1807:
government may deem qualified. The function of this agent shall be to see to the strictest enforcement of existing laws and disciplinary regulations ; to observe carefully the spirit which is shown by the instructors in the university in their public lectures and regular courses, and, without directly interfering in scientific matters or in the methods of teaching, to give a salutary direction to the instruction, having in view the future attitude of the students. Lastly, he shall devote unceasing attention to everything that may promote morality, good order, and outward propriety among the students.
42:
1583:
1782:: "I. The president opens the meeting at precisely 8 a.m./ II. The first rule of a learned society is silence./ III. So that no member, having made full use of his tongue, will end up in prison, muzzles will be distributed upon entry./ IV. The object of discussion, which through mature reflection should be thoroughly discussed at each meeting, will be clearly written in capital letters on a board."
1595:
1766:
1861:
2. The object of the commission shall be a joint investigation, as thorough and extensive as possible, of the facts relating to the origin and manifold ramifications of the revolutionary plots and demagogical associations directed against the existing constitution and the internal peace both of the
1845:
3. The Diet shall have the right, moreover, to suppress on its own authority, without being petitioned, such writings included in
Article I, in whatever German state they may appear, as, in the opinion of a commission appointed by it, are inimical to the honor of the union, the safety of individual
1841:
2. Each state of the union is responsible, not only to the state against which the offense is directly committed, but to the whole
Confederation, for every publication appearing under its supervision in which the honor or security of other states is infringed or their constitution or administration
1817:
3. Those laws which have for a long period been directed against secret and unauthorized societies in the universities shall be strictly enforced. These laws apply especially to that association established some years since under the name
Universal Students' Union (Allgemeine Burschenschaft), since
1810:
2. The confederated governments mutually pledge themselves to remove from the universities or other public educational institutions all teachers who, by obvious deviation from their duty, or by exceeding the limits of their functions, or by the abuse of their legitimate influence over the youthful
1806:
1. A special representative of the ruler of each state shall be appointed for each university, with appropriate instructions and extended powers, and shall reside in the place where the university is situated. This office may devolve upon the existing curator or upon any other individual whom the
1729:
The
Carlsbad Decrees had consequences not only for the rights of the member states but also for the independent academic jurisdiction that had partially been in existence for centuries. An important instrument for the application of the decrees for these and other purposes was the Mainzer
1834:
1. So long as this decree shall remain in force no publication which appears in the form of daily issues, or as a serial not exceeding twenty sheets of printed matter, shall go to press in any state of the union without the previous knowledge and approval of the state officials.
1818:
the very conception of the society implies the utterly unallowable plan of permanent fellowship and constant communication between the various universities. The duty of especial watchfulness in this matter should be impressed upon the special agents of the government.
1857:
1. Within a fortnight, reckoned from the passage of this decree, there shall convene, under the auspices of the
Confederation, in the city and federal fortress of Mainz, an extraordinary commission of investigation to consist of seven members, including the chairman.
1825:
4. No student who shall be expelled from a university by a decision of the university senate which was ratified or prompted by the agent of the government, or who shall have left the institution in order to escape expulsion shall be received in any other university.
1773:
mocking the new restrictions on the press and free expression imposed by the
Carlsbad Decrees. The sign on the wall behind the table reads: "Important question to be considered in today's meeting: 'How long will we be allowed to
1733:
An essential attribute of the decrees was that the reactionary German
Confederation understood liberal and nationalistic ideas as sedition and persecuted those spreading these ideas as demagogues. This persecution of demagogues,
1821:
The governments mutually agree that such persons as shall hereafter be shown to have remained in secret or unauthorized associations, or shall have entered such associations, shall not be admitted to any public office.
1811:
minds, or by propagating harmful doctrines hostile to public order or subversive of existing governmental institutions, shall have unmistakably proved their unfitness for the important office entrusted to them.
1798:. Reformers in many local governments were forced out and by 1820 all significant liberal and nationalistic German reform movements had come to an end. The decrees were organized into three sections.
1849:
4. When a newspaper or periodical is suppressed by a decision of the Diet, the editor thereof may not within a period of five years edit a similar publication in any state of the union.
1868:
10. The central investigating commission is to furnish the Diet from time to time with a report of the results of the investigation, which is to be carried out as speedily as possible.
1846:
states, or the maintenance of peace and quiet in
Germany. There shall be no appeal from such decisions, and the governments involved are bound to see that they are put into execution.
1838:
Writings which do not belong to one of the above-mentioned classes shall be treated according to the laws now in force, or which may be enacted, in the individual states of the union.
1862:
union and of the individual states; of the existence of which plots more or less clear evidence is to be had already, or may be produced in the course of the investigation.
1625:
1814:
No teacher who shall have been removed in this manner shall be again appointed to a position in any public institution of learning in another state of the union.
2085:
2139:
1754:
1036:
1750:
1655:
1924:
1883:
83:
2093:
George S. Williamson, "What Killed August von
Kotzebue? The Temptations of Virtue and the Political Theology of German Nationalism, 1789–1819",
1687:
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1166:
724:
1670:"), removed liberal university professors, and expanded the censorship of the press. They were aimed at quelling a growing sentiment for
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activities threatening the monarchistic order. At this time, the two outrages cited were a welcome pretext to take action.
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1913:. Edited with notes and vocabulary by Edward Manley. Norwood, Massachusetts: Allyn and Bacon. p. 211.
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on 23 March 1819, and an attempt had been made by apothecary Karl Löning on the life of
1686:
The meeting of the state's representatives was called by the
Austrian Minister of State
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The Congress of Vienna and its Legacy: War and Great Power Diplomacy after Napoleon
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1650:) were a set of reactionary restrictions introduced in the states of the
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in 1832 the persecution was renewed for the last time. Only after the
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231:
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1658:
on 20 September 1819 after a conference held in the spa town of
1391:
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1678:
which ended within a month after the resolution was passed.
1778:" The sign in the upper-right corner lists the rules of
1786:
The decrees effectively dissolved the Burschenschaften
1794:
and also provided for university inspectors and press
1722:
tendencies at German universities which might conduct
1753:of 1848 were the Carlsbad Decrees abrogated by the
1910:Lebenserinnerungen Bis zum Jahre 1850: Selections
2089:. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). pp. 347–348.
2099:, December 2000, vol. 72, issue 4, pp. 890–943
2011:"Karlsbader Beschlüsse – Untersuchungsgesetz"
1927:(in German). alt-idstein.info. Archived from
1619:
16:Decree of 1819 suppressing German nationalism
8:
1951:"Karlsbader Beschlüsse – Universitätsgesetz"
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1666:. They banned nationalist fraternities ("
1896:
1884:Wir hatten gebauet ein stattliches Haus
1879:Zur Auflösung der Jenaer Burschenschaft
30:
2050:(1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.
1710:on 1 July 1819. In the course of the
1698:had murdered the conservative writer
1167:Christian Democratic Union of Germany
725:Lectures on the Philosophy of History
7:
1990:"Karlsbader Beschlüsse – Preßgesetz"
1925:"Das Streben nach deutscher Einheit"
1688:Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich
715:Elements of the Philosophy of Right
14:
1175:Christian Social Union in Bavaria
755:Reflections of a Nonpolitical Man
2140:1819 in the German Confederation
1730:Zentraluntersuchungskommission.
1593:
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428:Monarchism in Bavaria after 1918
40:
1674:and were passed during ongoing
2047:New International Encyclopedia
1514:Die Freischwebende Intelligenz
1421:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung
1247:German National People's Party
705:Addresses to the German Nation
1:
2096:The Journal of Modern History
1738:, was especially vigorous in
1508:Criticism of multiculturalism
1286:Bibliothek des Konservatismus
805:The Concept of the Political
1503:Conservatism in Switzerland
1295:Desiderius-Erasmus-Stiftung
1190:Ecological Democratic Party
2161:
1540:Philosophical anthropology
1355:Studienzentrum Weikersheim
1336:Konrad Adenauer Foundation
1329:Institut für Staatspolitik
1322:Hans Filbinger Foundation
1302:Forum of German Catholics
1239:German Conservative Party
775:Prussianism and Socialism
2080:"Carlsbad Decrees"
2059:. London: I. B. Tauris.
2041:"Carlsbad Decrees"
1979:" Retrieved 10 June 2020
1530:Pan-European nationalism
865:Germany Abolishes Itself
22:This article is part of
2086:Encyclopædia Britannica
2075:Phillips, Walter Alison
1853:Investigating committee
1588:Conservatism portal
1498:Conservatism in Austria
1439:Süddeutsche Monatshefte
1317:Hanns Seidel Foundation
1307:Gerhard Löwenthal Prize
1231:Free Conservative Party
1218:Bavarian People's Party
1198:Family Party of Germany
1151:Alternative for Germany
765:The Decline of the West
33:Conservatism in Germany
2055:Jarrett, Mark (2013).
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2120:Censorship in Germany
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1654:by resolution of the
1648:Karlsbader Beschlüsse
1559:Theory of generations
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307:Social market economy
1977:Carlsbad Resolutions
1975:Robinson, J H, ed. "
1712:European Restoration
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855:Moral und Hypermoral
835:Fascism in Its Epoch
815:On the Marble Cliffs
409:German reunification
389:German Confederation
1761:Text of the decrees
1757:, on 2 April 1848.
1736:Demagogenverfolgung
1700:August von Kotzebue
1482:Böckenförde dilemma
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1159:Bündnis Deutschland
785:Ideology and Utopia
362:Anti-Socialist Laws
62:Christian democracy
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1714:Metternich feared
1690:after the liberal
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1226:Conservative Party
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283:Political theology
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1724:revolutionary
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246:In Treue fest
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225:Germanisation
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137:Revolutionary
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108:Paternalistic
106:
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77:Ritter School
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35:
29:
25:
21:
20:
2130:Karlovy Vary
2094:
2084:
2056:
2045:
2014:. Retrieved
2005:
1993:. Retrieved
1984:
1954:. Retrieved
1945:
1933:. Retrieved
1929:the original
1919:
1909:
1899:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1833:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1785:
1744:
1735:
1732:
1728:
1685:
1639:
1637:
1566:Überfremdung
1512:
1480:
1431:Kreuzzeitung
1340:
1255:German Party
1211:
1210:
1185:Centre Party
1145:
1017:von Radowitz
960:von Bismarck
891:Commentators
873:
863:
853:
843:
833:
823:
813:
803:
793:
783:
773:
769:(1918, 1922)
763:
753:
743:
735:Degeneration
733:
723:
713:
703:
456:Benedict XVI
395:
372:
366:
357:20 July plot
321:Subsidiarity
295:Sittlichkeit
217:
212:Gemeinschaft
211:
125:Cameralistic
94:
1905:Carl Schurz
1545:Remigration
1125:Wackenroder
1110:von Savigny
1095:Böckenförde
1067:von Westarp
970:von Gerlach
944:Politicians
616:von Salomon
423:The Junkers
262:Medievalism
239:Imperialism
204:Meritocracy
199:Aristocracy
149:Romanticism
120:Prussianism
103:Neue Rechte
89:Nationalist
2114:Categories
2029:References
1842:attacked.
1771:lithograph
1745:After the
1706:president
1682:Background
1444:Der Türmer
1100:von Gierke
1072:Wilhelm II
1047:von Storch
1032:Stresemann
1022:Rauschning
965:Fehrenbach
897:Kubitschek
698:Literature
646:Sloterdijk
337:Volksgeist
278:Patriotism
272:Organicism
267:Monarchism
219:Geopolitik
173:Principles
84:Monarchism
51:Ideologies
1935:15 August
1830:Press law
1434:(Defunct)
1387:(Defunct)
1037:vom Stein
1007:von Papen
981:Hugenberg
976:Goerdeler
907:Safranski
666:Steinbuch
591:von Ranke
541:Koselleck
506:Heidegger
476:von Galen
382:Freikorps
373:Erklärung
314:Sonderweg
179:Authority
130:Socialist
2077:(1911).
1907:(1913).
1872:See also
1720:national
1694:student
1660:Carlsbad
1458:Die Welt
1042:Stoecker
955:Ancillon
950:Adenauer
932:Weißmann
912:Sarrazin
681:Voegelin
656:Spengler
651:Spaemann
641:Sieferle
631:Schlegel
626:Schelsky
586:Plessner
486:Gogarten
95:Völkisch
57:Agrarian
24:a series
2135:Decrees
2016:10 June
1995:10 June
1956:10 June
1796:censors
1740:Prussia
1716:liberal
1411:COMPACT
1384:Antaios
1212:Defunct
1142:Parties
1130:Wagener
1115:Schmitt
1089:Jurists
1057:Wagener
1052:Strauss
927:Stürmer
671:Tönnies
636:Schmitt
621:Scheler
576:Novalis
471:Gadamer
394:German
351:History
194:Elitism
67:Liberal
2103:
2063:
1774:think?
1704:Nassau
1644:German
1406:Cicero
1342:PEGIDA
1250:(DNVP)
1146:Active
1077:Winnig
1062:Weidel
990:
974:
879:(2017)
869:(2010)
859:(1969)
849:(1966)
839:(1963)
829:(1951)
819:(1939)
809:(1932)
799:(1931)
789:(1929)
779:(1919)
759:(1918)
749:(1913)
739:(1892)
729:(1837)
719:(1820)
709:(1806)
611:Rüstow
581:Pieper
566:Müller
546:Löwith
536:Klages
511:Herder
496:Hamann
491:Görres
481:Gehlen
466:Freyer
461:Blüher
276:
255:Kultur
232:Heimat
2101:JSTOR
1891:Notes
1378:Media
1266:(DVP)
1242:(DkP)
1234:(FKP)
1221:(BVP)
1206:(REP)
1193:(ÖDP)
1178:(CSU)
1170:(CDU)
1154:(AFD)
1120:Stahl
1105:Möser
1012:Petry
917:Stein
686:Weber
606:Röpke
571:Nolte
551:Lübbe
521:Hoppe
501:Hegel
396:Reich
142:Young
2061:ISBN
2018:2020
1997:2020
1958:2020
1937:2011
1865:...
1718:and
1638:The
1399:Cato
1392:Bild
1258:(DP)
1162:(BD)
1002:Merz
997:Krah
992:Kohl
986:Jung
902:Kuby
845:Envy
556:Mann
375:2018
328:Volk
189:Duty
72:Ordo
1882:: "
2116::
2083:.
2044:.
1966:^
1742:.
1662:,
1646::
26:on
2069:.
2020:.
1999:.
1960:.
1939:.
1886:"
1776:'
1642:(
1627:e
1620:t
1613:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
