383:"On the female upperside the ground-color varies as in the male, but sometimes it is chalky white at the bases of the wings, with the terminal margins more or less broadly sulphur-yellow. Fore wings always with a round, occasionally quadrate, black discocellular spot variable in size; in some specimens the costa is black only towards the apex of the wing, in others broadly black throughout and opposite the apex of cell so widened out as to touch the discocellular spot. In lightly marked specimens in addition to the discocellular spot, there is only an irregular terminal black band dentate inwardly and widest at the apex of the wing; in others there is in addition a more or less diffuse highly curved macular postdiscal band that extends from the costa obliquely outwards down to vein 7, where it often touches the terminal black band, and thence is continued downward and slightly inclined inwards to interspace 1, getting gradually paler and fainter posteriorly. Hind wing: a series of terminal inter-spacial [
566:
304:
323:"The upperside of the male is chalky-white, sometimes with a more or less broad and clearly defined basal sulphur-yellow area on both fore and hind wings; this sulphur-yellow colour is at times diffused over the whole surface of the wings, though generally it becomes paler towards the terminal margins. For the fore wing, the whole, or sometimes only the apical half, of the costa narrowly black, this color widened out irregularly at the apex; termen widely black at the apex, the colour narrowed posteriorly. This border in some specimens almost reaches the tornus, in others terminates above vein 4; occasionally it is continued posteriorly by a series of block dots at the apices of the veins. Hind wing: generally uniform, unmarked, some specimens bear minute black dots at the apices of the veins.
508:
slightly above the front margin of segment 4, and the front end of this parallel dorsal line is at an angle, and a sharpish angle, with the front slope of the thorax .... the cremaster is distinctly bifid at the extremity, and has some shiny, very stout, black, suspensory hooks dorsally as well as at the extremity. There is a dorsal rugose black tip to the snout terminating the head, which snout is cylindrical in its apical half; there is no black line round the eye and there is a dark green-blue dorsal line which is yellow on the thorax as well as the supra-spiracular yellow line. Length 34 mm; length of snout 3 mm; breadth at segment 7 is 9 mm; height at apex of curve of wing (segment 6) 10 mm; height at apen of thorax 8 mm".
56:
42:
360:, Cramer) it bears a spot variable in size on the discocellulars. This spot has a pearly centre and an outer reddish line. Many specimens have an irregular angulated narrow discal reddish line (the colour varies in intensity) that runs from the costa obliquely outwards to vein 7, and then obliquely inwards to vein 2, though this line is often absent in specimens that bear the discocellular spot; apex and termen sometimes very narrowly reddish. The hind wing is typically uniform, without markings; in var.
399:
327:
286:
515:
74:
542:
527:
345:
554:
356:"On the underside the groundcolour is very variable, with white with a slight to strong ochraceous tinge, greenish white or sulphur-yellow. The fore wing is typically without markings, in some specimens with a patch of sulphur-yellow on either side of base of median nervure, in the very yellow examples the tornal area is often widely greenish white, in others (
748:
394:
the spot at the apex of the cell in both fore and hind wings is enlarged into a large reddish blotch, the similar spot on the hind wing is sometimes so enlarged as to occupy the apex of the cell, the basal two-thirds of interspaces 4, 5, and 6, and the middle third of interspace 7; in some specimens
364:
there is a single small spot at the end of the cell similar to that on the fore wing, sometimes this spot is much larger with a narrow outer reddish ring, sometimes it is accompanied by a similar spot at base of interspace 5; when two spots are present they may be entirely separate, or their outer
507:
the snout is short. The pupa is described by Bell as "The pupa has the dorsal line of the thorax absolutely parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pupa for two-thirds of its length, consequently the hinder part just before the margin is perpendicular to this part, it is raised suddenly but very
477:
The newly hatched caterpillar is about 0.5 cm long and is yellowish green. In later instars the colour changes to a leafy green. The head is green and spotted with tiny black tubercules. The spiracles are covered with a continuous white line. Each segment of the body bears tiny shiny black
491:
as "The head is round, green, the clypeus edged with brown, covered with small shiny black tubercles which... do not hide the colour of the head; the anal flap is rounded, but looks square at the extremity, and is covered with rows of small black tubercles... of which only the row along the
395:
it is continued posteriorly in a series of obscure lunules to interspace 1a. Antennae red, obscurely dotted with black, palpi and head above red, thorax clothed with long yellow, sometimes greenish hairs, abdomen pale yellow; beneath: palpi and thorax pale to dark yellow, abdomen white."
365:
rings may coalesce; again, some specimens have a highly irregular discal reddish line (often reduced to a series of minute spots) that extends from the costa to vein 1; finally, the majority of specimens have a series of minute red terminal dots at the apices of the veins."
500:
Pupation takes place low to the ground. The pupa is suspended by a silken body band and attached to the substrate by a black cremaster. Its entire body is bright leaf green. A continuous yellow runs from the cremaster to the head, the head ending in a snout. In the similar
492:
spiracular line is conspicuous. The spiracles are oval, shiny and white. The colour is green with a spiracular white band touched with bright yellow on segments 2-5, and these segments, especially 3 and 4, are distinctly flanged on the spiracular line. Length 51 mm.
478:
tubercules. The tubercules immediately above the spiracular line being larger and more distinct giving the effect of a black line over the white spiracular line. The paired lines are found on both sides of the body and run from head to anus. The similar
565:
303:
469:
species. The eggs are usually laid singly on the underside, at the margin of the leaves. Each egg is white, bottle shaped, and ribbed vertically. The eggs hatch in 3–4 days.
1073:
953:
390:"The underside varies from white with a light yellowish sometimes ochraeeous tinge to deep chrome-yellow; markings as in the male but still more variable; in var.
979:
632:
800:
Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni and Luis M. Hernández. HOSTS - a
Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants
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Rienks, J.H. (1985). Phenotypic
Response to Photoperiod and Temperature in a Tropical Pierid Butterfly.
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236:
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caterpillar has a much broader black line leaving only a narrow green line on the back of the body.
1043:
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615:(2015 ed.). New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal and Indinov Publishing. p. 67.
387:] black spots that vary in size, and in the dark forms coalesce into a terminal black band."
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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has the antennae pinkish or red. The development of these forms has been linked to
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The eggs of the butterfly are laid on various species of plants including several
344:
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19:"Emigrant butterfly" redirects here. For other butterflies with this name, see
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The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Butterflies
318:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma: Butterflies
397:
343:
325:
302:
284:
906:
813:
239:. Some early authors considered them as two distinct species
790:. Vol. 7. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 84–90.
763:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma
822:
613:A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India
235:. The species gets its name from its habit of
724:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
8:
718:Sevastopulo, D.G. (1950). Seasonal forms of
810:
606:
604:
54:
40:
29:
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736:
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666:The Identification of Indian Butterflies
1074:Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius
766:. Vol. II (1st ed.). London:
626:
624:
622:
600:
589:List of butterflies of India (Pieridae)
510:
641:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
7:
995:48dbb22a-d4bb-419f-8fcc-5c6bdc56a586
270:has the antennae black and the form
376:Quoted from Bingham, C. T. (1907)
316:Quoted from Bingham, C. T. (1907)
14:
255:For a key to the terms used, see
746:
564:
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72:
668:(2nd ed.). Mumbai, India:
670:Bombay Natural History Society
262:The species has pale and dark
1:
1069:Butterflies described in 1775
707:Australian Journal of Zoology
433:. Other host plants include
787:Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. VII
257:Glossary of entomology terms
611:Varshney, R.; Smetacek, P.
231:found in Asia and parts of
1100:
571:Pupa in the upper edge of
487:The larva is described by
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18:
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174:
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69:Scientific classification
67:
62:
53:
48:
39:
32:
1064:Butterflies of Indochina
1059:Butterflies of Singapore
1054:Butterflies of Indonesia
1049:Butterflies of Australia
768:Taylor and Francis, Ltd.
1079:Butterflies of Malaysia
803:Accessed September 2006
696:Accessed:September 2006
547:Caterpillar, 4th instar
266:in Australia. The form
489:Thomas Reid Davys Bell
414:
353:
341:
308:
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1084:Butterflies of Borneo
401:
347:
329:
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405:'crocale' female f.
352:, West Bengal, India
224:, is a medium-sized
16:Species of butterfly
504:Catopsilia pyranthe
481:Catopsilia pyranthe
473:Caterpillar (larva)
454:Pterocarpus indicus
692:2006-09-12 at the
637:(Fabricius, 1775)"
415:
358:Catopsilia catilla
354:
342:
309:
301:
292:'crocale' male f.
241:Catopsilia crocale
1031:
1030:
1016:Open Tree of Life
868:Catopsilia_pomona
854:Catopsilia pomona
824:Catopsilia pomona
816:Taxon identifiers
770:pp. 219–221.
685:Catopsilia pomona
635:Catopsilia pomona
532:Caterpillar, 3rd
403:Catopsilia pomona
333:'pomona' male f.
331:Catopsilia pomona
290:Catopsilia pomona
245:Catopsilia pomona
213:Catopsilia pomona
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208:
203:Catopsila crocale
178:Catopsilia pomona
34:Catopsilia pomona
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784:(1905–1910).
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941:iNaturalist
848:Wikispecies
662:Evans, W.H.
460:Senna alata
280:temperature
276:photoperiod
251:Description
126:Lepidoptera
1044:Coliadinae
1038:Categories
720:Catopsilia
682:Grund, R.
595:References
418:Life cycle
380:volume 2.
320:volume 2.
147:Catopsilia
106:Arthropoda
22:Catopsilia
687:datasheet
451:species,
237:migration
233:Australia
229:butterfly
186:Fabricius
154:Species:
92:Kingdom:
86:Eukaryota
967:LepIndex
959:11404210
839:Q1768128
833:Wikidata
760:(1907).
690:Archived
664:(1932).
646:June 30,
583:See also
466:Sesbania
448:Bauhinia
407:jugurtha
294:alcmeone
195:Synonyms
136:Pieridae
132:Family:
102:Phylum:
96:Animalia
82:Domain:
933:1919340
726:49:570.
430:Cassias
413:, India
392:catilla
362:catilla
350:Kolkata
335:hilaria
268:crocale
188:, 1775)
142:Genus:
122:Order:
116:Insecta
112:Class:
63:Female
1021:677810
1008:106724
992:NZOR:
985:320267
972:174342
946:133443
920:CATPPO
907:175446
755::
574:Cassia
534:instar
411:Kerala
372:Female
272:pomona
264:morphs
226:pierid
216:, the
954:IRMNG
881:83094
722:spp.
577:leaf
49:Male
980:NCBI
928:GBIF
915:EPPO
894:RVM8
876:BOLD
648:2018
559:Pupa
463:and
312:Male
278:and
243:and
902:EoL
889:CoL
863:AFD
520:Egg
423:Egg
409:in
385:sic
348:In
337:in
296:in
220:or
1040::
1018::
1005::
982::
969::
956::
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731:^
639:.
621:^
603:^
457:,
445:,
439:,
247:.
672:.
650:.
633:"
259:.
184:(
25:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
