2168:Deseret News
2167:
2158:
2132:. Retrieved
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2097:
2085:. Retrieved
2080:
2071:
2054:. Retrieved
2041:
1967:
1939:
1932:
1928:amphitheater
1912:
1908:
1881:
1861:
1857:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1820:
1807:
1802:Memorial Day
1798:
1794:Veterans Day
1786:Memorial Day
1783:
1720:Spirit World
1704:Papoose Room
1686:Mystery Room
1680:Mabel's Room
1593:Bifrost Room
1535:
1517:Jimmy Carter
1512:
1508:
1501:
1482:
1459:
1452:
1436:
1428:Karlovy Vary
1419:
1415:
1405:
1398:
1393:
1385:
1116:inches (mm)
563:
553:
513:
466:
405:
402:Capitan Reef
369:
361:
330:
309:
308:
201:May 14, 1930
29:
5148:Territories
4884:Sumner Lake
4834:Navajo Lake
4829:Morphy Lake
4794:Fenton Lake
4722:State Parks
4698:Pecos River
4405:Bitter Lake
4230:Aztec Ruins
4184:White Sands
3648:Yellowstone
3633:White Sands
3518:Joshua Tree
3513:Isle Royale
3503:Hot Springs
3473:Great Basin
3468:Grand Teton
3458:Glacier Bay
3413:Crater Lake
3388:Canyonlands
3063:Jim White.
3001:January 26,
2976:January 26,
2950:January 26,
2920:January 26,
2895:October 23,
2574:February 9,
2311:January 26,
2285:January 26,
2256:January 26,
1854:Other caves
1741:cave pearls
1736:The Rookery
1715:Jim White's
1698:New Section
1634:stalactites
1545:Ansel Adams
1524:Named rooms
1373:Ansel Adams
1258:(≥ 0.01 in)
536:soda straws
532:stalagmites
528:stalactites
516:speleothems
198:Established
173: /
161:104°26′38″W
149:Coordinates
5181:Categories
5087:Mesa Verde
5028:Monticello
5013:Everglades
4894:Villanueva
4854:Percha Dam
4799:Heron Lake
4713:Rio Grande
4675:Withington
4645:Salt Creek
4620:Latir Peak
4570:Blue Range
4555:Apache Kid
4542:Wilderness
4458:El Malpais
4430:San Andres
4265:Petroglyph
4255:Fort Union
4245:El Malpais
4163:New Mexico
3613:Shenandoah
3558:Mesa Verde
3543:Lake Clark
3438:Everglades
3240:October 5,
3157:August 28,
3119:October 3,
3071:October 3,
3048:October 3,
3026:October 3,
2775:October 4,
2742:October 4,
2087:August 16,
2033:References
1825:loop with
1823:balsa wood
1588:stalactite
1395:Max Frisch
1305:(≥ 0.1 in)
540:helictites
421:evaporites
322:New Mexico
263:Designated
158:32°10′31″N
4959:Northeast
4864:Rockhound
4708:Rio Chama
4703:Red River
4560:Bandelier
4435:Sevilleta
4420:Las Vegas
4235:Bandelier
4118:elevation
3638:Wind Cave
3628:Voyageurs
3588:Pinnacles
3493:Haleakalā
3234:New Atlas
1620:malachite
1434:' Bath."
1388:Jim White
473:petroleum
469:limestone
417:bryozoans
364:limestone
326:show cave
258:vii, viii
4995:Hopewell
4889:Ute Lake
4640:Sabinoso
4369:Santa Fe
4354:Coronado
4250:El Morro
3653:Yosemite
3408:Congaree
3373:Biscayne
3368:Big Bend
3363:Badlands
3216:27929110
3094:June 23,
2769:Archived
2733:Archived
2687:July 13,
2662:July 14,
2640:July 14,
2618:July 14,
2596:March 6,
2549:July 13,
2523:July 13,
2498:July 13,
2473:July 13,
2448:July 13,
2423:July 13,
2398:July 13,
2227:July 13,
2203:July 13,
2173:July 17,
2144:cite web
2134:June 25,
2056:March 6,
1976:See also
1900:dieldrin
1831:balloons
1829:-filled
1788:and the
1780:Park map
1573:Bat Cave
1463:—
1420:Carlsbad
1416:Karlsbad
1112:Average
1037:(−10.2)
429:Cenozoic
425:Tectonic
351:and the
255:Criteria
206:Visitors
128:Location
5107:Redwood
5031:and the
4990:Cahokia
4982:Midwest
4590:Cebolla
4425:Maxwell
4364:Lincoln
3608:Sequoia
3603:Saguaro
3593:Redwood
3578:Olympic
3453:Glacier
3207:5155152
3186:Bibcode
2764:YouTube
2112:May 31,
2081:nps.gov
1949:on the
1859:tours.
1661:higher.
1500:signed
1432:Charles
1363:History
1241:(0.51)
1032:(−6.9)
1027:(−3.6)
1012:(15.4)
1007:(15.7)
1002:(13.8)
987:(−3.2)
982:(−6.3)
977:(−7.9)
967:(10.4)
952:(11.2)
947:(15.8)
942:(19.1)
937:(19.9)
932:(18.7)
927:(14.6)
897:(17.1)
887:(11.8)
882:(17.7)
877:(22.1)
872:(25.7)
867:(26.4)
862:(26.2)
857:(21.8)
852:(16.9)
847:(12.9)
827:(23.8)
822:(13.7)
817:(18.1)
812:(24.1)
807:(28.4)
802:(32.4)
797:(32.9)
792:(33.6)
787:(28.9)
782:(24.3)
777:(19.9)
772:(16.1)
767:(13.3)
757:(40.1)
752:(22.7)
747:(26.6)
742:(31.6)
737:(34.3)
732:(36.8)
727:(38.2)
722:(39.1)
717:(35.9)
712:(31.6)
707:(28.5)
702:(24.8)
697:(22.7)
550:Climate
544:popcorn
413:Permian
384:geology
378:Geology
316:in the
272:session
250:Natural
224:Website
5168:Canada
4415:Grulla
4349:Cibola
4344:Carson
3523:Katmai
3428:Denali
3358:Arches
3348:Acadia
3214:
3204:
2355:May 1,
2333:May 1,
2050:(XLSX)
1953:. The
1827:helium
1731:gypsum
1412:German
1251:(8.9)
1246:(5.1)
1236:(0.0)
1231:(0.0)
1226:(0.0)
1221:(0.0)
1216:(0.0)
1211:(0.0)
1206:(0.0)
1201:(0.0)
1196:(2.3)
1191:(1.0)
1181:(350)
1121:(8.1)
1107:(−20)
1102:(−17)
1097:(−13)
1057:(−12)
1052:(−20)
1047:(−20)
1022:(1.6)
1017:(9.8)
997:(6.6)
992:(0.9)
962:(1.7)
957:(5.5)
922:(9.6)
917:(5.9)
912:(2.7)
907:(0.9)
892:(7.7)
842:(9.3)
837:(7.2)
578:Month
542:, and
509:gypsum
386:, see
290:Region
270:(19th
5005:South
4839:Oasis
4635:Pecos
4630:Ojito
4387:Kiowa
4288:Jemez
4212:Pecos
2995:(PDF)
2970:(PDF)
2736:(PDF)
2725:(PDF)
2681:(PDF)
2275:(PDF)
2246:(PDF)
2222:(PDF)
2198:(PDF)
1946:oasis
1733:dust.
1578:guano
1426:name
1424:Czech
1414:name
1408:Czech
1298:49.7
1179:13.79
1176:(14)
1171:(17)
1166:(29)
1161:(74)
1156:(51)
1151:(57)
1146:(29)
1141:(32)
1136:(13)
1131:(14)
1126:(11)
1092:(−9)
1067:(−1)
1062:(−6)
755:104.1
725:100.8
720:102.3
687:(43)
682:(28)
677:(31)
672:(36)
667:(38)
662:(41)
657:(41)
652:(43)
647:(41)
642:(36)
637:(32)
632:(30)
627:(27)
617:Year
312:is a
5054:West
4615:Gila
4610:Dome
4359:Gila
4292:USFS
4116:(by
3658:Zion
3290:HAER
3286:HABS
3242:2021
3212:PMID
3159:2011
3121:2009
3096:2011
3073:2009
3050:2009
3028:2009
3003:2009
2978:2009
2952:2021
2922:2009
2897:2015
2875:2011
2843:2011
2821:2011
2799:2011
2777:2021
2744:2021
2689:2012
2664:2012
2642:2012
2620:2012
2598:2019
2576:2023
2551:2012
2525:2012
2500:2012
2475:2012
2450:2012
2425:2012
2400:2012
2357:2023
2335:2023
2313:2021
2287:2021
2258:2021
2229:2012
2205:2012
2175:2023
2150:link
2136:2020
2114:2007
2089:2020
2058:2012
1898:and
1884:bats
1870:Bats
1345:1.8
1342:0.6
1339:0.2
1336:0.0
1333:0.0
1330:0.0
1327:0.0
1324:0.0
1321:0.0
1318:0.0
1315:0.0
1312:0.5
1309:0.5
1295:3.2
1292:3.0
1289:5.1
1286:6.2
1283:6.4
1280:5.6
1277:4.8
1274:3.5
1271:2.3
1268:3.2
1265:2.7
1262:3.7
1174:0.55
1169:0.68
1164:1.16
1159:2.93
1154:2.00
1149:2.23
1144:1.16
1139:1.25
1134:0.50
1129:0.57
1124:0.44
1119:0.32
1087:(1)
1082:(8)
1077:(6)
1072:(5)
1035:13.7
1030:19.6
1025:25.5
1020:34.8
1015:49.7
1010:59.8
1005:60.3
1000:56.9
995:43.8
990:33.6
985:26.2
980:20.7
975:17.7
965:50.8
960:35.1
955:41.9
950:52.1
945:60.4
940:66.3
935:67.8
930:65.7
925:58.3
920:49.3
915:42.6
910:36.8
905:33.7
895:62.8
890:45.9
885:53.2
880:63.8
875:71.8
870:78.3
865:79.5
860:79.1
855:71.2
850:62.5
845:55.2
840:48.8
835:44.9
825:74.9
820:56.6
815:64.6
810:75.4
805:83.2
800:90.3
795:91.2
790:92.4
785:84.1
780:75.7
775:67.9
770:60.9
765:56.0
750:72.9
745:79.9
740:88.8
735:93.8
730:98.2
715:96.7
710:88.8
705:83.3
700:76.6
695:72.8
614:Dec
611:Nov
608:Oct
605:Sep
602:Aug
599:Jul
596:Jun
593:May
590:Apr
587:Mar
584:Feb
581:Jan
409:reef
267:1995
247:Type
186:Area
134:, US
44:II (
4161:of
3202:PMC
3194:doi
2868:NPS
1896:DDT
1249:3.5
1244:2.0
1239:0.2
1234:0.0
1229:0.0
1224:0.0
1219:0.0
1214:0.0
1209:0.0
1204:0.0
1199:0.0
1194:0.9
1189:0.4
685:110
665:100
660:105
655:106
650:110
645:106
566:).
520:air
491:: H
337:180
284:721
5183::
3288:,
3232:.
3210:.
3200:.
3192:.
3180:.
3176:.
3104:^
3011:^
2938:.
2905:^
2866:.
2851:^
2767:.
2761:.
2731:.
2727:.
2567:.
2541:.
2516:.
2491:.
2466:.
2441:.
2416:.
2391:.
2380:^
2303:.
2277:.
2248:.
2183:^
2166:.
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